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Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis II
by Florencio Zaragoza DörwaldThis new textbook is the successor to the volume "Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis - A Guide to Successful Synthesis Design" (2004), written by the same author. Whereas the predecessor mainly covered the limitations of aliphatic substitution reactions, this new volume focuses on the most important aromatic substitution reactions, both electrophilic and nucleophilic, such as amination reactions, halogenation reactions, Friedel-Crafts acylations, or transition metal-catalyzed arylation reactions. Each chapter not only describes the scope of a specific reaction type, but also reveals what cannot be achieved with this reaction, i.e. what type of side reactions are to be expected with certain starting materials or electrophiles/nucleophiles. With its unique approach, this is a must-have book for graduate students in organic chemistry and synthetic chemists both in academia and industry!
Sidereus Nuncius, or The Sidereal Messenger (2nd Edition)
by Galileo Galilei Albert Van HeldenGalileo Galilei's Sidereus Nuncius is arguably the most dramatic scientific book ever published. It announced new and unexpected phenomena in the heavens, "unheard of through the ages," revealed by a mysterious new instrument. Galileo had ingeniously improved the rudimentary "spyglasses" that appeared in Europe in 1608, and in the autumn of 1609 he pointed his new instrument at the sky, revealing astonishing sights: mountains on the moon, fixed stars invisible to the naked eye, individual stars in the Milky Way, and four moons around the planet Jupiter. These discoveries changed the terms of the debate between geocentric and heliocentric cosmology and helped ensure the eventual acceptance of the Copernican planetary system. Albert Van Helden's beautifully rendered and eminently readable translation is based on the Venice 1610 edition's original Latin text. An introduction, conclusion, and copious notes place the book in its historical and intellectual context, and a new preface, written by Van Helden, highlights recent discoveries in the field, including the detection of a forged copy of Sidereus Nuncius, and new understandings about the political complexities of Galileo's work.
Sidney D. Drell: Into the Heart of Matter, Passionately
by Lenora FerroSidney Drell (1926–2016) left a legacy worthy of many lifetimes. Physicist, professor, national security expert, amateur musician, behind-the-scenes diplomat, and champion for peace and human rights, he was also friend and mentor. Dozens of interviews with those whose lives he touched reveal Drell as a man of brilliance, curiosity, and passions, whose devotion to the arts, family, and community equaled his love for physics. Teaching at Stanford University and working at its linear particle accelerator, Drell made significant scientific contributions. Not content to leave science in the lab or classroom, Drell brought his intellectual heft to public service, advising the US government on issues relating to science, advocating for Russian dissident Andrei Sakharov, and urging nuclear disarmament. Scaling the heights of achievement with a down-to-earth sensibility, Drell met his destiny empowered and validated by a prodigious mind, generous spirit, and tact in fostering goodwill for the benefit of all.
Sieben Moleküle: Die chemischen Elemente und das Leben
by Jürgen-Hinrich Fuhrhop Tianyu WangEs ist Allgemeinwissen: der Mensch besteht zu mehr als 70 Gewichtsprozent aus Wasser - Man erfahrt dies entweder in der Natur auf Waldlehrpfaden oder in der Grundschule... Wasser ist uberlebenswichtig und wird in einem weit verzweigten Rohleitungssystem befordert: den Blut- und Lymphebahnen, vom kleinen Zeh bis in das Sprachzentrum des Hirns. Aber welche Rolle spielt Wasser in der Chemie des Menschen? Der Chemie-Professor Jurgen Fuhrhop und Dr. Tianyu Wang haben die unubersehbare Anzahl chemischer Verbindung auf sieben Lebensmolekule beschrankt. Nach ihrer Auffassung sind diese, von der Evolution auserwahlten Molekule die Trager des menschlichen Lebens. Und die Autoren scheuen weder einen Blick ins Universum, wo die chemischen Elemente herkommen, noch auf die Verfahrenstechnik der Papierherstellung oder des Laserdruckers, die die Glucose nutzen. Menschen ab 15 ihre eigene Chemie anschaulich zu vermitteln, das ist das Ziel. Im Buch werden sowohl funktionierende ("gesunde") wie verstopfte ("kranke") Wasserlaufe dargestellt. Das Kohlenhydrat Glucose bildet Pflanzen und treibt die Hirne an, Lecithinmembranen umhullen biologische Zellen und bauen Stromquellen der Nerven und Muskeln auf. Tyrosin ist der wichtigste molekulare Anker fur Proteine und Arzneimittel, ohne ATP gabe es keinen Gedanken, kein Gefuhl, kein Erlebnis. Oxyham stellt den Sauerstoff der Luft atomar zur Verfugung damit Nahrungstoffe bei 37? C in Wasser verbrennen, Retinal leitet das Licht ins Gehirn und verwandelt es in Strom. Zur Vertiefung des Stoffes werden in jedem Kapitel Fragen gestellt. Die Antworten dazu findet man am Ende des Buches.
Sieben und Siebmaschinen: Grundlagen Und Anwendung
by Matthias Coppers Rolf Körber Paul SchmidtNach der Gewinnung bzw. Erzeugung von mineralischen, synthetischen oder organischen Roh- und Zwischenprodukten liegt in den meisten Fällen ein Schüttgut mit Körnern unterschiedlicher Größe und Form vor. <P><P>Für das Endprodukt wird durch Klassieren eine geforderte Korngrößenverteilung erreicht. Das einfachste mechanische Verfahren ist hier das Sieben. Auf der Grundlage aktueller Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten sowie Konstruktions- und Betriebserfahrungen werden im vorliegenden Buch ausführlich die Grundlagen der Siebtechnik und deren verfahrenstechnische Anwendung bei Siebmaschinen und Siebanalysegeräten behandelt. Ingenieure und Verfahrenstechniker vieler Industriezweige, u.a. Chemie, Metall, Pharmazie, Farben, Kohle, Erz, Zement, Kalk, Gips, Dünge-, Nahrungs- und Futtermittel, finden in diesem Handbuch Anleitung und Unterstützung bei der Lösung ihrer 'Siebprobleme' und können sich über den neusten Entwicklungstand der Siebtechnik informieren.
Sierra Nevada Natural History (California Natural History Guide #73)
by Tracy I. Storer Tom Taylor Robert L. Usinger David Lukas Phyllis M. Faber Peter Gaede John Gamel Bill Nelson Bruce M. Pavlik Christopher Rogers<p>The magnificent and much-loved Sierra Nevada, called the "Range of Light" by John Muir, is the dominant feature on the California landscape. First published forty years ago, this handbook has become an enduring natural history classic, used by thousands to learn more about virtually every aspect of this spectacular mountain range―from its superb flora and fauna to its rugged topography. <p>Comprehensive yet concise and portable, the book describes hundreds of species: trees and shrubs, flowering plants and ferns, fungi and lichens, insects and fish, amphibians and reptiles, and birds and mammals. Now completely updated and revised, it will continue to be the essential guide to the Sierra Nevada for a new generation of hikers, campers, tourists, naturalists, students, and teachers―everyone who wants to know more about this unique and beautiful mountain range. </p>
Sífilis: otra enfermedad que nos llegó de Europa la medicina y la sífilis en el Viejo Mundo
by Naranjo PlutarcoEntre marzo y abril de 1495, en Nápoles, se desató una terrible epidemia de sífilis que luego se propagó a Francia y desde aquí al resto de Europa. Durante los primeros cuarenta años de la epidemia nadie puso en duda el sitio dónde se originó y luego cuál país se convirtió en el foco de diseminación del mal venéreo que comenzó a llamarse el morbo gálico. Inesperadamente ciertos autores poco escrupulosos, del siglo XVI, afirmaron que la sífilis era originaria de América, continente al cual, sin quererlo, Europa había "exportado" todas las pestes del Viejo Mundo. Existe un dicho popular: "favor con favor se paga", parafraseándolo en sentido inverso, parecería que se trataba de demostrar que hubo un intercambio epidémico y que en "reciprocidad" de las enfermedades que Europa envió a América, ésta exportó al Viejo Continente la sífilis.
SiGe-based Re-engineering of Electronic Warfare Subsystems
by Wynand Lambrechts Saurabh SinhaThis book provides readers a thorough understanding of the applicability of new-generation silicon-germanium (SiGe) electronic subsystems for electronic warfare and defensive countermeasures in military contexts. It explains in detail the theoretical and technical background, and addresses all aspects of the integration of SiGe as an enabling technology for maritime, land, and airborne / spaceborne electronic warfare, including research, design, development, and implementation. The coverage is supported by mathematical derivations, informative illustrations, practical examples, and case studies. While SiGe technology provides speed, performance, and price advantages in many markets, to date only limited information has been available on its use in electronic warfare systems, especially in developing nations. Addressing that need, this book offers essential engineering guidelines that especially focus on the speed and reliability of current-generation SiGe circuits and highlight emerging innovations that help to ensure the sustainable long-term integration of SiGe into electronic warfare systems.
Sight: Glimmer, Glow, SPARK, FLASH!
by Romana Romanyshyn Andriy LesivSight is a groundbreaking introduction to our vivid, sensory world.This nonfiction book is an immediately accessible, science-intensive illumination of an endlessly fascinating subject: sight.Packed with facts about all aspects of vision, this is a sensitive exploration of how sight essentially impacts our everyday lives.• At once instructional and inspirational• Features stunning visual sophistication• Filled with compelling infographicsSight is a stunning, multifaceted visual exploration of one of our critical senses.This gorgeous book goes beyond the facts—it encourages not only scientific exploration, but philosophical reflection on the very nature of vision. • Resonates year-round as a go-to gift for birthdays, holidays, and more• Perfect for curious children ages 8 to 12 years old• Equal parts educational and visual, this makes a great pick for schools, librarians, teachers, grandparents, and parents.• You'll love this book if you love books like Nature Anatomy: The Curious Parts and Pieces of the Natural by Julia Rothman, Animalium: Welcome to the Museum by Jenny Broom, and Eye to Eye: How Animals See the World by Steve Jenkins.
Sightings: The Gray Whales' Mysterious Journey
by Linda Hogan Brenda PetersonTraces the lives of gray whales during their migrations between Alaska and Mexico, from their summer feeding grounds in the Bering Sea to winter birthing lagoons in Baja, examining their rich history including the conflict between their hunters and environmental protectors.
Sigma 7
by Colin BurgessColin Burgess offers a comprehensive yet personal look at the 1962 orbital mission of Wally Schirra aboard the spacecraft Sigma 7, the first book about this popular pioneering astronaut which explores his entire life and accomplishments. This continues the Pioneers in Early Spaceflight series, the volumes of which form an excellent record of Project Mercury's pioneering early phase of the Space Age. Schirra's pre-NASA life is examined, as well as his training as a NASA astronaut and for his Mercury MA-8 flight. The 6-orbit flight of Sigma 7 is fully covered from its origins through to the spacecraft's safe recovery from the ocean after a highly successful Mercury mission. Schirra's participation on the Gemini 6 and Apollo 7 missions is also told, but in brief, and the book also relates his post-NASA life and activities through to his passing in 2007. The Mercury Seven occupy a unique spot in the history of human spaceflight, and Schirra is at last given his due as one of the contributing astronauts in this painstakingly researched book.
Sigma Receptors: Their Role in Disease and as Therapeutic Targets
by Sylvia B. Smith Tsung-Ping SuOriginally confused with opioid receptors and then orphan receptors with no biological function, Sigma Receptors are now recognized as relevant to many degenerative diseases with remarkable potential as therapeutic targets. In this text, new information about the structure of sigma 1 receptor, its binding sites are provided as well as its expression in many cell types. It’s putative role in degenerative neuronal diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, pain, drug addiction and locomotor activity. Their roles in possible treatments for blinding retinal diseases emphasize the tremendous far-reaching potential for ligands for these receptors. Exciting breakthroughs in this dynamic field in the last decade are reported herein, which will guide future investigators in determining the full potential of this unique, yet abundantly expressed protein.
Sigmund Freud: Inventor of the Modern Mind (Eminent Lives)
by Peter D. KramerReferred to as "the father of psychoanalysis," Sigmund Freud is credited with championing the "talking cure" and charting the human unconscious. Both revered and reviled, he was a brilliant innovator but also a man of troubling contradictions—sometimes tyrannical, often misrepresenting the course and outcome of his treatments to make the "facts" match his theories. Peter D. Kramer—acclaimed author, practicing psychiatrist, and a leading national authority on mental health—offers a stunning new take on this controversial figure. Kramer is at once critical and sympathetic, presenting Freud the mythmaker, the storyteller, the writer whose books will survive among the classics of our literature, and the genius who transformed the way we see ourselves.
Sigmund Freud
by Kathleen KrullSteven de Selby has a hangover. Bright lights, loud noise, and lots of exercise are the last thing he wants. But that's exactly what he gets when someone starts shooting at him. Steven is no stranger to death-Mr. D's his boss after all-but when a dead girl saves him from sharing her fate, he finds himself on the wrong end of the barrel. His job is to guide the restless dead to the underworld but now his clients are his own colleagues, friends, and family. Mr. D's gone missing and with no one in charge, the dead start to rise, the living are hunted, and the whole city teeters on the brink of a regional apocalypse-unless Steven can shake his hangover, not fall for the dead girl, and find out what happened to his boss- that is, Death himself.
Sigmund Freud and the Jewish Mystical Tradition
by David BakanIn this pioneering work, David Bakan challenges the popular view of Freud as an entirely secular intellectual, schooled in modern culture rather than Jewish traditions. Bakan contends that the father of psychology was profoundly influenced by mystic lore about which he appeared to know very little -- and which represents the antithesis of scientific method.This work is based on the premise that Freudian psychoanalytic theory is largely rooted in the Jewish religion, particularly the mysticism of the kabbala. In a fascinating interpretation of the blend of personality and cultural history, Bakan explains how Freud's Jewish heritage contributed, either consciously or unconsciously, to his psychological theories. The author employs Freud's own distinction between being a Jew and the acceptance of Jewish doctrine to demonstrate the effect of Jewish mysticism in the formation of Freud's technical genius.With its focus on the ways in which Freud was and was not Jewish, this study offers a model example of the problem of Jewish identity -- as embodied by one of the giants of modern science, who professed to be both "infidel" and "Jew."
The Sign and the Seal
by Graham HancockThe fact of the Lost Ark of the Covenant is one of the grant historical mysteries of all time. To believers, the Ark is the legendary vesel holding the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments. The Bible contains hundreds of references to the Ark's power to level mountains, destroy armies, and lay waste to cities. The Ark itself, however, mysteriously disappears from recorded history sometime after the building of the Temple of Solomon. After ten years of searching through the dusty archives of Europe and the Middle East, as well as braving the real-life dangers of a bloody civil war in Ethiopia, Graham Hancock has succeeded where scores of others have failed. This intrepid journalist has tracked down the true story behind the myths and legends -- revealing where the Ark is today, how it got there, and why it remains hidden. Part fascinating scholarship and part entertaining adventure yarn, tying together some of the most intriguing tales of all time -- from the Knights Templar and Prester John to Parsival and the Holy Grail -- this book will appeal to anyone fascinated by the revelation of hidden truths, the discovery of secret mysteries.
Signal Analysis in Pharmacovigilance: Principles and Processes
by Anoop KumarThis book provides detailed concepts and information on principles and processes of signal analysis in pharmacovigilance along with case studies. It covers the fundamental concepts and principles of pharmacovigilance, emphasizing the need for robust signal detection and analysis methods. The book reviews the diverse array of databases and tools employed for signal detection, including electronic health records (EHRs), social media mining, claims data, and distributed data networks. In turn, the book discusses the application of molecular dynamics, molecular docking, and the use of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database in signal analysis. Toward the end, the book explores the identification, validation, and assessment of signals associated with vaccines. This book is useful for graduate, post-graduate students of pharmaceutical sciences, and scientists in pharmacology research and drug development.
Signal and Image Processing for Biometrics
by Jacob Scharcanski Hugo Proença Eliza DuThis volume offers a guide to the state of the art in the fast evolving field of biometric recognition to newcomers and experienced practitioners. It is focused on the emerging strategies to perform biometric recognition under uncontrolled data acquisition conditions. The mainstream research work in this field is presented in an organized manner, so the reader can easily follow the trends that best suits her/his interests in this growing field. The book chapters cover the recent advances in less controlled / covert data acquisition frameworks, segmentation of poor quality biometric data, biometric data quality assessment, normalization of poor quality biometric data. contactless biometric recognition strategies, biometric recognition robustness, data resolution, illumination, distance, pose, motion, occlusions, multispectral biometric recognition, multimodal biometrics, fusion at different levels, high confidence automatic surveillance.
Signal and Image Processing Techniques for the Development of Intelligent Healthcare Systems
by E. Priya V. RajinikanthThis book comprehensively reviews the various automated and semi-automated signal and image processing techniques, as well as deep-learning-based image analysis techniques, used in healthcare diagnostics.It highlights a range of data pre-processing methods used in signal processing for effective data mining in remote healthcare, and discusses pre-processing using filter techniques, noise removal, and contrast-enhanced methods for improving image quality.The book discusses the status quo of artificial intelligence in medical applications, as well as its future. Further, it offers a glimpse of feature extraction methods for reducing dimensionality and extracting discriminatory information hidden in biomedical signals. Given its scope, the book is intended for academics, researchers and practitioners interested in the latest real-world technological innovations.
Signal Integrity
by Samuel H. RussThis textbook teaches how to design working systems at very high frequencies. It is designed to introduce computer engineers to the design of extremely high speed digital systems. Combining an intuitive, physics-based approach to electromagnetics with a focus on solving realistic problems, the author presents concepts that are essential for computer and electrical engineers today. The book emphasizes an intuitive approach to electromagnetics, and then uses this foundation to show the reader how both physical phenomena can cause signals to propagate incorrectly; and how to solve commonly encountered issues. Emphasis is placed on real problems that the author has encountered in his professional career, integrating problem-solving strategies and real signal-integrity case studies throughout the presentation. Students are challenged to think about managing complex design projects and implementing successful engineering and manufacturing processes. Each chapter includes exercises to test concepts introduced.
Signal Processing and Analysis Techniques for Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy (Signals and Communication Technology)
by Cristian Monea Nicu BizonThis book is about improving prohibited substances detection using the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) technique at security checkpoints. The book proposes multiple signal processing and analysis techniques for improving detection of dangerous or contraband substances, such as explosives, narcotics, or toxic substances. Also, several hardware solutions are described and implemented in a custom-designed NQR spectrometer. A new approach to NQR signal detection is introduced using artificial intelligence/deep learning techniques. The book will be useful for for researchers and practitioners in the areas of electrical engineering, signal processing and analysis, applied spectroscopy, as well as for security or laboratory equipment manufacturers.
Signal Processing and Image Processing for Acoustical Imaging
by Woon Siong GanThis book discusses the applications of signal and image processing in acoustical imaging. It first describes the basic tools involved – the 2D transform, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and applications, and deconvolution – before introducing readers to higher-order statistics, wavelets, and neural networks. It also addresses the important topic of digital signal processing, focusing on the example of homomorphic signal processing. The book then details the design of digital filters and array signal processing, and lastly examines applications in image processing: image enhancement and optimization, image restoration, and image compression.
Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data
by Ervin Sejdic Tiago H. FalkWithin the healthcare domain, big data is defined as any ``high volume, high diversity biological, clinical, environmental, and lifestyle information collected from single individuals to large cohorts, in relation to their health and wellness status, at one or several time points.'' Such data is crucial because within it lies vast amounts of invaluable information that could potentially change a patient's life, opening doors to alternate therapies, drugs, and diagnostic tools. Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data thus discusses modalities; the numerous ways in which this data is captured via sensors; and various sample rates and dimensionalities. Capturing, analyzing, storing, and visualizing such massive data has required new shifts in signal processing paradigms and new ways of combining signal processing with machine learning tools. This book covers several of these aspects in two ways: firstly, through theoretical signal processing chapters where tools aimed at big data (be it biomedical or otherwise) are described; and, secondly, through application-driven chapters focusing on existing applications of signal processing and machine learning for big biomedical data. This text aimed at the curious researcher working in the field, as well as undergraduate and graduate students eager to learn how signal processing can help with big data analysis. It is the hope of Drs. Sejdic and Falk that this book will bring together signal processing and machine learning researchers to unlock existing bottlenecks within the healthcare field, thereby improving patient quality-of-life. Provides an overview of recent state-of-the-art signal processing and machine learning algorithms for biomedical big data, including applications in the neuroimaging, cardiac, retinal, genomic, sleep, patient outcome prediction, critical care, and rehabilitation domains. Provides contributed chapters from world leaders in the fields of big data and signal processing, covering topics such as data quality, data compression, statistical and graph signal processing techniques, and deep learning and their applications within the biomedical sphere. This book’s material covers how expert domain knowledge can be used to advance signal processing and machine learning for biomedical big data applications.
Signal Processing in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Biomedical Applications
by Dzevad Belkic Karen BelkicAddressing the critical need in clinical oncology for robust and stable signal processing in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Signal Processing in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Biomedical Applications explores cutting-edge theory-based innovations for obtaining reliable quantitative information from MR signals for cancer diagnostics. By defining the natural framework of signal processing using the well-established theory of quantum physics, the book illustrates how advances in signal processing can optimize MRS. <p> The authors employ the fast Padé transform (FPT) as the unique polynomial quotient for the spectral analysis of MR time signals. They prove that residual spectra are necessary but not sufficient criteria to estimate the error invoked in quantification. Instead, they provide a more comprehensive strategy that monitors constancy of spectral parameters as one of the most reliable signatures of stability and robustness of quantification. The authors also use Froissart doublets to unequivocally distinguish between genuine and spurious resonances in both noise-free and noise-corrupted time signals, enabling the exact reconstruction of all the genuine spectral parameters. They show how the FPT resolves and quantifies tightly overlapped resonances that are abundantly seen in MR spectra generated using data from encoded time signals from the brain, breast, ovary, and prostate. <p> Written by a mathematical physicist and a clinical scientist, this book captures the multidisciplinary nature of biomedicine. It examines the remarkable ability of the FPT to unambiguously quantify isolated, tightly overlapped, and nearly confluent resonances.