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Understanding Acoustics: An Experimentalist’s View of Sound and Vibration (Graduate Texts in Physics)
by Steven L. GarrettThis open access textbook, like Rayleigh’s classic Theory of Sound, focuses on experiments and on approximation techniques rather than mathematical rigor. The second edition has benefited from comments and corrections provided by many acousticians, in particular those who have used the first edition in undergraduate and graduate courses. For example, phasor notation has been added to clearly distinguish complex variables, and there is a new section on radiation from an unbaffled piston. Drawing on over 40 years of teaching experience at UCLA, the Naval Postgraduate School, and Penn State, the author presents a uniform methodology, based on hydrodynamic fundamentals for analysis of lumped-element systems and wave propagation that can accommodate dissipative mechanisms and geometrically-complex media. Five chapters on vibration and elastic waves highlight modern applications, including viscoelasticity and resonance techniques for measurement of elastic moduli, while introducing analytical techniques and approximation strategies that are revisited in nine subsequent chapters describing all aspects of generation, transmission, scattering, and reception of waves in fluids. Problems integrate multiple concepts, and several include experimental data to provide experience in choosing optimal strategies for extraction of experimental results and their uncertainties. Fundamental physical principles that do not ordinarily appear in other acoustics textbooks, like adiabatic invariance, similitude, the Kramers-Kronig relations, and the equipartition theorem, are shown to provide independent tests of results obtained from numerical solutions, commercial software, and simulations. Thanks to the Veneklasen Research Foundation, this popular textbook is now open access, making the e-book available for free download worldwide. Provides graduate-level treatment of acoustics and vibration suitable for use in courses, for self-study, and as a referenceHighlights fundamental physical principles that can provide independent tests of the validity of numerical solutions, commercial software, and computer simulationsDemonstrates approximation techniques that greatly simplify the mathematics without a substantial decrease in accuracyIncorporates a hydrodynamic approach to the acoustics of sound in fluids that provides a uniform methodology for analysis of lumped-element systems and wave propagationEmphasizes actual applications as examples of topics explained in the textIncludes realistic end-of-chapter problems, some including experimental data, as well as a Solutions Manual for instructors.Features “Talk Like an Acoustician“ boxes to highlight key terms introduced in the text.
Understanding Allergic Airway Diseases: Contemporary Treatment Paradigm
by Kamal Dua Ronan MacLoughlin Kavita Pabreja Sachin Kumar Singh Parteek Prasher Mousmee SharmaThe book explores the intersection of nanotechnology and allergic airway diseases. With a focus on diagnosis and management, each chapter delves into specific areas of interest. Beginning with an introduction to the diseases, the book progresses to uncover the pathophysiology and immunology underlying allergic airway diseases. The epidemiology chapter provides insights into the prevalence and impact of these conditions. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to nanotechnology applications, with chapters on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, nanomicelles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, nanofibers, and quantum dots. These chapters delve into the potential of these nanomaterials in managing allergic airway diseases, highlighting their unique properties, and promising therapeutic approaches. Finally, the book concludes with a chapter on future directions, exploring emerging trends and potential advancements in the field. This book will be a valuable resource for academics, caregivers, researchers, and industry professionals working in the field of airway allergic diseases. It includes translational and clinical researchers, under-graduates and postgraduates (Masters), PhDs, and post-doctoral researchers of various disciplines, including pharmaceutical sciences, biotechnology, immunology, and medical and health sciences.
Understanding Anatomy & Physiology: A Visual, Auditory, Interactive Approach
by Gale Sloan ThompsonHow do you learn A&P best? Whatever your learning style. . . by looking, listening, or doing, or a little bit of each. . . the 2nd Edition of this innovative, multiplatform approach to anatomy & physiology is designed just for you. Tackle a tough subject in bite-sized pieces. A seeming huge volume of information is organized into manageable sections to make complex concepts easy to understand and remember. You begin with an overview of the body, including its chemical and cellular structures, then progress to one-of-a-kind portrayals of each body system, grouped by function. A wealth of full-color illustrations, figures, sidebars, helpful hints, and easy-to-read descriptions make information crystal clear. Each unique page spread provides an entire unit of understanding, breaking down complex concepts into easy-to-grasp sections. Click here for a preview of the text & the accompanying resources. See. Listen. Do. Discover beyond the book with instructor and student resources online at DavisPlus, including your Davis Digital Version, full-color, narrated animations, interactive exercises, flash cards, and learning objectives/outcomes. Also available: Workbook to Accompany Understanding Anatomy & Physiology, 2nd Edition "The integration of graphics and text is very engaging for learners. Thompson silences the academic distractions found in traditional A&P textbooks and emphasizes all the 'take away points' in a concise and informative manner. The task of learning A&P is now less threatening. " --Jason Johnson, Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology "My students absolutely love the Thompson A&P book. It is concise and makes learning the material seem less daunting. It really hits all learning styles with the pictures, videos, text and workbook. I have seen a significant increase in student success since we implemented this book!" --Shayna Turner RN, MS, Isabella Graham Hart School of Practical Nursing "The numerous graphics are vivid and relevant allowing the student to focus on the concept rather than multiple paragraphs of reading. The "Life Lesson" inserts further engage the student by placing covered concepts into real-world situations. Understanding Anatomy & Physiology is both instructor and student friendly. " -- Nanette Mosser, RMA, BA-HCM, MedQuest College
Understanding and Analysis: The California Air Resources Board Forest Offset Protocol
by Eric Marland Grant Domke Jason Hoyle Gregg Marland Laurel Bates Alex Helms Benjamin Jones Tamara Kowalczyk Tatyana B. Ruseva Celina SzymanskiThis book is a product of the initial phase of a broader study evaluating the voluntary and regulatory compliance protocols that are used to account for the contributions of forests in U. S. -based greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation programs. The research presented here is particularly concerned with these protocols' use of the USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to describe forest conditions, ownership, and management scenarios, and is oriented towards providing regulators and other interested parties with an objective comparison of the options, uncertainties, and opportunities available to offset GHG emissions through forest management. Chapters focus on the protocols for recognizing forest carbon offsets in the California carbon cap-and-trade program, as described in the Compliance Offset Protocol; U. S. Forest Projects (California Air Resources Board, 2011). Readers will discover the protocols used for quantifying the offset of GHG emissions through forest-related project activity. As such, its scope includes a review of the current methods used in voluntary and compliance forest protocols, an evaluation of the metrics used to assign baselines and determine additionality in the forest offset protocols, an examination of key quantitative and qualitative components and assumptions, and a discussion of opportunities for modifying forest offset protocols, in light of the rapidly changing GHG-related policy and regulatory environment. Finally, the report also discusses accounting and policy issues that create potential barriers to participation in the California cap-and-trade program, and overall programmatic additionality in addressing the needs of a mitigation strategy.
Understanding and Caring for People with Schizophrenia: Fifteen Clinical Cases
by Ragy R. Girgis Gary Brucato Jeffrey A. LiebermanThis book challenges professional and public misconceptions of schizophrenia as an illness with intractable symptoms and inexorable mental deterioration, educating clinicians and researchers on the effectiveness of treatment to change the course of or prevent the onset of illness. The authors illustrate such effectiveness through fifteen case studies examining psychosis in diverse clients. These case studies are divided into the three phases of the illness—prodromal/clinical high risk, first-episode, chronic, and treatment-refractory—with accompanying analyses of the causes, symptoms, interventions and treatments. By depicting patients at different clinical stages of the illness, with accompanying explanations of how they got to that point, what might have been done to avoid – or has been done to achieve – this outcome, the reader will gain an appreciation of the nature of the illness and for the therapeutic potential of currently available treatments. Readers will learn about the various clinical aspects of schizophrenia and treatment including diagnosis, prognosis, clinical presentation, suicide risk, cognitive deficits, stigma, medication management, and psychosocial interventions.
Understanding and Conscious Experience: Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives (Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Science)
by Mircea Dumitru Andrei Ionuț MărășoiuThis volume explores how understanding relates to conscious experience. In doing so, it builds bridges between different philosophical disciplines and provides a metaphysically robust characterization of understanding, both in and beyond science.The past two decades have witnessed growing interest from epistemologists, philosophers of science, philosophers of mind and ethicists in the nature and value of intellectual understanding. This volume features original essays on understanding and the phenomenal experiences that underlie it. The chapters are divided into three thematic sections. Part 1 provides theoretical characterizations of understanding, including Henk de Regt’s defense of a contextual theory of scientific understanding and a debate on whether scientific inference and explanatory power are necessary or central features of understanding. Part 2 explores how conscious experience and understanding are related. The chapters articulate a phenomenal theory of understanding and address themes that are connected to understanding, including awareness, transformative experiences and exemplification. Finally, Part 3 is devoted to domain-specific inquiries about understanding, such as logical proofs, particle physics and moral understanding.Understanding and Conscious Experience will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in the philosophy of science, epistemology, philosophy of mind, ethics and phenomenology.
Understanding and Managing Threats to the Environment in South Eastern Europe
by Charles B. Fields Gorazd Meško Dejana DimitrijevićThis volume presents reflections on a variety of environmental issues in South-Eastern Europe from diverse contemporary scientific disciplines. The contributions address many crucial issues including national environmental policies, economic instruments for preventing crimes against the environment, international waste trafficking, threats to air, water and soil due to mining, management of dump areas, environment protection and food safety from a perspective of public health. The book will be a useful resource for researchers, developers and decision makers interested in the stability and sustainable development of the South-Eastern European countries.
Understanding and Modeling Förster-type Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET): Introduction to FRET, Vol. 1
by Alexander Govorov Pedro Ludwig Hernández Martínez Hilmi Volkan DemirThis Brief presents a historical overview of the Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer and a compilation of important progress in FRET research, starting from Förster until today, along with a summary of the current state-of-the-art. Here the objective is to provide the reader with a complete account of important milestones in FRET studies and FRET applications as well as a picture of the current status.
Understanding and Modeling Förster-type Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET): FRET-Applications, Vol. 3
by Alexander Govorov Pedro Ludwig Hernández Martínez Hilmi Volkan DemirThis Brief presents a historical overview of the Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer and a compilation of important progress in FRET research, starting from Förster until today, along with a summary of the current state-of-the-art. Here the objective is to provide the reader with a complete account of important milestones in FRET studies and FRET applications as well as a picture of the current status.
Understanding and Modeling Förster-type Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET): FRET from Single Donor to Single Acceptor and Assemblies of Acceptors, Vol. 2
by Alexander Govorov Pedro Ludwig Hernández Martínez Hilmi Volkan DemirThis Brief presents a historical overview of the Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer and a compilation of important progress in FRET research, starting from Förster until today, along with a summary of the current state-of-the-art. Here the objective is to provide the reader with a complete account of important milestones in FRET studies and FRET applications as well as a picture of the current status.
Understanding Animal Behaviour: What to Measure and Why
by Sergio Pellis Vivien PellisAll students and researchers of behaviour – from those observing freely-behaving animals in the field to those conducting more controlled laboratory studies – face the problem of deciding what exactly to measure. Without a scientific framework on which to base them, however, such decisions are often unsystematic and inconsistent. Providing a clear and defined starting point for any behavioural study, this is the first book to make available a set of principles for how to study the organisation of behaviour and, in turn, for how to use those insights to select what to measure. The authors provide enough theory to allow the reader to understand the derivation of the principles, and draw on numerous examples to demonstrate clearly how the principles can be applied. By providing a systematic framework for selecting what behaviour to measure, the book lays the foundations for a more scientific approach for the study of behaviour.
Understanding Animal Welfare
by Edward N. EadieThis book examines the contents, influence, and potential of a personal selection of modern books published over the last fifty years that have been relevant to improving welfare. The works selected comprise three earlier classics that mainly deal with animal experimentation and intensive farming, as well as five that concentrate on specific subject areas, namely history, science, applied ethics, politics and law, that are important to protecting the welfare of animals against suffering inflicted by humans. The books are arranged in the order of their publication date, and for each one a few related works are also mentioned or discussed. This collection provides a broad understanding of animal protection issues, and provides the necessary basis for an informed and comprehensive approach to improving the welfare of animals. The books selected have been influential and they have the potential to improve animal welfare in the future.
Understanding Artificial Intelligence
by Editors of Scientific AmericanEssays from the world's experts in AI.
Understanding, Assessing and Improving Farm Animal Welfare
by Luc MounierImproving welfare in farmed animals is good for productivity, consumer demand and, of course, the animals themselves. Covering the current scientific knowledge on the sensitivity and consciousness of animals, this translation of the Le Bien-être des animaux d'élevage series reviews how to understand, assess and then improve farm animal welfare. Beginning with the philosophical and legal history of the consideration of their well-being, it synthesizes this information to build a common reference so that we all share the same notion of what animal welfare actually is. It then evaluates the welfare assessment process, which must be as reliable and objective as possible and require the use of appropriate indicators. Fully outlined in reference documents, these are summarized at the level of specific farming situations for easy reference. Concluding with the different ways of improving animal welfare, the book takes a holistic approach, considering the animals' physical and social environment, the integrated management of their health, the relationship between human and animal, the management of animal suffering, and treatment of animals during transportation and slaughter. Suitable for students and researchers of animal agriculture, animal science and veterinary medicine, this book provides an approachable and comprehensive coverage of this important topic.
Understanding Atmospheric Rivers Using Machine Learning (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Manish Kumar Goyal Shivam SinghThis book delves into the characterization, impacts, drivers, and predictability of atmospheric rivers (AR). It begins with the historical background and mechanisms governing AR formation, giving insights into the global and regional perspectives of ARs, observing their varying manifestations across different geographical contexts. The book explores the key characteristics of ARs, from their frequency and duration to intensity, unraveling the intricate relationship between atmospheric rivers and precipitation. The book also focus on the intersection of ARs with large-scale climate oscillations, such as El Niño and La Niña events, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The chapters help understand how these climate phenomena influence AR behavior, offering a nuanced perspective on climate modeling and prediction. The book also covers artificial intelligence (AI) applications, from pattern recognition to prediction modeling and early warning systems. A case study on AR prediction using deep learning models exemplifies the practical applications of AI in this domain. The book culminates by underscoring the interdisciplinary nature of AR research and the synergy between atmospheric science, climatology, and artificial intelligence
Understanding Audio
by Daniel M. Thompson(Berklee Guide). Understanding Audio explores the fundamentals of audio and acoustics that impact every stage of the music recording process. Whether you are a musician setting up your first Pro Tools project studio, or you are a seasoned recording engineer or producer eager to find a reference that fills in the gaps in your understanding of audio, this book is for you. Understanding Audio will enable you to develop a thorough understanding of the underlying principles of sound, and take some of the mystery and guesswork out of how equipment setup affects the quality of your recordings. Projects at the end of each chapter will assist you in applying these principles to your own recording environment. Learn about: * Basic and advanced audio theory * Cables and studio wiring * Recording studio and console signal flow * Digital and analog audio * Studio and listening room acoustics * Psychoacoustics * "In the Studio" insights, relating audio principles to real recording situations
Understanding Autism: From Basic Neuroscience to Treatment
by Steven O. Moldin John L.R. RubensteinTaking an all-inclusive look at the subject, Understanding Autism: From Basic Neuroscience to Treatment reviews state-of-the-art research on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of autism. The book addresses potential mechanisms that may underlie the development of autism and the neural systems that are likely to be affected by these molecular,
Understanding Batch Chemical Processes: Modelling and Case Studies
by Thokozani Majozi Esmael R. Seid Jui-Yuan LeeBatch chemical processes, so often employed in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical fields, differ significantly from standard continuous operations in the emphasis upon time as a critical factor in their synthesis and design. With this inclusive guide to batch chemical processes, the author introduces the reader to key aspects in mathematical modeling of batch processes and presents techniques to overcome the computational complexity in order to yield models that are solvable in near real-time. This book demonstrates how batch processes can be analyzed, synthesized, and designed optimally using proven mathematical formulations. The text effectively demonstrates how water and energy aspects can be incorporated within the scheduling framework that seeks to capture the essence of time. It presents real-life case studies where mathematical modeling of batch plants has been successfully applied.
Understanding Behaviorism: Behavior, Culture, and Evolution
by William M. BaumUnderstanding Behaviorism is a classic textbook that explains the basis of behavior analysis and its application to human problems in a scholarly but accessible manner. Now in its third edition, the text has been substantially updated to include the latest developments over the last decade in behaviour analysis, evolutionary theory, and cultural evolution theory The only book available that explains behavior analysis and applies it to philosophical and practical problems, written by one of today’s best-known and most highly respected behaviorists Explores ancient concepts such as purpose, language, knowledge, and thought, as well as applying behavioural thinking to contemporary social issues like freedom, democracy, and culture Part of the new evolutionary perspective for understanding individual behavior in general and culture in particular – culminates with practical approaches to improving the lives of all humanity
Understanding Bioanalytical Chemistry
by Victor A. Gault Neville H. Mcclenaghan"The title captures the ethos and content precisely. It brings basic chemistry into real life with examples that illustrate how chemical principals are inherent to bioanalytical procedures, making them accessible to readers with a background in life sciences." -Microbiology Today, July 2009"... a good overview of the basic strategies to tackle the complexity of analysis in biological environments and provides some illustrative examples for a better understanding of the theoretical concepts... provides a fundamental introduction to the tools adopted by life and health scientists in the evolving and exciting new age of "omics" specifically applied to the diagnosis, treatment, cure and prevention of disease..." -Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, October 2009Although chemistry is core to the life and health sciences, it is often viewed as a challenging subject.Conventional textbooks tend to present chemistry in a way that is not always easily accessible to students, particularly those coming from diverse educational backgrounds, who may not have formally studied chemistry before.This prompted the authors to write this particular textbook, taking a new, fresh and innovative approach to teaching and learning of chemistry, focusing on bioanalysis to set knowledge in context. This textbook is primarily targeted to undergraduate life and health science students, but may be a useful resource for practising scientists in a range of disciplines.In this textbook the authors have covered basic principles, terminology and core technologies, which include key modern experimental techniques and equipment used to analyse important biomolecules in diagnostic, industrial and research settings.Written by two authors with a wealth of experience in teaching, research and academic enterprise, this textbook represents an invaluable tool for students and instructors across the diverse range of biological and health science courses.Key Features:Innovative, stand alone teaching and learning resource to enhance delivery of undergraduate chemistry provision to life and health scientists. Develops student knowledge and understanding of core concepts with reference to relevant, real-life, examples. Clearly written and user-friendly, with numerous full colour illustrations, annotated images, diagrams and tables to enhance learning. Incorporates a modern approach to teaching and learning to motivate the reader and encourage student-centred learning. Dr Victor Gault has been named recipient of the Rising Star Award 2009 by the internationally acclaimed European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).
Understanding Bioinformatics
by Jeremy O. Baum Marketa ZvelebilSuitable for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates, Understanding Bioinformatics provides a definitive guide to this vibrant and evolving discipline. The book takes a conceptual approach. It guides the reader from first principles through to an understanding of the computational techniques and the key algorithms. Understanding Bioinformatics is an invaluable companion for students from their first encounter with the subject through to more advanced studies. The book is divided into seven parts, with the opening part introducing the basics of nucleic acids, proteins and databases. Subsequent parts are divided into 'Applications' and 'Theory' Chapters, allowing readers to focus their attention effectively. In each section, the Applications Chapter provides a fast and straightforward route to understanding the main concepts and 'getting started'. Each of these is then followed by Theory Chapters which give greater detail and present the underlying mathematics. In Part 2, Sequence Alignments, the Applications Chapter shows the reader how to get started on producing and analyzing sequence alignments, and using sequences for database searching, while the next two chapters look closely at the more advanced techniques and the mathematical algorithms involved. Part 3 covers evolutionary processes and shows how bioinformatics can be used to help build phylogenetic trees. Part 4 looks at the characteristics of whole genomes. In Parts 5 and 6 the focus turns to secondary and tertiary structure – predicting structural conformation and analysing structure-function relationships. The last part surveys methods of analyzing data from a set of genes or proteins of an organism and is rounded off with an overview of systems biology.The writing style of Understanding Bioinformatics is notable for its clarity, while the extensive, full-color artwork has been designed to present the key concepts with simplicity and consistency. Each chapter uses mind-maps and flow diagrams to give an overview of the conceptual links within each topic.
Understanding Biological Emergencies: From Bioterrorism to Pandemics
by Paula Stamps DustonThis book investigates the links between the main sources of biological emergencies and presents a comprehensive policy framework that seeks to achieve the ultimate goal of biological security.The work offers a new interdisciplinary approach to analyse the linkages between the three main sources of biological emergencies: intentional attacks, natural zoonotic transmission, and lab accidents. In doing so, the text describes the history of using nature to create a weapon, focusing on dispersal methods. The most important Select Agents for monitoring are described, with a special focus on anthrax and smallpox. The case studies presented include the use of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) in Iraq and the 2001 anthrax attack in the US. The policies that created the emergency preparedness system are analysed, and the current system is described in terms of their effectiveness in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The book concludes with some ideas and specific suggestions for moving from response to risk reduction and prevention.This book will be of much interest to students of biosecurity studies, public health, public policy, political science and international relations, and to professionals working in the fields of public health, public safety, medicine, nursing, and first responders as well as military personnel.
Understanding Biology
by Kenneth Mason Tod Duncan George Johnson Jonathan Losos Susan SingerA concise and engaging biology text for biology majors, Understanding Biology partnered with Connect emphasizes fundamentals concepts to help students better understand biology and focus on developing scientific skills. <p><p> Condensed chapters are centered on a learning path that serves to connect concepts within a chapter. The learning path begins with learning outcomes, which help students understand the core skills and concepts they should develop. Inquiry and Analysis cases help students build scientific skills, while scaffold end of chapter assessment ensures they not only grasp core concepts, but can also critically analyze and apply what they've learned. "Connecting the Concepts," a synthesis feature that ends every part, helps students understand the connections between biological concepts, thus helping them "see" the big picture.
Understanding Body Shapes of Animals: Shapes as mechanical constructions and Systems moving on minimal energy level
by Holger PreuschoftThis book discusses how and why animals evolved into particular shapes. The book identifies the physical laws which decide over the evolutionary (selective) value of body shape and morphological characters. Comparing the mechanical necessities with morphological details, the author attempts to understand how evolution works, and which sorts of limitations are set by selection.The book explains morphological traits in more biomechanical detail without getting lost in physics, or in methods. Most emphasis is placed on the proximate question, namely the identification of the mechanical stresses which must be sustained by the respective body parts, when they move the body or its parts against resistance.In the first part of the book the focus is on ‘primitive’ animals and later on the emphasis shifts to highly specialized mammals. Readers will learn more about living and fossil animals.A section of the book is dedicated to human evolution but not to produce another evolutionary tree, nor to refine a former one, but to contribute to answering the question: “WHY early humans have developed their particular body shape".
Understanding Brain Aging and Dementia: A Life Course Approach
by Lawrence WhalleyThe life course method compares an individual's long-life and late-life behaviors to gauge one's mental decay. Arguing the life course approach is the best and simplest model for tracking mental development, Lawrence J. Whalley unlocks the mysteries of brain functionality, illuminating the processes that affect the brain during aging, the causes behind these changes, and effective coping strategies. Whalley identifies the genetic factors that determine the pace of aging and the behaviors, starting in childhood, that influence how we age. Through vignettes, charts, and tables, he composes an accessible book for patients, family members, and caretakers struggling to make sense of a complex experience.