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Theoretisches Philosophieren und Lebensweltorientierung: Ein Wegweiser für Hochschule und Schule (Philosophische Bildung in Schule und Hochschule)
by Bettina Bussmann Philipp MayrDie globalen Veränderungen fordern unser Wissen über die Welt und über uns selbst heraus. Der Klimawandel, die globale Covid-19-Pandemie und Konflikte um die Bedeutung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse führen uns unweigerlich zu einer Vielzahl komplexer philosophischer Fragen. Dabei rücken verstärkt Themen der theoretischen Philosophie in den Vordergrund: Was ist eigentlich Wissen? Auf welche Informationen können wir uns verlassen? Ist die Wahrheit relativ? Was macht ExpertInnen aus? Was ist gute wissenschaftliche Praxis? Was bedeutet ‚evidenzbasiert‘? Welchen sozialen und globalen Einflüssen ist unser Wissenserwerb ausgesetzt? In der Ausbildung von Philosophie- und Ethikstudierenden gibt es oft eine große Scheu, Disziplinen wie Erkenntnistheorie und Wissenschaftsphilosophie zu erlernen und zu unterrichten. Zu abstrakt und lebensweltlich irrelevant, sagen viele. Dieses Buch soll diese Berührungsängste beseitigen helfen, indem die theoretischen Grundlagen auf die Probleme der Gegenwart angewendet und mit vielseitigen Methoden erschlossen werden. Zwei Ziele stehen im Vordergrund: Zum einen soll deutlich werden, dass die Beschäftigung mit theoretischer Philosophie für das persönliche und das gesellschaftliche Zusammenleben von zentraler Bedeutung ist. Zum anderen zeigen eine Reihe didaktischer Tools, wie man Lernende dabei aktiv in den Lernprozess miteinbezieht.
Theorie der Elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit: EMV-Anforderungen, Allgemeines EMV-Modell, Störquellen, Kopplungsmodelle, Maßnahmen und EMV-Nachweis.
by Hans-Jürgen MeckelburgDas Buch vermittelt ein grundlegendes Verständnis für die Prinzipien und Verfahren der Elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit. Es gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über alles, was man über EMV wissen sollte. Aufbauend auf dem „Allgemeinen Verträglichkeits-Modell“, das zum ersten Mal in einem Lehrbuch entwickelt wird, ergibt sich der logische Aufbau des Buches. Die Abstrahlung von Störungen von Stromkreisen, die Ausbreitung von Störungen als geführte Wellen zwischen Leitern und der Erde oder Masse sowie die Schirmwirkung abgeschirmter Leitungen wird zum ersten Mal in einem Lehrbuch feldtheoretisch abgeleitet und bewiesen. EMV-Anforderungen sind in fast allen Ländern der Erde gesetzlich vorgeschrieben. Da in Normen keine Grundlagen erläutert werden, sind viele Anforderungen nicht unmittelbar nachvollziehbar. Das Buch kann dabei helfen, die Anforderungen richtig einzuordnen. Die hierfür erforderlichen mathematischen Methoden, wie zeitharmonische Vorgänge, Signalanalyse, Vektoranalysis und Feldtheorie werden zugeschnitten für die Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit im Anhang dargestellt.
Theorie der Fermiflüssigkeit in Metallen: Ein kompakter Überblick als Einführung in die Theoretische Festkörperphysik (essentials)
by Michael KinzaDieses essential bietet einen kompakten Einstieg in die Theorie der Fermiflüssigkeit für Physikstudierende im Hauptstudium. Sie bildet die Grundlage für ein Verständnis der Theoretischen Festkörperphysik und ist Bestandteil jeder Einführungsvorlesung zu diesem Thema. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über das Sommerfeld-Modell der Metalle wird das Konzept des Quasiteilchens eingeführt. In ausführlichen Rechnungen werden wichtige, eine Fermiflüssigkeit charakterisierende Messgrößen hergeleitet. Das essential schließt mit einem Überblick über die mikroskopische Theorie der Fermiflüssigkeit.
Theorien in der naturwissenschaftsdidaktischen Forschung
by Dirk Krüger Ilka Parchmann Horst ScheckerDas Buch stellt wichtige theoretische Konzepte für die naturwissenschaftsdidaktische Forschung vor. Diese bilden die Grundlage für die Herleitung naturwissenschaftsdidaktischer Fragen und Hypothesen und die Entwicklung eines Forschungsdesigns. Das Buch liefert eine Basis, um im Rahmen von Bachelor-, Master- oder Promotionsarbeiten den aktuellen Forschungsstand weiter zu entwickeln. Ziel ist es, Nachwuchsforschern ein begriffliches Gerüst für das eigene Vorgehen zu geben, Ergebniserwartungen begründbar zu machen und Ergebnisse in der Auswertung zu erklären. Dem interdisziplinären Autorenteam gelingt es, durch ihre Forschungserfahrung den aktuellen Wissensstand von der Theorie bis zur Anwendung profund darzulegen. Durch die interdisziplinäre Herangehensweise wird der fachübergreifende Nutzen der beschriebenen Theorien besonders deutlich. Das Buch ergänzt den Band „Theorien in der biologiedidaktischen Forschung“ und steht in einer Reihe mit dem Band „Methoden in der naturwissenschaftsdidaktischen Forschung“.
Theories and Methods for Minimizing Cadmium Pollution in Crops: Case Studies on Water Spinach
by Zhongyi Yang Chuntao He Junliang XinThe cadmium (Cd) contamination has raised increasingly global concern on food safety. The book was composed to bring comprehensive and valuable thoughts about the food safety management against heavy metal contamination. In this book, current status of cadmium contamination in agricultural soils and crops is systematically summarized. In order to reduce the risk of Cd pollution in crops, Cd pollution-safe cultivar (Cd-PSC) strategy, i.e. identifying, breeding and applying the cultivars with particularly low Cd accumulation capacity in edible parts even when grown in Cd contaminated soil, is proposed as a most effective, low-cost and environmental-friendly method for minimizing Cd pollution in crops. To describe the framework of the Cd-PSC strategy, a series research results on water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) are summarized as a typical case. The latest findings about the Cd-PSCs of water spinach, including cultivar variation in shoot Cd accumulation, identification and verification of low- and high-Cd accumulating cultivars, stability of Cd accumulation capacity at the cultivar level, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of the cultivar-dependent Cd uptake, transfer and accumulation, breeding methods for improving Cd-PSCs, and so on, have been covered. This book will provide valuable theoretical and practical understandings for controlling Cd pollution in crops grown on agricultural soils with known or unknown risk of Cd contamination.
Theories in Ecological Risk Assessment (Theoretical Biology)
by Masashi KamoThis book introduces various mathematical models used in ecological risk assessment, primarily discussing models used in hazard assessment. The book aims to link ecology and conservation biology with risk assessments, bringing together the knowledge of ecotoxicology and ecology for effective risk assessment. The first part describes population-level assessment in ecological risk assessment. The chapters cover current methodologies for ecological risk assessment, individual-level assessment, population dynamics models for population-level assessment, case studies, mathematical models for population extinctions, the derivation of mean time to extinction (MTE) and their case studies. The second part of the book discusses the mathematical models involved in hazard assessments. It introduces the method of risk assessment using species sensitivity distributions (SSDs), hazard assessment of metals, chemical mixtures using the Michaelis-Menten equation, basic elements of statistics and related topics. Expected readers are risk assessors in governments and public sectors, students and young researchers interested in environmental science. The book is made accessible and easy to follow by beginners in mathematical biology and theoretical ecology.
Theories of Figures of Celestial Bodies
by Wenceslas S. JardetzkySuitable for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students, this text explores the most exact methods used in the theory of figures of equilibrium. It also examines problems concerning the figures of celestial bodies, including invariable or varying figures, zonal rotation, systems composed of fluid and rigid parts, and more. 1958 edition.
Theories of Hypnosis: Current Models and Perspectives
by Steven J. Lynn Judith W. RhueA survey of current theories of hypnosis along with relevant research.
Theories of Illness: World Survey
by George Peter MurdockTheories of Illness establishes a new landmark in comparative studies. Utilizing concepts from modern medicine and anthropological theory, Professor Murdock distinguishes the natural causes of illness from theories of supernatural causation. He subdivides the latter into theories of illness that are related to aggression (witchcraft, sorcery, and spirit aggression) and those which are related to guilt and a sense of sin (taboo violation and mystical retribution). Obviously, these relate to man's most basic beliefs as revealed in early religions.
Theories of Information, Communication and Knowledge: A Multidisciplinary Approach
by Thomas M Dousa Fidelia Ibekwe-SanjuanThis book addresses some of the key questions that scientists have been asking themselves for centuries: what is knowledge? What is information? How do we know that we know something? How do we construct meaning from the perceptions of things? Although no consensus exists on a common definition of the concepts of information and communication, few can reject the hypothesis that information - whether perceived as « object » or as « process » - is a pre-condition for knowledge. Epistemology is the study of how we know things (anglophone meaning) or the study of how scientific knowledge is arrived at and validated (francophone conception). To adopt an epistemological stance is to commit oneself to render an account of what constitutes knowledge or in procedural terms, to render an account of when one can claim to know something. An epistemological theory imposes constraints on the interpretation of human cognitive interaction with the world. It goes without saying that different epistemological theories will have more or less restrictive criteria to distinguish what constitutes knowledge from what is not. If information is a pre-condition for knowledge acquisition, giving an account of how knowledge is acquired should impact our comprehension of information and communication as concepts. While a lot has been written on the definition of these concepts, less research has attempted to establish explicit links between differing theoretical conceptions of these concepts and the underlying epistemological stances. This is what this volume attempts to do. It offers a multidisciplinary exploration of information and communication as perceived in different disciplines and how those perceptions affect theories of knowledge.
Theories of Population Variation in Genes and Genomes (Princeton Series in Theoretical and Computational Biology #4)
by Freddy Bugge ChristiansenThis textbook provides an authoritative introduction to both classical and coalescent approaches to population genetics. Written for graduate students and advanced undergraduates by one of the world's leading authorities in the field, the book focuses on the theoretical background of population genetics, while emphasizing the close interplay between theory and empiricism. Traditional topics such as genetic and phenotypic variation, mutation, migration, and linkage are covered and advanced by contemporary coalescent theory, which describes the genealogy of genes in a population, ultimately connecting them to a single common ancestor. Effects of selection, particularly genomic effects, are discussed with reference to molecular genetic variation. The book is designed for students of population genetics, bioinformatics, evolutionary biology, molecular evolution, and theoretical biology--as well as biologists, molecular biologists, breeders, biomathematicians, and biostatisticians. Contains up-to-date treatment of key areas in classical and modern theoretical population genetics Provides in-depth coverage of coalescent theory Discusses genomic effects of selection Gives examples from empirical population genetics Incorporates figures, diagrams, and boxed features throughout Includes end-of-chapter exercises Speaks to a wide range of students in biology, bioinformatics, and biostatistics
Theories of the World from Antiquity to the Copernican Revolution: Second Revised Edition
by Michael J. CroweThis newly revised edition of Professor Crowe's accessible and enlightening book recreates one of the most dramatic developments in the history of thought: the change from an earth-centered to a sun-centered conception of the solar system. Written in a clear and straightforward manner, the work is organized around a hypothetical debate: Given the evidence available in 1615, which planetary system (Ptolemaic, Copernican, Tychonic, etc.) was most deserving of support?Beginning with an introductory chapter on celestial motions, Dr. Crowe proceeds to a discussion of Greek astronomy before Ptolemy, mathematical techniques used by ancient astronomers, the Ptolemaic system, the Copernican and Tychonic systems, and the contributions of Kepler and Galileo. In an epilogue, quotes from writers, philosophers, and scientists reveal the impact of Copernican thought on their work. Easily within the reach of anyone with a background in high school mathematics, this absorbing study offers a sound introduction to our solar system and an opportunity to relive one of the most momentous periods in intellectual history.
Theorizing Outdoor Recreation and Ecology (Leisure Studies in a Global Era)
by Sean RyanDeciding what user impacts are natural or unnatural has inspired much debate. Biophysically, moose cause similar kinds of soil and vegetation impacts as hikers. Yet moose are the sign of nature while hikers are the sign of damage. The field of outdoor recreation is beset with paradoxes, and this book presents a unique, alternative framework to address these dilemmas. Examining outdoor recreation through the lens of ecological theory, Ryan draws from theorists such as Foucault, Derrida and Latour. The book explores minimum impact strategies designed to protect and enhance ecological integrity, but that also require a disturbing amount of policing of users, which runs counter to the freedom users seek. Recent ecological theory suggests that outdoor recreation's view of nature as balanced when impacts are removed is outdated and incorrect. What is needed, and indeed Ryan presents, is a paradoxical and ecological view of humans as neither natural nor unnatural, a view that embraces some traces in nature.
Theorizing the Future of Science Education Research (Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education #49)
by Vaughan Prain Brian HandThis book reviews the current state of theoretical accounts of the what and how of science learning in schools. The book starts out by presenting big-picture perspectives on key issues. In these first chapters, it focuses on the range of resources students need to acquire and refine to become successful learners. It examines meaningful learner purposes and processes for doing science, and structural supports to optimize cognitive engagement and success. Subsequent chapters address how particular purposes, resources and experiences can be conceptualized as the basis to understand current practices. They also show how future learning opportunities should be designed, lived and reviewed to promote student engagement/learning. Specific topics include insights from neuro-imaging, actor-network theory, the role of reasoning in claim-making for learning in science, and development of disciplinary literacies, including writing and multi-modal meaning-making. All together the book offers leads to science educators on theoretical perspectives that have yielded valuable insights into science learning. In addition, it proposes new agendas to guide future practices and research in this subject.
Theory, Analysis and Design of RF Interferometric Sensors
by Seoktae Kim Cam NguyenTheory, Analysis and Design of RF Interferometric Sensors presents the theory, analysis and design of RF interferometric sensors. RF interferometric sensors are attractive for various sensing applications that require every fine resolution and accuracy as well as fast speed. The book also presents two millimeter-wave interferometric sensors realized using RF integrated circuits. The developed millimeter-wave homodyne sensor shows sub-millimeter resolution in the order of 0.05 mm without correction for the non-linear phase response of the sensor's quadrature mixer. The designed millimeter-wave double-channel homodyne sensor provides a resolution of only 0.01 mm, or 1/840th of the operating wavelength, and can inherently suppress the non-linearity of the sensor's quadrature mixer. The experimental results of displacement and velocity measurement are presented as a way to demonstrate the sensing ability of the RF interferometry and to illustrate its many possible applications in sensing. The book is succinct, yet the material is very much self-contained, enabling readers with an undergraduate background in electrical engineering or physics with some experiences or graduate courses in RF circuits to understand easily.
Theory and Analysis of Elastic Plates and Shells (Series in Systems and Control)
by null J. N. ReddyBecause plates and shells are common structural elements in aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering structures, engineers must understand the behavior of such structures through the study of theory and analysis. Compiling this information into a single volume, Theory and Analysis of Elastic Plates and Shells, Second Edition presents a complete
Theory and Application of Acoustic Sources Using Complex Analysis: Complex Acoustic Sources, Green’s Functions and Half-Space Problems, Acoustic Radiation and Scattering Using Equivalent Source and Boundary Element Methods
by Martin Ochmann Rafael PiscoyaThis book highlights the mathematical and physical properties of acoustical sources with singularities located in the complex plane and presents the application of such special elements to solve acoustical radiation and scattering problems. Sources whose origin lies in the complex plane are also solutions of the wave equation but possess different radiating properties as their counterparts with real positions. Such mathematical constructions are known in the fields of optics and electrodynamics, but they are not common in acoustical research. The objective of the book is to introduce this concept to acousticians and motivate them to engage themselves in further research and application of complex sources. Such sources are particularly useful to formulate Green’s functions and related equivalent source and boundary element methods in half-spaces.
Theory and Application of Hydraulic Modeling: Interaction between Wave and Ground Motion
by Taro ArikawaThis edited volume from Japan’s Research Subcommittee on Methodology for Dealing with Geomaterials in Hydraulic Model Experiments presents readers with a state-of-the-art overview of experimental and computational methods used to address similarity scaling incompatibilities present in fluid–sediment flows.Readers will gain an understanding of complex phenomena in the boundary fields of hydraulics and geotechnical engineering. Chapter contributors focus on the phenomena that are affected by the interactions between fluid wave and ground in a complex field, which for many years have been challenging to process and model. In addition to describing the implementation of model tests and the concept of the law of similarity, this book contrasts these phenomena with the laws of similarity, describes models and numeral analysis methods, and explains important considerations using experimental case studies. Each chapter is written by leading researchers in Japan who are members of the Research Subcommittee on Methodology for Dealing with Geomaterials in Hydraulic Model Experiments. The chapters are closely linked but are written so that each can be read individually. Readers will be able to apply this knowledge to their work and to create models that more accurately simulate the interactions between wave and ground, allowing them to better understand these phenomena and devise more appropriate strategies for defense and so on when necessary.This collection provides information that can be used by young researchers and post-graduate students in the boundary fields of hydraulics and geotechnical engineering who aim at becoming civil engineers, and it will be of particular value to practicing engineers of all experience levels who must regularly analyze complex interactions between fluids and ground.
Theory and Application of Rare Earth Materials
by Changzhen WangThis book starts with a theoretical introduction of the rare earth materials, and it subsequently analyzes the essential characteristics of these materials from elements, compounds to physical chemistry and metal materials, etc. Under the supplementary explanation of experimental data and results, the research is gradually guided into the multi-domain application scene. Through extensive analyses, this book displays comprehensively the distinguished values of the rare earth materials and the theoretical, empirical, and practical significance of rare earth materials is unraveled. It also covers an exhaustive review of 17 rare earth elements, their characteristics, and more possibilities in physical chemistry, functional materials, metallurgy, composites and engineering, and their prospects in production and technical applications. In-depth account of the whole spectrum of rare earth material research makes this book a unique reference to academic researchers, students, and engineers.
Theory and Applications of Applied Electromagnetics
by Ping Jack Jack Soh Hamzah Asyrani Asyrani Sulaiman Mohd Azlishah Azlishah Othman Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Zoinol Abidin Abd. Aziz Mohd Fareq Fareq Abd MalekIn this book, experts from academia and industry present the latest advances in scientific theory relating to applied electromagnetics and examine current and emerging applications particularly within the fields of electronics, communications, and computer technology. The book is based on presentations delivered at APPEIC 2015, the 2nd Applied Electromagnetic International Conference, held in Krabi, Thailand in December 2015. The conference provided an ideal platform for researchers and specialists to deliver both theoretically and practically oriented contributions on a wide range of topics relevant to the theme of nurturing applied electromagnetics for human technology. Many novel aspects were addressed, and the contributions selected for this book highlight the relevance of advances in applied electromagnetics to a variety of industrial engineering problems and identify exciting futu re directions for research.
Theory and Applications of Applied Electromagnetics
by Hamzah Asyrani Sulaiman Mohd Azlishah Othman Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Abd. Aziz Mohd Fareq Abd MalekIn this book, experts from academia and industry present the latest advances in scientific theory relating to applied electromagnetics and examine current and emerging applications particularly within the fields of electronics, communications, and computer technology. The book is based on presentations delivered at APPEIC 2014, the 1st Applied Electromagnetic International Conference, held in Bandung, Indonesia in December 2014. The conference provided an ideal platform for researchers and specialists to deliver both theoretically and practically oriented contributions on a wide range of topics relevant to the theme of nurturing applied electromagnetics for human technology. Many novel aspects were addressed, and the contributions selected for this book highlight the relevance of advances in applied electromagnetics to a variety of industrial engineering problems and identify exciting future directions for research.
Theory and Applications of Heat Transfer in Humans
by Devashish ShrivastavaAn authoritative guide to theory and applications of heat transfer in humans Theory and Applications of Heat Transfer in Humans 2V Set offers a reference to the field of heating and cooling of tissue, and associated damage. The author—a noted expert in the field—presents, in this book, the fundamental physics and physiology related to the field, along with some of the recent applications, all in one place, in such a way as to enable and enrich both beginner and advanced readers. The book provides a basic framework that can be used to obtain ‘decent’ estimates of tissue temperatures for various applications involving tissue heating and/or cooling, and also presents ways to further develop more complex methods, if needed, to obtain more accurate results. The book is arranged in three sections: The first section, named ‘Physics’, presents fundamental mathematical frameworks that can be used as is or combined together forming more complex tools to determine tissue temperatures; the second section, named ‘Physiology’, presents ideas and data that provide the basis for the physiological assumptions needed to develop successful mathematical tools; and finally, the third section, named ‘Applications’, presents examples of how the marriage of the first two sections are used to solve problems of today and tomorrow. This important text is the vital resource that: Offers a reference book in the field of heating and cooling of tissue, and associated damage. Provides a comprehensive theoretical and experimental basis with biomedical applications Shows how to develop and implement both, simple and complex mathematical models to predict tissue temperatures Includes simple examples and results so readers can use those results directly or adapt them for their applications Designed for students, engineers, and other professionals, a comprehensive text to the field of heating and cooling of tissue that includes proven theories with applications. The author reveals how to develop simple and complex mathematical models, to predict tissue heating and/or cooling, and associated damage.
Theory and Applications of the Empirical Valence Bond Approach: From Physical Chemistry to Chemical Biology
by Arieh Warshel Fernanda Duarte Shina Caroline KamerlinA comprehensive overview of current empirical valence bond (EVB) theory and applications, one of the most powerful tools for studying chemical processes in the condensed phase and in enzymes. Discusses the application of EVB models to a broad range of molecular systems of chemical and biological interest, including reaction dynamics, design of artificial catalysts, and the study of complex biological problems Edited by a rising star in the field of computational enzymology Foreword by Nobel laureate Arieh Warshel, who first developed the EVB approach
Theory and Best Practices in Science Communication Training (Routledge Studies in Environmental Communication and Media)
by Todd NewmanThis edited volume reports on the growing body of research in science communication training, and identifies best practices for communication training programs around the world. Theory and Best Practices in Science Communication Training provides a critical overview of the emerging field of by analyzing the role of communication training in supporting scientists’ communication and engagement goals, including scientists’ motivations to engage in training, the design of training programs, methods for evaluation, and frameworks to support the role of communication training in helping scientists reach their communication and engagement goals. This volume reflects the growth of the field and provides direction for developing future researcher-practitioner collaborations. With contributions from researchers and practitioners from around the world, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars and, professionals within this emerging field.
Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields
by Jian-Ming JinThis book is intended to serve as a textbook for an entry level graduate course on electromagnetics (first seven chapters) and for an advanced level graduate course on computational electromagnetics (last five chapters). Whereas there are several textbooks available for the graduate electromagnetics course, no textbook is available for the advanced course on computational electromagnetics. This book is intended to fill this void and present electromagnetic theory in a systematic manner so that students can advance from the first course to the second without much difficulty. Even though the first part of the book covers the standard basic electromagnetic theory, the coverage is different from that in existing textbooks. This is mainly the result of the undergraduate curriculum reform that occurred during the past two decades. Many universities reduced the number of required courses in order to give students more freedom to design their own portfolio. As a result, only one electromagnetics course is required for undergraduate students in most electrical engineering departments in the country. New graduate students come to take the graduate electromagnetics course with a significant difference in their knowledge of basic electromagnetic theory. To meet the challenge to benefit all students of backgrounds, this book covers both fundamental theories, such as vector analysis, Maxwell's equations and boundary conditions, and transmission line theory, and advanced topics, such as wave transformation, addition theorems, and scattering by a layered sphere.