- Table View
- List View
Thermoforming: Processing and Technology
by Muralisrinivasan Natamai SubramanianThis book is a comprehensive reference manual that contains essential information on thermoforming processing and technology. The field of thermoforming is experiencing rapid development driven by commercial factors; millions of tons of polymers are manufactured for use in various applications, both as commodity and specialty polymers. Building on the previous edition published about ten years ago, this edition includes new, as well as, fully revised chapters and updated information on materials and processes. The book is designed to provide practitioners with essential information on processing and technology in a concise manner. The book caters to both engineers and experts by providing introductory aspects, background information, and an overview of thermoforming processing and technology. The troubleshooting section includes flowcharts to assist in correcting thermoforming processes. >em>Thermoforming: Processing and Technology offers a complete account of thermoplastics, covering properties and forming, with chapters providing perspective on the technologies involved. Readers will find it: serves as a handy knowledge source for professionals who occasionally work on thermoforming projects or need to refresh their knowledge; offers a troubleshooting guide that can help to identify and solve challenges that may arise in thermoforming processes; provides insights into process optimization, helping businesses improve efficiency, reduce waste, and enhance the quality of thermoformed products; acts as a course book to inform students about the thermoforming process. Audience The book will be of interest to mechanical, materials engineers, and process engineers who are involved in designing and optimizing thermoforming processes; professionals in the manufacturing and production industries who use thermoforming as a manufacturing method, such as in the production of plastic packaging, automotive components, and consumer goods; scientists, researchers, and students in plastics/polymer engineering and technology, materials science, polymer technology; professionals responsible for ensuring product quality and compliance with industry standards.
Thermogenic Fat: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2662)
by Irfan J. LodhiThis volume presents a broad collection of state-of-the-art methods to study the biology of thermogenic fat using in vitro cell culture and animal models. Chapters guide the readers through protocols on differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells and murine adipocyte precursors; methods for measuring mitochondrial respiration, heat generation, brown fat activation, and effects on energy metabolism in mice; and techniques for AAV-mediated gene delivery, transplantation of adipose tissue, isolation of adipose tissue immune cells and extracellular vesicles, and mass spectrometry-based profiling of brown fat lipids. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and methods, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Thermogenic Fat: Methods and Protocols aims to be comprehensive guide for researchers in the field.
Thermogenic Fat
by Jun WuThis volume presents a collection of protocols that describe methodologies to study thermogenic fat biology from various angles. This book is divided into 2 parts. Part 1 focuses on establishing in vitro culture systems. The chapters in this section introduce techniques on how to isolate, culture, and differentiate primary fat cells from both laboratory mice and humans. This part also presents flow cytometry methods to isolate various subpopulations of precursors within the stromal vascular fraction of the adipose tissue, which contains both preadipocytes and immune cells. Part 2 introduces multiple means to genetically manipulate and evaluate brown and beige fat in vivo. The chapters in this section explore methods on bioenergetics analyses both in vitro and in vivo. They also cover how to evaluate thermogenic fat contents and activity in humans, how to culture these cells though interdisciplinary approaches, and how to use thermogenic fat cell lines to carry out drug screens. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Thermogenic Fat: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both experts and novices who are interested in learning assays and investigating brown and beige fat functions.
Thermografie: Theorie, Messtechnik, Praxis
by Eric RahneDAS maßgebliche Werk zur Thermografie auf dem deutschen Markt! Der berührungslosen Temperaturmessung begegnet man auf vielen Gebieten - von industriellen Anwendungen in Forschung und Entwicklung bis hin zu militärischen und behördlichen Überwachungsaufgaben. Die Thermografie findet auch vielseitige Verwendung im akademischen und ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Bereich, beispielsweise in der Leistungselektronik, für biologische und chemische Experimente sowie für medizinische Untersuchungen. Geschrieben von einem Praktiker mit mehr als 20 Jahren Berufserfahrung, vereint das Buch die Theorie und Praxis der Thermografie von den grundlegenden physikalischen Zusammenhängen ausgehend über die messtechnischen Grenzen und die notwendigen Messbedingungen hin bis zu praktischen Hinweisen für konkrete Anwendungsfälle. Unerreicht in Umfang und Detailtiefe, richtet sich Thermografie - Theorie, Messtechnik, Praxis an Ingenieure für Mess- und Regelungstechnik, Anwendungsentwickler, Physiker in der Industrie, Ingenieure für Bauwesen, medizinische Laboratoriensowie an die Sensor- und Automobilindustrie.
Thermohydrodynamic Instability in Fluid-Film Bearings
by J. K. Wang M. M. KhonsariThermohydrodynamic Instability in Fluid-Film Bearings aims to establish instability criteria for a rotor-bearing system associated with fluid-film journal bearings.* It focuses on how the influencing factors such as rotor flexibility, manufacturing imperfections such as residual shaft unbalance, and service-related imperfections such as uneven wear affect the stability of a rotor-bearing system * It shows how the specific operating conditions such as oil inlet temperature, inlet pressure, and inlet position of a rotor-bearing system directly influence the system stability * General design guidelines have been summarized to guide the engineering system design and the correction of failure and/or malfunction
Thermoluminescence and Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (Routledge Revivals #3)
by Yigal S. HorowitzFirst Published in 1984, this set offers a comprehensive insight into thermolumiscence. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for radiobiologists and physicists and other practitioners in their respective fields.
Thermoluminescence & Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (Routledge Revivals #2)
by Yigal S. HorowitzFirst Published in 1984, this set offers a comprehensive insight into thermolumiscence. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for radiobiologists and physicists and other practitioners in their respective fields.
Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Inverse Problem Methodologies and Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials, Volume 6: Proceedings of the 2022 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics (Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series)
by Rachael C Tighe John Considine Sharlotte L. B. Kramer Tom BerfieldThermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Inverse Problem Methodologies and Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials, Volume 6 of the Proceedings of the 2022 SEM Annual Conference & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the sixth volume of six from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on a wide range of areas, including: Test Design and Inverse Method Algorithms Inverse Problems: Virtual Fields Method Material Characterizations Using Thermography Fatigue, Damage & Fracture Evaluation Using Infrared Thermography Residual Stress Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials
Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Inverse Problem Methodologies, Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials, and Advancements in Optical Methods & Digital Image Correlation, Volume 4: Proceedings of the 2021 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics (Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series)
by Cosme Furlong Ming-Tzer Lin Chi-Hung Hwang Sharlotte L. B. Kramer Rachael TigheThermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Inverse Problem Methodologies and Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials, and Advancement of Optical Methods & Digital Image Correlation, Volume 4 of the Proceedings of the 2021 SEM Annual Conference & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the fourth volume of four from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on a wide range of areas, including: Test Design and Inverse Method Algorithms Inverse Problems: Virtual Fields Method Material Characterizations Using Thermography Fatigue, Damage & Fracture Evaluation Using Infrared Thermography Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials DIC Methods & Its Applications Photoelasticity and Interferometry Applications Micro-Optics and Microscopic Systems Multiscale and New Developments in Optical Methods
Thermomorphogenesis: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2795)
by Meng ChenThis detailed collection explores thermomorphogenesis, a discipline that unravels the intricacies of warm temperature responses in plants. How plants perceive, interpret, and respond to elevated temperatures has far-reaching implications for agriculture, ecology, and our fundamental understanding of plant development, and this book presents techniques to help researchers delve into this area of study. Beginning with a section on thermomorphogenesis responses, the volume continues with numerous chapters on temperature sensing and temperature signaling. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Thermomorphogenesis: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to this vital subject for research laboratories, as well as for graduate and undergraduate laboratory courses in plant molecular biology.
Thermophiles: Biology and Technology at High Temperatures
by Frank Robb Garabed Antranikian Dennis Grogan Arnold DriessenWe might think of them as living on the very edge of existence. Referred to as extremophiles, these microorganisms exhibit the most radical capacity for adaptation in those harsh environments that are just barely conducive to the existence of cellular life. Unlocking the mechanisms and understanding the evolutionary development that allows these si
Thermophiles: The Keys to the Molecular Evolution and the Origin of Life?
by Juergen Wiegel Michael W. W. AdamsLate-1990s developments in the study of thermophiles have had considerable significance on theories of evolution. These micro-organisms are able to thrive at temperatures near or even above 100 degrees Celsius, and scientists have begun to study their biology in an attempt to provide clues about the beginnings of life on our planet.Researchers
Thermophiles for Biotech Industry: A Bioprocess Technology Perspective
by Jujjavarapu Satya Eswari Swasti Dhagat Ramkrishna SenThermophiles and hyperthermophiles exhibit great biotechnological potential, as they can be utilized in processes which require higher temperatures. This book comprehensively deals with all the aspects of thermophiles, starting from the source of these organisms to their latest applications. In addition it presents a compilation of all compounds produced by various thermophilic microorganisms. Due to their application in everyday life, the demands of enzymes that can work at higher temperature have been increasing. In order to keep pace with the increasing demand the industries have to search novel thermophiles producing their product of interest. Hence, this book will be of value for industries working on various biochemical products produced by these thermophiles as well as for scientists and research scholars working on microbiology and products derived from microorganisms.
Thermophilic Anaerobes: Phylogeny, Physiology and Biotechnological Applications (Grand Challenges in Biology and Biotechnology)
by Sean Michael Scully Johann OrlygssonHot environments are diverse environments that habor a wide variety of anaerobic microorganisms. Although the existence of thermophilic microorganisms has been known for over a century, it is only since the 1970s that warm environments inhabited by thermophiles have been studied in more detail. While aerobic thermophiles have received most of the interest, thermophilic anaerobes have received less attention. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects of thermophilic anaerobes, from their environments to their applications in biotechnology. The book is divided into three parts: 1) a general overview of thermophilic anaerobes, their history, environments, and phylogenetic relationships, 2) physiological aspects of thermophilic anaerobes and their mechanisms of thermal adaptation, and 3) the biotechnological applications of thermophiles for the production of biofuels and other chemical building blocks as well as their applications in specific industries. This comprehensive and up-to-date book, Thermophilic anaerobes - Phylogeny, Physiology and Biotechnological Applications, is a valuable resource for experienced researchers and early career scientists alike who want to learn more about this exciting and developing field.
Thermophilic Bacteria
by Jakob K. KristjanssonThermophilic Bacteria is a comprehensive volume that describes all major bacterial groups that can grow above 60-65°C (excluding the Archaea). Over 60 different species of aerobic and anaerobic thermophilic bacteria are covered. Isolation, growth methods, characterization and identification, ecology, metabolism, and enzymology of thermophilic bacteria are examined in detail, and an extensive compilation of recent biotechnological applications and the properties of many thermostable enzymes are also included.Major topics discussed in the book include a general review on thermophilic bacteria and archaea; heterotropic bacilli; the genus Thermus; new and rare genera of aerobic heterophophs, such as Saccharococcus, Rhodothermus, and Scotohermus; aerobic chemolithoautotrophic thermophilic bacteria; obligately anaerobic thermophilic bacteria; and hyperthermophilic Thermotogales and thermophilic phototrophs. Extensive bibliographies are also provided for each chapter. The vast amount of information packed into this one volume makes it essential for all microbiologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and students interested in the expanding field of thermophilicity. Biotechnologists will find the book useful as a source of information on thermophiles or thermostable enzymes of possible industrial use.
Thermophilic Carboxydotrophs and their Applications in Biotechnology
by Sonia M. Tiquia-ArashiroThe book describes the products produced by carboxydotrophic bacteria and their biotechnological applications. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a widespread pollutant and a hazard to man because of its extremely toxic nature. It is a major component of some industrial gas mixtures and may be derived from coal. The carboxydotrophic bacteria obtain energy and carbon from the oxidation of CO. These organisms may be used to produce new metabolites, and the oxidases from them may be used to produce fuel cells and biosensors for CO.
Thermophilic Fungi: Basic Concepts and Biotechnological Applications
by Raj SalarThis book aims to fill the gap by documenting thermophilic fungi discovered over the past five decades. The chapters spans from covering basic aspects, taxonomy and classification including molecular phyologeny and biotechnological applications of thermophilic fungi.
Thermophilic Microbes in Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology
by Jennifer Littlechild Tulasi Satyanarayana Yutaka KawarabayasiThe existence of life at high temperatures is quiet fascinating. At elevated temperatures, only microorganisms are capable of growth and survival. Many thermophilic microbial genera have been isolated from man-made (washing machines, factory effluents, waste streams and acid mine effluents) and natural (volcanic areas, geothermal areas, terrestrial hot springs, submarine hydrothermal vents, geothermally heated oil reserves and oil wells, sun-heated litter and soils/sediments) thermal habitats throughout the world. Both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches have been employed for understanding the diversity of microbes in hot environments. Interest in their diversity, ecology, and physiology has increased enormously during the past few decades as indicated by the deliberations in international conferences on extremophiles and thermophiles held every alternate year and papers published in journals such as Extremophiles. Thermophilic moulds and bacteria have been extensively studied in plant biomass bioconversion processes as sources of industrial enzymes and as gene donors. In the development of third generation biofuels such as bioethanol, thermophilic fungal and bacterial enzymes are of particular interest. The book is aimed at bringing together scattered up-to-date information on various aspects of thermophiles such as the diversity of thermophiles and viruses of thermophiles, their potential roles in pollution control and bioremediation, and composting.
Thermophotovoltaics
by Thomas BauerThermophotovoltaics is the science and technology associated with the direct generation of electricity from high temperature heat. Potential applications include combined heat and power, portable and auxiliary power, radioisotope space power, industrial waste heat recovery and concentrated solar power. This book aims at serving as an introduction to the underlying theory, overview of present day components and system arrangements, and update of the latest developments in the field. The emphasis is placed on the understanding of the critical aspects of efficient thermophotovoltaic system design. The aim is to assist researchers in the field.
Thermophysical Properties and Measuring Technique of Ge-Sb-Te Alloys for Phase Change Memory
by Rui LanThis book focuses on the thermophysical properties of Ge-Sb-Te alloys, which are the most widely used phase change materials, and the technique for measuring them. Describing the measuring procedure and parameter calibration in detail, it provides readers with an accurate method for determining the thermophysical properties of phase change materials and other related materials. Further, it discusses combining thermal and electrical conductivity data to analyze the conduction mechanism, allowing readers to gain an understanding of phase change materials and PCM industry simulation.
Thermophysical Properties of Heavy Petroleum Fluids (Petroleum Engineering)
by Bernardo Carreón-Calderón Verónica Uribe-Vargas Juan Pablo AguayoThis book addresses conventional and new predictive methodologies for estimating thermophysical properties of heavy petroleum fluids. For the unidentifiable fractions forming the fluids, chemical structures are calculated so that property estimation methods for mixtures of identifiable components are now available for such fractions. Chemical and multiphase equilibriums are of utmost importance; hence, the most significant ones involving heavy petroleum fluids are determined and illustrated using advanced equations of state such as sPC-SAFT and EoS/GE. The included phase equilibriums are phase envelopes of reservoir fluids, asymmetric mixtures between light solvents and bitumen including the presence of water and asphaltenes, among others. Besides, heavy petroleum fluids are analyzed from the Newtonian and non-Newtonian viewpoints, exploring their complex rheological behavior. Finally, complemented by online an Excel program for the thermodynamic characterization of unidentifiable petroleum fractions, this book is a useful resource for engineers and researchers in the petroleum industry and is also of interest to students studying chemical and petroleum engineering.
The Thermophysics of Porous Media (Monographs and Surveys in Pure and Applied Mathematics)
by T.J.T. SpanosModels for the mechanical behavior of porous media introduced more than 50 years ago are still relied upon today, but more recent work shows that, in some cases, they may violate the laws of thermodynamics. In The Thermophysics of Porous Media, the author shows that physical consistency requires a unique description of dynamic processes that involv
Thermoplasmonics: Heating Metal Nanoparticles Using Light
by Guillaume BaffouPlasmonics is an important branch of optics concerned with the interaction of metals with light. Under appropriate illumination, metal nanoparticles can exhibit enhanced light absorption, becoming nanosources of heat that can be precisely controlled. This book provides an overview of the exciting new field of thermoplasmonics and a detailed discussion of its theoretical underpinning in nanophotonics. This topic has developed rapidly in the last decade, and is now a highly-active area of research due to countless applications in nanoengineering and nanomedicine. These important applications include photothermal cancer therapy, drug and gene delivery, nanochemistry and photothermal imaging. This timely and self-contained text is suited to all researchers and graduate students working in plasmonics, nano-optics and thermal-induced processes at the nanoscale.
Thermoplasmonics: From Principles, Materials and Characterization to Engineering Applications
by Guohua LiuThis book is built on the recent advancements in understanding thermoplasmonics and highlights the exciting new directions that are shaping this field. Thermoplasmonics using light to heat nanostructures is a promising and rapidly expanding subfield of plasmonics. When the light frequency matches the oscillation frequency of free electrons on the nanostructures, it induces a collective oscillation known as plasmon resonance. This effect allows fantastic control over the optical field at sub-wavelength scales, enhancing the light-matter interaction to surmount the diffraction limits. The plasmon resonance is responsible for fascinating and tunable properties, such as local field enhancement, generation of hot electrons as well as the localized/collective heating. These energetic carriers and heat can be harvested to drive a wide range of physical and chemical processes, making them promising for different fields of science. In this book, we discuss the recent advances in understanding of thermoplasmonics and highlight some of the exciting new directions, covering aspects of its principles, materials, and characterization, along with the diverse applications. The basic fundamentals are first introduced from plasmonic theory and thermodynamics to the thermal-induced processes. Then, much effort is placed on examination of thermoplasmonic materials and the common synthesis methods. The strategies for proper material selection and rational structural design are summarized toward more efficient energy conversion. The synthesizing methods for novel nanostructures are presented with a goal to achieve optimal thermoplasmonic properties. Afterward, the characterization technologies for thermoplasmonics are also addressed, which involves analytic and computational approaches as well as nanoscale thermometry. For each application, the unique role of thermoplasmonics and their associated benefits are elaborated. Research trends and insights into the use of thermoplasmonics to improve performance are analyzed as well. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives in this field are pointed out in this book.
Thermoplastic Melt Rheology and Processing (Plastics Engineering)
by Aroon ShenoyPresents rheological data on a number of polymers, making use of the master curve approach to determine unified curves for each generic type of polymer. The text offers a step-by-step procedure for developing a speadsheet computer program to obtain accurate thermoplastic rheograms at any tempertature without using sophisticated rheometres. It inclu