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Weaving Self-Evidence: A Sociology of Logic (Princeton Studies in Cultural Sociology #13)
by Claude RosentalThe development of theorems in logic is generally thought to be a solitary and purely cerebral activity, and therefore unobservable by sociologists. In Weaving Self-Evidence, French sociologist Claude Rosental challenges this notion by tracing the history of one well-known recent example in the field of artificial intelligence--a theorem on the foundations of fuzzy logic. Rosental's analyses disclose the inherently social nature of the process by which propositions in logic are produced, disseminated, and established as truths. Rosental describes the different phases of the emergence of the theorem on fuzzy logic, from its earliest drafts through its publication and diffusion, discussion and reformulation, and eventual acceptance by the scientific community. Through observations made at major universities and scholarly conferences, and in electronic forums, he looks at the ways students are trained in symbolic manipulations and formal languages and examines how researchers work, interact, and debate emerging new ideas. By carefully analyzing the concrete mechanisms that lead to the collective development and corroboration of proofs, Rosental shows how a logical discovery and its recognition within the scholarly community are by no means the product of any one individual working in isolation, but rather a social process that can be observed and studied. Weaving Self-Evidence will interest students and researchers in sociology and the history and philosophy of science and technology, and anyone curious about how scientists work.
The Web and Faith: Theological Analysis of Cyberspace Technologies
by Ayse KokComputing technology is an indispensable feature of modern life. Our rapid-paced world seems more and more remote from the world narrated in sacred scriptures. However, despite its pervasiveness, there remains a dearth of theological reflection about computer technology and what it means to live as a faithful individual in a digitally - saturated society.The Web and Faith provides a brief theology of technology, rooted in the Islamic tradition and oriented around the grand themes of creation, redemption and new creation. The book combines a concise, accessible style with penetrating cultural and theological analysis. Building on the work of Marshall McLuhan and Neil Postman, and drawing from a wide range of enlightened Islamic thinkers, the book situates computer technology within the big picture of the story of creation. Technology is not neutral, but neither is there an exclusively ''faith-based'' form of technological production and use. Instead, this book guides us to see the digital world as part of a larger creation, which is redeemable according to the law of faith. Responsibly used, technology can become an integral part of religious wisdom world-wide.
Web-Based Applications in Healthcare and Biomedicine
by Athina A. LazakidouThis proposed Special Issue in AoIS will present studies from leading researchers and practitioners focusing on current challenges, directions, trends, and opportunities associated with healthcare organizations and their strategic use of Web-enabled technologies. Healthcare and biomedical organizations are undergoing major transformations to meet the demand for improved access and quality of service, and modern information technologies are helping to process and manage the growing wealth of data involved. Web-based applications offer a sharp increase in data access and management, and they are at the forefront of the broad field of medical informatics. Topics to be covered will include semantic web applications; workflow and process management; content management and portal technology; data and web mining, warehousing, and information collection, curation, and analysis; web-based learning environments; access control and security; transaction management; and tools for implementation.
Web-Based Control and Robotics Education
by Spyros G. TzafestasThe development of the Internet and World Wide Web technology has motivated the introduction of new ways for distance learning and education. This book provides a timely and cohesive set of contributions that present methodologies, technologies and practical tools for teaching control and robotic systems analysis and design over the Web. It is the first book of its kind in control and robotics education. The emphasis is placed on the two major means for web-based control and robotics education, viz. virtual labs and telelabs. In a virtual lab the remote student can use a simulation/animation of the system under control for the experiments, whereas in a telelab the student can remotely conduct real physical experiments via the Web. The book includes sufficient background and review material and investigates valuable new tools and best practices validated by several case-studies in many academic environments under a variety of educational conditions and requirements. The book aims to enhance technological and educational skills with the ultimate goal to encourage web-based control and robotics learning.
Web Weavers
by Buffy SilvermanGarden spiders belong to a group called orb weavers, which spin wheel-shaped webs. Some webs are funnel-shaped and some are very sticky. In this photo essay about different kinds of spider webs, readers will learn all about nature's masters of silk weaving.
Webb's Physics of Medical Imaging (Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering)
by M A FlowerSince the publication of the best-selling, highly acclaimed first edition, the technology and clinical applications of medical imaging have changed significantly. Gathering these developments into one volume, Webb's Physics of Medical Imaging, Second Edition presents a thorough update of the basic physics, modern technology and many examples of cli
WebGIS for Disaster Management and Emergency Response (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Rifaat Abdalla Marwa EsmailThis book aims to help students, researchers and policy makers understand the latest research and development trends in the application of WebGIS for Disaster Management and Emergency Response. It is designed as a useful tool to better assess the mechanisms for planning, response and mitigation of the impact of disaster scenarios at the local, regional or national levels. It contains details on how to use WebGIS to solve real-world problems associated with Disaster Management Scenarios for the long-term sustainability. The book broadens the reader understanding of the policy and decision-making issues related to Disaster Management response and planning.
WebGL Insights
by Patrick CozziGiven its ubiquity, plugin-free deployment, and ease of development, the adoption of WebGL is on the rise. Skilled WebGL developers provide organizations with the ability to develop and implement efficient and robust solutions-creating a growing demand for skilled WebGL developers.WebGL Insights shares experience-backed lessons learned by the WebGL
Wechselwirkungen zwischen Landnutzung und Klimawandel
by Horst Gömann Johanna FickIn diesem Open Access Buch werden erstmals übergreifend die Entwicklungen bis 2030 in den Sektoren in Deutschland, welche die größte Fläche beanspruchen – Land- und Forstwirtschaft sowie Siedlung und Verkehr – aufgezeigt und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Landnutzung und Klimawandel analysiert. Aufbauend auf einem akteursgestützten Diskurs von Handlungsoptionen zur Minderung von Treibhausgasemissionen sowie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel werden unterschiedliche Landnutzungsstrategien entwickelt. Dabei wird auf die verschiedenen Schwerpunkte wie Klimaschutz, Bioenergie, Natur- und Umweltschutz sowie Klimaanpassung eingegangen. Die möglichen Auswirkungen der verschiedenen Strategien auf Nahrungs- und Rohstoffproduktion, Bioenergie, Umwelt und Natur sowie sozio-ökonomische Konsequenzen werden modellgestützt analysiert. Anhand der Ergebnisse zeigen die Autorinnen und Autoren sowohl auf, wie die Landnutzung in Deutschland zum Klimaschutz beitragen kann, als auch die Konflikte, die mit anderen gesellschaftlichen Zielen bestehen. Das Buch liefert eine Grundlage für die Debatte um eine klimawandeloptimierte Landnutzung in Deutschland.
The Wechsler Memory Scale: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers
by Phillip L. KentThe Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is one of the most popular memory scales in the United States and much of the English-speaking world. This is the first book to systematically trace the evolution of the instrument in terms of its content and structure, whilst providing a guide to clinical interpretation and discussing its many research uses. The Wechsler Memory Scale: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of the literature on all the major editions and revisions of the WMS, including the Wechsler Memory Scale-I, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, Wechsler Memory Scale-III, and the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV. It discusses major factor analytic studies of each version of the test, clinical interpretation of each version including studies on malingering, uses of each version with special populations, and makes suggestions for the next revision (i.e, the WMS-V). This book is designed to be a go-to source for all graduate students, clinicians and researchers who use the Wechsler Memory Scale, as well as to institutions offering formal training in adult clinical and neuropsychological assessment.
Wednesday Is Indigo Blue: Discovering the Brain of Synesthesia
by Richard E. Cytowic David M. EaglemanHow the extraordinary multisensory phenomenon of synesthesia has changed our traditional view of the brain.A person with synesthesia might feel the flavor of food on her fingertips, sense the letter “J” as shimmering magenta or the number “5” as emerald green, hear and taste her husband's voice as buttery golden brown. Synesthetes rarely talk about their peculiar sensory gift—believing either that everyone else senses the world exactly as they do, or that no one else does. Yet synesthesia occurs in one in twenty people, and is even more common among artists. One famous synesthete was novelist Vladimir Nabokov, who insisted as a toddler that the colors on his wooden alphabet blocks were “all wrong.” His mother understood exactly what he meant because she, too, had synesthesia. Nabokov's son Dmitri, who recounts this tale in the afterword to this book, is also a synesthete—further illustrating how synesthesia runs in families. In Wednesday Is Indigo Blue, pioneering researcher Richard Cytowic and distinguished neuroscientist David Eagleman explain the neuroscience and genetics behind synesthesia's multisensory experiences. Because synesthesia contradicted existing theory, Cytowic spent twenty years persuading colleagues that it was a real—and important—brain phenomenon rather than a mere curiosity. Today scientists in fifteen countries are exploring synesthesia and how it is changing the traditional view of how the brain works. Cytowic and Eagleman argue that perception is already multisensory, though for most of us its multiple dimensions exist beyond the reach of consciousness. Reality, they point out, is more subjective than most people realize. No mere curiosity, synesthesia is a window on the mind and brain, highlighting the amazing differences in the way people see the world.
Weed Anatomy
by Hansjoerg Kraehmer Peter BaurWeeds affect everyone in the world by reducing crop yield and crop quality, delaying or interfering with harvesting, interfering with animal feeding (including poisoning), reducing animal health, preventing water flow, as plant parasites, etc. Weeds are common everywhere and cause many $ billions worth of crop losses annually, with the global cost of controlling weeds running into $ billions. The anatomy of plants is generally well understood, but the examples used for explanations in most books are often restricted to non-weed species. Weeds have many features that make them more competitive, for example enabling them to more quickly recover after herbicide treatment. Some of these adaptations include rhizomes, adapted roots, tubers and other special structures. Until now, no single book has concentrated on weeds’ anatomical features. A comprehensive understanding of these features is, however, often imperative to the successful implementation of many weed control measures. Beautifully and comprehensively illustrated, in full colour throughout, Weed Anatomy provides a comprehensive insight into the anatomy of the globally-important weeds of commercial significance. Commencing with a general overview of anatomy, the major part of the book then includes sections covering monocotyledons, dicotyledons, brackens and horsetails, with special reference to their anatomy. Ecological and evolutionary aspects of weeds are also covered and a number of less common weeds such as Adonis vernalis, Caucalis platycarpos and Scandix pecten-veneris are also included. The authors of this book, who have between them many years of experience studying weeds, have put together a true landmark publication, providing a huge wealth of commercially-important information. Weed scientists, plant anatomists and agricultural scientists, including personnel within the agrochemical and crop protection industry, will find a great deal of useful information within the book’s covers. All libraries in universities and research establishments where agricultural and biological sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this exceptional book on their shelves.
Weed Control: Sustainability, Hazards, and Risks in Cropping Systems Worldwide
by Nicholas E. Korres Nilda R. Burgos Stephen O. DukeIn light of public concerns about sustainable food production, the necessity for human and environmental protection, along with the evolution of herbicide resistant weeds, call for a review of current weed control strategies. Sustainable weed control requires an integrated approach based on knowledge of each crop and the weeds that threaten it. This book will be an invaluable source of information for scholars, growers, consultants, researchers and other stakeholders dealing with either arable, row, cash, vegetables, orchards or even grassland-based production systems. The uniqueness of this book comes from the balanced coverage of herbicide effects on humans and environment in relation to best weed control practices of the most important cropping systems worldwide. Furthermore, it amalgamates and discusses the most appropriate, judicious and suitable weed control strategies for a wide range of crops. It reviews the available information and suggests solutions that are not merely feasible but also optimal.
Weed Control Methods for Public Health Applications
by E.O. GangstadThis volume includes measures of control of aquatic vegetation that harms human health, since water-related diseases exist in this environment. Although malaria has receded internationally due to the combined chemotherapeutic-insecticidal programs, recently it has resisted both medicines and insecticide control. Active malaria cases in the U.S. were fewer than a dozen before the Vietnam War, but in 1973 the figure was ab out 700, almost all traceable to returning military personnel. The disease could again become prevalent. Other diseases exist whose transmission is indirectly affected by aquatic weed conditions including filariasis, and various trematodiases, especially from the schistosomes, Chinese liver fluke, cattle liver fluke, Guinea worm, giant intestinal fluke, Asiatic lung fluke, and broad tapeworm. Waterweeds also support disease-pest arthropods, i.e., snipe flies, tabanids (horse, gad, deer, and greenheads), Clear Lake gnats, Mayflies, black flies, sandflies, and sewage flies.Ecosystem studies of impounded water research and development of herbivorous fish, and utilization of herbivorous fish in China, are also included in this volume.
Weed Control Methods For Recreation Facilities Management
by Edward O. GangstadIt is the purpose of this volume to survey and assess the management problems of recreation waters and to present case problems from the field in which the technical data, published literature, and the operations mechanics are given in sufficient detail to provide a format for practical analysis and application. Special emphasis has been given to measures of control of Eurasian watermilfoil.The primary and secondary uses of a body of water determine the need, frequency, and kind of aquatic plant control required to meet the needs of a specific situation. That is to say, a given body of water may be used primarily, or even exclusively for such activities as fishing, boating, or swimming, and the water itself may be used for domestic (potable water), industrial production, and/or agriculture. These uses may seem to be incompatible in themselves, but it is incumbent upon management to supply the optimum conditions for total water use.
Weed Control Methods for Rights of Way Management
by Edward O. GangstadThis volume describes in detail methods of control and related data including (1) all vegetation on industrial sites, paved highways, and railroad ballast, (2) woody vegetation along roadsides, utility lines, and fire breaks, and (3) aquatic vegetation on rivers and stream banks, waterways, ponds, reservoirs, irrigation, and drainage channels.
Weed Control Methods for River Basin Management
by E.O. GangstadAquatic plants continue to create problems associated with navigation, flood control, agriculture, irrigation and drainage, values of lands, conservation of wildlife and fisheries, and water resource supply. While much research is being done to find more effective and economic control measures, there is now a great need to apply known facts to achieve a measure of control by the means available. It is the purpose of this volume to provide a scientifically documented treatise of the known facts as they apply to the control of aquatic weeds in river basins and their allied waterways with particular emphasis on alligator weed and water hyacinth.
A Weed is a Flower: The Life of George Washington Carver
by AlikiBrief text and pictures present the life of George Washington Carver, born a slave, who became a scientist and devoted his entire life to helping the South improve its agriculture.
Weed Physiology: Volume 2: Herbicide Physiology
by Stephen O. DukeVolume 2 deals with the mechanisms of herbicide action and of resistance and tolerance to herbicides. The first five chapters of this volume cover the effects of herbicides and adjuvants on the physiology of plants. Professor Black‘s chapter begins by covering the effects of herbicides on photosynthesis, including photosynthetic assimilation of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. This is followed by Dr. Morelands chapter on herbicide interactions with plant respiration. The third chapter by Professor Bartels deals with the effects of herbicides on chloroplast and cellular development with emphasis on correlating physiological information with ultrasound effects.
Weed Physiology: Volume I: Reproduction and Ecophysiology
by Stephen O. DukeWeeds are plants existing at places and/or times at which they are considered undesirable by man. Thys, man‘s primary interest in weeds is in dinging methods for eliminating their presences. Understanding the physiology of weeds and how it differs from that of crop plants is becoming increasingly important in discovering new chemical, genetic, and cultural methods of controlling weeds. The two volumes of this book will aim to discuss the following; the physiology of weed production the ecophysiology of weeds, the mechanisms of herbicide action, and the mechanisms of herbicide resistance and tolerance.
Weed Research: Expanding Horizons
by Robert J. Froud-Williams Paul E. HatcherThis book presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive guide to the current and potential future state of weed science and research. Weeds have a huge effect on the world by reducing crop yield and quality, delaying or interfering with harvesting, interfering with animal feeding (including poisoning), reducing animal health and preventing water flow. They are common across the world and cost billions of dollars’ worth of crop losses year on year, as well as billions of dollars in the annual expense of controlling them. An understanding of weeds is vital to their proper management and control, without which the reduction in crop yields that they would cause could lead to mass starvation across the globe. Topics covered include weed biology and ecology, control of weeds and particular issues faced in their control. Authored and edited by internationally renowned scientists in the field all of whom are actively involved in European Weed Research Society working groups, this succinct overview covers all the relevant aspects of the science of weeds. Weed Research: Expanding Horizons is the perfect resource for botanists, horticultural scientists, agronomists, weed scientists, plant protection specialists and agrochemical company personnel.
Weeds: In Defense of Nature's Most Unloved Plants
by Richard Mabey“[A] witty and beguiling meditation on weeds and their wily ways….You will never look at a weed, or flourish a garden fork, in the same way again.”—Richard Holmes, author of The Age of Wonder“In this fascinating, richly detailed book, Richard Mabey gives weeds their full due.”—Carl Zimmer, author of EvolutionRichard Mabey, Great Britain’s Britain’s “greatest living nature writer” (London Times), has written a stirring and passionate defense of nature’s most unloved plants. Weeds is a fascinating, eye-opening, and vastly entertaining appreciation of the natural world’s unappreciated wildflowers that will appeal to fans of David Attenborough, Robert Sullivan’s Rats, Amy Stewart’s Wicked Plants, and to armchair gardeners, horticulturists, green-thumbs, all those who stop to smell the flowers.
Weeds of North America
by Richard Dickinson France RoyerAmerican Horticultural Society Book Award Winner: “An essential reference for all who wish to understand the science of the all-powerful weed.” —Better Homes and Gardens“What is a weed,” opined Emerson, “but a plant whose virtues have not yet been discovered?” While that may be a worthy notion in theory, these plants of undiscovered virtue cause endless hours of toil for backyard gardeners. Wherever they take root, weeds compete for resources, and most often win. They also wreak havoc on industry—from agriculture to golf courses to civic landscape projects, vast amounts of money are spent to eradicate these virile and versatile invaders. With so much at stake, reliable information on weeds and their characteristics is crucial. Richard Dickinson and France Royer shed light on this complex world with Weeds of North America.Organized by plant family, this encyclopedic volume features over five hundred species in two-page spreads with images and text identification keys. Species are arranged within family alphabetically by scientific name, and entries include vital information on seed viability and germination requirements. No matter what your philosophy on weeds, this guide provides much-needed background on these intrusive organisms. In the battle with weeds, knowledge truly is power, and Weeds of North America is perfect for gardeners, botanists, nature lovers, or anyone working in the business of weed ecology and control.“Royer’s photographs are almost perversely alluring. . . . How can you not be ensnared by a book populated by prostrate pigweed, tansy ragwort and dog-strangling vine?” —New York Times Book Review
Weekdays Story and Pictures
by Tizzie KnowlesIn this rhyming book, a child describes his week of activities including a picnic and shopping.