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Gender Inequalities in Southern Europe: Woman, Work and Welfare in the 1990s
by Manuela Naldini María José González Teresa JuradoPresenting studies of the situation on gender inequalities and associated pattern of work and welfare in all southern European countries, this work focuses on the interaction of the three major societal institutions - the State, the family and the labour market.
Gender Inequalities in Tech-driven Research and Innovation: Living the Contradiction
by Gabriele GriffinePDF and ePUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. The Nordic countries are regarded as frontrunners in promoting equality, yet women’s experiences on the ground are in many ways at odds with this rhetoric. Putting the spotlight on the lived experiences of women working in tech-driven research and innovation areas in the Nordic countries, this volume explores why, despite numerous programmes, women continue to constitute a minority in these sectors. Contributors flesh out the differences and similarities across different Nordic countries and explore how the shifts in labour market conditions have impacted on women in research and innovation. This is an invaluable contribution to global debates around the mechanisms that maintain gendered structures in research and innovation, from academia to biotechnology and IT.
Gender Inequalities in the Japanese Workplace and Employment: Theories and Empirical Evidence (Advances in Japanese Business and Economics #22)
by Kazuo YamaguchiThe in-depth analyses presented in this book have a dual focus: (1) Social mechanisms through which the gender wage gap, gender inequality in the attainment of managerial positions, and gender segregation of occupations are generated in Japan; and (2) Assessments of the effects of firms’ gender-egalitarian personnel policies and work–life balance promotion policies on the gender wage gap and the firms’ productivity. In addition, this work reviews and discusses various economic and sociological theories of gender inequality and gender discrimination and considers their consistencies and inconsistencies with the results of the analysis of Japanese data. Furthermore, the book critically reviews and discusses the historical development of the Japanese employment system by juxtaposing rational and cultural explanations. This book is an English translation by the author of a book he first published in Japanese in 2017. The original Japanese-language edition received two major book awards in Japan. One was The Nikkei Economic Book Culture Award, which is given every year by the Nikkei Newspaper Company and the Japan Economic Research Center to a few best books on economy and society. The other was The Showa University’s Women’s Culture Research Award, which is bestowed annually on a single book of research that promotes gender equality. Kazuo Yamaguchi is the Ralph Lewis Professor of Sociology at the University of Chicago.
Gender Inequality in Screenwriting Work
by Natalie WreyfordThis is the first book to critically examine the recruitment and working practices of screenwriters. Drawing on interviews with screenwriters and those that employ them, Natalie Wreyford provides a deep and detailed understanding of entrenched gender inequality in the UK film industry and answers the question: what is preventing women from working as screenwriters? She considers how socialised recruitment and gendered taste result in exclusion, and uncovers subtle forms of sexism that cause women’s stories and voices to be discounted. Gender Inequality in Screenwriting Work also reveals the hidden labour market of the UK film industry, built on personal connections, homophily and the myth of meritocracy. It is essential reading for students and scholars of gender, creative industries, film and cultural studies, as well as anyone who wants to understand why women remain excluded from many key roles in filmmaking.
Gender Inequality in the Eastern European Labour Market: Twenty-five years of transition since the fall of communism (Routledge Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe Series)
by Giovanni RazzuUnder communism there was, in the countries of Eastern Europe, a high level of gender equality in the labour market, particularly in terms of high participation rates by women. The transition from communism has upset this situation, with different impacts in the different countries. This book presents a comprehensive overview of gender and the labour market since the fall of communism in a wide range of Eastern European countries. Each country chapter describes the nature of inequality in the particular country, and goes on to examine the factors responsible for this, including government policies, changing social attitudes, levels of educational attainment and the impact of motherhood. Overall, the book provides an interesting comparison to the situation in Western developed countries, outlining differences and similarities. No one single Eastern European model emerges while, as in Western developed countries, a range of experiences and trends is the norm.
Gender Inequality in the Global Labor Market: A Feminist Economics Approach (Routledge Studies in Gender and Economics)
by David Castro Lugo Pérez, Reyna Elizabeth RodríguezThis book examines gender inequality from the perspective of feminist economics, with empirical application, across different countries such as Turkey, the United States, Mexico, Uruguay, Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica and territories within Europe.It centers on topics such as labor participation, occupational segregation, feminization of poverty and migration, wage differentials, changes in and the quality of employment, equity index, and gender bias in fiscal policies. It encompasses both developed and developing countries and shows that the gender gap has been narrowing over time, although not completely, mainly due to the sparse implementation of programs and public policies with a feminist economic approach, which help to make gender dimensions in the economy visible and highlight the implications this has on women’s lives. The book also examines the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on inequality on the working lives of men and women.This book will be an important asset in teaching forums on the most recent advances in economic science across a number of different theories, approaches and research hypotheses that explain the study of gender inequality. It also presents different empirical studies, using multiple methodologies and databases, applied to specific problems in multiple countries to identify the advances, opportunities and changes that have occurred in gender inequality from a feminist economic perspective. The book offers relevant, novel and original scientific data and makes public policy proposals to encourage the participation of women in the labor market. Consequently, it will also be of interest to policymakers concerned with global trends in the labor market.
Gender Inequality in the Ordained Ministry of the Church of England: Examining Conservative Male Clergy Responses to Women Priests and Bishops (Routledge Studies in Religion)
by Alex D.J. FryThis book offers a fresh social scientific analysis of how theologically conservative male clergy respond to the ordination of women to the priesthood and their consecration as bishops within the Church of England. The question of women’s place in the formal structures of England’s Established Church remains contested. For many, to prevent women from occupying such offices is often understood to be a matter of inequality, whereas those who oppose their ordination see it as a matter of obedience to God’s will. Tensions have become heightened in a culture that increasingly promotes the rights of individuals who have historically been marginalised and that challenges traditional social roles. This volume explores the gender attitudes held by clergy in the Anglo-Catholic and evangelical traditions of the Church and considers how these gender attitudes shape the way they think about women’s ordination and how they interact with female colleagues. It also considers the contribution of a range of social phenomena to the formation of these gender attitudes. The author draws on and develops a variety of sociological and psychological theories that help to explain the processes that lead to the formation of clergy attitudes towards gender more broadly.
Gender Inequality in the Public Sector in Pakistan
by Khalid ChauhanAs gender training is applied increasingly as a development solution to gender inequality, this book examines gender inequality in Pakistan's public sector and questions whether a singular focus on gender training is enough to achieve progress in a patriarchal institutional context.
Gender Innovation and Migration in Switzerland (Palgrave Studies in Migration History)
by Francesca FalkThis open access book analyses migration and its relation to socio-political transformation in Switzerland. It addresses how migration has made new forms of life possible and shows how this process generated gender innovation in different fields: the changing division of work, the establishment of a nursery infrastructure, access to higher education for women, and the struggle for female suffrage. Seeing society through the lens of migration alters the perspective from which our past and thus our present is told—and our future imagined.
Gender Innovation in Political Science: New Norms, New Knowledge (Gender and Politics)
by Marian Sawer Kerryn BakerIn this book, leading gender scholars survey the contribution of feminist scholarship to new norms and knowledge in diverse areas of political science and related political practice. They provide new evidence of the breadth of this contribution and its policy impact. Rather than offering another account of the problem of gender inequality in the discipline, the book focuses on the positive contribution of gender innovation. It highlights in a systematic and in-depth way how gender innovation has contributed to sharpening the conceptual tools available in different subfields, including international relations and public policy. At the same time, the authors show the limits of impact in core areas of an increasingly pluralised discipline. This volume will appeal to scholars and students of political science and international relations.
Gender Integration in NATO Military Forces: Cross-national Analysis (Gender in a Global/Local World)
by Lana ObradovicNumerous states have passed gender integration legislation permanently admitting women into their military forces. As a result, states have dramatically increased women’s numbers, and improved gender equality by removing a number of restrictions. Yet despite changes and initiatives on both domestic and international levels to integrate gender perspectives into the military, not all states have improved to the same extent. Some have successfully promoted gender integration in the ranks by erasing all forms of discrimination, but others continue to impede it by setting limitations on equal access to careers, combat, and ranks. Why do states abandon their policies of exclusion and promote gender integration in a way that women’s military participation becomes an integral part of military force? By examining twenty-four NATO member states, this book argues that civilian policymakers and military leadership no longer surrender to parochial gendered division of the roles, but rather support integration to meet the recruitment numbers due to military modernization, professionalization and technological advancements. Moreover, it proposes that increased pressure by the United Nations to integrate gender into security and NATO seeking standardization and consistency on the international level, and women’s movements on the domestic level, are contributing to greater gender integration in the military.
Gender Ironies of Nationalism: Sexing the Nation
by Tamar MayerThis book provides a unique social science reading on the construction of nation, gender and sexuality and on the interactions among them. It includes international case studies from Indonesia, Ireland, former Yugoslavia, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Australia, the USA, Turkey, China, India and the Caribbean.The contributors offer both the masculine and feminine perspective, exposing how nations are comprised of sexed bodies, and exploring the gender ironies of nationalism and how sexuality plays a key role in nation building and in sustaining national identity.The contributors conclude that control over access to the benefits of belonging to the nation is invariably gendered; nationalism becomes the language through which sexual control and repression is justified masculine prowess is expressed and exercised. Whilst it is men who claim the prerogatives of nation and nation building it is, for the most part, women who actually accept the obligation of nation and nation building.
Gender Issues in Art Therapy
by Susan Hogan Marian Liebmann Nancy SlaterArt therapy enables the client and therapist to explore issues that may ordinarily be difficult to articulate in words; one such issue is the complexity of gender, which can be a subject of therapy in a range of ways. Gender identity is at the heart of our self-understanding. The contributors to this book cover such topics as internalised homophobia in both therapist and client, art and pregnancy, art therapy with women only and men-only groups, feminist art therapy, gay and lesbian issues, and gender stereotypes. These wide-ranging papers cover both theoretical and practical topics, giving clinical examples and instances of clients' artwork in illustration. The contributors, all established art therapists, bring a wide range of experiences and perspectives to the topic of gender in art therapy. Professionals and students in this field will find the insights contained in this book both fascinating and valuable.
Gender Issues in Scandinavian Music Education: From Stereotypes to Multiple Possibilities (ISME Series in Music Education)
by Silje Valde OnsrudGender Issues in Scandinavian Music Education: From Stereotypes to Multiple Possibilities introduces much-needed updates to research and teaching philosophies that envision new ways of considering gender diversity in music education. This volume of essays by Scandinavian contributors looks beyond the dominant Anglo-American lens while confronting a universal need to resist and rethink the gender stereotypes that limit a young person’s musical development. Addressing issues at all levels of music education—from primary and secondary schools to conservatories and universities— topics discussed include: the intersection of social class, sexual orientation, and teachers’ beliefs; gender performance in the music classroom and its effects on genre and instrument choice; hierarchical inequalities reinforced by power and prestige structures; strategies to fulfill curricular aims for equality and justice that meet the diversity of the classroom; and much more! Representing a commitment to developing new practices in music education that subvert gender norms and challenge heteronormativity, Gender Issues in Scandinavian Music Education fills a growing need to broaden the scope of how gender and equality are situated in music education—in Scandinavia and beyond.
Gender Issues, Sex Offenses, and Criminal Justice: Current Trends
by Janine ChanelesHere is a powerful look at gender issues in the criminal justice system, particularly as gender is related to sex offenses and the system’s response to those offenses. Experts examine inmate sexual aggression, gender disparity in bail setting, racial patterns of rape, the female offender’s adjustment to prison life, the psychological profile of female first offenders, and the self-image of juvenile prostitutes.
Gender Justice and Contemporary Asian Literatures: A Casebook
by Karen Laura ThornberThis casebook investigates how diverse writers from across East, South, and Southeast Asia and their diasporas have engaged with the struggle for gender justice. Each chapter analyzes works of literature originally written in Bengali, Chinese, English, Indonesian, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, Marathi, Thai, and Vietnamese.Aimed at both specialists and nonspecialists, Gender Justice and Contemporary Asian Literatures addresses such subjects as gender imparity in male-dominated professions; the lives of migrant sex workers and caregivers; the fight against reproductive, family, non-partner, and intimate partner violence; and norms of shame and silence surrounding violence against women. Informed by the author's deep knowledge of literature, history, culture, law, and social conditions, this book will be a resource for instructors and students in gender studies, women's studies, ethnic studies, Asian studies, Asian American studies, Asian diaspora studies, comparative literature, and world literature.
Gender Justice and Human Rights in International Development Assistance: Transcending Universal Divisions (Routledge ISS Gender, Sexuality and Development Studies)
by Sarah FortiGender Justice and Human Rights in International Development Assistance provides a critical analysis of how frameworks of gender equality play out in the field of international development assistance, at theoretical, international legislative and policy levels, donor and national policy levels and programme levels. If current dominant theoretical perspectives are not interrogated, the consequences could be that gender inequalities and injustices are inadequately addressed, or that opportunities are missed to impact on poverty reduction and on transformative gender changes. Through a renewed interpretation of gender equality in IDA, the book aims to show the way towards a more effective response to gender inequalities and injustices faced by women in developing countries. Drawing on 20 years of experience working with IDA policies and programming across three continents, this book makes an important contribution to the active and dynamic field of critical feminism, as well as providing practical illustrations on how such critical thinking might contribute to gender transformational changes. Gender Justice and Human Rights in International Development Assistance will be important reading for scholars and upper level students working in the fields of gender equality, human rights, development assistance, foreign affairs, international law, and international relations.
Gender Justice and Legal Pluralities: Latin American and African Perspectives (Law, Development and Globalization)
by Rachel Sieder John-Andrew McNeishGender Justice and Legal Pluralities: Latin American and African Perspectives examines the relationship between legal pluralities and the prospects for greater gender justice in developing countries. Rather than asking whether legal pluralities are ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for women, the starting point of this volume is that legal pluralities are a social fact. Adopting a more anthropological approach to the issues of gender justice and women’s rights, it analyzes how gendered rights claims are made and responded to within a range of different cultural, social, economic and political contexts. By examining the different ways in which legal norms, instruments and discourses are being used to challenge or reinforce gendered forms of exclusion, contributing authors generate new knowledge about the dynamics at play between the contemporary contexts of legal pluralities and the struggles for gender justice. Any consideration of this relationship must, it is concluded, be located within a broader, historically informed analysis of regimes of governance.
Gender Justice and Proportionality in India: Comparative Perspectives (Routledge Advances in South Asian Studies)
by Juliette Gregory DuaraFor a judiciary in a democracy, dispensing justice is not only about doing justice, but also about showing that justice is being done; it is about giving reasons and creating a "culture of justification". The question becomes how to nurture such a culture. A number of liberal democratic jurisdictions have answered this question in part with the adoption of the multi-step method of evaluating the constitutionality of legislative infringements on fundamental rights widely known as Proportionality Analysis. Under Proportionality Analysis courts must engage in a structured process of reasoning. This book deals with Gender Justice and Proportionality Analysis in India. The author argues that the Supreme Court of India should consider adopting Proportionality Analysis for the adjudication of the fundamental right to sex equality in Indian courts. The book includes an analysis of Canadian and South African Proportionality Analysis and makes some suggestions on how an Indian Proportionality Analysis could be generated using this comparative investigation. Additionally, the book proposes ways of applying the effects of socio-political context on doctrine, as well as doctrine’s interpretive impact on adjudicated outcomes for gender, thus making a contribution to feminist jurisprudence. Finally, the author analyses Indian gender equality jurisprudence, demonstrating the inadequacies of the current doctrinal framework for achieving the goal of substantive gender equality and suggesting ways in which an Indian Proportionality Analysis might be fashioned to address these inadequacies. A novel examination of the gender situation in India in comparative perspective, this book will be of interest to academics in the field of Gender Studies, Asian and Comparative Law and South Asian studies.
Gender Justice, Education and Equality
by Firdevs Melis CinThis book reframes gender and education issues from a feminist and capabilities perspective through a multi-generational study of women as teachers. It explores how different understandings of gender, equality and education generate a variety of approaches with which to pursue gender equality in education. Through employing the capabilities approach in a critical and innovative way to question justice, agency and well-being and also to evaluate valued functionings and capabilities, freedoms and lack of opportunities in women's lives in Turkey it highlights the need for constructing a gender-just society. The book takes a closer look at these women's memories, in order to understand how gender roles were created, negotiated and contested, and how the transition to modern ways of socialising and existing was shaped and women's emancipation was guided by women teachers as social actors, rather than as passive onlookers or oppressed individuals. It provides important insights and critical evidence to be used in the planning and implementation of education and social/gender policies.
Gender Magic: Live Shamelessly, Reclaim Your Joy, and Step into Your Most Authentic Self
by Rae McDaniel'Rae McDaniel is a leader in their generation, matching compassion with clear-sighted vision for a sex-positive future' Emily Nagoski, PhD, author of Come As You Are and BurnoutTaking everything they know from more than a decade of working with the queer and trans community, their personal journey of gender exploration, and clinical best practices, licensed therapist, coach and speaker Rae McDaniel created the Gender Freedom Model. A uniquely supportive narrative for gender exploration and transition grounded in queer joy, their nine-pillar model has helped thousands of transgender and nonbinary individuals explore gender through play, pleasure and freedom. And now, it can help you too.Whether you're transgender, non-binary, cisgender or still exploring, this compassionate and practical guide will help you experience your gender in new, expansive ways by teaching:· How to move from anxiety, self-doubt, and fear to a confident, proactive state of mind.· How to navigate discomfort and celebrate your inherent worth as you develop genuine self-love.· How to design relationships, community and a sex life that lights you up.· Practical tools to align your gender identity and expression with your most authentic self through play, pleasure and possibility. Brimming with warmth, celebration and practical advice, Gender Magic is essential reading for anyone who yearns to step into their fullest self and imagine a life beyond gender binaries. Because you - yes YOU - are magic.
Gender Magic: Live Shamelessly, Reclaim Your Joy, and Step into Your Most Authentic Self
by Rae McDaniel'Rae McDaniel is a leader in their generation, matching compassion with clear-sighted vision for a sex-positive future' Emily Nagoski, PhD, author of Come As You Are and BurnoutTaking everything they know from more than a decade of working with the queer and trans community, their personal journey of gender exploration, and clinical best practices, licensed therapist, coach and speaker Rae McDaniel created the Gender Freedom Model. A uniquely supportive narrative for gender exploration and transition grounded in queer joy, their nine-pillar model has helped thousands of transgender and nonbinary individuals explore gender through play, pleasure and freedom. And now, it can help you too.Whether you're transgender, non-binary, cisgender or still exploring, this compassionate and practical guide will help you experience your gender in new, expansive ways by teaching:· How to move from anxiety, self-doubt, and fear to a confident, proactive state of mind.· How to navigate discomfort and celebrate your inherent worth as you develop genuine self-love.· How to design relationships, community and a sex life that lights you up.· Practical tools to align your gender identity and expression with your most authentic self through play, pleasure and possibility. Brimming with warmth, celebration and practical advice, Gender Magic is essential reading for anyone who yearns to step into their fullest self and imagine a life beyond gender binaries. Because you - yes YOU - are magic.
Gender Mainstreaming in Counter-Terrorism Policy: Building Transformative Strategies to Counter Violent Extremism (Routledge Studies in Gender and Security)
by Jessica WhiteThis book analyzes policy and programming challenges for gender mainstreaming in counter-terrorism, with examples from comparative case studies of countering violent extremism programming. Interest in the issue of gender in security policy and programming has grown over the past several years, often with increasing pressure at the international and national levels to ensure commitment to inclusion of women or a gender lens. This book provides in-depth investigation of how gender can be effectively understood and included in the security process. Firstly, it adds a timely and effective contribution to the academic conversations around gender in security and how counter-terrorism programming can be implemented with human security goals. Secondly, it offers recommendations for policy makers and practitioners seeking to improve the effectiveness of countering violent extremism program design, implementation, and evaluation. A gender analysis framework is built across the chapters, drawing from various feminist analytical perspectives used in International Relations theory. The learning from this comparative gender analysis is encapsulated in the last chapter through some recommendations to help move counter-terrorism policy toward more transformative gender mainstreaming strategies. This book will be of much interest to students of counter-terrorism studies, countering violent extremism, gender studies, security studies, and International Relations.
Gender Mainstreaming in Politics, Administration and Development in South Asia
by Ishtiaq Jamil Salahuddin M. Aminuzzaman Syeda Lasna Kabir M. Mahfuzul HaqueThis book explores and analyzes gender mainstreaming in South Asia. Gender mainstreaming as a concept is about removing disparities between men and women – about equal access to resources, inclusion and participation in the public sphere, representation in government, and empowerment, all with the aim of achieving equal opportunities for men and women in family life, society, administration, politics, and the economy. The challenges of gender mainstreaming in South Asia are huge, especially in the contexts of patriarchal, religious, and caste-based social norms and values. Men’s dominance in politics, administration, and economic activities is distinctly visible. Women have been subservient to the policy preferences of their male counterparts. However, in recent years, more women are participating in politics at the local and national levels, in administration, and in formal economic activities. Have gender equality and equity been ensured in South Asia? This book focuses on how gender-related issues are incorporated into policy formulation and governance, how they have fared, what challenges they have encountered when these policies were put into practice, and their implications and fate in the context of five South Asian countries. The authors have used varied frameworks to analyze gender mainstreaming at the micro and macro levels. Written from public administration and political science perspectives, the book provides an overview of the possibilities and constraints of gender mainstreaming in a region, which is not only diverse in ethnicity and religion, but also in economic progress, political culture, and the state of governance.
Gender Matters in Global Politics: A Feminist Introduction to International Relations
by Laura J. Shepherd Caitlin HamiltonGender Matters in Global Politics is a comprehensive textbook for advanced undergraduates studying politics, international relations, development and similar courses. It provides students with an accessible but in-depth account of feminist methodologies, gender theory and feminist approaches to key topics and themes in global politics.This textbook is written by an international line-up of established and emerging scholars from a range of theoretical perspectives, bringing together cutting-edge feminist scholarship in a variety of areas.This fully revised and updated third edition: introduces students to feminist and gender theory and explains the relevance to contemporary global politics; explains the insights of feminist theory for a range of fields of study, including international relations, international political economy and security studies; presents feminist approaches to key contemporary issues such as climate change, digital politics, war and militarism, disability and global health; and features pedagogical tools and resources, including discussion questions, suggestions for further reading and online resources. This text enables students to develop a sophisticated understanding of the work that gender does in policies and practices of global politics.Support material for this book can be found at: www.routledge.com/9780367477608.