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Human Migration in the Arctic: The Past, Present, and Future
by Satu Uusiautti Nafisa YeasminThis book discusses the past, present, and future of migration in the Arctic. It addresses many of the critical dynamics of immigration and migration, and emerging challenges that now confront the region. What can be learned from the past? What are the challenges and solutions of tomorrow?Migration in the Arctic is a fascinating and topical - but less studied - phenomenon that influences various societal levels, such as education. The book introduces research on economic, social, and educational perspectives of migration in the region. It provides analysis of minorities immigrating to the North without neglecting the viewpoint of indigenous people of the Arctic.Contributors comprise researchers from various Arctic countries. Multidisciplinary research provides a unique viewpoint to the theme. The book is suitable for researchers and teachers of higher education as well as anyone interested in Arctic studies and (im)migration.
Human Minds and Cultures
by Sanjit ChakrabortyThis book puts forward a harmonious analysis of similarities and differences between two concepts—human minds and cultures—and strives for a multicultural spectrum of philosophical explorations that could assist them in pondering the striking pursuit of envisaging human minds and cultures as an essential appraisal of philosophy and the social sciences. The book hinges on a theoretical understanding of the indispensable liaison between the dichotomy of minds and objectivity residing in semantic-ontological conjectures. The ethnographic sense of cultures confines the scope of cultural scientism, an evolutionary paradigm on the functionalist turn, where one could enthral the cultural phenomenon from the contentment of the conflict of scientific quandaries. Hence, cultural relativism concedes that cultures have some descriptive contents, like customs, beliefs, moral codes, other minds, etc., that are followed by an individual or a group of people. However, the notion of societalsemiotics embarks on the ‘semiotic conception of culture’ that deploys modernity and values centred on ethical conjectures. Human Minds and Cultures conspicuously attune the cultural edifice of moral minds and cope with the enduring prospects of ethics, genders, laws, and socio-political affairs. Essential reading for anyone with a sparkling interest in human minds and cultures.
Human Mobility and Technological Transfer in the Prehistoric Mediterranean: Human Mobility and Technological Transfer In The Prehistoric Mediterranean
by Evangelia Kiriatzi Carl KnappettThe diverse forms of regional connectivity in the ancient world have recently become an important focus for those interested in the deep history of globalisation. This volume represents a significant contribution to this new trend as it engages thematically with a wide range of connectivities in the later prehistory of the Mediterranean, from the later Neolithic of northern Greece to the Levantine Iron Age, and with diverse forms of materiality, from pottery and metal to stone and glass. With theoretical overviews from leading thinkers in prehistoric mobilities, and commentaries from top specialists in neighbouring domains, the volume integrates detailed case studies within a comparative framework. The result is a thorough treatment of many of the key issues of regional interaction and technological diversity facing archaeologists working across diverse places and periods. As this book presents key case studies for human and technological mobility across the eastern Mediterranean in later prehistory, it will be of interest primarily to Mediterranean archaeologists, though also to historians and anthropologists.
The Human Mosaic
by Mona Domosh Roderick P. Neumann Patricia L. Price Terry G. Jordan-BychkovCarrying forward the legacy of original author Terry Jordan-Bychkov, coauthors Mona Domosh, Roderick Neumann and Patricia Price have again provided a thoroughly up-to-date new edition of the classic text,The Human Mosaic. The new edition offers a compelling guided tour of contemporary geography that updates the original's unique Five Theme approach while captivating students with the ways today's geographers interpret our ever more globalized, interdependent world.
The Human Motor: Or the Scientific Foundations of Labour and Industry (Routledge Library Editions: Labour Economics #2)
by Jules AmarFirst published in 1920. This study examines the science of industrial work and the advances in its application to the economic life of the community. The author commences this volume with a brief explanation of the general principles of Theoretical Mechanics which have been applied in the study of the Human Motor. Space has also been devoted to the explanation of the laws of thermo-dynamics and of the Conservation of Energy. These provide the reader with the means by which muscular work and fatigue can be measured. This title will be of interest to students of economics and business.
Human Nature and Biocultural Evolution (Routledge Revivals)
by Joseph LopreatoFirst published in 1984, Human Nature and Biocultural Evolution aims to delineate a theory of human nature, viewed as an interrelated set of genetically programmed behavioral predispositions, and a theory of biocultural evolution. The author’s approach is based on the hypothesis that innate predispositions and cultural-environmental factors cooperate to determine human behavior and socio-cultural forms.Professor Lopreato begins by tracing the development of evolutionary biology up to sociobiology. It is his argument that the social and biological disciplines have, for over a century, been moving towards a synthesis, and that Homo sapiens is neither just another animal, nor so unique a being that culture has become divorced from its genetic underpinnings. The argument is supported with evidence from evolutionary biology and social science, with a critical discussion of basic issues of behavioral science and with an analysis of certain famous theories in social science (e.g. theories of suicide, anomie, capitalism), which prove to be richer and more complete when viewed from a biocultural perspective.The theory of human nature is arrived at through a rich analysis of ethnographic, psychological, and sociological arguments and data, as well as facts and theories from comparative zoology. In the process, the author treats critically numerous theoretical problems associated with topics such as exploitation, class consciousness, structured inequality, reciprocal behavior, territorial aggression, religious ritual, socialization, ethnicity, and prejudice. The author concludes with an examination of behavioral predispositions that are hypothesized to be at the base of cultural variation.
Human Nature and Collective Behavior: Papers in Honor of Herbert Blumer
by Tamotsu ShibutaniTamotsu Shibutani is professor of sociology at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is the author of Social Processes: An Introduction to Sociology and Improvised News: A Sociological Study of Rumor.
Human Nature and Social Life: Perspectives on Extended Sociality
by Remme Jon Henrik Ziegler Kenneth SillanderWhat distinguishes humans from nonhuman 'others'? And how do these distinctions shape human sociality and the ways that humans relate to their others? Human Nature and Social Life brings together a collection of articles by prominent anthropologists to address these questions. The articles show how the fundamentally social nature of humans results in an extension of sociality to virtual, semiotic-material and nonhuman spheres, with humans therefore becoming part of 'extended socialities'. However, as the book's contributors demonstrate, human distinctness significantly bears upon these extended socialities, and the manner in which humans partake in them. Taking an ethnographic approach to its subject, this book demonstrates the continued value of studying the specificities of the human condition, and sets itself as a counterweight to current refutations of human exceptionalism.
Human Nature and the Evolution of Society
by Stephen K. SandersonIf evolution has changed humans physically, has it also affected human behavior? Drawing on evolutionary psychology, sociobiology, and human behavioral ecology, Human Nature and the Evolution of Society explores the evolutionary dynamics underlying social life.In this introduction to human behavior and the organization of social life, Stephen K. Sanderson discusses traditional subjects like mating behavior, kinship, parenthood, status-seeking, and violence, as well as important topics seldom included in books of this type, especially gender, economies, politics, foodways, race and ethnicity, and the arts. Examples and research on a wide range of human societies, both industrial and nonindustrial, are integrated throughout. With chapter summaries of key points, thoughtful discussion questions, and important terms defined within the text, the result is a broad-ranging and comprehensive consideration of human society, thoroughly grounded in an evolutionary perspective.
Human Nature and the Evolution of Society
by Stephen K. SandersonIf evolution has changed humans physically, has it also affected human behavior? Drawing on evolutionary psychology, sociobiology, and human behavioral ecology, Human Nature and the Evolution of Society explores the evolutionary dynamics underlying social life. In this introduction to human behavior and the organization of social life, Stephen K. Sanderson discusses traditional subjects like mating behavior, kinship, parenthood, status-seeking, and violence, as well as important topics seldom included in books of this type, especially gender, economies, politics, foodways, race and ethnicity, and the arts. Examples and research on a wide range of human societies, both industrial and nonindustrial, are integrated throughout. With chapter summaries of key points, thoughtful discussion questions, and important terms defined within the text, the result is a broad-ranging and comprehensive consideration of human society, thoroughly grounded in an evolutionary perspective.
Human Nature and the Social Order
by Charles Horton CooleyThis work remains a pioneer sociological treatise on American culture. By understanding the individual not as the product of society but as its mirror image, Cooley concludes that the social order cannot be imposed from outside human nature but that it arises from the self. Cooley stimulated pedagogical inquiry into the dynamics of society with the publication of Human Nature and the Social Order in 1902. Human Nature and the Social Order is something more than an admirable ethical treatise. It is also a classic work on the process of social communication as the "very stuff" of which the self is made.
Human Nature As Capacity
by Nigel RapportWhat is it to be human? What are our specifically human attributes, our capacities and liabilities? Such questions gave birth to anthropology as an Enlightenment science. This book argues that it is again appropriate to bring "the human" to the fore, to reclaim the singularity of the word as central to the anthropological endeavor, not on the basis of the substance of a human nature - "To be human is to act like this and react like this, to feel this and want this" - but in terms of species-wide capacities: capabilities for action and imagination, liabilities for suffering and cruelty. The contributors approach "the human" with an awareness of these complexities and particularities, rendering this volume unique in its ability to build on anthropology's ethnographic expertise.
Human Nature & Jewish Thought: Judaism's Case for Why Persons Matter
by Alan L. MittlemanThis book explores one of the great questions of our time: How can we preserve our sense of what it means to be a person while at the same time accepting what science tells us to be true--namely, that human nature is continuous with the rest of nature? What, in other words, does it mean to be a person in a world of things? Alan Mittleman shows how the Jewish tradition provides rich ways of understanding human nature and personhood that preserve human dignity and distinction in a world of neuroscience, evolutionary biology, biotechnology, and pervasive scientism. These ancient resources can speak to Jewish, non-Jewish, and secular readers alike.Science may tell us what we are, Mittleman says, but it cannot tell us who we are, how we should live, or why we matter. Traditional Jewish thought, in open-minded dialogue with contemporary scientific perspectives, can help us answer these questions. Mittleman shows how, using sources ranging across the Jewish tradition, from the Hebrew Bible and the Talmud to more than a millennium of Jewish philosophy. Among the many subjects the book addresses are sexuality, birth and death, violence and evil, moral agency, and politics and economics. Throughout, Mittleman demonstrates how Jewish tradition brings new perspectives to--and challenges many current assumptions about--these central aspects of human nature.A study of human nature in Jewish thought and an original contribution to Jewish philosophy, this is a book for anyone interested in what it means to be human in a scientific age.
The Human Network: How Your Social Position Determines Your Power, Beliefs, and Behaviors
by Matthew O. JacksonHere is a fresh, intriguing, and, above all, authoritative book about how our sometimes hidden positions in various social structures—our human networks—shape how we think and behave, and inform our very outlook on life.Inequality, social immobility, and political polarization are only a few crucial phenomena driven by the inevitability of social structures. Social structures determine who has power and influence, account for why people fail to assimilate basic facts, and enlarge our understanding of patterns of contagion—from the spread of disease to financial crises. Despite their primary role in shaping our lives, human networks are often overlooked when we try to account for our most important political and economic practices. Matthew O. Jackson brilliantly illuminates the complexity of the social networks in which we are—often unwittingly—positioned and aims to facilitate a deeper appreciation of why we are who we are.Ranging across disciplines—psychology, behavioral economics, sociology, and business—and rich with historical analogies and anecdotes, The Human Network provides a galvanizing account of what can drive success or failure in life.
Human No More
by Michael Wesch Neil L. WhiteheadTurning an anthropological eye toward cyberspace, Human No More explores how conditions of the online world shape identity, place, culture, and death within virtual communities. Online worlds have recently thrown into question the traditional anthropological conception of place-based ethnography. They break definitions, blur distinctions, and force us to rethink the notion of the "subject." Human No More asks how digital cultures can be integrated and how the ethnography of both the "unhuman" and the "digital" could lead to possible reconfiguring the notion of the "human." This provocative and groundbreaking work challenges fundamental assumptions about the entire field of anthropology. Cross-disciplinary research from well-respected contributors makes this volume vital to the understanding of contemporary human interaction. It will be of interest not only to anthropologists but also to students and scholars of media, communication, popular culture, identity, and technology.
Human No More: Digital Subjectivities, Unhuman Subjects, and the End of Anthropology
by Neil L. Whitehead Michael WeschTurning an anthropological eye toward cyberspace, Human No More explores how conditions of the online world shape identity, place, culture, and death within virtual communities. Online worlds have recently thrown into question the traditional anthropological conception of place-based ethnography. They break definitions, blur distinctions, and force us to rethink the notion of the "subject." Human No More asks how digital cultures can be integrated and how the ethnography of both the "unhuman" and the "digital" could lead to possible reconfiguring the notion of the "human." This provocative and groundbreaking work challenges fundamental assumptions about the entire field of anthropology. Cross-disciplinary research from well-respected contributors makes this volume vital to the understanding of contemporary human interaction. It will be of interest not only to anthropologists but also to students and scholars of media, communication, popular culture, identity, and technology.
Human Organizations and Social Theory: Pragmatism, Pluralism, and Adaptation
by Murray J. LeafIn the 1930s, George Herbert Mead and other leading social scientists established the modern empirical analysis of social interaction and communication, enabling theories of cognitive development, language acquisition, interaction, government, law and legal processes, and the social construction of the self. However, they could not provide a comparably empirical analysis of human organization. The theory in this book fills in the missing analysis of organizations and specifies more precisely the pragmatic analysis of communication with an adaptation of information theory to ordinary unmediated communications. The study also provides the theoretical basis for understanding the success of pragmatically grounded public policies, from the New Deal through the postwar reconstruction of Europe and Japan to the ongoing development of the European Union, in contrast to the persistent failure of positivistic and Marxist policies and programs.
Human Origins: Contributions from Social Anthropology
by Camilla Power Morna Finnegan Hilary CallanHuman Origins brings together new thinking by social anthropologists and other scholars on the evolution of human culture and society. No other discipline has more relevant expertise to consider the emergence of humans as the symbolic species. Yet, social anthropologists have been conspicuously absent from debates about the origins of modern humans. These contributions explore why that is, and how social anthropology can shed light on early kinship and economic relations, gender politics, ritual, cosmology, ethnobiology, medicine, and the evolution of language.
Human Osteology and Skeletal Radiology: An Atlas and Guide
by Evan W. Matshes Bernard JuurlinkHuman Osteology and Skeletal Radiology: An Atlas and Guide features nearly 700 photographs, line drawings, and radiographs demonstrating individual bones and collections of bones from a wide variety of detailed perspectives to aid in rapid identification of bone material. Intended as a handbook for those investigating skeletal remains, this atlas covers general and specific anatomic terms, includes comparative images of bones in photographic and radiographic form, and notes important comparisons among adult, juvenile, and fetal bones. It also provides a resource for those involved in gross anatomy and skeletal specimen laboratory study.
Human Paleoneurology
by Emiliano BrunerThe book presents an integrative review of paleoneurology, the study of endocranial morphology in fossil species. The main focus is on showing how computed methods can be used to support advances in evolutionary neuroanatomy, paleoanthropology and archaeology and how they have contributed to creating a completely new perspective in cognitive neuroscience. Moreover, thanks to its multidisciplinary approach, the book addresses students and researchers approaching human paleoneurology from different angles and for different purposes, such as biologists, physicians, anthropologists, archaeologists and computer scientists. The individual chapters, written by international experts, represent authoritative reviews of the most important topics in the field. All the concepts are presented in an easy-to-understand style, making them accessible to university students, newcomers and also to anyone interested in understanding how methods like biomedical imaging, digital anatomy and computed and multivariate morphometrics can be used for analyzing ontogenetic and phylogenetic changes according to the principles of functional morphology, morphological integration and modularity.
The Human Past: World Prehistory and the Development of Human Societies
by Chris ScarreTextbook on humans, from 6 million years ago to early civilizations.
The Human Past (Fifth Edition): World Prehistory And The Development Of Human Societies
by Chris ScarreA more diverse author team brings a fresh perspective to a comprehensive text With the most diverse author team to date, the Fifth Edition brings new specialists, new research, and new perspectives to the field, connecting our present to the past in a more equitable and representative way. Careful reconsideration of each chapter’s level of detail resulted in a book that is 13% briefer, but which remains a comprehensive authority on world prehistory, with each chapter written by leading experts on that region.
Human Peoples: On the Genetic Traces of Human Evolution, Migration and Adaptation
by Lluís Quintana-Murci'Masterful and ambitious. If you want to understand the power of population genetics in revealing the complex and diverse story of humanity, read this book' Tom HighamThe international bestseller and new Bible of population genetics: the science transforming our understanding of the past We are living through a revolution in knowledge. Over the past twenty years, genetics has shed light on the history of humanity in unprecedented ways. It enables us to study an individual's genome, compare it with populations worldwide, and understand its place in human history. Here Lluís Quintana-Murci, one of the scientists at the forefront of this research reveals how population genetics is transforming our understanding of who we are. Thanks to numerous discoveries, we now know how Homo sapiens spread around the world: from their exit from Africa approximately 60,000 years ago to the recent settlement of the remote lands of Polynesia within the last millennia. Population genetics has also shown that humans mixed with now-extinct species, including Neanderthals, enabling them to adapt to new environments and survive diseases. These cutting-edge genetic findings will shape our future too, offering the key to medicine tailored to individuals.But the greatest revelation of population genetics is that we are all mixed and the product of our ancestors’ long odyssey of migrations and adaptations across the globe. As Quintana-Murci explains, without diversity, without difference, there is no evolution. Filled with fascinating insights from the front line of research, Human Peoples is a pioneering guide to the ground-breaking science of our shared past.
Human Physical Fitness and Activity
by Ann E. CaldwellThe science of human physical activity and fitness is ripefor a novel theoretical framework that can integrate the ecological, genetic,physiological and psychological factors that influence physical activity inhumans. Physical inactivity dominates most developed nations around theworld, and is among the leading causes of disease burden and death worldwide. Despitethe wide array of physical and mental health benefits, few people get therecommended level of physical activity to achieve these benefits. Currentresearch on physical activity has not, as of yet, been successful for thedevelopment of effective exercise interventions. Several researchers haveadvocated a more integrative approach that takes evolutionary history intoaccount, but such a framework has yet to be advanced. To that aim, the firstgoal of this book is to present a comprehensive evolutionary and life historyframework that highlights the domain-specific aspects of the evolved psychologyand physiology that can lead to a more integrated and complete understanding ofphysical activity across the lifespan. It summarizes and extends previous workthat has been done to understand the ways natural selection has shaped physicalactivity in humans in traditional and modern economies and environments. In many ways, humans are adaptedto be physically active. Overall, however, natural selection has shaped aflexible, but energy conscious system that responds to environmental andindividual costs and benefits of physical activity to optimally allocate afinite energetic budget across the lifespan. This system is adapted to respondto cues of resource scarcity and high levels of obligatory physical activity, andconserves energy to favor allocation in ways that increase the likelihood ofreproductive success and survival. This nuanced application leads to a morethorough understanding of the circumstances that natural selection is predictedto favor both sedentary and active behaviors in predictable ways across thelifespan. The second goal of this book is to synthesizeand interpret cross-disciplinary research (from biological and evolutionaryanthropology and psychology; epidemiology; health psychology; and exercisephysiology) that can illuminate original approaches to increase physicalactivity in modern, primarily sedentary contexts. This includes a breakdown ofthe human lifespan to discuss the predicted costs and benefits of physicalactivity at each stage of life in order to differentiate the obstacles tophysical activity and exercise that are functionally adaptive--or were in theenvironments that they evolved--and identifying which factors are moremodifiable than others in order to develop interventions and environments thatare more conducive to physical activity. Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table. MsoNormalTable {{mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5. 4pt 0in 5. 4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10. 0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11. 0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}}
The Human Planet: How We Created the Anthropocene
by Simon L. Lewis Mark A. MaslinAn exploration of the Anthropocene and “a relentless reckoning of how we, as a species, got ourselves into the mess we’re in today” (The Wall Street Journal).Meteorites, mega-volcanoes, and plate tectonics—the old forces of nature—have transformed Earth for millions of years. They are now joined by a new geological force—humans. Our actions have driven Earth into a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene. For the first time in our home planet's 4.5-billion-year history a single species is increasingly dictating Earth’s future.To some the Anthropocene symbolizes a future of superlative control of our environment. To others it is the height of hubris, the illusion of our mastery over nature. Whatever your view, just below the surface of this odd-sounding scientific word—the Anthropocene—is a heady mix of science, philosophy, history, and politics linked to our deepest fears and utopian visions.Tracing our environmental impacts through time, scientists Simon Lewis and Mark Maslin reveal a new view of human history and a new outlook for the future of humanity in the unstable world we have created.