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Reducing Reoffending
by Bill Whyte Fergus McNeillReducing Reoffending provides a critical overview of social work and community justice in Scotland, taking full account of recent developments. The book is divided into three comprehensive sections. Part one of the book provides a critical analysis of the challenge of reducing reoffending in Scotland and locates this challenge within its historical context. Part one also reviews the available evidence about when, how and why people stop offending; about desistance from crime. This analysis exposes not only the complexities of desistance processes, but also the many difficulties that offenders face in making the related transition. Part two of the book provides an account of the legal contexts of criminal justice social work services in Scotland analysing both the role that social work plays in the sentencing process and its role in supervising offenders in the community. The final part the book addresses questions of how the practice of supervision might be best developed so as to support desistance and reduce reoffending, though the books final conclusion is that reducing reoffending requires a much broader commitment to promoting and realising justice in the community.
Reducing Response Burden in the American Community Survey: Proceedings of a Workshop
by National Academies of Sciences Engineering MedicineAlthough people in the United States have historically been reasonably supportive of federal censuses and surveys, they are increasingly unavailable for or not willing to respond to interview requests from federal—as well as private—sources. Moreover, even when people agree to respond to a survey, they increasingly decline to complete all questions, and both survey and item nonresponse are growing problems. In March 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to consider the respondent burden and its challenges and opportunities of the American Community Survey, which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Reducing School Shootings
by William H. JeynesThis book calls for a multidimensional and comprehensive approach to reduce the number of school shootings, rather than the simplistic unidimensional strategy that is commonly advocated. Based on meta-analyses examining which variables are most often related to positive changes in violent student behavior, it also integrates other research and historical trends in order to formulate recommendations regarding how to reduce school shootings.The topic of school shootings is one of the most vital issues in society today, because: 1) schools should be the safest places on Earth for children, 2) if students do not feel safe, they are not going to learn very well in school, and 3) it is of such great concern to parents and society at large, as evinced by the degree of news coverage that school shooting incidents receive.Sadly, despite the gravity of the problem, many people tend to either respond in an emotional way or propose simplistic solutions. Gun control legislation alone will not solve the problem; instead, it calls for a multi-disciplinary and multifaceted approach, involving parents, teachers, schools and healthcare. This book investigates the status quo, goals, and solutions, pursuing a fact-based approach.This book is of special interest to the academic community, national leaders, and other policymakers. It is also suitable for courses on education, psychology, sociology, criminal justice and other areas of law. It will also appeal to the general audience.
Reducing Stress-related Behaviours in People with Dementia: Care-based Therapy
by Chris Bonner'In Reducing Stress-Related Behaviours in people with Dementia, Chris Bonner has written a thoroughly entertaining, yet highly instructive, manual for people with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias... I highly recommend that everyone who encounters persons with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, routinely or occasionally, read through this manual. Even for seasoned professionals or family members who have given 10 years to the care of a spouse, there are insightful nuggets that will more than offset the modest cost of the book.' - Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books 'I found this book to be both clear and accessible in terms of readability. It is a book that I believe would be a useful resource to care staff in a variety of settings. The beauty of it is that it is short, inexpensive, easy to read and understand - a book which care staff can perhaps dip into, without taking them away from their caring role too much.' - Signpost 'The book is completely person orientated with the help of anecdotes. Original research sources are acknowledged without countless footnotes. There is a carefully compiled bibliography and a good index. To have achieved so much in a slim volume is very commendable and it is obvious that this should be a required text for every formal carer with copies available in staff rooms as chapters could be the subject of seminars or workshops as well as solving tricky problems in the very demanding work of caring for people with dementia whose behaviour can be difficult to understand.' - London Centre For Dementia Care 'This invaluable book provides a wealth of practical strategies to prevent and reduce stress related behaviour in people with dementia. The author has drawn information from numerous carers with whom he has worked and his personal experience in caring for and enjoying the company of people with dementia. Throughout the book, case vignettes and small caricature illustrations are appropriately used to enhance the reading material and provide light humour. I would thoroughly recommend this book to all nursing and therapy staff involved with people with dementia.' - Occupational Therapy with Older People This practical book provides simple and imaginative ways to prevent and reduce stress-related behaviours in people with dementia in residential care. The author's approach is based on maximizing personal expression and fulfilment and recovering access to familiar, enjoyable and meaningful activities. He suggests strategies for managing common problems with feeding, bathing, toileting and sleep, looks at how to understand and cope with wandering, agitation and inappropriate sexual activity, and discusses ways of defusing aggressive behaviour. He also explains how to enhance care home environments and staff communication skills, and suggests a variety of helpful activities and therapies. Written in a clear, accessible style, this book will be an invaluable resource for residential care workers and the families and carers of people with dementia.
Reducing the Risk of Workplace Violence Against Public-Facing Employees: Findings from a Mix-Methods Study of Body-Worn Cameras (SpringerBriefs in Criminology)
by Barak Ariel Vincent Harinam Somer Zeynel Jenna Brogden Kim WebsterThis brief investigates the usefulness of Body-worn videos (BWVs) in non-policing environments. The first study of this kind, this research presents new datasets related to these devices, including: TOCS’ data on assaults and injuries• Surveys of frontline members of staff• A series of focus groups• BWV activation metadata from BWV vendors• Surveys with British Transport Police’s criminal justice unit.The data sources for this project span thirteen train operating companies across the UK, varying levels of risk of workplace violence, as well as different types of Public-Facing professionals and different BWV devices. Using a mixed-methods approach, this volume ultimately provides insight into the effectiveness of these devices in preventing and controlling risks of violence in the workplace, and recommendations on how to use them. This book is ideal for professionals working in workplace violence reduction and scholars who study technological advents, violence prevention and jurists who are interested in decisions to prosecute offenders.
Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South: Towards Safe and Inclusive Cities (Routledge Studies in Cities and Development)
by Jennifer Erin Salahub Markus Gottsbacher John De Boer Mayssam D. ZaarouraReducing Urban Violence in the Global South seeks to identify the drivers of urban violence in the cities of the Global South and how they relate to and interact with poverty and inequalities. Drawing on the findings of an ambitious 5-year, 15-project research programme supported by Canada’s International Development Research Centre and the UK’s Department for International Development, the book explores what works, and what doesn't, to prevent and reduce violence in urban centres. Cities in developing countries are often seen as key drivers of economic growth, but they are often also the sites of extreme violence, poverty, and inequality. The research in this book was developed and conducted by researchers from the Global South, who work and live in the countries studied; it challenges many of the assumptions from the Global North about how poverty, violence, and inequalities interact in urban spaces. In so doing, the book demonstrates that accepted understandings of the causes of and solutions to urban violence developed in the Global North should not be imported into the Global South without careful consideration of local dynamics and contexts. Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South concludes by considering the broader implications for policy and practice, offering recommendations for improving interventions to make cities safer and more inclusive. The fresh perspectives and insights offered by this book will be useful to scholars and students of development and urban violence, as well as to practitioners and policymakers working on urban violence reduction programmes.
The Reduction of Drug-Related Harm
by P. A. O’Hare R. Newcombe A. Matthews E. C. Buning E. DruckerFirst Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Redundancy, Community and Heritage in the Modern Church of England, 1945–2000: Closing the Church Door
by Denise BonnetteThis book is a reappraisal of Anglican Church redundancy from a cultural perspective. It challenges long-held perceptions about the rationale for church redundancy, particularly secularisation. It argues that redundancy brought to the surface far-reaching social and cultural tensions that remain unresolved to this day, and which the pandemic closure of buildings has reignited.
Redundant Masculinities?: Employment Change and White Working Class Youth (Antipode Book Series #37)
by Linda McDowellRedundant Masculinities? investigates the links between the so-called 'crisis of masculinity' and contemporary changes in the labour market through the lives of young working class men. Allows the voices of poorly-educated young men to be heard. Looks at how the labour market is changing. Emphasises the social construction of gender and racial identities. Dispels popular myths about the crisis in masculinity.
Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, and Cheap Labor in the American Black Market
by Eric SchlosserEssays explore the social and economic effects on groups and individuals of our underground economy. The underground economy has subtle and surprising effects on the United States as.
Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, and Cheap Labor in the American Black Market
by Eric SchlosserAmerica's black market is much larger than we realize, and it affects us all deeply, whether or not we smoke pot, rent a risqué video, or pay our kids' nannies in cash. In Reefer Madness the best-selling author of Fast Food Nation turns his exacting eye on the underbelly of the American marketplace and its far-reaching influence on our society. Exposing three American mainstays - pot, porn, and illegal immigrants - Eric Schlosser shows how the black market has burgeoned over the past several decades. He also draws compelling parallels between underground and overground: how tycoons and gangsters rise and fall, how new techonology shapes a market, how government intervention can reinvigorate black markets as well as mainstream ones, and how big business learns - and profits - from the underground. Reefer Madness is a powerful investigation that illuminates the shadow economy and the culture that casts that shadow.
Reefer Madness: A History of Marijuana
by Larry "Ratso" SlomanReefer Madness, a classic in the annals of hemp literature, is the popular social history of marijuana use in America. Beginning with the hemp farming of George Washington, author Larry "Ratso" Sloman traces the fascinating story of our nation's love-hate relationship with the resilient weed we know as marijuana. Herein we find antiheroes such as Allen Ginsberg, Robert Mitchum (the first Hollywood actor busted for pot), Louis Armstrong (who smoked pot every day), the Beatles, and more rapscallions standing up for, supporting, smoking, and politicizing the bounties of marijuana. With a new afterword by Michael Simmons, who has written for Rolling Stone, LA Weekly, and High Times, on the progress of the hemp movement and the importance of medical marijuana, Reefer Madness is a classic that goes on.
Reefer Movie Madness: The Ultimate Stoner Film Guide
by Shirley Halperin Steve BloomThe ultimate guide for bong-hitting movie buffs, with over 420 entries—plus contributions from Snoop Dogg, Cheech & Chong, Margaret Cho, and more.From the authors of Pot Culture, Reefer Movie Madness is the most extensive guide ever to movies for and about stoners, going well beyond Harold and Kumar and Pineapple Express. In addition to entries on more than 420 films, there are contributions and Q&As from actors, movie directors, musicians, and celebrities, including Jason Mraz, comedian Andy Milonakis, Snoop Dogg, Doug Benson, and Cheech & Chong. Reefer Movie Madness covers it all, from pot-fueled comedies and druggy dramas to sci-fi flicks and 1960s artifacts to documentaries, musicals, and blockbusters—including lots of photos, sidebars, and lists.
Reel Arguments: Film, Philosophy, And Social Criticism (Thinking Through Cinema Ser.)
by Andrew LightIn Reel Arguments , Andrew Light, known for his work in environmental ethics and the philosophy of technology, addresses the role of film in society. By looking at films and the creators of such films as Alice in the Cities , Enemy of the State , The Conversation , Falling Down , City of Hope , and Matewan , Light persuasively argues that film can be highly philosophical and influential. Though not the first to make such a claim, Light brings new insights into the readings of these films as visual arguments covering a range of issues: identity politics, urban landscapes, the politics of space, and the unexpected dimensions of technology. This volume will be of special interest to readers of film and philosophy.
Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People
by Jack G. ShaheenA groundbreaking book that dissects a slanderous history dating from cinema's earliest days to contemporary Hollywood blockbusters that feature machine-gun wielding and bomb-blowing "evil" ArabsAward-winning film authority Jack G. Shaheen, noting that only Native Americans have been more relentlessly smeared on the silver screen, painstakingly makes his case that "Arab" has remained Hollywood's shameless shorthand for "bad guy," long after the movie industry has shifted its portrayal of other minority groups. In this comprehensive study of over one thousand films, arranged alphabetically in such chapters as "Villains," "Sheikhs," "Cameos," and "Cliffhangers," Shaheen documents the tendency to portray Muslim Arabs as Public Enemy #1-brutal, heartless, uncivilized Others bent on terrorizing civilized Westerners.Shaheen examines how and why such a stereotype has grown and spread in the film industry and what may be done to change Hollywood's defamation of Arabs.
Reel Food: Essays on Food and Film
by Anne L. BowerFirst published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Reel Inequality: Hollywood Actors and Racism
by Nancy Wang YuenWhen the 2016 Oscar acting nominations all went to whites for the second consecutive year, #OscarsSoWhite became a trending topic. Yet these enduring racial biases afflict not only the Academy Awards, but also Hollywood as a whole. Why do actors of color, despite exhibiting talent and bankability, continue to lag behind white actors in presence and prominence? Reel Inequality examines the structural barriers minority actors face in Hollywood, while shedding light on how they survive in a racist industry. The book charts how white male gatekeepers dominate Hollywood, breeding a culture of ethnocentric storytelling and casting. Nancy Wang Yuen interviewed nearly a hundred working actors and drew on published interviews with celebrities, such as Viola Davis, Chris Rock, Gina Rodriguez, Oscar Isaac, Lucy Liu, and Ken Jeong, to explore how racial stereotypes categorize and constrain actors. Their stories reveal the day-to-day racism actors of color experience in talent agents’ offices, at auditions, and on sets. Yuen also exposes sexist hiring and programming practices, highlighting the structural inequalities that actors of color, particularly women, continue to face in Hollywood. This book not only conveys the harsh realities of racial inequality in Hollywood, but also provides vital insights from actors who have succeeded on their own terms, whether by sidestepping the system or subverting it from within. Considering how their struggles impact real-world attitudes about race and diversity, Reel Inequality follows actors of color as they suffer, strive, and thrive in Hollywood.
Reel Kabbalah: Jewish Mysticism and Neo-Hasidism in Contemporary Cinema
by Brian OgrenReel Kabbalah: Jewish Mysticism and Neo-Hasidism in Contemporary Cinema studies the ways in which fictional film in the first decade of the twenty-first century represents the esoteric Jewish speculative traditions known as Kabbalah and Hasidism. It examines the textual and conceptual traditions behind five important cinematic representations -- Pi (1998), Ushpizin (2004), Bee Season (2005), The Secrets (2007), and A Serious Man (2009) -- and it considers how film both stands in continuity with those traditions and modifies them in the New Age vein of what is known as neo-Kabbalah and neo-Hasidism. Brian Ogren transforms our understanding of reception history by focusing on how cinema has altered perceptions of Jewish mysticism. In showing how the Jewish speculative traditions of Kabbalah and Hasidism have been able to affect mass-consumed cinematic portrayals of ultimate Truth, this book sheds light on the New Age, pop-cultural dialectic of the particular within the universal and of the universal within the particular.
Reel Racism: Confronting Hollywood's Construction Of Afro-american Culture (Thinking Through Cinema Ser.)
by Vincent F. RocchioThis study looks beyond reflection theories of the media to examine cinema's active participation in the operations of racism - a complex process rooted in the dynamics of representation. Written for undergraduates and graduate students of film studies and philosophy, this work focuses on methods and frameworks that analyze films for their production of meaning and how those meanings participate in a broader process of justifying, naturalizing, or legitimizing difference, privilege, and violence based on race. In addition to analyzing how the process of racism is articulated in specific films, it examines how specific meanings can resist their function of ideological containment, and instead, offer a perspective of a more collective, egalitarian social system - one that transcends the discourse of race.
Reel Time: Movie Exhibitors and Movie Audiences in Prairie Canada, 1896 to 1986
by Robert M. Seiler Tamara P. SeilerIn this authoritative work, Seiler and Seiler argues that the establishment and development of moviegoing and movie exhibition in Prairie Canada is best understood in the context of changing late-nineteenth-century and early-twentieth-century social, economic, and technological developments. From the first entrepreneurs who attempted to lure customers in to movie exhibition halls, to the digital revolution and its impact on moviegoing, Reel Time highlights the pivotal role of amusement venues in shaping the leisure activities of working- and middle-class people across North America. As marketing efforts, the lavish interiors of the movie palace and the romantic view of the local movie theatre concealed a competitive environment in which producers, exhibitors, and distributors tried to monopolize the industry and drive their rivals out of business. The pitched battles and power struggles between national movie theatre chains took place at the same time that movie exhibitors launched campaigns to reassure moviegoers that theatres were no longer the “unclean and immoral places of amusement” of yesteryear. Under the leadership of impresarios, the movie theatre rose up from these attacks to become an important social and cultural centre – one deemed “suitable for women and children.” An innovative examination of moviegoing as a social practice and movie exhibition as a commercial enterprise, Reel Time depicts how the industry shaped the development of the Canadian Prairie West and propelled the region into the modern era.
Reel to Real: Race, class and sex at the movies (Routledge Classics)
by bell hooksMovies matter – that is the message of Reel to Real, bell hooks’ classic collection of essays on film. They matter on a personal level, providing us with unforgettable moments, even life-changing experiences and they can confront us, too, with the most profound social issues of race, sex and class. Here bell hooks – one of America’s most celebrated and thrilling cultural critics – talks back to films that have moved and provoked her, from Quentin Tarantino’s Pulp Fiction to the work of Spike Lee. Including also her conversations with master filmmakers such as Charles Burnett and Julie Dash, Reel to Real is a must read for anyone who believes that movies are worth arguing about.
Reel World: An Anthropology of Creation
by Anand Pandian Walter MurchReel World explores what happens to life when everything begins to look and feel like cinema. Drawing on years of fieldwork with Tamil filmmakers, artists, musicians, and craftsmen in the south Indian movie studios of "Kollywood," Anand Pandian examines how ordinary moments become elements of a cinematic world. With inventive, experimental, and sometimes comical zeal, Pandian pursues the sensory richness of cinematic experience and the adventure of a writing true to these sensations. Thinking with the visceral power of sound and image, his stories also broach deeply philosophical themes such as desire, time, wonder, and imagination. In a spirit devoted to the turbulence and uncertainty of genesis, Reel World brings into focus an ecology of creative process: the many forces, feelings, beings, and things that infuse human endeavors with transformative potential.
Reencounters: On the Korean War and Diasporic Memory Critique (Asian American History & Cultu #204)
by Crystal Mun-hye BaikIn Reencounters,Crystal Mun-hye Baik examines what it means to live with and remember an ongoing war when its manifestations—hypervisible and deeply sensed—become everyday formations delinked from militarization. Contemplating beyond notions of inherited trauma and post memory, Baik offers the concept of reencounters to better track the Korean War’s illegible entanglements through an interdisciplinary archive of diasporic memory works that includes oral history projects, performances, and video installations rarely examined by Asian American studies scholars. Baik shows how Korean refugee migrations are repackaged into celebrated immigration narratives, how transnational adoptees are reclaimed by the South Korean state as welcomed “returnees,” and how militarized colonial outposts such as Jeju Island are recalibrated into desirable tourist destinations. Baik argues that as the works by Korean and Korean/American artists depict this Cold War historiography, they also offer opportunities to remember otherwise the continuing war. Ultimately, Reencounters wrestles with questions of the nature of war, racial and sexual violence, and neoliberal surveillance in the twenty-first century.
Reengineering the 2010 Census: Risks and Challenges
by Panel on Research on Future Census MethodsAt the request of the U.S. Census Bureau, the National Research Council's Committee on National Statistics established the Panel on Research on Future Census Methods to review the early planning process for the 2010 census. <P><P>This new report documents the panel's strong support for the major aims of the Census Bureau's emerging plan for 2010. At the same time, it notes the considerable challenges that must be overcome if the bureau's innovations are to be successful. The panel agrees with the Census Bureau that implementation of the American Community Survey and, with it, the separation of the long form from the census process are excellent concepts. <P><P>Moreover, it concurs that the critically important Master Address File and TIGER geographic systems are in dire need of comprehensive updating and that new technologies have the potential to improve the accuracy of the count. <P><P>The report identifies the risks and rewards of these and other components of the Census Bureau's plan. The report emphasizes the need for the bureau to link its research and evaluation efforts much more closely to operational planning and the importance of funding for a comprehensive and rigorous testing program before 2010.
Refashioning Futures: Criticism after Postcoloniality (Princeton Studies in Culture/Power/History)
by David ScottHow can we best forge a theoretical practice that directly addresses the struggles of once-colonized countries, many of which face the collapse of both state and society in today's era of economic reform? David Scott argues that recent cultural theories aimed at "deconstructing" Western representations of the non-West have been successful to a point, but that changing realities in these countries require a new approach. In Refashioning Futures, he proposes a strategic practice of criticism that brings the political more clearly into view in areas of the world where the very coherence of a secular-modern project can no longer be taken for granted. Through a series of linked essays on culture and politics in his native Jamaica and in Sri Lanka, the site of his long scholarly involvement, Scott examines the ways in which modernity inserted itself into and altered the lives of the colonized. The institutional procedures encoded in these modern postcolonial states and their legal systems come under scrutiny, as do our contemporary languages of the political. Scott demonstrates that modern concepts of political representation, community, rights, justice, obligation, and the common good do not apply universally and require reconsideration. His ultimate goal is to describe the modern colonial past in a way that enables us to appreciate more deeply the contours of our historical present and that enlarges the possibility of reshaping it.