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The Psychology of Facial Expression
by James A. Russell José Miguel Fernández-DolsThis reference work provides broad and up-to-date coverage of the major perspectives - ethological, neurobehavioral, developmental, dynamic systems, componential - on facial expression. It reviews Darwin's legacy in the theories of Izard and Tomkins and in Fridlund's recently proposed Behavioral Ecology theory. It explores continuing controversies on universality and innateness. It also updates the research guidelines of Ekman, Friesen and Ellsworth. This book anticipates emerging research questions: what is the role of culture in children's understanding of faces? In what precise ways do faces depend on the immediate context? What is the ecology of facial expression: when do different expressions occur and in what frequency? The Psychology of Facial Expressions is aimed at students, researchers and educators in psychology anthropology, and sociology who are interested in the emotive and communicative uses of facial expression.
Psychology of Fear, Crime and the Media: International Perspectives (Researching Social Psychology)
by Derek ChadeeThe media continue to have a significant persuasive influence on the public perception of crime, even when the information presented is not reflective of the crime rate or actual crime itself. There have been numerous theoretical studies on fear of crime in the media, but few have considered this from a social psychological perspective. As new media outlets emerge and public dependence on them increases, the need for such awareness has never been greater. This volume lays the foundation for understanding fear of crime from a social psychological perspective in a way that has not yet been systematically presented to the academic world. This volume brings together an international team of experts and scholars to assess the role of fear and the media in everyday life. Chapters take a multidisciplinary approach to psychology, sociology and criminology and explore such topics as dual process theory, construal level theory, public fascination with gangs, and other contemporary issues.
Psychology of Gang Involvement (Routledge Studies in Criminal Behaviour)
by Jane L. Wood Jaimee S. Mallion Sarah Frisby-OsmanPsychology of Gang Involvement expands existing knowledge by applying psychological knowledge to gangs, including how gang members think, their mental and emotional well-being, and their perceptions of gang involvement, as well as issues relating to gang prevention and intervention strategies. This book offers readers a clearer understanding of the important role that social psychological processes play in the formation and maintenance of gangs and gang membership. It will enhance readers’ understanding of gang members’ social cognition, emotional intelligence, well-being, and mental health, as well as how these factors potentially promote and sustain individual gang involvement. Readers will discover also how these important psychological characteristics vary according to an individual’s commitment to a gang. Organized in three sections, the first focuses on issues relevant to theoretical perspectives of gang involvement. Chapters include detailed examinations of a gang member’s experiences and the implications of these for theoretical development, and considerations of the importance of social and psychological issues such as group processes and levels of commitment to gang membership to, understand and explain involvement in gangs. The second section centers on issues such as adverse childhood experiences and trauma, and examines their links to male and female gang membership as potential risk factors and outcomes of gang involvement. The section concludes by contemplating how the mental health, traumatic experiences, and involvement in violence compares between gang members and other violent men in adulthood. The final section considers current responses to gang membership by evaluating individual and group-based approaches to gang prevention and intervention strategies, and concludes with a theoretical conceptualization of how a strengths-based approach could work to reduce gang involvement. This book will be a useful text for a wide range of readers interested in, or working with gang members, including academics and students, practitioners, youth workers, clinicians, and criminal justice agents.
Psychology of Gender: Fifth Edition
by Vicki S. HelgesonNoted for its fair and equal coverage of men and women, this book reviews the research and issues surrounding gender from multiple perspectives including psychology, sociology, anthropology, and public health, with an emphasis on the interaction between biological and social theories. The implications of social roles, status, and gender-related traits on relationships and health that are central to students' daily lives are emphasized throughout. Students learn how to distinguish the similarities and differences between the sexes and the theories that explain the differences. Methodological flaws that may impact the observance of sex differences are also examined. Learning activities and pedagogical tools included in the text: Do Gender exercises which provide an opportunity to test hypotheses and explore data Sidebars on special interest topics and numerous visuals?that bring the studies to life Take Home Points that summarize key concepts in bulleted format Boldfaced key terms and definitions, chapter summaries, discussion questions, and suggested readings which help students review the material New to the 5th Edition: Expanded sections on cohabitation, homosexuality, online relationships, social media influences, single-sex classrooms, sex differences in math abilities, and gender implications of divorce on health Expanded coverage of gender and parenting, gender and the workplace, gender and power, and balancing work and family An expanded intersectional approach that highlights how gender is connected to social class, race, and ethnicity, including more coverage of gender system justification theory Coverage of transgender issues including recent changes in the DSM guidelines Streamlined discussions to further engage students to think about gender issues A companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/Helgeson where instructors will find Power Point slides, multiple choice quizzes, and short answer questions with suggested answers for each chapter; and students will find flashcards of key terms, chapter outlines, and links to related websites and further reading Divided into three parts, each section builds on the previous one. First, gender and the development of gender roles across cultures are introduced. Scientific methods used to study gender, attitudes toward gender, and the latest data and theories on sex differences in cognitive, social, and emotional domains are then introduced. Theories of gender-role development, including evolutionary, social learning, social role, and gender schema theories are reviewed along with the implications of gender on achievement. Part one reviews the key information on the similarities and differences between the sexes and the theories that explain the differences which lay the foundation for the remainder of the book. Part two examines the role of gender in relationships including communication styles and the impact of these interactions on friendship and romantic relationships. The third part examines the role of gender on physical and mental health. The effects of marriage and parenting on health are reviewed, including domestic abuse, along with how gender affects the association between work and health. This is an ideal text for upper level gender-focused courses including the psychology of gender, psychology of women or men, gender issues, and gender, women’s, or men’s studies taught in psychology, women’s studies, gender studies, sociology, and anthropology.
The Psychology of Gender: Fourth Edition
by Vicki S. HelgesonUnlike other gender texts, Psychology of Gender focuses equally on both men and women, drawing from empirical research and conceptual discussions.The book includes research and discussions surrounding gender in the areas of psychology, sociology, anthropology, medicine, and public health. It reviews the research from multiple perspectives, but emphasizes the implications of social roles, status, and gender-related traits, particularly for relationships and health–areas that are central to students' lives and that have a great impact on their day-to-day functioning. The text is designed for upper-level undergraduate/graduate-level gender-focused courses in a variety of departments.
Psychology of Gender
by Vicki S. HelgesonNoted for its fair and equal coverage of men and women, Psychology of Gender reviews the research and issues surrounding gender from multiple perspectives, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, and public health. Going far beyond discussions of biological sex and gender identity, the text explores the roles that society has assigned to females and males and the other variables that co-occur with sex, such as status and gender-related traits. The implications of social roles, status, and gender-related traits for relationships and health are also examined. The text begins with a discussion of the nature of gender and development of gender roles, before reviewing communication and interaction styles and how they impact our friendships and romantic relationships. It concludes with an exploration of how gender influences both physical and mental health. New to the 6th Edition: Emphasis on the intersectionality of gender, considering it as a part of wider social categories such as race, ethnicity, social class, and gender identity Recognition of the increasingly prevalent view that gender is nonbinary Extended coverage of LGBTQ individuals, their relationships, and their health Expanded discussions of key issues including gender-role strain, gender fluidity, women and STEM, parenthood, balancing family and work demands, online communication, and sexual harassment Accompanied by a comprehensive companion website featuring resources for students and instructors, alongside extensive student learning features throughout the book, Psychology of Gender is an essential read for all students of gender from psychology, women’s studies, gender studies, sociology, and anthropology.
Psychology of Gender Through the Lens of Culture
by Saba Safdar Natasza Kosakowska-BerezeckaThis unique collection brings a rarely-seen indigenous and global perspective to the study of gender and psychology. Within these chapters, researchers who live and work in the countries and cultures they study examine gender-based norms, values, expression, and relations across diverse Western and non-Western societies. Familiar as well as less-covered locations and topics are analyzed, including China, New Zealand, Israel, Turkey, Central America, the experience of refugees, and gendered health inequities across Africa such as in the treatment of persons with HIV. Included, too, are examples of culturally appropriate interventions to address disparities, and data on the extent to which these steps toward equality are working. Structurally, the volume is divided into three sections. The first two parts of the book take readers on a journey to different regions of the world to illustrate the most recent trends in research concerning gender issues, and then outline present implications and future prospects for the psychological analysis of both gender & culture. The third section of the book has an applied perspective and focuses on the cultural norms and values reinforcing gender equality as well as cultural and social barriers to them. A sampling of the topics covered: Sexual orientation across culture and time. A broader conceptualization of sexism in Poland. An analysis of gender roles within the family in Switzerland Modern-day dowries in South Asian international arranged marriages. The current state of gender equality in the United States of America. Socio-cultural determinants of gender disparity in Ghana. Psychology of Gender Through the Lens of Culture is a milestone toward core human rights and goals worldwide, and a critical resource for psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, gender studies researchers, public policy makers and all those interested in promoting gender equality throughout the world.
The Psychology of Global Mobility
by Stuart C. CarrHuman mobility has been a defining feature of human social evolution. In a global community, the term "mobility" captures the full gamut of types, directions, and patterns of human movement. The psychology of mobility is important because movement is inherently behavioral. Much of the behavioral study of mobility has focused on the negative - examining the trauma of forced migration, or the health consequences of the lack of adaptation - but this work looks into the benefits of mobility, such as its impact on career capital and well-being. Recent years have witnessed a phenomenal increase in efforts to understand human mobility, by social scientists, think-tanks, and policymakers alike. The book focuses on the transformational potential of mobility for human development. The book details the historical, methodological, and theoretical trajectory of human mobility (Context), followed by sections on pre-departure incentives and predispositions (Motivation), influences on acculturation, health and community fit (Adjustment), and changes in career capital, overcoming bias, and diaspora networks (Performance).
The Psychology of Honor Abuse, Violence, and Killings (New Frontiers in Forensic Psychology)
by Roxanne KhanThis important book provides a much-needed exploration and examination of "honor" abuse, violence, and killings from a psychological perspective. Written by a leading authority on the subject, the book draws on a wide range of research and theory on victims and perpetrators to bridge the gap between research and practice.Presented in two parts, the book begins with a focus on teaching, research, and practice issues in forensic psychology and related criminal justice fields, integral to studying and working with victims and perpetrators of "honor" abuse, violence, and killing. The second part provides an overview of the main issues relevant to the psychology of honor abuse, violence, and killings. These include definitions, prevalence, crime characteristics, victims, and perpetrators. The final chapter presents a new explanatory three-phase model of "honor"-based abuse perpetration. Firsthand personal accounts and detailed cases studies are interwoven throughout, giving a voice to victims and bringing their real-life stories to the forefront.As the first psychologically based book to synthesize existing and new knowledge on "honor" abuse, the book is a must-read for anyone working with victims and/or perpetrators of "honor" abuse and domestic violence, including criminal justice professionals, mental health practitioners, policymakers, support agencies, emergency workers, and activists. It is also relevant for any students or researchers of gender-based violence and racially minoritized communities.
The Psychology of Joss Whedon: An Unauthorized Exploration of Buffy, Angel, and Firefly
by Joy Davidson Leah WilsonFirst there was &“Buffy the Vampire Slayer"; then its spin-off &“Angel"; then the cult hit &“Firefly"; and its follow-up film, &“Serenity." They all had two things in common: their creator, Joss Whedon … and their surprising psychological depth. Revisit the worlds of Joss Whedon … with trained psychologists at your side. What are the psychological effects of constantly fighting for your life? Why is neuroscience the Whedonverse's most terrifying villain? How can watching Joss's shows help you take on your own psychological issues? It's all the best parts of Psych 101—without Professor Walsh. * Robert Kurzban explains how Mal's morals are a form of evolutionary pornography, and why we like to watch * Thomas Flamson explores free will in the Whedonverse—with prophecies, sacred duties and the long arm of the Alliance, does anyone actually have any? * Carole Poole demonstrates how Buffy and Spike's season six relationship could be considered metaphor for narcissistic personality disorder—and concludes that Buffy may have been better off continuing it * Bradley J. Daniels looks at River's Alliance-altered brain, and the real effects of &“stripping" the amygdala * Mikhail Lyubansky shows why, psychologically, death really is Buffy's gift * And editor Joy Davidson takes on Angel's mommy issues—how the course of his whole extraordinary existence can be traced back to the woman who made him a vampire
The Psychology of Later Life: A Contextual Perspective
by Manfred Diehl Hans-Werner WahlRenowned experts in adult development and aging, Manfred Diehl and Hans‑Werner Wahl synthesize decades of psychological research into a comprehensive volume that considers later life in the context of lifespan development, social and physical environmental factors, and historical–cultural influences. In so doing, they review important research on cognitive functioning, behavioral processes, personality and identity development, and overall well‑being in middle to late adulthood. Diehl and Wahl&’s three-part framework helps readers better understand that the development process is influenced by multiple factors and can take many different trajectories. Through this contextualized perspective, they examine the influence that previous life experiences, beginning in early childhood, can have on the aging process in older adults. This includes social relations, technological advances, societal perspectives on aging, and education. The authors also examine the challenges and opportunities of aging, using a strength‑based approach to promote a diverse, nuanced understanding of successful, healthy aging. Chapters also conclude with dialogues from other experts in the field, offering multiple different perspectives on the research.
A Psychology of Liberation and Peace: For the Greater Good (Pan-African Psychologies)
by Chalmer E. ThompsonThis book addresses the need to radically transform societies plagued by racism. It places prominence on persistent racialized violence in the lives of Black Americans as influential in how Black people in the U.S. and abroad perceive themselves as Black in juxtaposition to their perceptions of White people and other People of Color. An absence of understanding of the often-masked role of violence in the lives of Black people increases the likelihood of reproducing it. The author offers a reformulation of racial identity theory to examine the construction of Manichaeism in people and societies, and how meaningful engagement that confronts the violence is vital to psychological development, though this engagement also is not without dire risks.
The Psychology of Liberty: Reclaiming Everyday Freedom
by Barbara A. KerrThis book introduces a new concept of liberty, based on the idea that being free means being the humans we evolved to be in our first 200,000 years. With perspectives from psychology, anthropology, and sociology, the author shows how throughout history, dominant individuals and status hierarchies have injured our psychological and physical well-being. Readers discover simple behaviors that make humans feel free (like gossiping, playing, making, and storytelling) and are prompted to a compelling reflection threats to this freedom. Psychology of Liberty: Reclaiming Everyday Freedom explores the dynamics of creative families, communities, and societies, showing how they sustain human freedom. The author identifies new pathways to freedom, drawing from examples of resistance to authoritarianism. In this timely and ambitious book, the author combines personal narrative with academic research to make complex ideas accessible.
The Psychology of Music Listening for Health and Wellbeing Professionals
by Katrina Skewes McFerran Carol Barbara LotterThis book comprehensively reviews wide-ranging research describing the uses of music listening for health and wellbeing outcomes. Drawing on the work of diverse professionals from around the globe, the authors provide engaging illustrations of using music with people in practice, combined with recommendations from their many years of applied practice in hospitals, schools, community organisations, and universities as music therapists, researchers and educators.Knowledge has been gathered into accessible chapters so that professionals can identify their own area of interest and go directly to it. This includes music listening for flourishing during difficult times, during life transitions, for stress in everyday life, problematic music listening, music listening for mental ill health and trauma, in acute hospital settings, for neurocognitive impairment, in rehabilitation and special education, for optimising performance, and in groups. A book for professionals who want to be informed by the latest research and expertise when using music listening in their work.
The Psychology of Musical Development
by David Hargreaves Alexandra LamontThe Psychology of Musical Development provides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of the latest theory, empirical research and applications in the study of musical development, an important and emerging field of music psychology. After considering how people now engage with music in the digital world, and reviewing current advances in developmental and music psychology, Hargreaves and Lamont compare ten major theoretical approaches in this field - including cognitive stage models and neuroscientific, ecological and social cognitive approaches - and assess how successfully each of these deals with five critical theoretical issues. Individual chapters deal next with cognition, perception and learning; social development; environmental influences on ability, achievement and motivation; identity, personality and lifestyle; affect and emotion; and well-being and health. With an emphasis on practical applications throughout, this book will be essential reading for students and scholars of music psychology, developmental psychology, music education and music therapy.
The Psychology of People: The Little Book of Psychology & What Makes You You
by Thomas KingEasy-to-Understand Human Psychology with Psych2Go!#1 New Release in Medical Experimental Psychology, Humanist Philosophy. and Popular Experimental PsychologyFinally understand why you do things differently from the rest! Psych2go created this guide to connect the history of human psychology with practical mental health therapy tools to help you thrive in your everyday life.Discover things about yourself! With The Psychology of People, learn about the history of human psychology—and apply it to your own life. Understand your innate need to conform, the roots of your social anxiety, how to heal and grow emotionally—and so much more!An empath’s survival guide to psychology. Written by the creators of the popular youtube channel, blog, and website called Psych2go, The Psychology of People is one of the best mental wellness books that gives practical and applicable methods! From the ethics of experimental psychology to therapy techniques, The Psychology of People helps you develop empathy for yourself and others. Inside, you’ll find:Your very own, therapist on the go, packed with practical methods and experimentsHow to understand and rewire your brain by discovering psychological-based patterns in yourself and othersOne of the best books about psychology, the history of psychology, and the ethics of experimental science If you're looking for psychology books to read, mental wellness books, or books on human psychology, then grab your copy today! If you liked Collective Illusions, Read People Like a Book, or You Can Do All Things, you’ll definitely love The Psychology of People.
The Psychology of Personal Constructs: Volume One: Theory and Personality
by George KellyFirst published in 1992. Unavailable for many years this is a reissue of George Kelly's classic work. It is the bible of personal construct psychology written by its founder. The first volume presents the theory of personal construct psychology.
The Psychology of Political Behavior in a Time of Change (Identity in a Changing World)
by Jan D. Sinnott Joan S. RabinThis volume seeks to add a unique perspective on the complex relationship between psychology and politics, focusing on three analytical points of view: 1) psychology, politics, and complex thought, 2) bio/psycho/social factors of masculinity and power, and 3) underlying factors in political behavior. Contributors examine recent political events worldwide through a psychological lens, using interdisciplinary approaches to seek a deeper understanding of contemporary political ideas, psychologies, and behaviors. Finally, the book offers suggestions for surviving and thriving during rapid political change. Among the topics discussed: Biopsychological factors of political beliefs and behaviorsUnderstanding political polarization through a cognitive lensImpact of psychological processes on voter decision makingMotivations for believing in conspiracy theoriesNonverbal cues in leadershipAuthoritarian responses to social changeThe Psychology of Political Behavior in a Time of Change is a timely and insightful volume for students and researchers in psychology, political science, gender studies, business and marketing, and sociology, as well as those working in applied settings: practitioners, government workers, NGOs, corporate organizations.
The Psychology of Political Communicators: How Politicians, Culture, and the Media Construct and Shape Public Discourse (Routledge Studies in Political Psychology)
by Ofer Feldman Sonja ZmerliIn this timely study, Ofer Feldman, Sonja Zmerli, and their team of experts shed light on the multiple ways communication affects political behavior and attitudes. Written for students and scholars alike, The Psychology of Political Communicators uses examples from the US, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East to examine the nature, characteristics, content, and reception of communication in three major areas of discourse: The style and nature of language used by political actors in the national and international arenas The discourse used in nationalist populist movements and during negative campaigns The rhetoric of the media as it tries to frame politics, political events, and political actors Collectively, the essays form a solid foundation on which to understand the different roles language plays in the conduct of politics, the way in which these roles are performed in various situations in different societies and cultures, and the political outcomes of verbal behavior. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of political psychology and communication studies.
The Psychology of Prejudice (The Psychology of Everything)
by Richard GrossWhy do we develop extreme attitudes to others? Can our personality contribute to our prejudices? How do we reduce prejudice and discrimination? The Psychology of Prejudice explores different forms of prejudice and discrimination, from racial jokes to genocide. It looks at what might cause our prejudiced attitudes, including our personalities, social influences, group identity, and evolutionary factors, and how prejudice can be reduced through education, campaigning, and consciousness raising. Offering insights into a topic of great public concern and debate, The Psychology of Prejudice shows us how we can confront our prejudiced attitudes and contribute to greater tolerance and understanding.
The Psychology of Prejudice: From Attitudes to Social Action
by Lynne M. JacksonThis second edition of Lynne Jackson&’s seminal text presents a significantly updated review of the psychological underpinnings of prejudicial attitudes and behaviors. Given the weaponization of cultural and ideological differences in politics, education, and social media today, the need to understand and fight prejudice is urgent. Jackson synthesizes new research from various areas of psychology to analyze contemporary examples of prejudice, including anti-immigrant policies, police violence against minorities, anti-woman and LGBTQ backlash, and ageist cultural biases. She also explores frequently overlooked issues related to prejudice, such as environmental inequality and speciesism. Drawing from literature in social, developmental, evolutionary, and personality psychology, Jackson explores the environmental and biological roots of prejudice, explaining how societal factors and human predispositions shape how people understand and respond to diversity. She draws connections between prejudice and other social justice issues showing how it is related to greater social problems like inequality and political polarization. She also offers readers a blueprint for overcoming these deeply embedded biases by improving intergroup attitudes and building communities to create progressive social change.
The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism
by Joop Van Der Pligt Willem KoomenTerrorism and radicalization have a long history, but in recent years their prominence has been a particularly conspicuous and influential feature of the global political landscape. This important book presents an overview of the processes involved in radicalization and terrorism, and introduces a systematic framework which captures the most crucial individual and social factors involved in determining these processes. The authors begin by considering the possible role of prejudice, economic deprivation, and discrimination, and the cognitive responses and emotions they can trigger. Such responses tend in turn to increase the importance of group membership, and promote intergroup differentiation and polarization, a process which is often accompanied by more pronounced and more extreme religious and ideological beliefs. The book also describes the role of cultural values and social climate in processes of radicalization, as well as the role of personality factors and demographics such as age and marital status. As for violent terrorist action itself, this final most radical stage is elicited by a number of group factors such as groupthink, isolation, and leadership. Certain cognitive mechanisms - for example, dehumanizing the target and attributing responsibility elsewhere - can also provide excuses for violence. The book explores why some groups turn to violence and others don't, and it addresses processes of disengagement, deradicalization programs, and other methods used to inhibit the spread of radicalization and terrorism. The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism takes a unique and systematic approach to a vital topic, integrating knowledge from diverse literatures, and using social psychology as a basis for comprehending human behaviour. It will be essential reading for students and researchers from all disciplines seeking a greater understanding of terrorism and violent political conflict in all its forms.
Psychology of Religion
by Jacob A. BelzenIn the past four decades or so, the so-called psychology of religion - after having been deemed extinct, impossible or unlikely - has risen to prominence again: the number of publications is rapidly growing, an impressive secondary literature (handbooks, introductions, etc.) is available already, infrastructure has been developed (a number of new journals devoted to the subject have been founded, organizations have been established, increasingly funding is going to the area), attracting many new researchers. Organizations like the American Psychological Association are now publishing in the field of psychology of religion (and its Div. 36 ["psych of rel"] with almost 3,000 members is already midsized among the APA-divisions). This book documents this re-emergence and development.
The Psychology of Religion and Place: Emerging Perspectives
by Victor Counted Fraser WattsThis book examines the role of religious and spiritual experiences in people’s understanding of their environment. The contributors consider how understandings and experiences of religious and place connections are motivated by the need to seek and maintain contact with perceptual objects, so as to form meaningful relationship experiences. The volume is one of the first scholarly attempts to discuss the psychological links between place and religious experiences.The chapters within provide insights for understanding how people’s experiences with geographical places and the sacred serve as agencies for meaning-making, pro-social behaviour, and psychological adjustment in everyday life.
The Psychology of Restorative Justice: Managing the Power Within
by Theo GavrielidesThis ground-breaking collection dares to take the next step in the advancement of an autonomous, inter-disciplinary restorative justice field of study. It brings together criminology, social psychology, legal theory, neuroscience, affect-script psychology, sociology, forensic mental health, political sciences, psychology and positive psychology to articulate for the first time a psychological concept of restorative justice. To this end, the book studies the power structures of the restorative justice movement, the very psychology, motivations and emotions of the practitioners who implement it as well as the drivers of its theoreticians and researchers. Furthermore, it examines the strengths and weakness of our own societies and the communities that are called to participate as parties in restorative justice. Their own biases, hunger for power and control, fears and hopes are investigated. The psychology and dynamics between those it aims to reach as well as those who are funding it, including policy makers and politicians, are looked into. All these questions lead to creating an understanding of the psychology of restorative justice. The book is essential reading for academics, researchers, policymakers, practitioners and campaigners.