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A Companion to Life Course Studies: The Social and Historical Context of the British Birth Cohort Studies (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Michael Wadsworth; John BynnerSince the end of the Second World War, society has been characterised by rapid and extensive political, economic, scientific, and technological change. Opportunities for education, employment, human relations, and good health, have all been greatly affected by those changes, as have all aspects of life. Consequently, each post-war generation has been like no other before or since. Britain, uniquely, has five large-scale life course studies that began at intervals throughout that period. They have shown how lives are shaped by individual characteristics, their past and current experiences and opportunities, and so reflect their times. This book describes those fundamental changes that affected life chances differently in each generation, and how governments struggled to accommodate the changes with new policies for improving and managing the nation's capital in terms of education, family policy, health, human rights, and economics. A Companion to Life Course Studies provides a resource for the interpretation of the findings and design differences in the five studies, and the stimulus for new comparisons of life course between these differing generations that would contribute to policy and to understanding.
A Companion to Marx's Grundrisse
by David HarveyDavid Harvey tackles Marx's notebooks that have spawned wide-ranging and raging controversiesWhen leading scholar of Marx, Roman Rosdolsky, first encountered the virtually unknown text of Marx&’s Grundrisse - his preparatory work for his masterpiece Das Capital - in the 1950s in New York Public Library, he recognized it as &“a work of fundamental importance,&” but declared &“its unusual form&” and &“obscure manner of expression, made it far from suitable for reaching a wide circle of readers.&”David Harvey&’s Companion to Marx&’s Grundrisse builds upon his widely acclaimed companions to the first and second volumes of Capital in a way that will reach as wide an audience as possible. Marx&’s stated ambition for this text - where he was thinking aloud about some of possible metamorphoses of capitalism - is to reveal &“the exact development of the concept of capital as the fundamental concept of modern economics, just as capital itself is the foundation of bourgeois society.&” While respecting Marx&’s desire to &“bring out all the contradictions of bourgeois production, as well as the boundary where it drives beyond itself,&” David Harvey also pithily illustrates the relevance of Marx&’s text to understanding the troubled state of contemporary capitalism.
A Companion to Medical Anthropology (Wiley Blackwell Companions to Anthropology)
by Merrill Singer Pamela I. Erickson César E. Abadía-BarreroThe fully revised new edition of the defining reference work in the field of medical anthropology A Companion to Medical Anthropology, Second Edition provides the most complete account of the key issues and debates in this dynamic, rapidly growing field. Bringing together contributions by leading international authorities in medical anthropology, this comprehensive reference work presents critical assessments and interpretations of a wide range of topical themes, including global and environmental health, political violence and war, poverty, malnutrition, substance abuse, reproductive health, and infectious diseases. Throughout the text, readers explore the global, historical, and political factors that continue to influence how health and illness are experienced and understood. The second edition is fully updated to reflect current controversies and significant new developments in the anthropology of health and related fields. More than twenty new and revised articles address research areas including war and health, illicit drug abuse, climate change and health, colonialism and modern biomedicine, activist-led research, syndemics, ethnomedicines, biocommunicability, COVID-19, and many others. Highlighting the impact medical anthropologists have on global health care policy and practice, A Companion to Medical Anthropology, Second Edition: Features specially commissioned articles by medical anthropologists working in communities worldwide Discusses future trends and emerging research areas in the field Describes biocultural approaches to health and illness and research design and methods in applied medical anthropology Addresses topics including chronic diseases, rising levels of inequality, war and health, migration and health, nutritional health, self-medication, and end of life care Part of the acclaimed Wiley Blackwell Companions to Anthropology series, A Companion to Medical Anthropology, Second Edition, remains an indispensable resource for medical anthropologists, as well as an excellent textbook for courses in medical anthropology, ethnomedicine, global health care, and medical policy.
A Company of One: Insecurity, Independence, and the New World of White-Collar Unemployment
by Carrie M. LaneBeing laid off can be a traumatic event. The unemployed worry about how they will pay their bills and find a new job. In the American economy's boom-and-bust business cycle since the 1980s, repeated layoffs have become part of working life. In A Company of One, Carrie M. Lane finds that the new culture of corporate employment, changes to the job search process, and dual-income marriage have reshaped how today's skilled workers view unemployment. Through interviews with seventy-five unemployed and underemployed high-tech white-collar workers in the Dallas area over the course of the 2000s, Lane shows that they have embraced a new definition of employment in which all jobs are temporary and all workers are, or should be, independent "companies of one."Following the experiences of individual jobseekers over time, Lane explores the central role that organized networking events, working spouses, and neoliberal ideology play in forging and reinforcing a new individualist, pro-market response to the increasingly insecure nature of contemporary employment. She also explores how this new perspective is transforming traditional ideas about masculinity and the role of men as breadwinners. Sympathetic to the benefits that this "company of one" ideology can hold for its adherents, Lane also details how it hides the true costs of an insecure workforce and makes collective and political responses to job loss and downward mobility unlikely.
A Comparative Analysis of European Time Transfers between Generations and Genders (SpringerBriefs in Population Studies)
by Emilio Zagheni Marina Zannella Gabriel Movsesyan Brittney WagnerThis comparative study of European time transfers reveals the full extent of transfers in the form of unpaid work and highlights the existence of important gender differences in household time production. A large quantity of goods and services are produced by household members for their own consumption, without involving market transactions. Despite the economic and social importance of unpaid work, these productive activities are largely invisible to traditional national economic accounts. As a consequence, standard measures of intergenerational transfers typically ignore household production, and thus underestimate the overall value of goods and services produced over the life cycle; in particular, the economic contribution of females. The book uses a life course approach to offer policy-relevant insights into the effect of demographic and social change on intergenerational ties and gender inequality in household production.
A Compendium of Italian Economists at Oxbridge: Contributions to the Evolution of Economic Thinking
by Mauro Baranzini Amalia MiranteThisstudy examines five decades of Italian economists who studied or researched atthe Universities of Oxford and Cambridge between the years 1950 and 2000. Providing a detailed list of Italian economists associated with Hicks, Harrod,Bacharach, Flemming, Mirrlees, Sen and other distinguished dons, the authorsexamine eleven research lines, including the Sraffa and the neo-Ricardianschool, the post-Keynesian school and the Stone's and Goodwin's schools. Baranzini and Mirante trace the influence of the schools in terms of 1) theirfundamental role in the evolution of economic thought; 2) their promotion offour key controversies (on the measurement of technical progress, on capitaltheory, on income distribution and on the inter-generational transmission ofwealth); 3) the counter-flow of Oxbridge scholars to academia in Italy, and 4)the invigoration of a third generation of Italian economists researching orteaching at Oxbridge today. A must-read for all those interested in the way Italian and British research has shaped the study and teaching of economics.
A Complex Integral Realist Perspective: Towards A New Axial Vision
by Paul MarshallThis book sketches the contours of a vision that moves beyond the dominant paradigm or worldview that underlies and governs modernity (and postmodernity). It does so by drawing on the remarkable leap in human consciousness that occurred during the Axial Age and on a cross-pollination of what are arguably the three most comprehensive integrative metatheories available today: Complex thought, integral theory and critical realism – i.e. a complex integral realism. By deploying the three integrative metatheories this book recounts how the seeds of a number of biases within the Western tradition – analytical over dialectical, epistemology over ontology, presence over absence and exterior over interior – were first sown in axial Greece, later consolidated in European modernity and then challenged throughout the 20th century. It then discusses the remedies provided by the three integrative philosophies, remedies that have paved the way for a new vision. Outlining a ‘new axial vision’ for the twenty-first century which integrates the best of premodernity, modernity and postmodernity within a complex integral realist framework, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of the Axial Age, critical realism, integral theory and complex thought. It will also appeal to those interested in a possible integration of the insights and knowledge gleaned by science, spirituality and philosophy.
A Complexity Perspective on Researching Organisations: Taking Experience Seriously (Complexity as the Experience of Organizing)
by Douglas Griffin Ralph StaceyPart of the Complexity as the Experience of Organizing series, this book applies complex responsiveness theory to real-life leadership experiences. It features contributions from and details the experience of organizational practitioners, leaders, consultants and managers from various organizations through narrative accounts. It addresses questions such as: How do widespread or global patterns emerge and evolve in the local interactions between people? What actually happens in global change programmes? What does this imply about the relationship between the local and the global? Exploring the perspective of complex responsive processes, the book’s contributors examine how this assists them in making sense of their experience, and how this awareness then leads to their development. This book is a valuable study for academics, business school students and practitioners, as rather than offering mere descriptions of organizational life, it provides reflective accounts of real-life experiences of researching in organizations.
A Comprehensive and Comparative Grammar of English Creoles
by Anand SyeaA Comprehensive and Comparative Grammar of English Creoles provides a detailed, comprehensive description of the morphology, grammar, and syntax of a selected number of English creoles, including those spoken on both sides of the Atlantic and the Pacific. This book: • Focuses on a number of traditional grammatical categories to provide a comprehensive description and discussion of these languages; • Identifies not only how creoles differ from their lexifier, but also how they differ from one another; • Provides effective comparative descriptions to enable an insightful understanding of language evolution. This book will be ideal supplementary reading for students and researchers of linguistics, and will particularly appeal to those with an interest in descriptive linguistics, historical linguistics, World Englishes, contact and creole linguistics, and language policy and planning.
A Conception of Teaching
by Nathaniel L. GageThe literature of the behavioural and social sciences is full of theory and research on learning and memory. Teaching is comparatively a stepchild, neglected by those who have built a formidable body of theories of learning and memory. However, teaching is where learning and memory theory should pay off. "A Conception of Teaching" dedicates a chapter to each of the following important components: the need for a theory; the possibility of a theory; the evolution of a paradigm for the study of teaching; a conception of the process of teaching; a conception of the content of teaching; a conception of students' cognitive capabilities and motivations; a conception of classroom management; and the integration of these conceptions. Written in a highly accessible style, while maintaining a base in research, Dr. Nathaniel L. Gage presents "A Conception of Teaching" with clarity and well situated within current educational debates.
A Conceptual Guide to Statistics Using SPSS
by Steven P. Reise Elliot T. BerkmanBridging an understanding of Statistics and SPSS.This unique text helps students develop a conceptual understanding of a variety of statistical tests by linking the ideas learned in a statistics class from a traditional statistics textbook with the computational steps and output from SPSS. Each chapter begins with a student-friendly explanation of the concept behind each statistical test and how the test relates to that concept. The authors then walk through the steps to compute the test in SPSS and the output, clearly linking how the SPSS procedure and output connect back to the conceptual underpinnings of the test. By drawing clear connections between the theoretical and computational aspects of statistics, this engaging text aids students' understanding of theoretical concepts by teaching them in a practical context.
A Concise Guide to Project Collaboration: Building a Delivery Organization
by Robin HornbyEasy to read and act on immediately, this concise guide shows how organizations can work more effectively with in-house or contracted project managers and their teams, using specific collaborative techniques to improve success rates, reduce project costs, and enable organizations to benefit from common-sense, cost-effective project management approaches that work. Using a clear structure and accessible style, the book demonstrates how: Managers can create an organizational environment more naturally adapted for project work and recognition of business priorities; Barriers to project work can be removed so project managers can focus on resolving real project problems; Specific collaborative project management methods engaging business owners, users, and technical teams can be illuminated and implemented; Projects can fit within an architecture that aligns with business needs using models and workflow designs; and Standardized delivery management can unify in-house and vendor teams to create a uniform and predictable owner experience. The book is aimed at managers and executives (both IT and users) in corporations and vendor firms who are engaged in delivering projects. The book will also be invaluable to any project manager or senior practitioner who is interested in a business-oriented, unified, and collaborative approach to project management.
A Concise History of the Middle East: Eleventh Edition
by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. Aomar BoumAn introduction to the history of this turbulent region from the beginnings of Islam to the present day, this widely acclaimed text by Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. is distinguished by its clear style, broad scope, and balanced treatment. This book explores the evolution of Islamic institutions and culture, the influence of the West, the modernization efforts of Middle Eastern governments, the struggle of various peoples for political independence, the Arab-Israeli conflict, the reassertion of Islamic values and power, the issues surrounding the Palestinian Question, and the post-9/11 Middle East. The eleventh edition has been fully revised to reflect the most recent events in, and concerns of, the region, including an expanded and more nuanced discussion of the "War on Terrorism" and the Arab uprisings, coverage of the rise of ISIS, and a new chapter on the growing environmental problems of the region. In addition, the authors have incorporated new scholarship on the early history to provide a fuller picture of the political shifts and socioeconomic concerns of that time. With updated bibliographical sketches, chronology and glossary, A Concise History of the Middle East remains an essential text for students of Middle East history.
A Concise Introduction to Linguistics
by Bruce M. Rowe Diane P. LevineNow in its sixth edition, A Concise Introduction to Linguistics provides students with a detailed introduction to the core concepts of language as it relates to culture. The textbook includes a focus on linguistic anthropology, unpacking the main contributions of linguistics to the study of human communication and culture. Aimed at the general education student, the textbook also provides anthropology, linguistics, and English majors with the resources needed to pursue advanced courses in this area. Written in an accessible manner that does not assume previous knowledge of linguistics, this new edition contains expanded discussions on linguistic anthropology, sociolinguistics (including an expanded section on trans and nonbinary language), and pragmatics. The textbook incorporates a robust set of pedagogical features, including marginal definitions, a substantial glossary, chapter summaries, and learning exercises. Brand new to this edition are a full International Phonetic Alphabet chart, new exercises with languages other than English, and new illustrations.
A Concise Introduction to Linguistics (Myanthrokit Ser.)
by Bruce M. Rowe Diane P. LevineNow in its fifth edition, A Concise Introduction to Linguistics provides students with a detailed introduction to the core concepts of language as it relates to culture. The textbook includes a focus on linguistic anthropology, unpacking the main contributions of linguistics to the study of human communication and culture. Aimed at the general education student, the textbook also provides anthropology, linguistics, and English majors with the resources needed to pursue advanced courses in this area. Written in an accessible manner that does not assume previous knowledge of linguistics, this new edition contains expanded discussions on linguistic anthropology, sociolinguistics (including a section on gender and language), and pragmatics. The textbook incorporates a robust set of pedagogical features including marginal definitions, a substantial glossary, chapter summaries, and learning exercises. Brand new to this edition are suggested reading lists at the end of every chapter, and recommended websites and apps to further aid students in their study.
A Concise Reader of Chinese Culture (China Insights)
by Chunsong GanThis book uses the mutual interactions between Chinese and Western culture as a point of departure in order to concisely introduce the origins and evolution of Chinese culture at the aspects of constitution, thinking, values and atheistic. This book also analyzes utensil culture, constitution culture and ideology culture, which were perfected by absorbing classic arguments from academia. As such, the book offers an essential guide to understanding the development, civilization and key ideologies in Chinese history, and will thus help to promote Chinese culture and increase cultural awareness.
A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles
by Thomas SowellIn this classic work, Thomas Sowell analyzes the two competing visions that shape our debates about the nature of reason, justice, equality, and power. The "constrained" vision, which sees human nature as unchanging and selfish, and the "unconstrained" vision, in which human nature is malleable and perfectible. He describes how these two radically opposed views have manifested themselves in the political controversies of the past two centuries, including such contemporary issues as welfare reform, social justice, and crime. Updated to include sweeping political changes since its first publication in 1987, this revised edition of A Conflict of Visions offers a convincing case that ethical and policy disputes circle around the disparity between both outlooks.
A Connected Metropolis: Los Angeles Elites and the Making of a Modern City, 1890–1965
by Maxwell JohnsonIn A Connected Metropolis Maxwell Johnson describes Los Angeles&’s rise in the early twentieth century as catalyzed by a series of upper-class debates about the city&’s connections to the outside world. By focusing on specific moments in the city&’s development when tensions over Los Angeles&’s connections, or lack thereof, emerged, Johnson ties each movement to two or three contemporary figures who influenced the debates at hand. The elites&’ previous efforts to secure nationwide and global connections for Los Angeles were wildly successful following World War II. As a result, the city became a landing spot for African American migrants, Cambodian and Laotian refugees, and Mexican and Central American immigrants. Johnson argues that the city&’s history is more defined by external relationships than previously understood, and those relationships have given the history of the city more continuity than originally recognized. At the turn of the twentieth century, the politics of connection revolved around initiatives to tie Los Angeles to other places both tangibly and metaphorically. Elites built tangible connections to secure, among other things, the water that irrigated the citrus farms of Los Angeles, the capital that propelled its businesses, and the people who migrated from the Midwest to buy its houses. To build metaphorical connections that located the city amid transcontinental and trans-Pacific movements, elites themselves often transcended nearby borders and pursued connections at will. Los Angeles stood as a focal point for elite ambitions, a place with a more ambivalent relationship to external connections. The true story of Los Angeles&’s rise lies in the spectacular visions and rambunctious activism of a group of elite men dedicated to transforming a remote frontier town into a global metropolis.
A Connected World: Social Networks and Organizations (Elements in Organization Theory)
by Martin Kilduff Lei Liu Stefano TasselliThis Element synthesizes the current state of research on organizational social networks from its early foundations to contemporary debates. It highlights the characteristics that make the social network perspective distinctive in the organizational research landscape, including its emphasis on structure and outcomes. It covers the main theoretical developments and summarizes the research design questions that organizational researchers face when collecting and analyzing network data. Then, it discusses current debates ranging from agency and structure to network volatility and personality. Finally, the Element envisages future research directions on the role of brokerage for individuals and communities, network cognition, and the importance of past ties. Overall, the Element provides an innovative angle for understanding organizational social networks, engaging in empirical network research, and nurturing further theoretical development on the role of social interactions and connectedness in modern organizations.
A Constant Burden: The Reconstitution of Family Life (Ashgate Classics In Sociology Ser.)
by Margaret Voysey PaunFirst published in 1975, A Constant Burden was a truly ground-breaking text in the field of medical sociology and has since become an undisputed classic. Over thirty years later this revised edition gives new life to this important work. It contains the same seminal study of families with a disabled child, based on an analysis of interviews with parents about the effects of their child's disability on their family life. Whereas much of the contemporary research assumed that the presence of such a child must constitute a problem, and attempted to read parents' responses as indicators of the family's psychological and social adjustment to this 'reality', Voysey Paun's analysis takes a radically different stance. She shows that what parents say should rather be understood as socially constructed accounts of 'normal parenting' which induce others to identify them as properly fulfilling their responsibilities as good parents. Voysey Paun's approach to the analysis and interpretation of interview responses has become a much more central theme for sociological research, instrumental in changing theories about the nature of disability and the family as expressed by sociologists, social workers and other agencies. The revised edition contains a new introduction which puts the study in its intellectual context. It will be essential reading in the sociology of health and illness, and will also be of interest to social workers and other professionals concerned with disability and family life.
A Consumer's Guide to Male Hustlers
by Joseph ItielA Consumer’s Guide to Male Hustlers gives you exciting insight into all you ever wanted to know about hustlers but were too embarrassed to ask. You’ll find answers to questions such as where and how to find hustlers, how much to pay them, and how to make it an experience that is satisfying to both parties. Author Joseph Itiel shares with readers his personal experiences and observations, describing his dealings with hustlers, over a period of about 35 years, in many different countries.Throughout A Consumer’s Guide to Male Hustlers, Itiel narrates personal anecdotes, lending an intimate dimension to his general observations. He describes the hustler scene in the United States and abroad, dispelling many erroneous notions about hustlers by addressing such topics as: under what circumstances sex-for-money arrangements are exploitative (a comparison of male hustlers and female prostitutes) emotional involvement and control between clients and hustlers the notion that hustlers are only for the wealthy whether or not hustlers are likely carriers of sexually transmitted diseases whether or not it is dangerous to pick up hustlers why hustlers hustle the differences between street hustlers, models (or escorts), and masseurs legal issues associated with hustling regular sessions with hustlers as an emotional and libidinal sedativeIt is the contention of the author that hustlers are an under-used resource in the gay community, especially valuable to those with a vigorous sex appetite but no steady partner. This opportunity is often shunned because potential clients feel guilty about hiring hustlers. The author hopes that by reading this book, you will come to understand that the hustler experience, meeting with hustlers regularly, can be mutually exciting and satisfying for both parties.
A Contemporary History of Women's Sport, Part One: Sporting Women, 1850-1960 (Routledge Research in Sports History #3)
by Jean WilliamsThis book is an historical survey of women’s sport from 1850-1960. It looks at some of the more recent methodological approaches to writing sports history and raises questions about how the history of women’s sport has so far been shaped by academic writers. Questions explored in this text include: What are the fresh perspectives and newly available sources for the historian of women’s sport? How do these take forward established debates on women’s place in sporting culture and what novel approaches do they suggest? How can our appreciation of fashion, travel, food and medical history be advanced by looking at women’s involvement in sport? How can we use some of the current ideas and methodologies in the recent literature on the history and sociology of sport in order to look afresh at women’s participation? Jean Williams’s original research on these topics and more will be a useful resource for scholars in the fields of sports, women’s studies, history and sociology.
A Contemporary Introduction to Sociology: Culture and Society in Transition
by Jeffrey C. Alexander Kenneth Thompson Moshoula Capous-Desyllas Jeffrey Alexander Laura Desfor EdlesThe influential authors significantly update their popular introductory text that invites students to reflect on their lives in the context of the combustible leap from modern to postmodern life. The authors show how culture is central to understanding many world problems as they challenge readers to confront the problems and possibilities of an era in which the futures of the physical and social environments seem uncertain. As culture rapidly changes in the 21st century, the authors have successfully incorporated these nuances with many important updates on race and racism, Black Lives Matter, the rise of populist politics, ISIS, new social media, feminist perspectives on sex work, trans and non-gender conforming identities, and more. New to this edition: New data, text box examples, photos, exercises, study questions, and glossary terms appear throughout. New discussions added of arts-based and participatory approaches to research, historical changes in the perception of deviance, legalization of marijuana; Islam vs. secularism in France, new forms of socialization, heteronormative and essentialist language related to sex and gender, intersections of social class and other identities, the prison industrial complex, informal sharing economies, atheism, and more. New text boxes include: Young Saudis Find Freedom in their Phones; How One Stupid Tweet Blew Up Justine Sacco’s Life; School-to-Prison Pipeline; India’s Reproductive Assembly Line; Workers Feel Pain of Layoffs; Like Prohibition, the fight over guns is about something else; and Micro-aggression and Changing Moral Cultures.
A Contemporary Look at Organizational Justice: Multiplying Insult Times Injury (Organization and Management Series)
by Joel BrocknerThis book is for scholars with an interest in the burgeoning area of theory and research on organizational justice. The ideas it describes forge connections between the justice literature and other prominent bodies of knowledge in organizational and social psychology, including those pertaining to trust, social identity, attribution theory, regulatory focus theory and cross-cultural differences in people's beliefs and behaviors. Though intended primarily for researchers, this book is written in a very accessible way, so that informed practitioners will gain considerable value from it.
A Contemporary Portrait of Life in Korea: Researching Recent Social and Political Trends
by Jibum KimThis book delves into the values, attitudes, and behaviours of Koreans over the course of the past twenty years. Compiled by leading Korean scholars, the book uses the Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), the most comprehensive source of information detailing recent continuity and change in Korea, and addresses a diverse, wide-range of topics such as nationalism, familyism, social inequality, politics, religion, welfare, trust, attitudes towards North Korea, and attitudes towards sex. These issues, in continuously shaping and influencing the lives of Koreans, deserve further examination so as to fully grasp a deeper understanding of Korean contemporary culture. Each chapter covers an overview of background information about the chapter subject and then compares Korean attitudes to those of other countries, drawing on cross-national data derived from sources such as the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) and the East Asian Social Survey (EASS). It collates this data and then unpacks it to demonstrate trends and how they are impacted by stability or change. Despite the rapid economic development and democratization in Korea, it remains difficult to pinpoint common denominators regarding recent social trends in Korea, and there are surprisingly few books that present a current, nuanced, and empirically substantiated scholarly depiction of Koreans and their social issues. This book fills this gap in serving as an indispensable reference for students and scholars interested in the diverse issues in Korean society.