- Table View
- List View
Professional Communication: Consultancy, Advocacy, Activism (Communicating in Professions and Organizations)
by Louise MullanyThis edited book presents contemporary empirical research investigating the use of language in professional settings, drawing on the contributions of a set of internationally-renowned authors. The book takes a critical approach to understanding professional communication in a range of fields and global contexts. Split into three parts, covering Business and Organisations, Healthcare, and Politics and Institutions, the contributors explore how and why academics engage in workplace research which takes the form of 'consultancy', 'advocacy' and 'activism'. In light of an ever-changing, ever-demanding global landscape, this volume offers new theoretical and methodological ways of conducting professional communication research with real-world impact. It will be of interest to linguistics and communication researchers and practitioners, particularly those working in sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, business communication, health communication, political communication, language and the law and organisational studies.
Professional Competition and Professional Power
by Yves Dezalay David SugarmanExamines the ongoing efforts of lawyers and allied professionals to construct, police and redefine their boundaries. Focusing on the newly emerging large multinationals, it explores the relationship between professions, the economy and the state.
Professional Development and Institutional Needs (Monitoring Change in Education)
by Gillian Trorey Cedric CullingfordThe tension between institutional needs and those of the individual has rarely been higher. Increasing demands on institutions to deliver set targets and value for money whilst adhering to set expectations and external constraints has led to an erosion of the notion of staff development. This book looks at how the conflict between the two outlooks emerges and what can be done to overcome it. Based on empirical evidence, the authors reveal what is happening in a range of institutions and explore the tensions between the personal needs of the individual and the demands of managers. They examine the reasons behind the conflict and discuss what measures can be taken to overcome it. The book will provide a central text on an important but relatively neglected subject of interest to all engaged in the profession.
Professional Discourses, Gender and Identity in Women's Media
by Melissa YoongThis book examines the professional discourses produced in women’s media in Malaysia and the subject positions that they make available for career women. Drawing on feminist critical discourse analysis, critical stylistics and feminist conversation analysis, it identifies a range of gendered discourses around employment and motherhood that are underpinned by postfeminism and neoliberal feminism. Through close linguistic analysis of magazine and newspaper articles and radio talk, the study reveals that these discourses substitute balance, individual success, self-transformation and positive feelings for structural change, and entrench the very issues hindering gender workplace equality. Chapters discuss topics such as sexism, work-family balance, extensive and intensive mothering, breadwinning, gender stereotypes, beauty work, ‘synthetic sisterhood’, media practices and gender equality policies. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of language and gender, discourse analysis, and media, communication and cultural studies as well as policy-makers, media practitioners and feminist activists.
Professional Dominance: The Social Structure of Medical Care
by Eliot FreidsonIn the United States today we are confronted by a number of serious social problems, not the least of which concern the character of our basic human services. In each of the broad public domains of welfare, education, law, and health there are crises of public confidence. Each in its own way is failing to accomplish its essential mission of alleviating material deprivation, instructing the young, controlling and righting criminal and civil wrongs, and healing the sick. The poor, the student, the offender and the victim, the sick-all have in some way protested the failure of the institutions responsible for them. And these protests occur at a time when the human services are absorbing an increasingly massive amount of money and manpower. Awareness of that crisis intensified in the second half of the twentieth century. Increasing energy has been invested in research designed to determine what can be done. Each of the human services has long had its own research tradition, but during the sixties each has also made a concerted effort to mobilize and use the skills of such comparatively new disciplines as sociology. Owing to these new demands, sociology itself has grown. The hitherto obscure specialties of the sociology of law and medicine and the established specialties of criminology and educational sociology have taken on new vigor. In applying themselves the task of studying the human services, however, these segments of sociology have had to choose between two different strategies. Rather than dealing with the details of the human services for their own sake-and this lack of detail in a characteristic limitation of the second approach-this book shall instead attempt to stand outside the system in order to delineate one of its critical assumptions and a strategic feature of its basic structure. This book deals with the concept of profession, for the concept rests on assumptions about how services to laymen should be controlled and is realized by a special kind of
Professional Emotions in Court: A Sociological Perspective
by Åsa Wettergren Stina Bergman BlixProfessional Emotions in Court examines the paramount role of emotions in the legal professions and in the functioning of the democratic judicial system. Based on extensive interview and observation data in Sweden, the authors highlight the silenced background emotions and the tacitly habituated emotion management in the daily work at courts and prosecution offices. Following participants ‘backstage’ – whether at the office or at lunch – in order to observe preparations for and reflections on the performance in court itself, this book sheds light on the emotionality of courtroom interactions, such as professional collaboration, negotiations, and challenges, with the analysis of micro-interactions being situated in the broader structural regime of the legal system – the emotive-cognitive judicial frame – throughout. A demonstration of the false dichotomy between emotion and reason that lies behind the assumption of a judicial system that operates rationally and without emotion, Professional Emotions in Court reveals how this assumption shapes professionals’ perceptions and performance of their work, but hampers emotional reflexivity, and questions whether the judicial system might gain in legitimacy if the role of emotional processes were recognized and reflected upon.
Professional Empowerment in the Software Industry through Experience-Driven Shared Tacit Knowledge: A Case Study from China
by Hui Chen Miguel Baptista NunesThis book addresses the identification and classification of knowledge acquired through experience that results from engaging in professional activities within the software industry. As a result of this study, the book presents an ontology of such professional activities that require and enable the acquisition of experience and that, in turn, are the basis for tacit knowledge creation. The rationale behind the creation of such an ontology was based on the need to externalize this tacit knowledge and then record such externalizations so that these can be shared and disseminated within and across organizations. The book discusses the very concise manner in which experienced software development practitioners in China understand the nature and value of experience in the SW industry, effectively communicate with other stakeholders in the software development process, are able and motivated to actively engage with continuous professional development, are able to share knowledge with peers and the profession at large, and effectively work on projects and exhibit a sound professional attitude both internally to their own company and externally to customers, partners, and even competitors. The book also discusses the ontology and the qualitative process that are generated by bridging two extremely topical aspects of practice in the software industry, namely, employability skills and competencies. The book is of interest to academics in the areas of knowledge management and information systems, as well as human resources practitioners concerned with selection and development and knowledge and information professionals in software organizations.
Professional Error Competence of Preservice Teachers
by Eveline Wuttke Jürgen SeifriedThis book discusses competence, teacher competence, and professional error competence of teachers, and emphasizes the need for a training programme that supports the latter. The book starts out by presenting results from previous studies that underline the necessity to train professional error competence of teachers, especially in the field of accounting. The studies analysed include research in the field of accounting, and on the efficacy of teacher training. Next, considerations on training programmes are presented. From these analyses, a training programme was designed to support professional error competence in accounting. This training programme aims for increased knowledge about students' errors (content knowledge) and offers strategies to handle these errors (pedagogical content knowledge). Both are central facets of professional error competence. The book describes the development, characteristics, implementation, and evaluation of this programme. It details the test platform that was developed and used for the assessment of professional error competence, and critically discusses the results from the evaluation of the training programme from various perspectives. The current discussion on teacher training and expertise is influenced by empirical results obtained in international large-scale studies such as PISA and TIMSS. The findings of the studies underpin the discussion on teaching quality and teachers' professional competences. The key issue is that teacher competence has an impact on teaching quality and this, in turn, influences students' achievements. International comparative studies reveal that teachers often lack central competence facets, and therefore it is assumed that standard teacher training programmes may fail to successfully prepare student teachers for their tasks. Therefore, customized training programmes are currently being discussed. Their focus is mostly on pedagogical content knowledge and classroom practices, because these competence facets are essential for teaching quality.
Professional Ethics and Civic Morals (Routledge Classics)
by Emile DurkheimÉmile Durkheim is one of the founding fathers of sociology and Professional Ethics and Civic Morals is one of his most neglected yet insightful works. Durkheim's view that the instability of industrial society was connected to the decline of religion and his characterization of the state as the ultimate moral force in society reveal his lifelong engagement with the relationship between the individual and society. In Professional Ethics and Civic Morals Durkheim poses a major question: given the negative social consequences of unfettered markets, which caused what he termed ‘anomie’, how is the state to reconcile morality with the market? Durkheim argues that the answer is to be found in the evolution of a civil religion, in the form of professional codes and civic values, which would counteract the effects of individualism, just as guilds had regulated medieval economic life. Arguing that the state has a vital role to play in moral life and that morals are at bottom social facts – a controversial position which drew considerable criticism – Durkheim also argues that the state had a duty to protect the rights of the individual, via a form of cosmopolitan patriotism. Durkheim also articulates a highly original and critical interpretation of the rules around property and inheritance – a perspective which resonates with debates about inequality and the redistribution of wealth today. Included in this Routledge Classics edition is a new introduction by Bryan S.Turner, placing Durkheim in contemporary context and outlining the key tenets of Professional Ethics and Civic Morals.
Professional Health Regulation in the Public Interest: International Perspectives (Sociology of Health Professions)
by John Martyn Chamberlain, Mike Dent and Mike SaksThere are significant variations in how healthcare systems and health professionals are regulated globally. One feature that they increasingly have in common is an emphasis on the value of including members of the public in quality assurance processes. While many argue that this will help better serve the public interest, others question how far the changing regulatory reform agenda is still dominated by medical interests. Bringing together leading academics worldwide, this collection compares and critically examines the ways in which different countries are regulating healthcare in general, and health professions in particular, in the interest of users and the wider public. It is the first book in the Sociology of Health Professions series.
Professional Interviewing (Routledge Library Editions: Human Resource Management #28)
by Rob Millar Valerie Crute Owen HargieThis book, first published in 1992, presents a detailed, informed and informative account of research, theory and practice in interviewing. As a single source for practitioners, it focuses on the professional practice of interviewing as a strategy for achieving specific objectives. As well as providing reviews of recent research in interviewing, it includes practical examples of interviewing in many different contexts. The authors, all of whom have wide experience of interviewing, draw on a wealth of information and insight acquired during their work. They examine the definitions and purposes of interviewing and then describe the main settings within which it takes place - counselling, selection, research, medical and appraisal. Taking a social interactional model of interviewing, they discuss the main components of the activity: person perception; interviewer goals; interview structures and stages; effective interviewing skills; and the interviewee's perspective on the interview process. Examples are used to illustrate particular issues and to highlight their relevance to practice. The authors also consider important ethical and professional problems which may crucially affect the practice of interviewing. This book should be of interest to professionals and students in psychology, health, counselling, human resource management and business.
Professional Leadership for Social Work Practitioners and Educators
by Anna FairtloughProfessional leadership is increasingly recognised as being vital to enhancing social work’s reputation and effectiveness. Although professional leadership is one of the nine domains of the professional capability framework in England, sometimes leadership is assumed to be the prerogative of managers rather than the responsibility of all professional social workers. The participation of social workers and social work educators in shaping professional cultures within organisations through practice innovation, practitioner research and workforce development is thus crucial. Drawing on theories that challenge hierarchical concepts of leadership, this book will enable experienced social work practitioners and educators to develop their professional leadership to more expert levels. Throughout the book there are case examples illustrating examples of advanced professional leadership in action, research highlights and exercises utilising self-reflection, action planning, creative writing and imagery to provide practical support to the reader.
Professional Music-making in London: Ethnography and Experience (Soas Musicology Ser.)
by Stephen CottrellProfessional Music-Making in London is an engaging yet innovative study which examines the lives and work of Western art musicians from an ethnographic perspective. Drawing in part on his own professional experience, Stephen Cottrell considers to what extent musicians in Western society conform to Alan Merriam's paradigmatic assessment of them as having low status yet high respect, as well as being given an unusual degree of licence to deviate from convention. The book draws on a wide variety of approaches from scholars elsewhere: from ethnomusicologists such as Bruno Nettl and Henry Kingsbury, performance theorists such as Richard Schechner and Victor Turner, as well as psychologists such as Sigmund Freud and Melanie Klein. This rich intellectual heritage provides the framework for discussion of a variety of themes, including how musicians conceive their self identity and how this is negotiated in the professional musical world; how the deputy system facilitates musical exchange and engenders gift relationships; how humour lubricates social and musical relationships and mitigates the stresses of musicians' lives; and how the events in which musicians participate can be viewed as quasi-rituals, and thus related to analogous events in non-Western cultures. The focus of this study is on professional music-making in London, one of the world's busiest centres of musical performance - yet the issues raised and explored are deeply relevant to other major centres of Western art music, such as New York, Berlin or Sydney. Ethnomusicologists, anthropologists, musicologists, performers, teachers and concert-goers will find this book a stimulating insight into, and investigation of, Western art musicians and their place in today's world.
Professional Occupations and Organizations (Elements in Organization Theory)
by Daniel Muzio Sundeep Aulakh Ian KirkpatrickIn this Element, we engage with fundamental questions concerning the future trajectory of professions as a distinct occupational category and of the formal organizations, which represent, employ or host professionals. We begin with a literature review that identifies a functionalist, power and institutionalist lens for the study of professional occupations and organizations. We then review a series of challenges which face the contemporary professions. Finally, we explore contemporary developments in the worlds of professions applying three units of analysis: macro (professional occupations and their associations), meso (professional organizations) and micro (professional workers).
Professional Power and Social Welfare (Routledge Revivals)
by Profesor Paul WildingFirst published in 1982, Professional Power and Social Welfare examines the nature, extent and significance of professional power in the broad area of social welfare. Paul Wilding fills a major gap in the literature of the welfare professions. He looks at the power of the professions in policymaking, in resource allocation, their power over people, their power to define needs and problems, and their limited accountability. He analyses the basis of this power, and reviews criticism of the claims, achievements, knowledge and ideals of the professions. His conclusion is that the only satisfactory relationship between professions, clients and society must be one of partnership: a balance of professional, political, bureaucratic and consumer power. This book will be of interest to students of sociology and political science.
Professional Practice in Learning and Development: How to Design and Deliver Plans for the Workplace
by Mark LoonProfessional Practice in Learning and Development guides learning and development practitioners and students in designing and delivering effective people development in the modern organization. It is a core text for those studying for learning and development qualifications such as the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development Intermediate level, and a useful handbook for those in learning and development roles looking to develop their understanding of the latest developments facing the profession. With a particular focus on digital, blended and social learning it will help you deliver more for less. Starting with an introduction to learning and development, it shows how to make the business case for activities, use metrics to demonstrate the value add, and engage the right stakeholders.Drawing on the latest research, Professional Practice in Learning and Development highlights the new opportunities made available to the learning and development practitioner by technology, new media and the networked world in which we live. It looks at approaches to helping people learn and how to develop tailored solutions. Case studies and reflective questions develop skills in facilitating collaborative learning, working in teams, and communicating effectively with all stakeholders. This book also equips you to measure and communicate the value of the programmes and, drawing on insights from neuroscience, demonstrates some practical new tools for engaging learners to improve the effectiveness of their work.
The Professional Practice of Jungian Coaching: Corporate Analytical Psychology
by Nada O’BrienO’Brien and O’Brien and their collection of international contributors introduce the historical and current theory and practice of Corporate Analytical Psychology. Uniquely and practically bringing Jungian ideas to the corporate world, the chapters discuss the increasing need for ethical corporations in the context of individuation and moral hazard, demonstrate how to manage and define complexes that inhibit creativity and productivity, and shows practitioners how to recognise and connect with symbols as an active and living manifestation of the personal and collective psyche. The book is illustrated with practical examples and case studies encountered by the authors during their 30 years of experience consulting the world’s leading companies and institutions.
The Professional Scientist: A Study of American Chemists
by Lee Rainwater Anselm L. StraussThis classic book, available in paperback for the first time, is based on a 1962 study of the American Chemical Society, one of the great U. S. scientific societies. The society has a membership educated in the fundamental scientific field of chemistry, whose knowledge and talents are essential to modem industrial civilization. Without chemistry, we would have neither automobiles, nuclear devices, nor all the varied products essential to our modern way of life.Chemists are caught up in the dynamic changes in our society. The explosive advance of scientific knowledge leads to increasing specialization until experts in one field may have little in common with those in another. Also, as the knowledge and skills of chemistry are incorporated in the workaday world of industry, more and more trained chemists spend their days in routine application and organization of their skills and knowledge.The unique element of this study is its assessment of the role and function of a professional society for its members. Not much is known of how professionals feel about their societies, what they expect of them, or how they function for their members.Such studies assume increasing importance as the trend toward professionalization incorporates more specialized skills and as the members of these professions look increasingly to their societies for assistance in establishing their rights and privileges vis-a-vis the rest of society. This remains a unique effort at professional ethnography.
The Professional Woman's Guide to Getting Promoted
by Andrew H. Hug Lauren M. HugWith insights drawn from experience by Lauren M. Hug, a professional woman, and straight-talk from Andrew H. Hug, a professional man, this one-of-a-kind book shows you how to develop key skills and craft strategic relationships that elevate your value in the business world. Featuring worksheets, charts, exercises, and sample conversations, this unique book will help you create your personal career strategy and take customized steps towards advancement and success. You'll learn how to communicate and demonstrate your workplace worth effectively, making your promotion not only likely—but vital to your organization.
Professional Women Painters in Nineteenth-Century Scotland: Commitment, Friendship, Pleasure (Routledge Revivals)
by Janice HellandThis title was first published in 2000: Women in the 19th century have long been presented as the angel in the house. The author re-writes this history by investigating the life and working conditions of a number of middle-class women who sought to establish themselves as professional artists in Scotland. Contrary to the orthodox view preoccupied with oppression and difficulty, the author demonstrates that women artists of the period were independent producers, teachers and travellers, alert to changes in taste and fashion. They derived great pleasure from their work, and enjoyed the benefits of women working together, forming their own and joining existing professional associations. The book is not biographical but elaborates on the life and working conditions of middle-class artists by discussing their work in terms of economic and social history.
Professional Wrestling: Sport and Spectacle, Second Edition (Performance Studies Series)
by Sharon MazerProfessional wrestling is one of the most popular performance practices in the United States and around the world, drawing millions of spectators to live events and televised broadcasts. The displays of violence, simulated and actual, may be the obvious appeal, but that is just the beginning. Fans debate performance choices with as much energy as they argue about their favorite wrestlers. The ongoing scenarios and presentations of manly and not-so-manly characters—from the flamboyantly feminine to the hypermasculine—simultaneously celebrate and critique, parody and affirm the American dream and the masculine ideal. Sharon Mazer looks at the world of professional wrestling from a fan’s-eye-view high in the stands and from ringside in the wrestlers’ gym. She investigates how performances are constructed and sold to spectators, both on a local level and in the “big leagues” of the WWF/E. She shares a close-up view of a group of wrestlers as they work out, get their faces pushed to the mat as part of their initiation into the fraternity of the ring, and dream of stardom. In later chapters, Mazer explores professional wrestling’s carnivalesque presentation of masculinities ranging from the cute to the brute, as well as the way in which the performances of women wrestlers often enter into the realm of pornographic. Finally, she explores the question of the “real” and the “fake” as the fans themselves confront it. First published in 1998, this new edition of Professional Wrestling: Sport and Spectacle both preserves the original’s snapshot of the wrestling scene of the 1980s and 1990s and features an up-to-date perspective on the current state of play.
Professionalisierung der Moscheegemeinden: Ausgangslage, Herausforderungen und best Practice Beispiele (Islam in der Gesellschaft)
by Rauf Ceylan Samy CharchiraDieser Sammelband nähert sich dem Thema zunächst aus einer historischen Perspektive an und geht der Frage nach der Entwicklung der Religionsgemeinschaften, insbesondere nach der Gründung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der seither verfassungsrechtlich verbrieften Rechte und Privilegien von Religionsgemeinschaften und ihr weitreichenden Kooperationen mit dem säkularen Staat. Der Sammelband geht auch der Frage nach dem juristischen Status von Religionsgemeinschaften. Spätestens seit Anspruchserhebung Islamische Dachverbände in Deutschland auf dem Status der Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechtes entfacht eine gesellschaftliche Debatte über Möglichkeiten der Anerkennung (oder Nichtanerkennung) von Islamischen Dachverbänden als Religionsgemeinschaften an. Der Sammelband widmet sich dann die Frage nach Aufgaben und Herausforderung (islamische) Religionsgemeinschaft im Kontext von Recht, Gesellschaft und Politik und erforscht die internen und externen Faktoren, die einen Professionalisierungsprozess von Moscheegemeinden fördern oder behindern können.
Professionalism and Social Change: Processes of Differentiation Within, Between and Beyond Professions
by Lara Maestripieri Andrea BelliniThis book guides the reader in discovering contemporary professions and the critical changes they have lived through after the post-industrial transformation of advanced capitalist societies. Two interrelated concepts are used to interpret what is happening in professional work: differentiation, namely the set of processes by which professions and professionalism have become more diverse, and heterogeneity, the outcomes of such processes. A novel analytical framework delves into differentiation and understands heterogeneity based on three dimensions: within (how professions are structured internally), between (how professions distinguish themselves from other occupations and from each other), and beyond (how professions govern societal changes and influence differentiation processes). The book presents a collection of studies covering different countries and professions to demonstrate the analytical potential of the within-between-beyond model. The conclusions show how “neo-liberal” professionalism is putting the very idea of collegiate professions at stake while exposing emerging professions to market risks.
Professionalism and Values in Law Practice (Giving Voice to Values)
by Robert FeldmanThis book presents practical advice to law students and those entering and now working in the legal profession that will help them to reconcile who they are as a person with the demands and opportunities of a legal career. The book sets out a clear framework and practice examples for: (i) defining “success”, (ii) understanding the role of a professional in relation to clients, colleagues, adversaries and community, (iii) reconciling demands of practice within ethical rules and norms, business considerations and personal values and (iv) building a values-centered, economically viable practice and reputation. Complete with practical advice and experiences that produce and reinforce a holistic approach, this book provides invaluable support for second- and third-year law students and lawyers in practice to establish elusive work-life balance over the course of a legal career.
Professionalitätsentwicklung in der Erwachsenenbildung & Weiterbildung als Mehrebenen-Phänomen: Eine qualitative Einzelfallanalyse am Beispiel einer Organisation der beruflichen Weiterbildung (Theorie und Empirie Lebenslangen Lernens)
by Lisa BreitschwerdtDiese Studie untersucht Professionalitätsentwicklung in der Erwachsenenbildung/Weiterbildung aus einer Mehrebenen-Perspektive. Professionalitätsentwicklung wird vor dem Hintergrund sich wandelnder Arbeitskontexte und veränderter Handlungsanforderungen an das Weiterbildungspersonal nicht mehr nur als individuelle Aufgabe, sondern als ebenen-übergreifendes Phänomen verstanden. Die Untersuchung arbeitet in verbindender Analyse zentraler Diskurse die Bedeutung der verschiedenen Ebenen Personal, Organisation, Dachorganisation und gesellschaftlicher Rahmen für die Professionalitätsentwicklung heraus und verortet die zentralen Erkenntnisse in einem Mehrebenen-Modell. Dieses wird im Rahmen einer qualitativen Einzelfallanalyse empirisch untersucht. Der herangezogene Einzelfall liegt aus dem Kontext des Forschungsprojektes „Konturen der Professionsentwicklung in der beruflichen Weiterbildung (KOPROF)“ vor. Basierend auf einem theoretisch informierten und gleichzeitig explorativen Zugang legt die Studie Ergebnisse zu einer ebenen-übergreifendenProfessionalitätsentwicklung vor, die neben einem ersten Überblick zahlreiche Anschlüsse für weitere Forschungsvorhaben eröffnet. Die Studie zeigt, dass den Dachorganisationen und Weiterbildungsorganisationen eine besondere Rolle in strukturierender und vermittelnder Funktion im Mehrebenen-Modell der Professionalitätsentwicklung zukommen. Weiter konnte in der Studie herausgearbeitet werden, dass die Entwicklung von Professionalität als Vermittlungshandeln zwischen unterschiedlichen Handlungslogiken in heterogenen und interdisziplinären Arbeitskontexten zunehmend einrichtungsspezifische und ebenen-übergreifende Perspektiven erfordert.