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Women Who Opt Out: The Debate over Working Mothers and Work-Family Balance
by Bernie D. JonesIn a much-publicized and much-maligned 2003 New York Times article, “The Opt-Out Revolution,” the journalist Lisa Belkin made the controversial argument that highly educated women who enter the workplace tend to leave upon marrying and having children. Women Who Opt Out is a collection of original essays by the leading scholars in the field of work and family research, which takes a multi-disciplinary approach in questioning the basic thesis of “the opt-out revolution.” The contributors illustrate that the desire to balance both work and family demands continues to be a point of unresolved concern for families and employers alike and women’s equity within the workforce still falls behind. Ultimately, they persuasively make the case that most women who leave the workplace are being pushed out by a work environment that is hostile to women, hostile to children, and hostile to the demands of family caregiving, and that small changes in outdated workplace policies regarding scheduling, flexibility, telecommuting and mandatory overtime can lead to important benefits for workers and employers alike.Contributors: Kerstin Aumann, Jamie Dolkas, Ellen Galinsky, Lisa Ackerly Hernandez, Susan J. Lambert, Joya Misra, Maureen Perry-Jenkins, Peggie R. Smith, Pamela Stone, and Joan C. Williams.
Women Who Run
by Shanti SosienskiWomen run for all kinds of reasons -- for health, to ease the tension, for strength, to challenge themselves, to be social with friends, as professional athletes or the dream of being one, to turn their minds on, and to turn them off. Whether running a marathon, taking a quick jog around the neighborhood, or trying to reach the top of Pikes Peak, women of all ages and abilities have discovered running. In Women Who Run, a broad range of women, including Olympians, marathoners, ultra runners, young track phenoms, and recreational runners, talk about why they run, what drives them, and what continues to spark their interest in the sport. Whether it is Katharine Switzer, the first woman to run the Boston Marathon; Shirley Matson, "the fastest Grandma in the West" and a 64-year-old competitive speed walker; Sarah Reinersten, amputee competitive runner and spokesperson for athletes with disabilities; Louise Cooper, breast cancer survivor and finisher of the grueling 135-mile Badwater Marathon; or Kristin Armstrong, who found solace and camaraderie in running with other women post-divorce, all speak of the ways running has become necessary in their busy lives.
Women Who Sell Sex: A Review of Psychological Research With Clinical Implications
by Elizabeth Krumrei Mancuso Bennett E. PostlethwaiteBased on leading empirical psychological research from around the world, this book offers valuable insights on women who sell sex. It synthesizes the extensive body of scholarly work on the topic of women selling sex from a psychological perspective in order to understand why women choose to do so. In turn, the book highlights a range of important sociocultural contexts surrounding the sale of sex that are major sources of stress, and examines how women cope with these circumstances. Illustrating the multi-faceted nature of selling sex, the book will contribute to debates on individual and societal responses to this major sociopolitical—and at the same time, deeply personal—issue. Including original case material and outlining future directions for researchers, it offers an informative and engaging resource for academics, researchers, students and professionals around the globe.
Women Who Succeed: Strangers in Paradise
by Susan DurbinThe number of women in senior management remains stubbornly low. Women Who Succeed examines the real life experiences of forty-six senior women who have 'made it' into senior management. It considers the strategies that these women adopted, the support they received and the relationships they formed in building their careers.
Women Wielding the Hoe: Lessons from Rural Africa for Feminist Theory and Development Practice
by Deborah Fahy BrycesonHow effective is western aid-agency intervention in Africa? What can African women do to manage the AIDS crisis? Can western feminist theory be applied to the rural African context?These vital issues, and many others, are considered in this topical book by eminent scholars and development consultants. The book aims to increase awareness of the importance of women agricultural producers to African material development and to expose the western biases that have traditionally pervaded the study of rural African women. The authors' critical analyses of conventional research methodology and key 'women and development' debates over the last three decades will stimulate new research perspectives. Students and scholars of development, development workers and policymakers will all find this book fascinating reading.
Women With Disabilities: Found Voices
by Lillian Holcomb Mary WillmuthHere is a powerful stimulus for thought, discussion, and coalition building in the area of women and disability. This innovative book was written by women with disabilities and women professionals who work with persons with disabilities. Women With Disabilities covers many concerns about life with a disability and issues related to disability and psychotherapy.The authors represent a variety of disabilities, ethnicities, sexualities, and politics. This diversity of experience and perspective forces readers to grapple with contradictions, paradox, and their own preconceptions about disabilities and women. These women writers reveal, in deeply personal, closely technical, and sometimes theoretical terms, how they have coped with the contradictions of being women, of being members of varied colors and classes, and having bodies that don’t “fit.”Women With Disabilities provides a wealth of information for psychologists, social workers, feminist therapists, and counselors working in rehabilitation, vocational rehabilitation, and mental health. It covers a variety of subjects, including transference and countertransference, spinal cord injury, visual impairment, and chronic illness. Some specific topics covered include: therapy issues for therapists working with women with disabilities parenthood and disability use of assistive technology by women with disabilities sexual exploitation of women with disabilities women’s responses to disability at different points in the life cycleReaders will be fascinated by the illuminating depth and breadth of experience expressed by the authors. Voices of rebellion, activism, and resistance sparkle across these pages. Women With Disabilities is an invitation for theoretical, therapeutic, and political coalition building to those with--and without--disabilities.
Women Without Class: Girls, Race and Identity
by Julie BettieThis is an incisive ethnography of white and Mexican-American teenage girls coming of age in a small town in California's Central Valley. Bettie insightfully examines how these women view themselves and issues of class, race, ethnicity, and peer relationships in their lives.
Women Workers And Technological Change In Europe In The Nineteenth And twentieth century
by Marlou Schrover Gertjan De GrootFrom the traditional stereotyped viewpoint, femininity and technology clash. This negative association between women and technology is one of the features of the sex-typing of jobs. Men are seen as technically competent and creative; women are seen as incompetent, suited only to work with machines that have been made and maintained by men. Men identify themselves with technology, and technology is identified with masculinity. The relationship between technology, technological change and women's work is, however, very complex.; Through studies examining technological change and the sexual division of labour, this book traces the origins of the segregation between women's work and men's work and sheds light on the complicated relationship between work and technology. Drawing on research from a number of European countries England, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands, international contributors present detailed studies on women's work spanning two centuries. The chapters deal with a variety of work environments - office work, textiles and pottery, food production, civil service and cotton and wool industries.; This work rejects the idea that women were mainly employed as unskilled labour in the industrial revolutions, asserting that skill was required from the women, but that both the historical record about women's work and the social construction of the concept of "skill" have denied this.
Women Working In The Environment: Resourceful Natures
by Carolyn E. SachsBased on theoretical insights from ecofeminism, women and development, and postmodernism, and the convincing empirical work of numerous scholars, this book is organized around five aspects of gender relationships with the environment: Part I-gender divisions of labor, Part 2-property rights, Part 3-knowledge and strategies for sustainability, Part 4-environmental and social movements, and Part 5- policy alternatives. Examining women's relationship with the environment using these five dimensions provides concrete, material examples of how women work with, control, know, and affect the environment and natural resources.
Women Working: Prostitution Now (Routledge Library Editions: Women and Work)
by Eileen McLeodWomen who work as prostitutes are struggling against a disadvantaged position in society. The relative poverty in which many women still live in is seen as the cause for prostitution, in that sex is their most saleable commodity and can bring them substantial financial rewards. Originally published in 1982 and drawing on her involvement with PROS (Programme for Reform of the Law on Soliciting), one of the Street Prostitutes’ Campaigns in Britain, and on interviews with prostitutes and their clients, the author examines how the financial benefits are offset by the attitudes prostitutes encounter from men. It is shown that while, in some ways, the role of client reflects men’s advantageous social position, male clients are often trying to compensate for failure in their marriage, or an inability to conform to the accepted masculine role. What the clients want and the conditions in which prostitutes work are discussed in separate chapters. Meanwhile, the Law, the media and public opinion unite to protect the public face of morality and to condemn prostitutes as a corrupting influence in society. This study concludes by showing how prostitutes’ campaigns are struggling with these issues and relates this to the feminist efforts to improve the conditions in which women exist and work.
Women Writers and the Hero of Romance
by Judith WiltWomen Writers and the Hero of Romance studies the nature of the hero and his meaning for the female seeker, or quester, in romance fiction from Wuthering Heights to Fifty Shades of Grey. The book includes chapters on Wuthering Heights, Middlemarch, The Scarlet Pimpernel, The Sheik, and the novels of Ayn Rand and Dorothy Dunnett.
Women Writing Socially in Academia: Dispatches from Writing Rooms (Palgrave Studies in Gender and Education)
by Kate Sotejeff-Wilson Joana Pais Zozimo Wendy BaldwinThis book offers a multifaceted perspective on social writing in a volatile, uncertain and complex world. It meets the need to enable women’s capacity, especially in academic settings, to structure their own writing practice and that of others in the community. It expands current research on social writing beyond its core context in English-speaking countries to multilingual contexts from Portugal to Finland, identifying fruitful areas for interdisciplinary research, nexuses of social practice, and strategies for situated social learning through a feminist lens, bringing women from the margins to the centre. As the average woman academic with children is losing an hour of research and writing time every day in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, the impact of which will be felt for decades, the book purposefully entwines these polyphonic voices to tell the story of a writing retreat as a space for leadership and empowerment.
Women Writing Trauma in the Global South: A Study of Aminatta Forna, Isabel Allende and Anuradha Roy (Routledge Studies in Comparative Literature)
by Annemarie PabelThrough exploring complex suffering in the writings of Aminatta Forna, Isabel Allende and Anuradha Roy, Women Writing Trauma in the Global South dismantles conceptual shortcomings and problematic imbalances at the core of existing theorizations around psychological trauma. The global constellation of women writers from Sierra Leone, Chile and India facilitates a productive analysis of how the texts navigate intertwined experiences of individual and systemic trauma. The discussion departs from a recent critical turn in literary and cultural trauma studies and transgresses many interrelated boundaries of geocultural contexts, language and genre. Discovering the role of literary forms in reparative articulation and empathic witnessing, this critical intervention develops new ideas for an inclusive conceptual expansion of trauma from the global peripheries and contributes to the ongoing debate on marginalized suffering.
Women and AIDS: Negotiating Safer Practices, Care, and Representation
by Ellen Cole Esther D Rothblum Nancy Roth Linda K FullerFor many women, the advice “Use a condom!” is not enough to help protect them from HIV infection. As Women and AIDS reveals, “negotiating” safer sex practices is a very complex issue for women who are involved in relationships where they do not enjoy physical, social, or economic equality. The book’s authors maintain that the key to curbing the spread of HIV and to caring for those already infected--is communication. Women and AIDS is the first volume to address HIV/AIDS and women from a communication perspective.This helpful guidebook addresses how women might achieve safer sexual and drug injection practices with partners, but it also explores women’s negotiation of the health care system as patients, medical research subjects, and caregivers. It challenges traditional assumptions about the relationship between care providers and patients and the meaning of patient compliance and raises important questions about gender, race, and class that are exacerbated by the epidemic. Designed to ground interventions in the realities of women’s lives, Women and AIDS discusses what women can do to get around communication and health care obstacles. To this end, you will learn about: using the media for HIV-related social action and to promote women’s views of HIV and sexuality prison health care for HIV-positive women cultural constructions of sex and drug sharing in a variety of communities long-term changes that will empower women delivering an HIV-positive diagnosis to patients gender roles and caregiving the language we use to talk about “Third World” women and “Asian AIDS” women AIDS filmmakers/videographersFor the benefit of AIDS activists, health care providers, and counselors, Women and AIDS discusses women and their communication and awareness from virtually every angle. This book analyzes situations where communication breaks down--from the woman who can’t openly discuss safe sex with her partner, to the drunk college student who “hooks up,” to the doctor who gives an HIV-positive diagnosis without compassion--and offers communication solutions. This will help women avoid such risks, establish communication and safety in their lives, and construct meaningful roles in relationship to HIV/AIDS.
Women and Attempted Suicide (Routledge Revivals)
by Raymond JackAttempted suicide began to increase inexorably in western societies following World War II. In Britain, it reached epidemic proportions in 1976 when 120,000 cases were reported. More accurately termed “self-poisoning” as the majority of cases involve deliberate, non-fatal overdosing on pills, this remarkable social-medical phenomenon remains without any generally accepted explanation. First published in 1992, Women and Attempted Suicide suggests that two factors have contributed to this failure, the neglect of gender issues and the influence of psychiatry on explanations of deviant behaviour.The book offers a new psycho-social explanation based on the theory of Causal Attribution. This suggests that as a result of their socialization, individuals differ in the causes to which they attribute their problems and that some causal attributions are more helpful than others in coping with problems. The volume argues that certain women – and others such as the unemployed and underprivileged who may have limited control over their lives – acquire a “helpless” attributional style. This renders them less able to cope with adversity, more likely to turn to doctors when it befalls them, and more likely to be prescribed psychotropic drugs. When pills fail to solve problems, helplessness may turn to hopelessness and self-poisoning.This book will be of interest to students and researchers in many disciplines and particularly of psychology, medical sociology, and women studies.
Women and Austerity: The Economic Crisis and the Future for Gender Equality (Routledge IAFFE Advances in Feminist Economics)
by Maria Karamessini Jill RuberyAusterity has become the new principle for public policy in Europe and the US as the financial crisis of 2008 has been converted into a public debt crisis. However, current austerity measures risk losing past progress towards gender equality by undermining important employment and social welfare protections and putting gender equality policy onto the back burner. This volume constitutes the first attempt to identify how the economic crisis and the subsequent austerity policies are affecting women in Europe and the US, tracing the consequences for gender equality in employment and welfare systems in nine case studies from countries facing the most severe adjustment problems. The contributions adopt a common framework to analyse women in recession, which takes into account changes in women’s position and current austerity conditions. The findings demonstrate that in the immediate aftermath of the financial crisis, employment gaps between women and men declined — but due only to a deterioration in men’s employment position rather than any improvements for women. Tables are set to be turned by the austerity policies which are already having a more negative impact on demand for female labour and on access to services which support working mothers. Women are nevertheless reinforcing their commitment to paid work, even at this time of increasing demands on their unpaid domestic labour. Future prospects are bleak. Current policy is reinforcing the same failed mechanisms that caused the crisis in the first place and is stalling or even reversing the long term growth in social investment in support for care. This book makes the case for gender equality to be placed at the centre of any progressive plan for a route out of the crisis.
Women and Career: Themes and Issues In Advanced Industrial Societies (Longman Sociology Series)
by Julia EvettsFirst published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Women and Careers: Transnational Studies in Public Policy and Employment Equity (Routledge Studies in Gender and Organizations)
by Marilee ReimerThe unifying theme of Women and Careers is women’s educational and employment success, with the objective of profiling supportive public policy in global contexts from Atlantic Canada to Western Europe, Australia and China. It takes up the career processes of women from marginalized groups who have been underrepresented historically: women who are the first generation to graduate from university in both Atlantic Canada (New Brunswick) and China and rural women from the eastern most Canadian province (Newfoundland and Labrador). It examines the situation of marginalized Protestant women in Belfast, Northern Ireland, who benefit from a European Union program that supports their political and social involvement in an economically underdeveloped region and previously unimagined in a country once wrought by sectarian violence. A policy analysis of an Atlantic Canadian region after the dominant forestry industry leaves takes up policy options and women’s possible agency should economic support return for small business networks and social enterprise, e.g., credit unions, food and social housing cooperatives. Proactive employment equity programs in Finland’s Applied Science Institute and Switzerland’s Forestry Institute provide cutting edge examples of diversity and inclusion policies in education and academia. A comparative study of Canada and Australia of two leading public service employers illustrates incremental outcomes for women managers and professionals but raises the ultimate question of the pace and necessary political will required to remove barriers to gender equality in countries with major gender inequities. Women and Careers examines a series of institutional contexts transnationally and the impact of policies, programs and economic re-structuring on careers outcomes. It displays the latest research on the topic and will be of interest both to students at an advanced level, academics, reflective practitioners, and diversity managers. It addresses the topics with regard to women’s education and employment and will interest researchers, academics and policymakers in the fields of women’s employment and career studies, diversity programs, organization studies, development policy, gender studies and globalization.
Women and Congress: Running, Winning, and Ruling
by Karen O'ConnorExplore the effects women have had on Congress!Containing vital insights into the role women play in Congress, Women and Congress: Running, Winning, and Ruling is a unique look into the political standing of female candidates and congresswomen. Chapters written by noted political scientists consider the challenges of being a congresswoman in the male-dominated political arena, illustrate the fundamental and advanced techniques vital to winning an election, and show how congresswomen have been most effective once in office.Women and Congress brings you thoughtful discussions of: how campaign finance, speaking on the floor, introducing new legislation, and political action committees have contributed to the success of women politicians the effect of media on election outcomes, including the media&’s portrayal of women and the ways female candidates present themselves to the media discrimination against women in media coverage differences in the ways Democratic and Republican women view political issues the political glass ceiling (how incumbency, gender, and strategy play a role in elections) and much more!
Women and Disability: The Double Handicap
by Mary Jo DeeganThe special needs of women with disabilities have been disregarded in a wide variety of vital areas. Issues pertain to women as wives and mothers. Studies of the effects on female sexuality of such conditions as renal disease and diabetes are lacking, though the sexual functioning of men with these diseases has been researched. On the economic front, the Federal-State Vocational Rehabilitation system and the regulations concerning disability benefits under Social Security provide less adequately for women than for men. Hopefully, this volume will raise the consciousness of its readers to the special status of women with disabilities as a minority group experiences multiple sources of discriminations.
Women and Domestic Violence: An Interdisciplinary Approach
by Lynette FederYou can come to understand the nature, causes, consequences, and treatments for domestic violence!In reading Women and Domestic Violence: An Interdisciplinary Approach, you'll come to see the need for a more transdisciplinary attack on one of the world's greatest and most historically prevalent social crimes: spouse abuse. This collection of legal, psychological, criminological, and law enforcement approaches to this long-standing problem will expand your range of understanding and more directly focus your efforts to stamp out family abuse in your neighborhood.Overall, Women and Domestic Violence will show you how spousal abuse has damaged our society since the times of Homer, rocked our families since the colonists settled in America, and strained our prisons since the days of Julius Caesar. Also, more importantly, you'll explore current data regarding police handlings of domestic abuse calls and see what today's psychological literature is saying about the developments of this behavioral disorder. Specifically, you'll read about: the history of wife abuse the latest trends in civil legal relief an overview of how police deal with domestic violence calls the impact of batterer counseling on the frequency of domestic assault incidentsEveryone, including chiefs of police, family science educators, law professors, judges, and psychologists interested in stemming the rising tide of domestic assault occurrences will want to read Women and Domestic Violence. Its timely and up-to-date contents will help steer your community away from repeating history's shameful mistakes, and you'll find what you can do in your field to restore discipline and contentment to the families in your neighborhood.
Women and Economic Activities in Late Medieval Ghent
by Shennan HuttonContrary to the widespread view that women exercised economic autonomy only in widowhood, Hutton argues that marital status was not the chief determinant of women's economic activities in the mid-fourteenth century and that women managed their own wealth to a far greater extent than previously recognized.
Women and Empowerment: Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 5 (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Rekha Koul Rupa Gupta Renu Gupta Bharti TandonThis volume uniquely highlights women’s empowerment, bringing in theoretical understandings, research studies and auto-ethnographic narratives of women belonging to different parts of the globe and paving the way towards achieving United Nations Sustainable Development goal 5. Its five distinct themes discuss the approaches, models, strategies, and a few success stories for empowering women, correlating and working towards a more equitable world. It also brings about other sustainable development goals integrated with gender equality and is essential for women’s overall well-being, safety, personal growth and development as individuals. A whole gamut of women’s development unfolds in the context of barriers and challenges to carve a niche to become empowered. The book is of interest to all those involved with women's studies, sociology, and anthropology, with inspirational examples toward achieving women’s equality.
Women and Entrepreneurship in India: Governance, Sustainability and Policy (Women and Sustainable Business)
by Harpreet KaurThe Indian Constitution is the largest written constitution that guarantees equality to women and empowers the State to take affirmative actions in favour of women. India has adopted International conventions for protection of rights of women and granting them equality and ratified the Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in the year 1993. The National Policy for Women Empowerment was presented in 2001, the goal of that policy to bring about the advancement, development and empowerment of women and enable women to become financially independent. Currently, India is the only country where the economic gender gap is larger than the political gender gap. Women are required to understand their own potential and overcome social barriers. With constant support of the government, change in stereotype mindset and skill development in women, India will continue witnessing gradual increase in women entrepreneurship in future. The aim of this book is to show the latest state of knowledge on the topic of women entrepreneurship, the role of women in business and women empowerment in India. Many aspects relating to role of women in business, sustainable business development and aspects going beyond economic empowerment of women are discussed in addition to presenting legal and regulatory frameworks. This book will be of interest to researchers, academics, policymakers, and students in the fields of entrepreneurship, empowerment, gender studies, and law.
Women and Families: Feminist Reconstructions
by Kristine Baber Katherine AllenFamilies--often a source of satisfaction, growth, and fulfillment for women--can also be an arena of domination, abuse and pain. This volume uses a postmodern feminist perspective to elucidate women's myraid experiences in the family, providing an integrated analysis of critical aspects of intimate relationships, sexuality, childbearing decisions, caregiving, and work. Throughout, the book focuses on the nature of the choices women must make as thei attempt to meet their own needs while nurturing and sustaining their intimate and family relationships. Challenging the traditional definitions of the family, the authors incorporate feminist thinking and research from a variety of diciplines to illuminate both the commonalities and the differences in the experiences of diverse women. Action-oriented, the book stresses themes of economic autonomy, choice and equality, reproductive freedom, and education for critical awareness, and presents pragmatic recommendations for empowerment.