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Contract, Labour Law and the Realities of Working Life
by Eugene Schofield-GeorgesonThis book offers a critical and timely account of how labour law has become a means for protecting employers rather than workers.The past few decades have witnessed something of a ‘silent revolution’ in the traditional protective role that labour law has played in the lives of workers. While this transformation has been overt in the realm of the market and at the level of the legislature, the role of the judiciary in this process remains significantly under-studied. Focussing on Australia, but drawing also on material from New Zealand, the UK and Canada, this book investigates how the common law has intervened to shape labour law in the image of commercial contract, determining disputes and defining legal issues by ignoring the realities of working life. Under this new conception of labour law, industrial relations between workers and employers are rarely reciprocal or relational. Rather, they are determined by the legal meaning and purpose of the contract of employment, drafted by lawyers for the benefit of employers and their human resources departments. Having demonstrated how approaches to contractual formalist legal reasoning have redefined labour law, this book goes on to propose an array of innovative legal and policy strategies to restore the protective role of labour law to the employment relationship.Scholarly, but also accessible to students, this book will appeal to those with interests in labour law, contract law and sociolegal studies.
Contracting and Safety: Exploring Outsourcing Practices in High-Hazard Industries (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Jan Hayes Stéphanie TillementThis open access book examines the increase in outsourcing, contracting and subcontracting as ways of organising work. It explores the impact of these employment arrangements on public safety, particularly when they are linked to complex supply networks in a range of engineering industries including oil and gas, nuclear power and aviation. The brief provides practical recommendations on how best to manage arrangements that target short-term profitability and also maintain excellence in long-term safety outcomes. The brief is a source of advice for organisations on how to maximise the benefits and minimise long-term system reliability issues that can be introduced by contracting and outsourcing, rather than assuming it to be a wholly negative or positive practice. Contracting and Safety comprises qualitative, empirical studies focusing on high-reliability organisation. As such, this brief provides a rich picture of the experience of working in complex supply chains. It will be of interest to researchers in industrial safety, as well as safety professionals and project managers within engineering industries.
Contracting-out Welfare Services: Comparing National Policy Designs for Unemployment Assistance (Broadening Perspectives in Social Policy)
by Mark Considine Siobhan O'SullivanContracting-out Welfare Services focuses on the design and overhaul of welfare-to-work systems around the world in the light of the radical re-design of the welfare system; internationally based authors utilise a national/program case study, considering employment services policy and activation practices. International contributors bring a global comparative perspective to the subject Contributors are all experts in their field, who also draw on a much longer intellectual legacy Uses employment services as a case study to advance understanding in relation to a host of broader principles and concepts Each paper included within the text uses a national/program case study, and each considers employment services policy in general, and activation practices in particular
Contradiction of Enlightenment: Hegel and the Broken Middle (Routledge Revivals)
by Nigel TubbsPublished in 1997, this books is an examination of the determination of the concept of enlightenment, and related notions, within modern social relations. The work opens up innovative areas of research into the relationship between philosophy, social relations, and education. It applies Gillian Rose's work on "the broken middle" of Hegelian philosophy to social and educational theorizing. It offers a critique of the idea of enlightenment, and of the identity of the teacher in social theory - Rousseau, Marx and Durkheim - in critical theory - Habermas and Adorno - in "postmodernism" - Foucalt and Nietzsche - and in a variety of educational and pedagogical theories. The book concludes with an original application of Hegelian speculative philosophy to the teacher/student relationship. This work challenges those working in social theory and in education to comprehend the contradictions on their theorising as a shared philosophical consciousness, a shared "broken middle".
Contradictions of Archaeological Theory: Engaging Critical Realism and Archaeological Theory (Critical Realism: Interventions (Routledge Critical Realism))
by Sandra WallaceIs current archaeological theory stuck at an impasse? Sandra Wallace argues that archaeological theory has become mired as a result of logical and ontological contradictions. By showing that these contradictions are a result of common underlying philosophical assumptions and fallacies this book is able to show how a fresh approach to this discipline is necessary to resolve them, even if this requires re-examining some of the tenants of orthodox archaeology. This fresh approach is achieved by using Critical Realism as an "under labourer" to philosophically evaluate archaeological theory. Starting by assessing the historical impact of philosophy on the discipline and then looking at the current relationship between archaeology and the ontology of the material this book facilitates the construction of discipline specific theory by archaeologists. The result is an approach to archaeology that allows both students and practitioners to free themselves from endemic contradictions and re-discover their approach to archaeological theory.
Contradictions of the Welfare State (Routledge Library Editions: Welfare and the State #16)
by Claus OffeOriginally published in 1984, Contradictions of the Welfare State is the first collection of Claus Offe’s essays to appear in a single volume in English. The political writings in this volume are primarily concerned with the origins of the present difficulties of welfare capitalist states, and he indicates why in the present period, these states are no longer capable of fully managing the socio-political problems and conflicts generated by late capitalist societies. Offe discusses the viability of New Right, corporatist and democratic socialist proposals for restructuring the welfare state. He also offers fresh and penetrating insights into a range of other subjects, including social movements, political parties, law, social policy, and labour markets.
Contrary Notions: The Michael Parenti Reader
by Michael ParentiProminent leftist public intellectual Parenti has built a reputation for himself as a trenchant, yet engaging and accessible, critic of capitalism, imperialism, and other forms of exploitation and violence and this diverse collection of his writings will not disappoint his fans (nor, probably, convince his detractors). Over the course of the collection he takes on the corporate media, intellectual repression in academia, the stolen presidential elections of 2000 and 2004 (not that he's a fan of Al Gore or John Kerry), right wing judicial activism, free-market orthodoxies and mythologies, racism, sexism, homophobia, postmodern attacks on Marxism, the distortions of dominant history, ill-informed demonizations of the Venezuelan political process, his own life, and many other topics. Annotation ©2007 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
Contrasts in Criminal Justice: Getting from Here to There
by David NelkenThis title was first published in 2000: This text tackles the issues raised by comparative research into criminal justice on other cultures. How far does criminal justice reflect general culture? Can collaborative research overcome the problem of translating incommensurable concepts? What are the possibilities for "virtual comparisons"? How do we tell difference? The authors, drawn from a range of countries, offer reflections on international differences in the process of trial and punishment.
Contrasts in Religion, Community, and Structure at Three Homeless Shelters: Changing Lives (Routledge Studies in Religion)
by Michael Jindra Ines W. Jindra Sarah DeGeneroHow do people in poverty and homelessness change their lives and get back on their feet? Homeless shelters across the world play a huge role in this process. Many of them are religious, but there is a lot of diversity in faith-based non-profits that assist people affected by poverty and homelessness. In this timely book, the authors look at three homeless shelters that take more or less intensive approaches to faith, community, and programming. In one shelter, for instance, residents are required to do a program of classes that includes group Bible study, worship, and self-evaluation. The other two examined are significantly less faith-based, but in different ways and with different structures. The authors show how the three shelters tackle homelessness differently, drawing on narrative biographical interviews and case studies with residents, interviews with staff, and case study research of the three shelters. Entering into significant debates in social theory over religion, agency, cognitive action, and culture, this book is important reading for scholars and students in religious studies, sociology and social work.
Contributions on Theory of Mathematical Statistics
by Kei TakeuchiThis volume is a reorganized edition of Kei Takeuchi’s works on various problems in mathematical statistics based on papers and monographs written since the 1960s on several topics in mathematical statistics and published in various journals in English and in Japanese. They are organized into seven parts, each of which is concerned with specific topics and edited to make a consistent thesis. Sometimes expository chapters have been added. The topics included are as follows: theory of statistical prediction from a non-Bayesian viewpoint and analogous to the classical theory of statistical inference; theory of robust estimation, concepts, and procedures, and its implications for practical applications; theory of location and scale covariant/invariant estimations with derivation of explicit forms in various cases; theory of selection and testing of parametric models and a comprehensive approach including the derivation of the Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC); theory of randomized designs, comparisons of random and conditional approaches, and of randomized and non-randomized designs, with random sampling from finite populations considered as a special case of randomized designs and with some separate independent papers included. Theory of asymptotically optimal and higher-order optimal estimators are not included, since most of them already have been published in the Joint Collected Papers of M. Akahira and K. Takeuchi. There are some topics that are not necessarily new, do not seem to have attracted many theoretical statisticians, and do not appear to have been systematically dealt with in textbooks or expository monographs. One purpose of this volume is to give a comprehensive view of such problems as well.
Contributions to Alternative Concepts of Knowledge (Beyond the Social Sciences #4)
by Michael Kuhn Hebe Eds. VessuriIn the past, the European social sciences labelled and discredited knowledge that did not conform to their own definition of scientific knowledge as an alternative kind of knowledge, as 'indigenous' knowledge. Perception has changed with time: not only has indigenous knowledge become an entrance ticket to the world of European social science, but the indigenization of European theories is seen by some as the contribution of peripheral social sciences to join the theories of the centers. This book offers contributions to the conversation on alternative concepts of knowledge, inviting the reader to decide if they are truly alternative, indigenous, or European types of knowledge.
Contributions to Psycho-Analysis
by Sándor FerencziContributions to Psycho-Analysis by Sándor Ferenczi is a landmark collection of essays by one of Sigmund Freud’s closest collaborators and a pioneering figure in psychoanalysis. In this influential work, Ferenczi presents his innovative theories on psychological development, therapeutic techniques, and the dynamics of the unconscious mind, expanding on Freud’s foundational ideas while introducing new concepts that have profoundly shaped psychoanalytic thought.Ferenczi’s essays explore a wide range of topics, including trauma, repression, the role of the therapist, and the significance of transference in the therapeutic process. His groundbreaking work on trauma theory introduces the concept of traumatic regression, highlighting how unresolved childhood experiences can manifest in adult behavior. Ferenczi also delves into the complex relationship between therapist and patient, emphasizing the importance of empathy, emotional openness, and mutual understanding in the healing process.A central theme throughout Contributions to Psycho-Analysis is Ferenczi’s belief in the importance of adapting therapeutic methods to meet the unique needs of each patient, challenging rigid, one-size-fits-all approaches. His work foreshadows many modern developments in psychoanalysis, such as the focus on relational dynamics, emotional attunement, and the therapist’s vulnerability.Ferenczi’s writing is marked by clarity, compassion, and intellectual curiosity, making his work accessible not only to psychoanalysts but also to readers interested in psychology and mental health. Contributions to Psycho-Analysis remains essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the evolution of psychoanalytic theory and practice. Ferenczi’s insights continue to inspire therapists and scholars alike, offering timeless wisdom on the complexities of the human mind and the process of emotional healing.
Contributions to Sampling Statistics (Contributions to Statistics)
by Fulvia Mecatti Pier Luigi Conti Maria Giovanna RanalliThis book contains a selection of the papers presented at the ITACOSM 2013 Conference, held in Milan in June 2013 It is intended as an international forum of scientific discussion on the developments of theory and application of survey sampling methodologies and applications in human and natural sciences. The book gathers research papers carefully selected from both invited and contributed sessions of the conference. The whole book appears to be a relevant contribution to various key aspects of sampling methodology and techniques; it deals with some hot topics in sampling theory, such as calibration, quantile-regression and multiple frame surveys and with innovative methodologies in important topics of both sampling theory and applications Contributions cut across current sampling methodologies such as interval estimation for complex samples, randomized responses, bootstrap, weighting, modeling, imputation, small area estimation and effective use of auxiliary information; applications cover a wide and enlarging range of subjects in official household surveys, Bayesian networks, auditing, business and economic surveys, geostatistics and agricultural statistics. The book is an updated, high level reference survey addressed to researchers, professionals and practitioners in many fields.
Contributions to Social Ontology (Routledge Studies in Critical Realism)
by Clive Lawson John Latsis Nuno MartinsRecent years have seen a dramatic re-emergence of interest in ontology. From philosophy and social sciences to artificial intelligence and computer science, ontology is gaining interdisciplinary influence as a popular tool for applied research. Contributions to Social Ontology focuses specifically on these developments within the social sciences. The contributions reveal that this revived interest in social ontology involves far more than an unquestioning acceptance or application of the concepts and methods of academic philosophers. Instead as ontology permeates so many new areas, social ontology itself is evolving in new and fascinating ways. This book engages with these new developments, pushing it forward with cutting-edge new material from leading authors in this area, from Roy Bhaskar to Margaret Archer. It also explicitly analyzes the relationship between the new ontological projects and the more traditional approaches. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers alike across the social sciences and particularly in philosophy, economics and sociology.
Control and Power in Central-local Government Relations (Routledge Revivals)
by R.A.W. RhodesPublished in 1999. Originally published in 1981, Control and Power in Central-Local Government Relations set out to provide a re-interpretation of central-local relations in Britain. The book reviewed the (then) existing literature; redefined the subject of intergovernmental relations (IGR); and developed a theory linking IGR to broader issues in the study of British Government. It rapidly became a classic in the study of local government. The link to broader issues what achieved through the power-dependence model and the focus on policy communities. The book underpinned the vast growth in the study of policy networks in British government. This revised edition includes four new chapters, two of which have been specially written. The new Preface traces the fortunes of the power-dependence model, commenting on and updating the individual chapters. A new part II continues the story. It contains a 1986 essay reviewing criticism of the original model (chapter 6); a 1992 article discussing unresolved issues in the study of policy networks (chapter 7); and a new chapter assessing where we are now in the study of networks. It argues, provocatively, for an ethnographic focus on traditions and narratives; on how individuals construct networks. The book remains essential reading for all students and academics concerned with the study of IGR and policy networks.
Control in an Age of Empowerment (Harvard Business Review Classics)
by Robert SimonsRobert Simons explains how to give employees the freedom to innovate while protecting your firm from loose cannons. Using powerful examples, Simons shows how to apply four powerful management 'levers' to balance autonomy with control.
Controlling Delinquents
by Norman K. Denzin Stanton WheelerDelinquency is one of those social problem areas that calls upon the contributions of many different disciplines. A wide variety of social, psychological, economic, and political forces interact in the organization and operation of agencies of delinquency prevention and control as well as in the lives of delinquents. As a result, research on delinquency is exceedingly complex. To understand what is required to understand delinquency, it is necessary to grasp all of its facets, and the contributions of each of the forces contributing to delinquency as they relate to one another. Measures to prevent and control delinquency constitute a system of organizations, facilities, and practices with a great deal of inherent conflict. Some agencies even perceive themselves as being able to operate successfully without regard to the work of other agencies. From the standpoint of the delinquent, a total system is in operation, and the delinquent's experience reflects all the conflict and lack of clarity that such a complex system encompasses. To understand the delinquent's experience, it is essential to explore the joint effects of the various agencies that deal with him. The comparative study of the organization and operations of similar agencies in different jurisdictions greatly enhances the accuracy with which the crucial questions and variables that affect delinquency can be identified. This study by Stanton Wheeler and his associates about the handling of juvenile offenders in two different police departments continues to provide a striking contribution to understanding delinquency.
Controlling Development: Certainty, Discretion And Accountability (Planning, History And Environment Ser.)
by Booth, PhilipFirst published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Controlling Uncertainty: Decision Making and Learning in Complex Worlds
by Magda OsmanControlling Uncertainty: Decision Making and Learning in Complex Worlds reviews and discusses the most current research relating to the ways we can control the uncertain world around us. Features reviews and discussions of the most current research in a number of fields relevant to controlling uncertainty, such as psychology, neuroscience, computer science and engineering Presents a new framework that is designed to integrate a variety of disparate fields of research Represents the first book of its kind to provide a general overview of work related to understanding control
Controlling Urban Events: Law, Ethics and the Material
by Andrea PavoniHow does order emerge out of the multiplicity of bodies, objects, ideas and practices that constitute the urban? This book explores the relation between space, law and control in the contemporary city – and particularly in the context of urban ‘mega events’ – through a combined geographical and normative analysis. Informed by the recent spatial, affective and material ‘turns’ in the humanities and social sciences, Andrea Pavoni addresses this question by pursuing an innovative and trans-disciplinary approach, capable of accounting for the emergence of order in urban space both at the conceptual and empirical levels. Two overarching objectives are pursued. First, to account for the increasing convergence of logics, techniques and technologies of law, security and marketing into novel, potentially oppressive spatial configurations. Second, to envisage a consistent ethico-political strategy to counter this evolution, by rethinking originally and in radically spatial terms the notion of justice. Forging a sophisticated and original analysis, this book offers an analysis that will be of considerable interest to those working in critical urban geography, critical legal studies, critical event studies, surveillance and control studies.
Controlling Women: The Normal and the Deviant (Routledge Library Editions: Women in Society)
by Gillian Williams Bridget HutterOriginally published in 1981 Controlling Women critically examines the forms of moral regulation and social control that were exercised over women at the time, arguing that the study of ‘deviant’ women cannot be separated from the study of how all women are defined and controlled. Contributors consider motherhood, prostitutes, abortion, alcoholism, retirement, geriatric patients, Broadmoor patients and legal controls of sexuality in Britain.Social definitions of women and institutional arrangements are used to control women, often in such a way that women see them, not as control, but as part of everyday routines – part of the ‘natural’ order of things. The book identifies some of the ways in which women seek to resist or circumvent these forms of control.The book will still be of interest to all those concerned with the position of women in our society and, more specifically, to students and teachers of sociology, social policy and theories of deviant behaviour. Its focus on images of women and the exercise of control will be of particular interest to professionals concerned with the counselling of women, whether in social, therapeutic or medical fields.
Controlling the Constable: Police Accountability in England and Wales (Routledge Revivals)
by Tony Jefferson Roger GrimshawIn the early 1980s, the question of how far the police should be accountable for their actions had become extremely vexed. The impending new Police Bill, the Scarman report and the pressure from many sides for an independent complaints machinery hinged on this issue, and a careful review of the problem was badly needed. The Cobden Trust commissioned Tony Jefferson and Roger Grimshaw to research into the matter, and Controlling the Constable, originally published in 1984, is the result of their findings. The authors examine closely the concept of constabulary independence at the time. They look at the relevant legal history and at how this independence was used by chief constables from day to day. On this basis, they then re-assess two of the most controversial policing operations of modern times – Brixton prior to the 1981 Riots and Southall on 23 April 1979, a day which resulted in hundreds of arrests and the death of Blair Peach. They conclude that the concept embodies a fundamental incoherence: the reliance on the law to guide the chief constable, and the failure of the law to do so. They show that all the current proposals for reform, which entailed greater emphasis on the democratic system as a guide, could result in similar incoherence. A new approach to the conflict between legal authority and democratic authority was urgently needed. Controlling the Constable points the way to the only satisfactory resolution – and this included a concept of justice which was coherent and which could serve as a real guide for the chief constable in using his discretion. The book was controversial, but quite clear on one point: however independent any new complaints procedure may become, and however much committees were ‘consulted’ by chief constables via ‘Scarman-type’ liaison committees, until the problem was tackled on this fundamental level, there could be no significant change in police behaviour.
Controversial Essays
by Thomas SowellThomas Sowell takes some of his most popular newspaper columns and examines the broader questions beyond the events which inspired them. One of conservatism's most articulate voices dissects today's most important economic, racial, political, education, legal, and social issues, sharing his entertaining and thought-provoking insights on a wide range of contentious subjects.
Controversial issues in Social Policy
by Howard Jacob Karger James Midgley Peter A. Kindle C. Brene BrownControversial Issues in Social Policy is an edited collection of contemporary social policy debates argued between some of the foremost thinkers in the field of social work as well as prominent authors in other fields. Its 16 debate topics were selected to cover a wide range of professional interests in the field of social policy and are divided into three parts: Social Policy and the American Welfare State, The Culture Wars: Discrimination, Stigma and Social Policy, Social Work and Social Service Delivery Issues. It is a great text for anyone interested in social welfare policy, public policy and contemporary issues at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. It stresses the importance of critical and independent thought in the educational process.
Controversies in Exercise Science
by Thomas RowlandControversies in Exercise Science introduces a series of selected unresolved issues in the field of human exercise science. The common thread to all of these topics is that, in their ultimate resolution, they offer promise of insights into the essential principles of physiological systems and how these respond to the stresses of exercise. Each case study includes an examination of research surrounding each issue; the innovative aspect, however, will be that each of these controversies will be presented in the context of an historical and/or philosophical perspective. These chapter include topics related to basic exercise physiology, sports, physical activity, and exercise health. Underlying each of these debates lie clues which may offer insights into the basic nature of living beings. Aimed at both academics and practitioners in the fields of exercise science, biology, and related sports science disciplines, Controversies in Exercise Science provides arguments for both sides of several selected contemporary controversies in the field of exercise science and, while no ultimate resolution will be provided, the goal is, rather, to offer the reader sufficient "raw material" on which he or she might make their own judgement on the matters presented.