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The Computational Mechanics of Bone Tissue: Biological Behaviour, Remodelling Algorithms and Numerical Applications (Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics #35)
by Jorge Belinha Maria-Cristina Manzanares-Céspedes António M. G. CompletoThis book offers a timely snapshot of computational methods applied to the study of bone tissue. The bone, a living tissue undergoing constant changes, responds to chemical and mechanical stimuli in order to maximize its mechanical performance. Merging perspectives from the biomedical and the engineering science fields, the book offers some insights into the overall behavior of this complex biological tissue. It covers three main areas: biological characterization of bone tissue, bone remodeling algorithms, and numerical simulation of bone tissue and adjacent structures. Written by clinicians and researchers, and including both review chapters and original research, the book offers an overview of the state-of-the-art in computational mechanics of bone tissue, as well as a good balance of biological and engineering methods for bone tissue analysis. An up-to-date resource for mechanical and biomedical engineers seeking new ideas, it also promotes interdisciplinary collaborations to advance research in the field.
Computational Mechanics of Discontinua
by Earl E. Knight Antonio A. Munjiza Esteban RougierMechanics of Discontinua is the first book to comprehensively tackle both the theory ofthis rapidly developing topic and the applications that span a broad field of scientific and engineering disciplines, from traditional engineering to physics of particulates, nano-technology and micro-flows. Authored by a leading researcher who has been at the cutting edge of discontinua simulation developments over the last 15 years, the book is organized into four parts: introductory knowledge, solvers, methods and applications. In the first chapter a short revision of Continuum Mechanics together with tensorial calculus is introduced. Also, a short introduction to the finite element method is given. The second part of the book introduces key aspects of the subject. These include a diverse field of applications, together with fundamental theoretical and algorithmic aspects common to all methods of Mechanics of Discontinua. The third part of the book proceeds with the most important computational and simulation methods including Discrete Element Methods, the Combined Finite-Discrete Element Method, Molecular Dynamics Methods, Fracture and Fragmentation solvers and Fluid Coupling. After these the reader is introduced to applications stretching from traditional engineering and industry (such as mining, oil industry, powders) to nanotechnology, medical and science.
Computational Mechanics of Fluid-Structure Interaction: Computational Methods for Coupled Fluid-Structure Analysis
by Rajeev Kumar Jaiman Vaibhav JoshiThis book is intended to provide a compilation of the state-of-the-art numerical methods for nonlinear fluid-structure interaction using the moving boundary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation. Single and two-phase viscous incompressible fluid flows are considered with the increasing complexity of structures ranging from rigid-body, linear elastic and nonlinear large deformation to fully-coupled flexible multibody system. This book is unique with regard to computational modeling of such complex fluid-structure interaction problems at high Reynolds numbers, whereby various coupling techniques are introduced and systematically discussed. The techniques are demonstrated for large-scale practical problems in aerospace and marine/offshore engineering. This book also provides a comprehensive understanding of underlying unsteady physics and coupled mechanical aspects of the fluid-structure interaction from a computational point of view. Using the body-fitted and moving mesh formulations, the physical insights associated with structure-to-fluid mass ratios (i.e., added mass effects), Reynolds number, large structural deformation, free surface, and other interacting physical fields are covered. The book includes the basic tools necessary to build the concepts required for modeling such coupled fluid-structure interaction problems, thus exposing the reader to advanced topics of multiphysics and multiscale phenomena.
Computational Mechanics with Deep Learning: An Introduction (Lecture Notes on Numerical Methods in Engineering and Sciences)
by Genki Yagawa Atsuya OishiThis book is intended for students, engineers, and researchers interested in both computational mechanics and deep learning. It presents the mathematical and computational foundations of Deep Learning with detailed mathematical formulas in an easy-to-understand manner. It also discusses various applications of Deep Learning in Computational Mechanics, with detailed explanations of the Computational Mechanics fundamentals selected there. Sample programs are included for the reader to try out in practice. This book is therefore useful for a wide range of readers interested in computational mechanics and deep learning.
Computational Mechanics with Neural Networks (Lecture Notes on Numerical Methods in Engineering and Sciences)
by Genki Yagawa Atsuya OishiThis book shows how neural networks are applied to computational mechanics. Part I presents the fundamentals of neural networks and other machine learning method in computational mechanics. Part II highlights the applications of neural networks to a variety of problems of computational mechanics. The final chapter gives perspectives to the applications of the deep learning to computational mechanics.
Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging: 6th International Workshop and Challenge, CSI 2019, Shenzhen, China, October 17, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11963)
by Guoyan Zheng Shuo Li Yunliang Cai Liansheng Wang Michel AudetteThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 7th International Workshop and Challenge on Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging, CSI 2019, which was held in conjunction with MICCAI on October 17, 2019, in Shenzhen, China. All submissions were accepted for publication; the book contains 5 peer-reviewed regular papers, covering topics of vertrebra detection, spine segmentation and image-based diagnosis, and 9 challenge papers, investigating (semi-)automatic spinal curvature estimation algorithms and providing a standard evaluation framework with a set of x-ray images.
Computational Methods and Data Engineering: Proceedings of ICCMDE 2021 (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #139)
by Vijayan K. Asari Vijendra Singh Rajkumar Rajasekaran R. B. PatelThe book features original papers from International Conference on Computational Methods and Data Engineering (ICCMDE 2021), organized by School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, during November 25–26, 2021. The book covers innovative and cutting-edge work of researchers, developers, and practitioners from academia and industry working in the area of advanced computing.
Computational Methods and Data Engineering: Proceedings of ICMDE 2020, Volume 1 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #1227)
by Vijendra Singh Vijayan K. Asari Sanjay Kumar R. B. PatelThis book gathers selected high-quality research papers from the International Conference on Computational Methods and Data Engineering (ICMDE 2020), held at SRM University, Sonipat, Delhi-NCR, India. Focusing on cutting-edge technologies and the most dynamic areas of computational intelligence and data engineering, the respective contributions address topics including collective intelligence, intelligent transportation systems, fuzzy systems, data privacy and security, data mining, data warehousing, big data analytics, cloud computing, natural language processing, swarm intelligence, and speech processing.
Computational Methods and Data Engineering: Proceedings of ICMDE 2020, Volume 2 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #1257)
by Vijendra Singh Vijayan K. Asari Sanjay Kumar R. B. PatelThis book gathers selected high-quality research papers from the International Conference on Computational Methods and Data Engineering (ICMDE 2020), held at SRM University, Sonipat, Delhi-NCR, India. Focusing on cutting-edge technologies and the most dynamic areas of computational intelligence and data engineering, the respective contributions address topics including collective intelligence, intelligent transportation systems, fuzzy systems, data privacy and security, data mining, data warehousing, big data analytics, cloud computing, natural language processing, swarm intelligence, and speech processing.
Computational Methods and GIS Applications in Social Science
by Fahui Wang Lingbo LiuThis textbook integrates GIS, spatial analysis, and computational methods for solving real-world problems in various policy-relevant social science applications. Thoroughly updated, the third edition showcases the best practices of computational spatial social science and includes numerous case studies with step-by-step instructions in ArcGIS Pro and open-source platform KNIME. Readers sharpen their GIS skills by applying GIS techniques in detecting crime hotspots, measuring accessibility of primary care physicians, forecasting the impact of hospital closures on local community, or siting the best locations for business. FEATURES Fully updated using the latest version of ArcGIS Pro and open-source platform KNIME Features two brand-new chapters on agent-based modeling and big data analytics Provides newly automated tools for regionalization, functional region delineation, accessibility measures, planning for maximum equality in accessibility, and agent-based crime simulation Includes many compelling examples and real-world case studies related to social science, urban planning, and public policy Provides a website for downloading data and programs for implementing all case studies included in the book and the KNIME lab manual Intended for students taking upper-level undergraduate and graduate-level courses in quantitative geography, spatial analysis, and GIS applications, as well as researchers and professionals in fields such as geography, city and regional planning, crime analysis, public health, and public administration.
Computational Methods and GIS Applications in Social Science - Lab Manual
by Lingbo Liu Fahui WangThis lab manual is a companion to the third edition of the textbook Computational Methods and GIS Applications in Social Science. It uses the open-source platform KNIME to illustrate a step-by-step implementation of each case study in the book. KNIME is a workflow-based platform supporting visual programming and multiple scripting language such as R, Python, and Java. The intuitive, structural workflow not only helps students better understand the methodology of each case study in the book, but also enables them to easily replicate, transplant and expand the workflow for further exploration with new data or models. This lab manual could also be used as a GIS automation reference for advanced users in spatial analysis. FEATURES The first hands-on, open-source KNIME lab manual written in tutorial style and focused on GIS applications in social science Includes 22 case studies from the United States and China that parallel the methods developed in the textbook Provides clear step-by-step explanations on how to use the open-source platform KNIME to understand basic and advanced analytical methods through real-life case studies Enables readers to easily replicate and expand their work with new data and models A valuable guide for students and practitioners worldwide engaged in efforts to develop GIS automation in spatial analysis This lab manual is intended for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in quantitative geography, spatial analysis, GIS applications in socioeconomic studies, GIS applications in business, and location theory, as well as researchers in the similar fields of geography, city and regional planning, sociology, and public administration.
Computational Methods Based on Peridynamics and Nonlocal Operators: Theory and Applications (Computational Methods in Engineering & the Sciences)
by Timon Rabczuk Huilong Ren Xiaoying ZhuangThis book provides an overview of computational methods based on peridynamics and nonlocal operators and their application to challenging numerical problems which are difficult to deal with traditional methods such as the finite element method, material failure being “only” one of them. The authors have also developed a higher-order nonlocal operator approaches capable of solving higher-order partial differential equations on arbitrary domains in higher-dimensional space with ease. This book is of interest to those in academia and industry.
Computational Methods for Application in Industry 4.0 (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by J. Paulo Davim Angelos P. Markopoulos Nikolaos E. KarkalosThis book presents computational and statistical methods used by intelligent systems within the concept of Industry 4.0. The methods include among others evolution-based and swarm intelligence-based methods. Each method is explained in its fundamental aspects, while some notable bibliography is provided for further reading. This book describes each methods' principles and compares them. It is intended for researchers who are new in computational and statistical methods but also to experienced users.
Computational Methods for Approximation of Large-Scale Dynamical Systems
by Mohammad Monir UddinThese days, computer-based simulation is considered the quintessential approach to exploring new ideas in the different disciplines of science, engineering and technology (SET). To perform simulations, a physical system needs to be modeled using mathematics; these models are often represented by linear time-invariant (LTI) continuous-time (CT) systems. Oftentimes these systems are subject to additional algebraic constraints, leading to first- or second-order differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), otherwise known as descriptor systems. Such large-scale systems generally lead to massive memory requirements and enormous computational complexity, thus restricting frequent simulations, which are required by many applications. To resolve these complexities, the higher-dimensional system may be approximated by a substantially lower-dimensional one through model order reduction (MOR) techniques. Computational Methods for Approximation of Large-Scale Dynamical Systems discusses computational techniques for the MOR of large-scale sparse LTI CT systems. Although the book puts emphasis on the MOR of descriptor systems, it begins by showing and comparing the various MOR techniques for standard systems. The book also discusses the low-rank alternating direction implicit (LR-ADI) iteration and the issues related to solving the Lyapunov equation of large-scale sparse LTI systems to compute the low-rank Gramian factors, which are important components for implementing the Gramian-based MOR. Although this book is primarly aimed at post-graduate students and researchers of the various SET disciplines, the basic contents of this book can be supplemental to the advanced bachelor's-level students as well. It can also serve as an invaluable reference to researchers working in academics and industries alike. Features: Provides an up-to-date, step-by-step guide for its readers. Each chapter develops theories and provides necessary algorithms, worked examples, numerical experiments and related exercises. With the combination of this book and its supplementary materials, the reader gains a sound understanding of the topic. The MATLAB® codes for some selected algorithms are provided in the book. The solutions to the exercise problems, experiment data sets and a digital copy of the software are provided on the book's website; The numerical experiments use real-world data sets obtained from industries and research institutes.
Computational Methods for Biological Models (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1109)
by Harendra Singh Hemen DuttaThis book discusses computational methods related to biological models using mathematical tools and techniques. The book chapters concentrate on numerical and analytical techniques that provide a global solution for biological models while keeping long-term benefits in mind. The solutions are useful in closely understanding biological models, and the results will be very useful for mathematicians, engineers, doctors, scientists and researchers working on real-life biological models. This book provides significant and current knowledge of biological models related to real-life applications. The book covers both methods and applications.
Computational Methods for Electric Power Systems (Electric Power Engineering Ser.)
by Mariesa L. CrowImprove Compensation Strategies for Package ShortcomingsIn today's deregulated environment, the nation's electric power network is forced to operate in a manner for which it was not designed. As a result, precision system analysis is essential to predict and continually update network operating status, estimate current power flows and bus voltages,
Computational Methods for Electric Power Systems (Electric Power Engineering Series)
by Mariesa L. CrowComputational Methods for Electric Power Systems introduces computational methods that form the basis of many analytical studies in power systems. The book provides the background for a number of widely used algorithms that underlie several commercial software packages, linking concepts to power system applications. By understanding the theory behi
Computational Methods for Electromagnetic and Optical Systems (Optical Science and Engineering)
by John M. Jarem Partha P. BanerjeeThe current rapid and complex advancement applications of electromagnetic (EM) and optical systems calls for a much needed update on the computational methods currently in use. Completely revised and reflecting ten years of develoments, this second edition of the bestselling Computational Methods for Electromagnetic and Optical Systems provides the
Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics
by Joel H. Ferziger Milovan Perić Robert L. StreetThis book is a guide to numerical methods for solving fluid dynamics problems. The most widely used discretization and solution methods, which are also found in most commercial CFD-programs, are described in detail. Some advanced topics, like moving grids, simulation of turbulence, computation of free-surface flows, multigrid methods and parallel computing, are also covered. Since CFD is a very broad field, we provide fundamental methods and ideas, with some illustrative examples, upon which more advanced techniques are built. Numerical accuracy and estimation of errors are important aspects and are discussed in many examples. Computer codes that include many of the methods described in the book can be obtained online. This 4th edition includes major revision of all chapters; some new methods are described and references to more recent publications with new approaches are included. Former Chapter 7 on solution of the Navier-Stokes equations has been split into two Chapters to allow for a more detailed description of several variants of the Fractional Step Method and a comparison with SIMPLE-like approaches. In Chapters 7 to 13, most examples have been replaced or recomputed, and hints regarding practical applications are made. Several new sections have been added, to cover, e.g., immersed-boundary methods, overset grids methods, fluid-structure interaction and conjugate heat transfer.
Computational Methods for Inverse Problems in Imaging (Springer INdAM Series #36)
by Stefano Serra-Capizzano Marco DonatelliThis book presents recent mathematical methods in the area of inverse problems in imaging with a particular focus on the computational aspects and applications. The formulation of inverse problems in imaging requires accurate mathematical modeling in order to preserve the significant features of the image. The book describes computational methods to efficiently address these problems based on new optimization algorithms for smooth and nonsmooth convex minimization, on the use of structured (numerical) linear algebra, and on multilevel techniques. It also discusses various current and challenging applications in fields such as astronomy, microscopy, and biomedical imaging. The book is intended for researchers and advanced graduate students interested in inverse problems and imaging.
Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships
by Dennis Dimiduk Somnath GhoshComputational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships introduces state-of-the-art advances in computational modeling approaches for materials structure-property relations. Written with an approach that recognizes the necessity of the engineering computational mechanics framework, this volume provides balanced treatment of heterogeneous materials structures within the microstructural and component scales. Encompassing both computational mechanics and computational materials science disciplines, this volume offers an analysis of the current techniques and selected topics important to industry researchers, such as deformation, creep and fatigue of primarily metallic materials. Researchers, engineers and professionals involved with predicting performance and failure of materials will find Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships a valuable reference.
Computational Methods for Nanoscale Applications: Particles, Plasmons and Waves (Nanostructure Science and Technology)
by Igor TsukermanPositioning itself at the common boundaries of several disciplines, this work provides new perspectives on modern nanoscale problems where fundamental science meets technology and computer modeling. In addition to well-known computational techniques such as finite-difference schemes and Ewald summation, the book presents a new finite-difference calculus of Flexible Local Approximation Methods (FLAME) that qualitatively improves the numerical accuracy in a variety of problems.
Computational Methods for Reinforced Concrete Structures
by Ulrich Häußler-CombeThe book covers the application of numerical methods to reinforced concrete structures. To analyze reinforced concrete structures linear elastic theories are inadequate because of cracking, bond and the nonlinear and time dependent behavior of both concrete and reinforcement. These effects have to be considered for a realistic assessment of the behavior of reinforced concrete structures with respect to ultimate limit states and serviceability limit states. The book gives a compact review of finite element and other numerical methods. The key to these methods is through a proper description of material behavior. Thus, the book summarizes the essential material properties of concrete and reinforcement and their interaction through bond. These basics are applied to different structural types such as bars, beams, strut and tie models, plates, slabs and shells. This includes prestressing of structures, cracking, nonlinear stress?strain relations, creeping, shrinkage and temperature changes. Appropriate methods are developed for each structural type. Large displacement and dynamic problems are treated as well as short-term quasi-static problems and long-term transient problems like creep and shrinkage. Most problems are illustrated by examples which are solved by the program package ConFem, based on the freely available Python programming language. The ConFem source code together with the problem data is available under open source rules at concrete-fem.com. The author aims to demonstrate the potential and the limitations of numerical methods for simulation of reinforced concrete structures, addressing students, teachers, researchers and designing and checking engineers.
Computational Methods for Sensor Material Selection (Integrated Analytical Systems)
by Charles J. Taylor Margaret A. Ryan M. L. Homer Mario Blanco Joseph R. Stetter Abhijit V. ShevadeChemical vapor sensing arrays have grown in popularity over the past two decades, finding applications for tasks such as process control, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnosis. This is the first in-depth analysis of the process of choosing materials and components for these "electronic noses", with special emphasis on computational methods. For a view of component selection with an experimental perspective, readers may refer to the complementary volume of Integrated Microanalytical Systems entitled "Combinatorial Methodologies for Sensor Materials."
Computational Methods in Catalysis and Materials Science: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
by Rutger A. van Santen Philippe SautetThis practical guide describes the basic computational methodologies for catalysis and materials science at an introductory level, presenting the methods with relevant applications, such as spectroscopic properties, chemical reactivity and transport properties of catalytically interesting materials. Edited and authored by internationally recognized scientists, the text provides examples that may be considered and followed as state-of-the art.