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Desert Weeds: Personal Narrative on Botanical First Responders
by Garry RogersIn their rapid colonization of soil exposed by fires, floods, and grazing animals, weeds resemble the human specialists we label Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs). Weeds are the first responders when disasters occur in nature. They occupy bare soil and prevent erosion by wind and water. In extreme cases such as a landslide, weeds are essential to the healing processes that replace the lost soil. Like a Band-Aid on a skinned knee, weeds protect the land while it recovers. Besides protecting the soil after disaster, weeds provide food for wildlife, and some of them provide food and medicine for people. Able to withstand harsh conditions, weeds will proliferate as global warming and other human impacts intensify. Thus, nature’s EMTs will increase while all other plants decline. The book provides a succinct definition of weeds according to their form and function in ecosystem processes. The narrative uses a representative set of weed species from a desert location to illustrate the full range of weed characteristics.
Desertification and Land Degradation: Concept to Combating
by Ajai Rimjhim BhatnagarDesertification and land degradation are complex phenomena, and we need to understand their causes, consequences, and means to mitigate and combat their impact. Therefore, this book aims to explain the concept and characteristics of drylands, desert and desertification, land degradation, wastelands, and the concept of ecosystem services. It also discusses various types of processes of land degradations, their characteristics, physics and indicators along with mapping, monitoring and assessment of methods involved. Concept of Ocean Biological Deserts is discussed along with international and regional efforts towards combating land degradation and desertification. Key Features:• Provides all the aspect of desertification and land degradation at one place • Includes comprehensive methods to monitor different desertification/land degradation processes • Comprehensive overview of the mapping, monitoring and modelling techniques • Role of space borne data in identifying, monitoring and combating desertification is evaluated and reported with real case studies • Explains the concept of ocean biological deserts, their characteristics and mapping
Desiccant-Assisted Cooling
by Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega Nisio Carvalho Lobo BrumThe increasing concern with indoor air quality has led to air-quality standards with increased ventilation rates. Although increasing the volume flow rate of outside air is advisable from the perspective of air-quality, it is detrimental to energy consumption, since the outside air has to be brought to the comfort condition before it is insufflated to the conditioned ambient. Moreover, the humidity load carried within outside air has challenging HVAC engineers to design cooling units which are able to satisfactorily handle both sensible and latent contributions to the thermal load. This constitutes a favorable scenario for the use of solid desiccants to assist the cooling units. In fact, desiccant wheels have been increasingly applied by HVAC designers, allowing distinct processes for the air cooling and dehumidification. In fact, the ability of solid desiccants in moisture removal is effective enough to allow the use of evaporative coolers, in opposition to the traditional vapor-compression cycle, resulting in an ecologically sound system which uses only water as the refrigerant. Desiccant Assisted Cooling: Fundamentals and Applications presents different approaches to the mathematical modeling and simulation of desiccant wheels, as well as applications in thermal comfort and humidity controlled environments. Experts in the field discuss topics from enthalpy, lumped models for heat and mass transfer, and desiccant assisted radiant cooling systems, among others. Aimed at air-conditioning engineers and thermal engineering researchers, this book can also be used by graduate level students and lecturers in the field.
Desiccant Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Systems
by Napoleon Enteria Hazim Awbi Hiroshi YoshinoThis book presents the necessary fundamental knowledge in the research, development, design, selection, and application of desiccant heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems. It covers the established installations in different climatic conditions and building types. In addition, advanced performance evaluation techniques are presented, covering thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects. Hence, the book is an important resource for undergraduate and graduate students, design and installation engineers, researchers and scientists, building owners and occupants, and energy and environmental policy makers.
Design Acoustics: Primary and Secondary Noise Mitigation
by Gh. Reza SinambariThis technical book focuses on the acoustic analysis of weak points in a comprehensible manner. This reliably helps the designer and acoustician to understand the noise development of machines and systems and to develop suitable primary and secondary noise reduction measures. Selected application examples from practice support the user in developing his own ideas for the implementation of product-related noise reductions.
Design Added Value: How Design Increases Value for Architects and Engineers
by Ömer AkınDesign has intrinsic, economic value. To make this value tangible, design features of buildings need to be explored, measured, and taken into account when initiating projects and financing their construction. It is as calculable as the extrinsic value of a project. However, we need concepts, strategies, methods, techniques, and tools to do just that. The Value Based Design approach and Design-Added Value (D-AV) methodology in this book enables architects, engineers, contractors and owner-clients of buildings to benefit from extraordinary design and construction features. It explains the rationale and motivation for D-AV methodology, outlines and illustrates this methodology with examples, provides complete and detailed examples of how the key analysis techniques work through historical case studies, and describes specific methods used in application of the D-AV methodology, such as Bayesian statistics, cost benefit analysis, pairwise comparison techniques, cognitive walkthroughs, and optimization.
Design Advances in Aerospace Robotics: Proceedings of TORVEASTRO 2023 (Mechanisms and Machine Science #130)
by Marco Ceccarelli Loredana Santo Marco Paoloni Giacomo CupertinoThis book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of space robots as presented at the International Conference on Robots for Space Applications in Orbital Stations (TORVEASTRO), held in Rome, Italy on April 20-21, 2023. Topics addressed include history of space and robotics, bio-inspired space robotics, grasping, handling and intelligent manipulation, kinematics and dynamics, navigation & motion planning, robot vision and control, human-machine interfaces, new designs and prototypes, humanoid astronaut robots, and service space robots.
Design Aids for Offshore Topside Platforms Under Special Loads
by Srinivasan Chandrasekaran Arvind Kumar Jain Nasir Shafiq M. Mubarak WahabOffshore platforms face many risks, including a hostile ocean environment, extreme temperatures, overpressure loads, fire risks, and hydrocarbon explosions, all of which pose unique challenges in designing their topside platforms. The topside design also involves the selection of appropriate materials to reduce fire risk without compromising the functional requirements. These platforms serve valuable, utility, production, and processing purposes, and can also provide living quarters for personnel. Concepts such as basic design, special design, materials selection, and risk hazards are explained in the authors' straightforward classroom style, and are based on their rich experience in both academia and industry. Features • Includes practical examples which are solved using international codes to offer a better understanding of the subjects presented • Addresses safety and risk of offshore platforms, and considers numerous topside accident scenarios • Discusses the structural and mechanical properties of various materials, such as steel and newer functionally graded materials (FGMs) Design Aids for Offshore Topside Platforms Under Special Loads serves as a design manual for multi-disciplinary engineering graduates and practicing professionals working in civil, mechanical, offshore, naval, and petroleum engineering fields. In addition, the book will serve as reference manual for practicing design engineers and risk assessors.
Design Aids for Stiffened Composite Shells with Cutouts
by Sarmila SahooThis book focuses on the free vibrations of graphite-epoxy laminated composite stiffened shells with cutout both in terms of the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The dynamic analysis of shell structures, which may have complex geometry and arbitrary loading and boundary conditions, is solved efficiently by the finite element method, even including cutouts in shells. The results may be readily used by practicing engineers dealing with stiffened composite shells with cutouts. Several shell forms viz. cylindrical shell, hypar shell, conoidal shell, spherical shell, saddle shell, hyperbolic paraboloidal shell and elliptic paraboloidal shell are considered in the book. The dynamic characteristics of stiffened composite shells with cutout are described in terms of the natural frequency and mode shapes. The size of the cutouts and their positions with respect to the shell centre are varied for different edge constraints of cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composite shells. The effects of these parametric variations on the fundamental frequencies and mode shapes are considered in detail. The information regarding the behavior of stiffened shells with cutouts for a wide spectrum of eccentricity and boundary conditions for cross ply and angle ply shells may be used as design aids for structural engineers. The book is a significant contribution to the existing literature from the point of view of both industrial importance and academic interest.
Design Alchemy
by Roderick SimsThe promise of online learning--flexible, learner-centered, responsive--was forward-looking and poised to revolutionize education. But too often online learning courses have little room for student engagement and their design does not reflect the potential for interactive and collaborative learning. Design Alchemy counters this trend by synthesizing the art and science of educational design to model a whole that transcends the sum of its parts. Challenging yet accessible, it clearly sets out steps for harnessing innovative strategies and designer creativity to provide educational platforms that reduce learner boredom and instructor burnout, and encourage deeper interaction with subject matter. Activities, assessment methods, and sample course materials are designed toward improving quality, embracing diversity, and adapting positively to change. And the book's palette of resources enables readers to effectively apply the principles in their own practice: The evolution of Design Alchemy in the context of online learning. Alignment with core theories and practice models. The framework: elements of pedagogy and components of practice. Case studies showing Design Alchemy in real-world learning. Tools, templates, and a sample syllabus. The Design Alchemy Manifesto, summarizing key ideas. Researchers and practitioners in technology and education will look to Design Alchemy as a transformative work to help make the most of student potential, learning opportunities, and their own professional growth.
Design, Analysis and Control of Cable-suspended Parallel Robots and Its Applications
by Bin Zi Sen QianThis book provides an essential overview of the authors' work in the field of cable-suspended parallel robots, focusing on innovative design, mechanics, control, development and applications. It presents and analyzes several typical mechanical architectures of cable-suspended parallel robots in practical applications, including the feed cable-suspended structure for super antennae, hybrid-driven-based cable-suspended parallel robots, and cooperative cable parallel manipulators for multiple mobile cranes. It also addresses the fundamental mechanics of cable-suspended parallel robots on the basis of their typical applications, including the kinematics, dynamics and trajectory tracking control of the feed cable-suspended structure for super antennae. In addition it proposes a novel hybrid-driven-based cable-suspended parallel robot that uses integrated mechanism design methods to improve the performance of traditional cable-suspended parallel robots. A comparative study on error and performance indices of hybrid-driven based and traditional cable-suspended parallel robots rounds out the coverage. This book addresses the needs of researchers, engineers and post-graduates in the field of cable-suspended parallel robots and related areas.
Design, Analysis, and Manufacturing of Lightweight Composite Structures
by Hamid Dalir Siddharth Bhaganagar Nicholas Frimas Seyedeh Fatemah NabaviDesign, Analysis, and Manufacturing of Lightweight Composite Structures provides a thorough guide to composite materials and their applications, suitable for students of all levels, as well as those in the industry. Covering established theory as well as cutting-edge developments in the field, this book is an essential companion to anyone interested in composite materials.Discussing the mechanical properties of advanced composites and their materials, this book describes testing and evaluation, focusing on sustainability in manufacturing. Looking at how composite materials can form structural components, this book is centered around how to design and analyze these materials as appropriate to different applications. It discusses micromechanics, stiffness matrices, and numerical calculations using MATLABR, Excel, and Python. It also covers failure, applied forces, strain, and stress, alongside finite element analysis of composites.This book is suitable for students and researchers in the field of composites, mechanical design, micromechanics, mechanics of solids, and material science. It also has relevance to the automotive industry.
Design Analysis in Rock Mechanics
by William G. PariseauThis comprehensive introduction to rock mechanics treats the basics of rock mechanics in a clear and straightforward manner and discusses important design problems in terms of the mechanics of materials. This extended third edition includes an additional chapter on Foundations on Jointed Rock. Developed for a complete class in rock engineering, this volume uniquely combines the design of surface and underground rock excavations and addresses:• rock slope stability in surface excavations, from planar block and wedge slides to rotational and toppling failures • shaft and tunnel stability, ranging from naturally-supported openings to analysis and design of artificial support and reinforcement systems • entries and pillars in stratified ground • three-dimensional caverns, with emphasis on cable bolting and backfill • geometry and forces of chimney caving, combination support and trough subsidence • rock bursts and bumps in underground excavations, with focus on dynamic phenomena and on fast and sometimes catastrophic failures. The numerous exercises and examples familiarize the reader with solving basic practical problems in rock mechanics through various design analysis techniques and their applications. Supporting the main text, appendices provide supplementary information about rock, joint, and composite properties, rock mass classification schemes, useful formulas, and an extensive literature list. The large selection of problems at the end of each chapter can be used for home assignment. A solutions manual is available to course instructors. Explanatory and illustrative in character, this volume is suited for courses in rock mechanics, rock engineering and geological engineering design for undergraduate and first year graduate students in mining, civil engineering and applied earth sciences. Moreover, it will form a good introduction to the subject of rock mechanics for earth scientists and engineers from other disciplines.
Design Analysis of Beams, Circular Plates and Cylindrical Tanks on Elastic Foundations: Including Software CD-ROM
by Edmund S. MelerskiThis extended and revised second edition elaborates on techniques for the numerical analysis of beams, long strips, circular plates, and circular-cylindrical tanks resting on elastic foundations and on unyielding or elastic supports. Emphasis is placed on the simplicity of analysis, while maintaining the accuracy of results, and a large number of examples are included as illustration. Easy-to-use, fully-revised software is included which runs smoothly under current Windows operating systems. The applicability of the software is extended to analysis of laterally-loaded piles and bending analysis of retaining walls. A bonus suite of complementary software containing programmes for elastic-plastic soil-structure interaction analyses of beams or strips, laterally-loaded piles or sheet-piles, and long retaining walls is also included. This package of numerical techniques and software provides a powerful tool which renders design analysis of structures easy and time-efficient. Practising engineers will find this title invaluable, while postgraduate students and researchers working in soil-structure interaction will also find the book-software package very useful.
Design and Analysis of Biomolecular Circuits
by Douglas Densmore Heinz Koeppl Gianluca Setti Mario Di BernardoThe book deals with engineering aspects of the two emerging and intertwined fields of synthetic and systems biology. Both fields hold promise to revolutionize the way molecular biology research is done, the way today's drug discovery works and the way bio-engineering is done. Both fields stress the importance of building and characterizing small bio-molecular networks in order to synthesize incrementally and understand large complex networks inside living cells. Reminiscent of computer-aided design (CAD) of electronic circuits, abstraction is believed to be the key concept to achieve this goal. It allows hiding the overwhelming complexity of cellular processes by encapsulating network parts into abstract modules. This book provides a unique perspective on how concepts and methods from CAD of electronic circuits can be leveraged to overcome complexity barrier perceived in synthetic and systems biology.
Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors (Wiley-ASME Press Series)
by Rene Van den BraembusscheA comprehensive overview of fluid dynamic models and experimental results that can help solve problems in centrifugal compressors and modern techniques for a more efficient aerodynamic design. Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors isacomprehensive overview of the theoretical fluid dynamic models describing the flow in centrifugal compressors and the modern techniques for the design of more efficient centrifugal compressors. The author — a noted expert in the field, with over 40 years of experience — evaluates relevant numerical and analytical prediction models for centrifugal compressors with special attention to their accuracy and limitations. Relevant knowledge from the last century is linked with new insights obtained from modern CFD. Emphasis is to link the flow structure, performance and stability to the geometry of the different compressor components. Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors is an accessible resource that combines theory with experimental data and previous research with recent developments in computational design and optimization. This important resource Covers the basic information concerning fluid dynamics that are specific for centrifugal compressors and clarifies the differences with axial compressors Provides an overview of performance prediction models previously developed in combination with extra results from research conducted by the author Describes helpful numerical and analytical models for the flow in the different components in relation to flow stability, operating range and performance Includes the fundamental information for the aerodynamic design of more efficient centrifugal compressors Explains the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the design and analysis of centrifugal compressors Written for engineers, researchers and designers in industry as well as for academics specializing in the field, Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors offers an up to date overview of the information needed for the design of more effective centrifugal compressors.
Design and Analysis of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Networks (Emerging Operations Research Methodologies and Applications)
by Subramanian PazhaniClosed loop supply chains and their management have become mandatory for firms to stay competitive and profitable. This book provides insights into designing supply chain networks by understanding and incorporating key return parameters into the network design, which will affect profitability. The book discusses how customer categories and their acceptance behavior are incorporated into the network design. It also shows how to analyze the interaction of parameters on supply chain network design and profitability, offers modeling framework for incorporating uncertainties in the return product parameters, and shows how to design a robust network. Invaluable for managers in designing a sustainable, robust, and profitable supply chain network and ideal for managers, practitioners, and researchers in the area of supply chain network design and optimization.
Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures (Aerospace Series)
by Christos KassapoglouNew edition updated with additional exercises and two new chapters. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures, 2nd Edition builds on the first edition and includes two new chapters on composite fittings and the design of a composite panel, as well additional exercises. The book enables graduate students and engineers to generate meaningful and robust designs of complex composite structures. A compilation of analysis and design methods for structural components made of advanced composites, it begins with simple parts such as skins and stiffeners and progresses through to applications such as entire components of fuselages and wings. It provides a link between theory and day-to-day design practice, using theory to derive solutions that are applicable to specific structures and structural details used in industry. Starting with the basic mathematical derivation followed by simplifications used in real-world design,Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures, 2nd Edition presents the level of accuracy and range of applicability of each method along with design guidelines derived from experience combined with analysis. The author solves in detail examples taken from actual applications to show how the concepts can be applied, solving the same design problem with different methods based on different drivers (e.g. cost or weight) to show how the final configuration changes as the requirements and approach change. Each chapter is followed by exercises that represent specific design problems often encountered in the aerospace industry but which are also applicable in the in the automotive, marine, and construction industries. Updated to include additional exercises, that represent real design problems encountered in the aerospace industry, but which are also applicable in the in the automotive, marine, and construction industries. Includes two new chapters. One on composite fittings and another on application and the design of a composite panel. Provides a toolkit of analysis and design methods that enable engineers and graduate students to generate meaningful and robust designs of complex composite structures. Provides solutions that can be used in optimization schemes without having to run finite element models at each iteration; thus speeding up the design process and allowing the examination of many more alternatives than traditional approaches. Supported by a complete set of lecture slides and solutions to the exercises hosted on a companion website for instructors. An invaluable resource for Engineers and graduate students in aerospace engineering as well as Graduate students and engineers in mechanical, civil and marine engineering.
Design and Analysis of Composite Structures for Automotive Applications: Chassis and Drivetrain (Automotive Series)
by Vladimir KobelevA design reference for engineers developing composite components for automotive chassis, suspension, and drivetrain applications This book provides a theoretical background for the development of elements of car suspensions. It begins with a description of the elastic-kinematics of the vehicle and closed form solutions for the vertical and lateral dynamics. It evaluates the vertical, lateral, and roll stiffness of the vehicle, and explains the necessity of the modelling of the vehicle stiffness. The composite materials for the suspension and powertrain design are discussed and their mechanical properties are provided. The book also looks at the basic principles for the design optimization using composite materials and mass reduction principles. Additionally, references and conclusions are presented in each chapter. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures for Automotive Applications: Chassis and Drivetrain offers complete coverage of chassis components made of composite materials and covers elastokinematics and component compliances of vehicles. It looks at parts made of composite materials such as stabilizer bars, wheels, half-axes, springs, and semi-trail axles. The book also provides information on leaf spring assembly for motor vehicles and motor vehicle springs comprising composite materials. Covers the basic principles for the design optimization using composite materials and mass reduction principles Evaluates the vertical, lateral, and roll stiffness of the vehicle, and explains the modelling of the vehicle stiffness Discusses the composite materials for the suspension and powertrain design Features closed form solutions of problems for car dynamics explained in details and illustrated pictorially Design and Analysis of Composite Structures for Automotive Applications: Chassis and Drivetrain is recommended primarily for engineers dealing with suspension design and development, and those who graduated from automotive or mechanical engineering courses in technical high school, or in other higher engineering schools.
Design and Analysis of Connections in Steel Structures: Fundamentals and Examples
by Alfredo BoracchiniThe book introduces all the aspects needed for the safe and economic design and analysis of connections using bolted joints in steel structures. This is not treated according to any specific standard but making comparison among the different norms and methodologies used in the engineering practice, e.g. Eurocode, AISC, DIN, BS.Several examples are solved and illustrated in detail, giving the reader all the tools necessary to tackle also complex connection design problems. The book is introductory but also very helpful to advanced and specialist audiences because it covers a large variety of practice demands for connection design. Parts that are not taken to an advanced level are seismic design, welds, interaction with other materials (concrete, wood), and cold formed connections./p
Design and Analysis of Control Systems
by Arthur G.O. MutambaraWritten to inspire and cultivate the ability to design and analyze feasible control algorithms for a wide range of engineering applications, this comprehensive text covers the theoretical and practical principles involved in the design and analysis of control systems. From the development of the mathematical models for dynamic systems, the author shows how they are used to obtain system response and facilitate control, then addresses advanced topics, such as digital control systems, adaptive and robust control, and nonlinear control systems.
Design and Analysis of Control Systems: Driving the Fourth Industrial Revolution
by Arthur G.O. MutambaraWritten to inspire and cultivate the ability to design and analyse feasible control algorithms for a wide range of engineering applications, this comprehensive text covers the theoretical and practical principles involved in the design and analysis of control systems. This second edition introduces 4IR adoption strategies for traditional intelligent control, including new techniques of implementing control systems. It provides improved coverage of the characteristics of feedback control, root-locus analysis, frequency-response analysis, state space methods, digital control systems and advanced controls, including updated worked examples and problems.Features: Describes very timely applications and contains a good mix of theory, application, and computer simulation. Covers all the fundamentals of control systems. Takes a transdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approach. Explores updates for 4IR (Industry 4.0) and includes better experiments and illustrations for nonlinear control systems. Includes homework problems, case studies, examples, and a solutions manual. This book is aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students, professional engineers and academic researchers, in interrelated engineering disciplines such as electrical, mechanical, aerospace, mechatronics, robotics and other AI-based systems.
Design and Analysis of Control Systems
by Humberto Stein ShiromotoThis book provides methods to unify different approaches to tackle stability theory problems. In particular, it presents a methodology to blend approaches obtained from measure theory with methods obtained from Lyapunov's stability theory. The author summarizes recent works on how different analysis/design methods can be unified and employed for systems that do not belong to either of domains of validity.
Design and Analysis of Distributed Energy Management Systems: Integration of EMS, EV, and ICT (Power Electronics and Power Systems)
by Anh Tuan Tran Tatsuya Suzuki Shinkichi Inagaki Yoshihiko SusukiThis book provides key ideas for the design and analysis of complex energy management systems (EMS) for distributed power networks. Future distributed power networks will have strong coupling with (electrified) mobility and information-communication technology (ICT) and this book addresses recent challenges for electric vehicles in the EMS, and how to synthesize the distributed power network using ICT. This book not only describes theoretical developments but also shows many applications using test beds and provides an overview of cutting edge technologies by leading researchers in their corresponding fields. Describes design and analysis of energy management systems;Illustrates the synthesis of distributed energy management systems based on aggregation of local agents;Discusses dependability issues of the distributed EMS with emphasis on the verification scheme based on remote-operational hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation and cybersecurity.
Design and Analysis of Ecological Experiments
by Sam ScheinerThe goal of this book is to make some underutilized but potentially very useful methods in experimental design and analysis available to ecologists, and to encourage better use of standard statistical techniques. Ecology has become more and more an experimental science in both basic and applied work,but experiments in the field and in the laboratory often present formidable statistical difficulties. Organized around providing solutions to ecological problems, this book offers ways to improve the statistical aspects of conducting manipulative ecological experiments, from setting them up to interpreting and reporting the results. An abundance of tools, including advanced approaches, are made available to ecologists in step-by-step examples, with computer code provided for common statistical packages. This is an essential how-to guide for the working ecologist and for graduate students preparing for research and teaching careers in the field of ecology.