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Design of Experiments for Agriculture and the Natural Sciences
by Reza HoshmandWritten to meet the needs of both students and applied researchers, Design of Experiments for Agriculture and the Natural Sciences, Second Edition serves as an introductory guide to experimental design and analysis. Like the popular original, this thorough text provides an understanding of the logical underpinnings of design and analysis by selecting and discussing only those carefully chosen designs that offer the greatest utility. However, it improves on the first edition by adhering to a step-by-step process that greatly improves accessibility and understanding. Real problems from different areas of agriculture and science are presented throughout to show how practical issues of design and analysis are best handled. Completely revised to greatly enhance readability, this new edition includes: A new chapter on covariance analysis to help readers reduce errors, while enhancing their ability to examine covariances among selected variables Expanded material on multiple regression and variance analysis Additional examples, problems, and case studies A step-by-step Minitab® guide to help with data analysis Intended for those in the agriculture, environmental, and natural science fields as well as statisticians, this text requires no previous exposure to analysis of variance, although some familiarity with basic statistical fundamentals is assumed. In keeping with the book's practical orientation, numerous workable problems are presented throughout to reinforce the reader's ability to creatively apply the principles and concepts in any given situation.
Design of Experiments in Production Engineering
by J. Paulo DavimThis book covers design of experiments (DoE) applied in production engineering as a combination of manufacturing technology with applied management science. It presents recent research advances and applications of design experiments in production engineering and the chapters cover metal cutting tools, soft computing for modelling and optmization of machining, waterjet machining of high performance ceramics, among others.
Design of Fastenings for Use in Concrete: The CEN/TS 1992-4 Provisions (Beton-Kalender Series)
by Rainer Mallée Rolf EligehausenThe European pre-standard CEN/TS 1992-4 for the design of fastenings by means of headed studs, anchor channels as well as post-installed mechanical and chemical anchors is ready for use. The background and interpretation of the provisions related to the determination of actions and resistances based on limit state design, durability, fire resistance, fatigue and earthquake actions as required by CEN/TS 1992 are described in detail. Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience. Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since.
Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines
by Subhamoy BhattacharyaDesign of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines Subhamoy Bhattacharya, University of Surrey, UK Comprehensive reference covering the design of foundations for offshore wind turbines As the demand for “green” energy increases the offshore wind power industry is expanding at a rapid pace around the world. Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines is a comprehensive reference which covers the design of foundations for offshore wind turbines, and includes examples and case studies. It provides an overview of a wind farm and a wind turbine structure, and examines the different types of loads on the offshore wind turbine structure. Foundation design considerations and the necessary calculations are also covered. The geotechnical site investigation and soil behavior/soil structure interaction are discussed, and the final chapter takes a case study of a wind turbine and demonstrates how to carry out step by step calculations. Key features: New, important subject to the industry. Includes calculations and case studies. Accompanied by a website hosting software and data files. Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines is a must have reference for engineers within the renewable energy industry and is also a useful guide for graduate students in this area.
Design of Francis Turbine and OpenFOAM Methods
by Zhiwei Guo Sailesh Chitrakar Zhongdong Qian Bhola ThapaThis book provides a comprehensive guide for academics and industry professionals on designing and optimizing hydraulic turbines, with a particular focus on Francis turbines. The book covers the main dimensions of Francis turbines, including runners, guide vanes, and distributors. The authors have selected OpenFOAM, a free, open-source CFD software, for readers to perform simulations. While there is some existing literature on the topic, this book distinguishes itself by going into detail on the three phases of CFD methods. The authors also describe, step-by-step, how to create a new solver for hydraulic machines to account for sediment erosion. The content is presented in an easy-to-understand manner to help readers quickly grasp the material. The book is accessible to specialists in relevant fields, as well as undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and other professionals interested in designing a suitable Francis turbine or simulating multiphase flow fields for rotating machines.
Design of Function Circuits with 555 Timer Integrated Circuit
by K.C. SelvamThis text discusses sigma- delta- type function circuits, peak detecting function circuits, and peak sampling function circuits in a detailed manner. It further covers all the function circuits designed by using the basic principles of the six building blocks: integrator, the 555 timer integrated circuit, switch, low pass fi lter, peak detector, and sample and hold circuit. It is a useful reference text for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fi elds of electrical engineering and electronics and communication engineering. This book is accompanied by teaching resources, including a solution manual for the instructors. • Discusses function circuits such as multipliers, dividers, and multiplier cum dividers using the 555 timer. • Explains how function circuits are developed with a simple integrator and the 555 timer. • Extends the applications of 555 timers to perform in function circuits. • Covers important topics such as monostable multivibrator, inverting amplifi er, and peak responding divider. • Presents function circuit conversion such as multiplier to square root and divider to a multiplier. This comprehensive book covers the design of function circuits with the help of 555 timer integrated circuits in a single volume. It further discusses how derived function circuits are implemented with integrator, comparator, low pass fi lter, peak detector, and sample and hold circuits.
The Design of Future Things
by Donald A. NormanIn The Design of Future Things, best-selling author Donald A. Norman presents a revealing examination of smart technology, from smooth-talking GPS units to cantankerous refrigerators. Exploring the links between design and human psychology, he offers a consumer-oriented theory of natural human-machine interaction that can be put into practice by the engineers and industrial designers of tomorrow’s thinking machines. A fascinating look at the perils and promise of the intelligent objects of the future, The Design of Future Things is a must-read for anyone interested in the dawn of a new era in technology.
Design of Guidance and Control Systems for Tactical Missiles
by Qi Zaikang Lin DefuDesign of Guidance and Control Systems for Tactical Missiles presents a modern, comprehensive study of the latest design methods for tactical missile guidance and control. It analyzes autopilot designs, seeker system designs, guidance laws and theories, and the internal and external disturbances affecting the performance factors of missile guidance control systems. The text combines detailed examination of key theories with practical coverage of methods for advanced missile guidance control systems. It is valuable content for professors and graduate-level students in missile guidance and control, as well as engineers and researchers who work in the area of tactical missile guidance and control.
Design of High-performance Pre-engineered Steel Concrete Composite Beams for Sustainable Construction
by Sing-Ping Chiew Yi Yang Ming-Shan Zhao Guan-Feng Chua Miao Ding Zhengxia CongThis accessible and practical shortform book details the properties and advantages of high-performance pre-engineered steel-concrete composite beams (HPCBs) for improving the sustainability of construction techniques. It also explains the analysis methods for testing HPCB systems.The authors describe a new HPCB system that has been developed to reduce the input of raw materials and embodied CO2 commonly associated with heavily loaded and long-spanned industrial buildings (which predominately comprise reinforced concrete) and improve the sustainability of the construction process. They provide several resources throughout to facilitate adoption by professionals.Design equations derived from Eurocode 4 approach for ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state and worked examples are included throughout. The authors discuss the feasibility for both materials and the full-scale beams and CO2 reduction methods, including use of recycled concrete aggregate, ground granulated blast-furnace and silica fume to replace natural coarseaggregates and Ordinary Portland Cement. Guidance for testing HPCBs—including setup, test procedure and data collection and interpretation—is also given. The authors also elaborate on recommendations for finite element analysis for HPCBs. Design examples are appended to illustrate typical current practice using a 12 × 12 m grid floor with live load of 15 kPa. Various considerations for different parameters such as fire resistance are discussed. Finally, the authors present a case study of a recently completed industrial building in Singapore to quantify the benefits of using HPCBs over reinforced concrete and conventional composite construction.Structural engineering professionals, whose work relates to long-span and heavy-loading industrial or commercial buildings, will benefit from the detailed guidance and focus on practical applications provided throughout this book. Post-graduate students of advanced steel and composite structures will also benefit from these descriptions.
Design of High Strength Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns: A Eurocode 4 Approach
by Sing-Ping Chiew Yanqing CaiThis book is the companion volume to Design Examples for High Strength Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns – A Eurocode 4 Approach. Guidance is much needed on the design of high strength steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns beyond the remit of Eurocode 4. Given the much narrower range of permitted concrete and steel material strengths in comparison to EC2 and EC3, and the better ductility and buckling resistance of SRC columns compared to steel or reinforced concrete, there is a clear need for design beyond the guidelines. This book looks at the design of SRC columns using high strength concrete, high strength structural steel and high strength reinforcing steel materials – columns with concrete cylinder strength up to 90 N/mm2, yield strength of structural steel up to 690 N/mm2 and yield strength of reinforcing steel up to 600 N/mm2 respectively. The companion volume provides detailed worked examples on use of these high strength materials. This book is written primarily for structural engineers and designers who are familiar with basic EC4 design, and should also be useful to civil engineering undergraduate and graduate students who are studying composite steel concrete design and construction. Equations for design resistances are presented clearly so that they can be easily programmed into design spreadsheets for ease of use.
Design of Highway Bridges: An LRFD Approach
by Richard M. Barker Jay A. PuckettThe latest in bridge design and analysis—revised to reflect the eighth edition of the AASHTO LRFD specifications Design of Highway Bridges: An LRFD Approach, 4th Edition, offers up-to-date coverage of engineering fundamentals for the design of short- and medium-span bridges. Fully updated to incorporate the 8th Edition of the AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design Specifications, this invaluable resource offers civil engineering students and practitioners a a comprehensive introduction to the latest construction methods and materials in bridge design, including Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC), ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC), and Practical 3D Rigorous Analysis. This updated Fourth Edition offers: Dozens of end-of-chapter worked problems and design examples based on the latest AASHTO LRFD Specifications. Access to a Solutions Manual and multiple bridge plans including cast-in-place, precast concrete, and steel multi-span available on the Instructor’s companion website From gaining base knowledge of the AASHTO LRFD specifications to detailed guidance on highway bridge design, Design of Highway Bridges is the one-stop reference for civil engineering students and a key study resource for those seeking engineering licensure through the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam.
Design of Highway Bridges
by Richard M. Barker Jay A. PuckettUp-to-date coverage of bridge design and analysis- revised to reflect the fifth edition of the AASHTO LRFD specifications Design of Highway Bridges, Third Edition offers detailed coverage of engineering basics for the design of short- and medium-span bridges. Revised to conform with the latest fifth edition of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, it is an excellent engineering resource for both professionals and students. This updated edition has been reorganized throughout, spreading the material into twenty shorter, more focused chapters that make information even easier to find and navigate. It also features: Expanded coverage of computer modeling, calibration of service limit states, rigid method system analysis, and concrete shear Information on key bridge types, selection principles, and aesthetic issues Dozens of worked problems that allow techniques to be applied to real-world problems and design specifications A new color insert of bridge photographs, including examples of historical and aesthetic significance New coverage of the "green" aspects of recycled steel Selected references for further study From gaining a quick familiarity with the AASHTO LRFD specifications to seeking broader guidance on highway bridge design-Design of Highway Bridges is the one-stop, ready reference that puts information at your fingertips, while also serving as an excellent study guide and reference for the U. S. Professional Engineering Examination.
Design of Hybrid Structures: Where Steel Profiles Meet Concrete
by André Plumier and Hervé DegéeWell-designed hybrid structures can combine the different performance strengths materials. This guide focuses on design approaches for concrete structures reinforced in an unconventional way by steel profiles. It explains force transfer mechanisms of steel profiles and oncrete interfaces, and an analysis of the characteristics of hybrid structures, including slendercomponents. Several types of hybrid designs are addressed: walls and columns with several embedded steel profiles, connections strengthened by steel profiles between steel and composite or reinforced concrete components, including the specific case of shear keys connecting deep beams or flat slabs to columns. The transition zones in partly reinforced concrete and partly composite columns are also covered. Design of Hybrid Structures draws on the European SMARTCOCO research project of experimentation and numerical modelling, giving practical guidance for designers and introducing the subject for researchers and graduate students.
Design of Hydrodynamic Machines: Pumps and Hydro-Turbines
by Getu Hailu Michal Varchola Peter HlbocanDesign of Hydrodynamic Machines provides a broad, yet concise, theoretical background on the relationship between fluid dynamics and geometry. It covers the most important types of turbomachinery used in power generation industrial processes, utilities, and the oil and gas industry. Offering guidance on the hydraulic design aspect of different parts of turbomachinery, such as impellers, diffusers, volute casing, inlet and outlets, the book discusses how to conduct performance characteristics testing and evaluate performance parameters of the designed parts. It also covers aspects of CFD of turbomachinery. Readers will be able to perform hydraulic design of important turbomachinery parts using commercially available software.Intended for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineering, the book will also be useful for those involved in the hydraulic design, analysis, and testing of turbomachinery.
Design of Hydroelectric Power Plants – Step by Step
by Geraldo Magela PereiraThe design of a hydroelectric plant, along with an installation of transformation of potential energy of water into electricity, is an activity that is not standardized. Each new project is an interesting engineering challenge, and teams need to work in different conditions of each site, integrated to design a functional, economical and environmentally sustainable project. The development of a project, here understood as the plant itself, the reservoir, the maneuver substation and the associated transmission line, is a multidisciplinary activity that encompasses areas of civil engineering, geology, mechanical and electrical engineering, environmental engineering, economic engineering, construction and assembly, and the engineering of operation and maintenance of civil works and electromechanical equipment. The book is organized to facilitate the performance of professional life of the new generations of engineers who will join the Electric Sector, or in other sectors that demand the knowledge regarding hydraulic structures. The book is a simple manual providing the practical step-by-step procedure for designing hydroelectric plants, including legislation, with a general view of the project.
Design of Industrial Structures: Reinforced Cement Concrete and Steel
by Ashoke Kumar DasguptaThis book bridges the gap between academic and professional field pertaining to design of industrial reinforced cement concrete and steel structures. It covers pertinent topics on contracts, specifications, soil survey and design criteria to clarify objectives of the design work. Further, it gives out guiding procedures on how to proceed with the construction in phases at site, negotiating changes in equipment and design development. Safety, quality and economic requirements of design are explained with reference to global codes. Latest methods of analysis, design and use of advanced construction materials have been illustrated along with a brief on analysis software and drafting tool.
The Design of Instruction and Evaluation: Affordances of Using Media and Technology
by Mitchell Rabinowitz Fran C. Blumberg Howard T. EversonThis book is about empirically tested knowledge and principles that inform the design of instructional and evaluation systems, and the use and promise of media and technology within such systems. Historically, psychology has informed the design of instructional and evaluation systems in different ways. A behavioral perspective emphasizes the role of the environment in determining behavior--a factor external to the learner. A cognitive perspective focuses on the role of cognitive processing and constraints in determining learning--factors that are internal to the learner. This volume presents the affordances approach--which addresses how the environment and the affordances within it interact with cognitive processes to determine learning. Insights into this interaction are presented. It is the book's contention that the affordance approach represents an advancement over the behavioral and cognitive perspectives; it is an evolution within the cognitive approach--not an alternative to it. The Design of Instruction and Evaluation: Affordances of Using Media and Technology is intended for education practitioners responsible for the implementation of media and technology in classrooms, for researchers and faculty, and for use as a text in courses on media and technology use in educational settings, instructional design, and psychology of learning.
Design of Integrally-Attached Timber Plate Structures
by Yves WeinandDesign of Integrally-Attached Timber Plate Structures outlines a new design methodology for digitally fabricated spatial timber plate structures, presented with examples from recent construction projects. It proposes an innovative and sustainable design methodology, algorithmic geometry processing, structural optimization, and digital fabrication; technology transfer and construction are formulated and widely discussed. The methodology relies on integral mechanical attachment whereby the connection between timber plates is established solely through geometric manipulation, without additional connectors, such as nails, screws, dowels, adhesives, or welding. The transdisciplinary design framework for spatial timber plate structures brings together digital architecture, computer science, and structural engineering, covering parametric modeling and architectural computational design, geometry exploration, the digital fabrication assembly of engineered timber panels, numerical simulations, mechanical characterization, design optimization, and performance improvement. The method is demonstrated through different prototypes, physical models, and three build examples, focusing specifically on the design of the timber-plate roof structure of 23 large span arches called the Annen Headquarters in Luxembourg. This is useful for the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector and shows how new structural optimization processes can be reinvented through geometrical adaptions to control global and local geometries of complex structures. This text is ideal for structural engineering professionals and architects in both industry and academia, and construction companies.
Design of Intelligent Applications using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
by Ramchandra S. Mangrulkar Antonis Michalas Narendra M. Shekokar Meera Narvekar Pallavi V. ChavanMachine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms are invaluable resources for Industry 4.0 and allied areas and are considered as the future of computing. A subfield called neural networks, to recognize and understand patterns in data, helps a machine carry out tasks in a manner similar to humans. The intelligent models developed using ML and DL are effectively designed and are fully investigated – bringing in practical applications in many fields such as health care, agriculture and security. These algorithms can only be successfully applied in the context of data computing and analysis. Today, ML and DL have created conditions for potential developments in detection and prediction. Apart from these domains, ML and DL are found useful in analysing the social behaviour of humans. With the advancements in the amount and type of data available for use, it became necessary to build a means to process the data and that is where deep neural networks prove their importance. These networks are capable of handling a large amount of data in such fields as finance and images. This book also exploits key applications in Industry 4.0 including: · Fundamental models, issues and challenges in ML and DL. · Comprehensive analyses and probabilistic approaches for ML and DL. · Various applications in healthcare predictions such as mental health, cancer, thyroid disease, lifestyle disease and cardiac arrhythmia. · Industry 4.0 applications such as facial recognition, feather classification, water stress prediction, deforestation control, tourism and social networking. · Security aspects of Industry 4.0 applications suggest remedial actions against possible attacks and prediction of associated risks. - Information is presented in an accessible way for students, researchers and scientists, business innovators and entrepreneurs, sustainable assessment and management professionals. This book equips readers with a knowledge of data analytics, ML and DL techniques for applications defined under the umbrella of Industry 4.0. This book offers comprehensive coverage, promising ideas and outstanding research contributions, supporting further development of ML and DL approaches by applying intelligence in various applications.
Design of Internet of Things
by Gunneswara VSSS Kalaga RaoThe text provides a comprehensive overview of the design aspects of the internet of things devices and covers the fundamentals of big data and data science. It explores various scenarios such as what are the middleware and frameworks available and how to build a stable, standards-based, and Secure internet of things device. It discusses important concepts including embedded programming techniques, machine-to-machine architecture, and the internet of things for smart city applications. It will serve as an ideal design book for professionals, senior undergraduate, and graduate students in the fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and computer engineering. The book- Covers applications and architecture needed to deliver solutions to end customers and readers. Discusses practical aspects of implementing the internet of things in diverse areas including manufacturing, and software development. Highlights big data concepts and embedded programming techniques. Presents technologies including machine to machine, integrated sensors, and radio-frequency identification. Introduces global system for mobile communication and precise details of standards based on internet of things architecture models. The book focuses on practical design aspects such as how to finalize a processor integrated circuit, which operating system to use, etc. in a single volume. It will serve as an ideal text for professionals, senior undergraduate, and graduate students in diverse engineering domains including electrical, electronics and communication, computer.
Design of Jigs, Fixtures and Press Tools (Ane/Athena Books)
by K. VenkataramanTextbook presenting the fundamentals of tool design with special focus on jigs, fixtures and die design Covers sections on sheet metal forming processes; turning, grinding, broaching, welding and modular fixtures; principles of clamping; and an Introduction to Presses and Auxiliary Equipment Author has many years’ experience in both academic and industrial environments, and presents this work in an easily-accessible style End of chapter questions and answers assist the learning process for both practicing tooling designers and engineers, and manufacturing engineering students
Design of Jigs, Fixtures and Press Tools
by K. VenkataramanThis textbook is aimed at providing an introduction to the subject for undergraduate students studying mechanical and manufacturing engineering at most universities. Many of the universities prescribe a syllabus that contains both Design of Jigs and Fixtures, and Design of Press Tools in a single semester course. Keeping the above in mind, this book is designed in two parts. Part-I deals with Jigs and Fixtures and Part-II is earmarked exclusively for the study of Press Tools. Both these subjects are built progressively in successive chapters. A separate appendix, in each part, provides short answer questions with answers, which will help the students in clarifying doubts and strengthen their knowledge. The explanatory notes and illustrations provided in the book will serve as an aid for learning. End-of-chapter questions and answers will prove useful for self study. This textbook will be extremely useful for the students and practicing engineers studying mechanical, manufacturing, and production engineering.
Design of Joints in Steel and Composite Structures: Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures. Part 1-8 Design of Joints. Eurocode 4: Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures. Part 1-8 Design of Joints
by Jean-Pierre Jaspart Klaus WeynandThis book details the basic concepts and the design rules included in Eurocode 3 Design of steel structures: Part 1-8 Design of joints Joints in composite construction are also addressed through references to Eurocode 4 Design of composite steel and concrete structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. Attention has to be duly paid to the joints when designing a steel or composite structure, in terms of the global safety of the construction, and also in terms of the overall cost, including fabrication, transportation and erection. Therefore, in this book, the design of the joints themselves is widely detailed, and aspects of selection of joint configuration and integration of the joints into the analysis and the design process of the whole construction are also fully covered. Connections using mechanical fasteners, welded connections, simple joints, moment-resisting joints and lattice girder joints are considered. Various joint configurations are treated, including beam-to-column, beam-to-beam, column bases, and beam and column splice configurations, under different loading situations (axial forces, shear forces, bending moments and their combinations). The book also briefly summarises the available knowledge relating to the application of the Eurocode rules to joints under fire, fatigue, earthquake, etc., and also to joints in a structure subjected to exceptional loadings, where the risk of progressive collapse has to be mitigated. Finally, there are some worked examples, plus references to already published examples and to design tools, which will provide practical help to practitioners.
Design of Joints in Steel Structures: Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures; Part 1-8 Design of Joints
by ECCS - European Convention for Constructional SteelworkThis book details the basic concepts and the design rules included in Eurocode 3 "Design of steel structures" Part 1-8 "Design of joints". Joints in composite construction are also addressed through references to Eurocode 4 "Design of composite steel and concrete structures" Part 1-1 "General rules and rules for buildings". Moreover, the relevant UK National Annexes are also taken into account. Attention has to be duly paid to the joints when designing a steel or composite structure, in terms of the global safety of the construction, and also in terms of the overall cost, including fabrication, transportation and erection. Therefore, in this book, the design of the joints themselves is widely detailed, and aspects of selection of joint configuration and integration of the joints into the analysis and the design process of the whole construction are also fully covered. Connections using mechanical fasteners, welded connections, simple joints, moment-resisting joints and lattice girder joints are considered. Various joint configurations are treated, including beam-to-column, beam-to-beam, column bases, and beam and column splice configurations, under different loading situations (axial forces, shear forces, bending moments and their combinations). The book also briefly summarises the available knowledge relating to the application of the Eurocode rules to joints under fire, fatigue, earthquake, etc., and also to joints in a structure subjected to exceptional loadings, where the risk of progressive collapse has to be mitigated. Finally, there are some worked examples, plus references to already published examples and to design tools, which will provide practical help to practitioners.
The Design of Learning Experience
by Brad Hokanson Gregory Clinton Monica W. TraceyThis book delves into two divergent, yet parallel themes; first is an examination of how educators can design the experiences of learning, with a focus on the learner and the end results of education; and second, how educators learn to design educational products, processes and experiences. The book seeks to understand how to design how learning occurs, both in the instructional design studio and as learning occurs throughout the world. This will change the area's semantics; at a deeper level, it will change its orientation from instructors and information to learners; and it will change how educators take advantage of new and old technologies. This book is the result of a research symposium sponsored by the Association for Educational Communications and Technology [AECT].