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Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes
by Amlan K. PatraHumans have utilized the bioactive principles of different plants for various beneficial physiological properties including antimicrobial properties for many centuries. However, interests of using medicinal plants declined in the 20th century with the availability of effective synthetic antimicrobial drugs. The development of microbial resistance to various drugs has accelerated research interests towards the use of phytochemicals as alternatives to synthetic drugs in the recent years. This book presents an comprehensive reviews on the antimicrobial and antiviral properties of numerous recently reported phytochemicals, and their mechanisms of antimicrobial actions. Some of the chapters have critically discussed the beneficial and adverse effects of antibacterial, and stimulatory activities of dietary phytochemicals on rumen microbial populations, and gut microbial populations of humans and animals. Microbial adaptation and resistance of microbes to phytochemicals has also been highlighted. On the applied apects, the use of phytochemicals against drug resistance microbes, to treat microbial diseases, for food preservation, to inhibit methanogenic archaea in the rumen, and to modulate lipid biohydrogenating microbial populations to increase conjugated linoleic acids in animal-derived foods have been presented in different chapters.
Dietary Polyphenols: Metabolism and Health Effects (Institute of Food Technologists Series)
by Francisco A Tomás-BarberánPresents recent research on metabolism and the health effects of polyphenols Consumer interest in the health benefits of many phenolic compounds found in plant foods and derivatives has grown considerably in recent years, giving rise to an increased demand for functional foods. Although preclinical and observational studies have promoted the protective properties of polyphenols for a range of chronic diseases, evidence has shown that most dietary polyphenols have little bioavailability. Once ingested, most of them are metabolized by either the intestinal enzymes or by the gut microbiota and then undergo extensive phase-II metabolism reaching significant concentrations of conjugated metabolites. They remain in the systemic circulation and target systemic tissues where trigger biological effects. The polyphenol-derived metabolites produced in humans are dependent upon the composition of the gut microbiota and the subject genetics. Thus all the metabolites do not show the same biological activity in different individuals. To fully understand the health effects of polyphenols, further clinical investigations are required. Dietary Polyphenols describes the latest findings on the polyphenol metabolism and reviews the current evidence on their health effects and that of their bioavailable metabolites. Emphasizing the importance of interindividual variability and the critical role of gut microbiota, this authoritative volume features contributions from recognized experts in the field, exploring specific families of extractable and non-extractable phenolic compounds that exhibit potential health effects. Topics include structural diversity of polyphenols and distribution in foods, bioavailability and bioaccessibility of phenolics, metabolism, and gastrointestinal absorption of various metabolites and their health effects. This comprehensive volume: Discusses the bioavailability, bioaccessibility, pharmacokinetics studies, and microbial metabolism of different groups of phenolic compounds Examines the interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota Describes analytical methods for identifying and quantifying polyphenols in foods and biological samples Reviews recent epidemiological and clinical intervention studies showing protective effects of polyphenols Dietary Polyphenols: Metabolism and Health Effects is an important resource for scientists working in the area of dietary polyphenols and health effects, microbiota, and their interaction with other nutritional compounds, and for health professionals, nutritionists, dieticians, and clinical researchers with interest in the role of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases
Dietary Protein and Resistance Exercise
by Lonnie Michael Lowery Jose AntonioDietary supplement companies and the food industry spend millions to reach resistance trainers-often with exaggerated marketing messages-while health practitioners continue to counsel athletes that their interest in protein is misguided and even dangerous. There appears to be a disconnect between scientists and almost everyone else in sports nutrit
Dietary Proteins and Atherosclerosis
by G. DebryDietary Proteins and Atherosclerosis provides a thorough review of the role of proteins in the development of atherosclerosis. The author reviews early research connections between dietary fat and cardiovascular disease caused by the build-up of plaque in arteries and examines other factors that contribute to atherosclerosis, such as infection and
Dietary Sugars and Health
by Michael I. Goran Luc Tappy Kim-Anne LêSugar consumption is suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, fatty liver disease, and some forms of cancers. Dietary sugars-fructose in particular-also have a potential role in obesity and metabolic diseases.Dietary Sugars and Health presents all aspects of dietary sugars as they relate to heal
Dietary Supplements in Health Promotion
by Taylor C. WallaceThe supplement market continues to grow annually with more than half of the population using these products for reasons spanning from health maintenance to disease prevention and/or treatment. Dietary Supplements in Health Promotion presents clear and concise evidence on how dietary supplements may contribute to maintaining health status. The book
Dietary Supplements of Plant Origin: A Nutrition and Health Approach
by Massimo MaffeiDietary supplements are estimated to be used regularly by almost 60% of the American population, and over 300 million people worldwide. An important and ever-growing portion of this market is in botanical supplements that are derived from natural plants. Natural, however, does not necessarily mean safe, and although plants can provide health-essent
Difference and Differential Equations with Applications in Queueing Theory
by Aliakbar Montazer Haghighi Dimitar P. MishevA Useful Guide to the Interrelated Areas of Differential Equations, Difference Equations, and Queueing ModelsDifference and Differential Equations with Applications in Queueing Theory presents the unique connections between the methods and applications of differential equations, difference equations, and Markovian queues. Featuring a comprehensive collection of topics that are used in stochastic processes, particularly in queueing theory, the book thoroughly discusses the relationship to systems of linear differential difference equations.The book demonstrates the applicability that queueing theory has in a variety of fields including telecommunications, traffic engineering, computing, and the design of factories, shops, offices, and hospitals. Along with the needed prerequisite fundamentals in probability, statistics, and Laplace transform, Difference and Differential Equations with Applications in Queueing Theory provides:A discussion on splitting, delayed-service, and delayed feedback for single-server, multiple-server, parallel, and series queue modelsApplications in queue models whose solutions require differential difference equations and generating function methodsExercises at the end of each chapter along with select answersThe book is an excellent resource for researchers and practitioners in applied mathematics, operations research, engineering, and industrial engineering, as well as a useful text for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in applied mathematics, differential and difference equations, queueing theory, probability, and stochastic processes.
Difference, Sameness and DNA: Investigations in Critical Art and Science (Palgrave BioArt)
by Paul VanouseThis book chronicles over two decades of critical, artistic investigations by Paul Vanouse. His bio-media artwork utilizes the tools of the life sciences reflexively, to challenge tropes and cultural politics surrounding DNA, biotechnology, and life itself. DNA has been called a “Truth Machine”, “God’s Blueprint”, the “Code of Codes” and the “Book of Life”. Vanouse’s work explores questions at the heart of such evocative metaphor and hyperbole: how does DNA link us together, how does it differentiate us and how are the grand metaphors, which grant DNA complete centrality, misconstruing the complexity of life. Furthermore, how do technologies of genetic typing and identification fit within a broader cultural and political history of difference making, particularly the construction of race. Melding critical theory, artist’s manifesto, participatory observation and histories of the sciences, this book offers insight into both an artistic practice and the bio-techno-sciences it interrogates.
A Different Light
by Elizabeth A. LynnA man makes the ultimate sacrifice to find the man he loves in this &“magical . . . entertaining cross-genre tale&” from the World Fantasy Award–winning author (Library Journal). In the future, cancer has been eliminated on Earth. Despite his diagnosis, celebrated artist Jimson Alleca can live peacefully for another twenty years if he stays on the planet to receive his medication. But Jimson does not want peace; he wants love. Even though it will shorten his lifespan, giving him one single year more, Jimson leaves space-normal to enter &“the Hype,&” a shimmering space outside of space. He goes in search of his former lover, the star captain Russell O&’Neill. What he finds is enough adventure and freedom to fill a lifetime. With A Different Light, author Elizabeth A. Lynn has changed the face of science fiction by depicting a homosexual relationship not as taboo or fantastical but as a normal aspect of everyday life, around which the fantasy and adventure gets built. Since the novel&’s first publication in 1978, readers have loved its depth of prose, its clarity of emotion, and its thrilling adventure. It is no wonder Lynn is a multiple World Fantasy Award–winning writer whose work author George R. R. Martin called &“lyrical and literate, and a treat from the first page to the last.&”
Different Perspectives in Design Thinking
by Yvonne ErikssonGlobalization and digitalization are buzz words in contemporary society. They affect both our private and our professional lives. Society has become more diverse with easier access to information and to virtual platforms that gives us opportunity to be in touch with colleagues, friends, family, etc. at any time. A complex environment is emerging wherein internet of things and big data are being integrated with products, production systems, healthcare, and daily activity and play an important part in decision making. This has an impact on future designs and the role of designers. Responsible designers with a holistic perspective are needed.The book highlights several aspects of design thinking such as Information Design and Critical Design. The meaning of culture, gender and disabilities are also discussed. The functions of Information Design are changing from ‘showing the way’, instruction manuals and graphic design. It will affect among others, healthcare technology, smart products and Industry 4.0. Design thinking perspective that includes users from the entire chain and from the producer to the end user of the product or service, is needed. This will also require gender and culture issues to be taken into consideration in designing products and services. Design thinking methods and critical aspects of design will contribute to an inclusive society.
A Different War (The Mitchell Gant Series)
by Craig ThomasA test flight goes down and suspicions of corruption are raised in this &“high-octane thriller&” from the New York Times–bestselling author of Firefox (Daily Express). When a new American airliner crashes on its final test flight, ex-military pilot Mitchell Gant—whose former father-in-law is the CEO of the aircraft company—is called in to investigate, and sets out on the dangerous task of trying to recreate the fatal malfunction in the Arizona desert. Meanwhile in Britain, Marian Pyott is looking into a massive fraud case involving business, politics, and the global marketplace. And soon, Gant&’s and Pyott&’s paths find their paths crossing in this tale of action, suspense, and international intrigue from the author &“widely regarded as the creator of the &‘techno-thriller&’ &” (Wales Online).
Differentiability in Banach Spaces, Differential Forms and Applications
by Celso Melchiades DoriaThis book is divided into two parts, the first one to study the theory of differentiable functions between Banach spaces and the second to study the differential form formalism and to address the Stokes' Theorem and its applications. Related to the first part, there is an introduction to the content of Linear Bounded Operators in Banach Spaces with classic examples of compact and Fredholm operators, this aiming to define the derivative of Fréchet and to give examples in Variational Calculus and to extend the results to Fredholm maps. The Inverse Function Theorem is explained in full details to help the reader to understand the proof details and its motivations. The inverse function theorem and applications make up this first part. The text contains an elementary approach to Vector Fields and Flows, including the Frobenius Theorem. The Differential Forms are introduced and applied to obtain the Stokes Theorem and to define De Rham cohomology groups. As an application, the final chapter contains an introduction to the Harmonic Functions and a geometric approach to Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism.
Differential and Differential-Algebraic Systems for the Chemical Engineer
by Flavio Manenti Guido Buzzi-FerrarisThis fourth in a suite of five practical guides is an engineer's companion to using numerical methods for the solution of complex mathematical problems. It explains the theory behind current numerical methods and shows in a step-by-step fashion how to use them.The volume focuses on differential and differential-algebraic systems, providing numerous real-life industrial case studies to illustrate this complex topic. It describes the methods, innovative techniques and strategies that are all implemented in a freely available toolbox called BzzMath, which is developed and maintained by the authors and provides up-to-date software tools for all the methods described in the book. Numerous examples, sample codes, programs and applications are taken from a wide range of scientific and engineering fields, such as chemical engineering, electrical engineering, physics, medicine, and environmental science. As a result, engineers and scientists learn how to optimize processes even before entering the laboratory.With additional online material including the latest version of BzzMath Library, installation tutorial, all examples and sample codes used in the book and a host of further examples.
Differential Antennas: Theory and Practice
by Yueping ZhangA comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of differential antennas The first antennas ever created were differential antennas, in the dipole and loop constructions, before the subsequent creation of the single-ended or monopole antenna. Dozens of basic antenna configurations have been invented since then, the majority of them differential. The theory and design of differential antennas therefore has an impact on a huge range of fields which make use of electromagnetic waves. Differential Antennas contains a thorough, comprehensive overview of these antennas, their theory, and their practical applications. It details the relationship between differential and single-ended antennas, which may act as tools for determining the properties of one when the other is known. This book offers an analysis of the role differential antennas play in wireless communication and sensing. Overall, it stands as an essential contribution to a key area of communications technology. Differential Antennas readers will also find: Chapters covering topics including microstrip antennas, shorted patch antennas, grid array antennas, and other designs Tables and figures illustrating key data, antenna structures, and more Instructions for measuring differential antennas for characterization and specification purposes Differential Antennas is ideal for senior and graduate level students, researchers, and radio frequency engineers.
Differential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering
by William E. SchiesserFeatures a solid foundation of mathematical and computational tools to formulate and solve real-world PDE problems across various fieldsWith a step-by-step approach to solving partial differential equations (PDEs), Differential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering: Partial Differential Equation Applications with R successfully applies computational techniques for solving real-world PDE problems that are found in a variety of fields, including chemistry, physics, biology, and physiology. The book provides readers with the necessary knowledge to reproduce and extend the computed numerical solutions and is a valuable resource for dealing with a broad class of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations.The author's primary focus is on models expressed as systems of PDEs, which generally result from including spatial effects so that the PDE dependent variables are functions of both space and time, unlike ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems that pertain to time only. As such, the book emphasizes details of the numerical algorithms and how the solutions were computed. Featuring computer-based mathematical models for solving real-world problems in the biological and biomedical sciences and engineering, the book also includes:R routines to facilitate the immediate use of computation for solving differential equation problems without having to first learn the basic concepts of numerical analysis and programming for PDEsModels as systems of PDEs and associated initial and boundary conditions with explanations of the associated chemistry, physics, biology, and physiologyNumerical solutions of the presented model equations with a discussion of the important features of the solutionsAspects of general PDE computation through various biomedical science and engineering applicationsDifferential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering: Partial Differential Equation Applications with R is an excellent reference for researchers, scientists, clinicians, medical researchers, engineers, statisticians, epidemiologists, and pharmacokineticists who are interested in both clinical applications and interpretation of experimental data with mathematical models in order to efficiently solve the associated differential equations. The book is also useful as a textbook for graduate-level courses in mathematics, biomedical science and engineering, biology, biophysics, biochemistry, medicine, and engineering.
Differential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering
by William E. SchiesserFeatures a solid foundation of mathematical and computational tools to formulate and solve real-world ODE problems across various fieldsWith a step-by-step approach to solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs), Differential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering: Ordinary Differential Equation Applications with R successfully applies computational techniques for solving real-world ODE problems that are found in a variety of fields, including chemistry, physics, biology, and physiology. The book provides readers with the necessary knowledge to reproduce and extend the computed numerical solutions and is a valuable resource for dealing with a broad class of linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations.The author's primary focus is on models expressed as systems of ODEs, which generally result by neglecting spatial effects so that the ODE dependent variables are uniform in space. Therefore, time is the independent variable in most applications of ODE systems. As such, the book emphasizes details of the numerical algorithms and how the solutions were computed. Featuring computer-based mathematical models for solving real-world problems in the biological and biomedical sciences and engineering, the book also includes:R routines to facilitate the immediate use of computation for solving differential equation problems without having to first learn the basic concepts of numerical analysis and programming for ODEsModels as systems of ODEs with explanations of the associated chemistry, physics, biology, and physiology as well as the algebraic equations used to calculate intermediate variablesNumerical solutions of the presented model equations with a discussion of the important features of the solutionsAspects of general ODE computation through various biomolecular science and engineering applicationsDifferential Equation Analysis in Biomedical Science and Engineering: Ordinary Differential Equation Applications with R is an excellent reference for researchers, scientists, clinicians, medical researchers, engineers, statisticians, epidemiologists, and pharmacokineticists who are interested in both clinical applications and interpretation of experimental data with mathematical models in order to efficiently solve the associated differential equations. The book is also useful as a textbook for graduate-level courses in mathematics, biomedical science and engineering, biology, biophysics, biochemistry, medicine, and engineering.
Differential Equations: Practice Problems, Methods, and Solutions
by Mehdi Rahmani-AndebiliThis study guide is designed for students taking courses in differential equations. The textbook includes examples, questions, and exercises that will help engineering students to review and sharpen their knowledge of the subject and enhance their performance in the classroom. Offering detailed solutions, multiple methods for solving problems, and clear explanations of concepts, this hands-on guide will improve student’s problem-solving skills and basic and advanced understanding of the topics covered in electric circuit analysis courses.
Differential Equations: For Scientists and Engineers
by Allan Struthers Merle PotterThis book is designed to serve as a textbook for a course on ordinary differential equations, which is usually a required course in most science and engineering disciplines and follows calculus courses. The book begins with linear algebra, including a number of physical applications, and goes on to discuss first-order differential equations, linear systems of differential equations, higher order differential equations, Laplace transforms, nonlinear systems of differential equations, and numerical methods used in solving differential equations. The style of presentation of the book ensures that the student with a minimum of assistance may apply the theorems and proofs presented. Liberal use of examples and homework problems aids the student in the study of the topics presented and applying them to numerous applications in the real scientific world. This textbook focuses on the actual solution of ordinary differential equations preparing the student to solve ordinary differential equations when exposed to such equations in subsequent courses in engineering or pure science programs. The book can be used as a text in a one-semester core course on differential equations, alternatively it can also be used as a partial or supplementary text in intensive courses that cover multiple topics including differential equations.
Differential Equations and Data Analysis (Synthesis Lectures on Mathematics & Statistics)
by Aleksei BeltukovThis book is focused on modeling with linear differential equations with constant coefficients. The author starts with the elementary natural growth equation and ends with the heat equation on the real line. The emphasis is on linear algebra, Fourier theory, and specifically data analysis, which is given a very prominent role and is often the book's main driving force. All aspects of modeling with linear differential equations are illustrated by analyzing real and simulated data in MATLAB®. These modeling case studies are of particular interest to students who anticipate having to use differential equations in their fields. The book is self-contained and is appropriate as a supplement for a first course in differential equations whose prerequisites include proficiency in multivariate calculus and MATLAB literacy.
Differential Equations of My Young Years
by Vladimir Maz'YaVladimir Maz'ya (born 1937) is an outstanding mathematician who systematically made fundamental contributions to a wide array of areas in mathematical analysis and in the theory of partial differential equations. In this fascinating book he describes the first thirty years of his life. He starts with the story of his family, speaks about his childhood, high school and university years, describe his formative years as a mathematician. Behind the author's personal recollections, with his own joys, sorrows and hopes, one sees a vivid picture of the time. He speaks warmly about his friends, both outside and inside mathematics. The author describes the awakening of his passion for mathematics and his early achievements. He mentions a number of mathematicians who influenced his professional life. The book is written in a readable and inviting way sometimes with a touch of humor. It can be of interest for a very broad readership.
Differential Evolution Algorithm with Type-2 Fuzzy Logic for Dynamic Parameter Adaptation with Application to Intelligent Control (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Oscar Castillo Patricia Ochoa Jose SoriaThis book focuses on the fields of fuzzy logic, bio-inspired algorithm, especially the differential evolution algorithm and also considering the fuzzy control area. The main idea is that these two areas together can help solve various control problems and to find better results. In this book, the authors test the proposed method using five benchmark control problems. First, the water tank, temperature, mobile robot, and inverted pendulum controllers are considered. For these 4 problems, experimentation was carried out using a Type-1 fuzzy system and an Interval Type-2 system. The last control problem was the D.C. motor, for which the experiments were performed with Type-1, Interval Type-2, and Generalized Type-2 fuzzy systems. When we use fuzzy systems combined with the differential evolution algorithm, we can notice that the results obtained in each of the controllers are better and with increasing uncertainty, the results are even better. For this reason, the authors consider in this book the proposed method using fuzzy systems and the differential evolution algorithm to improve the fuzzy controllers’ behavior in complex control problems.
Differential Evolution: From Theory to Practice (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1009)
by Diego Oliva B. Vinoth Kumar P. N. SuganthanThis book addresses and disseminates state-of-the-art research and development of differential evolution (DE) and its recent advances, such as the development of adaptive, self-adaptive and hybrid techniques. Differential evolution is a population-based meta-heuristic technique for global optimization capable of handling non-differentiable, non-linear and multi-modal objective functions. Many advances have been made recently in differential evolution, from theory to applications. This book comprises contributions which include theoretical developments in DE, performance comparisons of DE, hybrid DE approaches, parallel and distributed DE for multi-objective optimization, software implementations, and real-world applications. The book is useful for researchers, practitioners, and students in disciplines such as optimization, heuristics, operations research and natural computing.
Differential Game Theory with Applications to Missiles and Autonomous Systems Guidance
by Farhan A. FaruqiDifferential Game Theory with Applications to Missiles and Autonomous Systems explains the use of differential game theory in autonomous guidance and control systems. The book begins with an introduction to the basic principles before considering optimum control and game theory. Two-party and multi-party game theory and guidance are then covered and, finally, the theory is demonstrated through simulation examples and models and the simulation results are discussed. Recent developments in the area of guidance and autonomous systems are also presented. Key features: Presents new developments and how they relate to established control systems knowledge. Demonstrates the theory through simulation examples and models. Covers two-party and multi-party game theory and guidance. Accompanied by a website hosting MATLAB® code. The book is essential reading for researchers and practitioners in the aerospace and defence industries as well as graduate students in aerospace engineering.
Differential Linear Matrix Inequalities: In Sampled-Data Systems Filtering and Control
by José C. GeromelThis book is entirely devoted to sampled-data control systems analysis and design from a new point of view, which has at its core a mathematical tool named Differential Linear Matrix Inequality - DLMI, a natural generalization of Linear Matrix Inequality - LMI, that had an important and deep impact on systems and control theory almost thirty years ago. It lasts until now. It is shown that the DLMI is well adapted to deal with the important class of sampled-data control systems in both theoretical and numerical contexts. All design conditions are expressed by convex programming problems, including when robustness against parameter uncertainty is assessed and imposed through state feedback control.Special attention is given to filter, dynamic output feedback and model predictive control design, as well as nonlinear systems of Lur’e class and Markov jump linear systems. The subject is treated with mathematical rigor, at the same time, trying to keep the reading agreeable and fruitful for colleagues and students. To this respect, the book contains together with the theoretical developments, many solved illustrative examples and the formulation of some open problems that could be faced and hopefully solved by interested readers.