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The Educator's Guide to Producing New Media and Open Educational Resources
by Tim D. Green Abbie H. BrownDigital video, audio, and text have never been more popular, and educators need to know how to make new media work in all types of learning environments. The Educator’s Guide to Producing New Media and Open Educational Resources provides practical advice on how to produce and use open access resources to support student learning. This realistic "how-to" guide is written for education professionals in any discipline seeking to transform their instruction with technology.
Edward Jenner: The Vaccination Visionary (Pocket GIANTS)
by Rob BoddiceEdward Jenner is a giant of modern medicine. Throughout history, smallpox had plagued humanity with disfigurement, blindness and death. It was an incurable blight, the suffering of which Jenner helped to end.Surmising from the immunity of milkmaids that cowpox might be some defence against the ravages of smallpox, in 1793 he took some of the matter from a human case of cowpox and inserted it into the arm of a young boy. To test this, the first human-to-human vaccination, he subsequently inoculated the boy with smallpox itself, and found him to be immune from the disease. In 1979 smallpox was declared extinct.In this concise biography, Rob Boddice tells the story of Jenner’s life, his medical vision and his profound legacy. It is a story that encompasses revolutions in medical experimentation, public health provision and the prevention of other diseases, from anthrax to measles, but above all it highlights the profound impact that Jenner’s vision has had upon humanity’s battle against disease.
Edwin Hubble: Mariner of the Nebulae
by G.E ChrisitansonEdwin Hubble: Mariner of the Nebulae is both the biography of an extraordinary human being and the story of the greatest quest in the history of astronomy since the Copernican revolution. The book is a revealing portrait of scientific genius, an incisive engaging history of ideas, and a shimmering evocation of what we see when gazing at the stars.Born in 1889 and reared in the village of Marshfield, Missouri, Edwin Powell Hubble-star athlete, Rhodes Scholar, military officer, and astronomer- became one of the towering figures in twentieth-century science. Hubble worked with the great 100-inch Hooker telescope at California's Mount Wilson Observatory and made a series of discoveries that revolutionized humanity's vision of the cosmos. In 1923 he was able to confirm the existence of other nebulae (now known to be galaxies) beyond our own Milky Way. By the end of the decade, Hubble had proven that the universe is expanding, thus laying the very cornerstone of the big bang theory of creation. It was Hubble who developed the elegant scheme by which the galaxies are classified as ellipticals and spirals, and it was Hubble who first provided reliable evidence that the universe is homogeneous, the same in all directions as far as the telescope can see.An incurable Anglophile with a penchant for tweed jackets and English briars, Hubble, together with his brilliant and witty wife, Grace Burke, became a fixture in Hollywood society in the 1930s and 40s. They counted among their friends Charlie Chaplin, the Marx brothers, Anita Loos, Aldous and Maria Huxley, Walt Disney, Helen Hayes, and William Randolph Hearst. Albert Einstein, a frequent visitor to Southern California, called Hubble's work "beautiful" and modified his equations on relativity to account for the discovery that the cosmos is expanding.
EEG/MEG Source Reconstruction: Textbook for Electro-and Magnetoencephalography
by Thomas R. Knösche Jens HaueisenThis textbook provides a comprehensive and didactic introduction from the basics to the current state of the art in the field of EEG/MEG source reconstruction. Reconstructing the generators or sources of electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic (EEG/MEG) signals is an important problem in basic neuroscience as well as clinical research and practice. Over the past few decades, an entire theory, together with a whole collection of algorithms and techniques, has developed. In this textbook, the authors provide a unified perspective on a broad range of EEG/MEG source reconstruction methods, with particular emphasis on their respective assumptions about sources, data, head tissues, and sensor properties. An introductory chapter highlights the concept of brain imaging and the particular importance of the neuroelectromagnetic inverse problem. This is followed by an in-depth discussion of neural information processing and brain signal generation and an introduction to the practice of data acquisition. Next, the relevant mathematical models for the sources of EEG and MEG are discussed in detail, followed by the neuroelectromagnetic forward problem, that is, the prediction of EEG or MEG signals from those source models, using biophysical descriptions of the head tissues and the sensors. The main part of this textbook is dedicated to the source reconstruction methods. The authors present a theoretical framework of the neuroelectromagnetic inverse problem, centered on Bayes’ theorem, which then serves as the basis for a detailed description of a large variety of techniques, including dipole fit methods, distributed source reconstruction, spatial filters, and dynamic source reconstruction methods. The final two chapters address the important topic of assessment, including verification and validation of source reconstruction methods, and their actual application to real-world scientific and clinical questions.This book is intended as basic reading for anybody who is engaged with EEG/MEG source reconstruction, be it as a method developer or as a user, including advanced undergraduate students, PhD students, and postdocs in neuroscience, biomedical engineering, and related fields.
EEG Signal Processing and Feature Extraction
by Li Hu Zhiguo ZhangThis book presents the conceptual and mathematical basis and the implementation of both electroencephalogram (EEG) and EEG signal processing in a comprehensive, simple, and easy-to-understand manner. EEG records the electrical activity generated by the firing of neurons within human brain at the scalp. They are widely used in clinical neuroscience, psychology, and neural engineering, and a series of EEG signal-processing techniques have been developed. Intended for cognitive neuroscientists, psychologists and other interested readers, the book discusses a range of current mainstream EEG signal-processing and feature-extraction techniques in depth, and includes chapters on the principles and implementation strategies.
EEG Signal Processing and Machine Learning
by Saeid Sanei Jonathon A. ChambersExplore cutting edge techniques at the forefront of electroencephalogram research and artificial intelligence from leading voices in the field The newly revised Second Edition of EEG Signal Processing and Machine Learning delivers an inclusive and thorough exploration of new techniques and outcomes in electroencephalogram (EEG) research in the areas of analysis, processing, and decision making about a variety of brain states, abnormalities, and disorders using advanced signal processing and machine learning techniques. The book content is substantially increased upon that of the first edition and, while it retains what made the first edition so popular, is composed of more than 50% new material. The distinguished authors have included new material on tensors for EEG analysis and sensor fusion, as well as new chapters on mental fatigue, sleep, seizure, neurodevelopmental diseases, BCI, and psychiatric abnormalities. In addition to including a comprehensive chapter on machine learning, machine learning applications have been added to almost all the chapters. Moreover, multimodal brain screening, such as EEG-fMRI, and brain connectivity have been included as two new chapters in this new edition. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to EEGs, including neural activities, action potentials, EEG generation, brain rhythms, and EEG recording and measurement An exploration of brain waves, including their generation, recording, and instrumentation, including abnormal EEG patterns and the effects of ageing and mental disorders A treatment of mathematical models for normal and abnormal EEGs Discussions of the fundamentals of EEG signal processing, including statistical properties, linear and nonlinear systems, frequency domain approaches, tensor factorization, diffusion adaptive filtering, deep neural networks, and complex-valued signal processing Perfect for biomedical engineers, neuroscientists, neurophysiologists, psychiatrists, engineers, and students and researchers in the above areas, the Second Edition of EEG Signal Processing and Machine Learning will also earn a place in the libraries of undergraduate and postgraduate Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience, including Epileptology, students.
The Effect of Coronavirus Disease (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #334)
by Muhammad Turki Alshurideh Aboul Ella Hassanien Ra’ed Masa’dehThis book includes recent research works on how business around the world affected by the time of COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of recent technological developments has had a tremendous impact on how we manage disasters. These developments have changed how countries and governments collect information. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced online service companies to maintain and build relationships with consumers when their world turns. Businesses are now facing tension between generating sales during a period of severe economic hardship and respect for threats to life and livelihoods that have changed consumer preferences.
The effect of harvesting and flooding on nutrient cycling and retention in Cyperus papyrus wetlands (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Edwin M.A. HesAfrican papyrus (Cyperus papyrus L.) wetlands provide water, food and materials to millions of people, and perform important landscape functions such as water and nutrient storage, habitat provision for fish, birds and other wildlife. They are also an integral part of the culture of African wetland communities. With an increasing demand for food, papyrus wetlands are at risk of conversion to agriculture and losing these ecosystem services. Combining increased agricultural production with wetland conservation is urgently needed. The research presented in this book consisted of two parts. First, field experiments investigated nitrogen and phosphorus retention, showing that papyrus grows faster with disturbance from human activities or flooding, but produces less biomass and stores less nutrients. Then, a dynamic simulation model (Papyrus Simulator) based on the hydrological and ecological wetland processes showed that assimilation, mortality, decay, re-translocation, nutrient inflow and soil porosity were the most influential factors. The model demonstrated that controlled harvesting can increase nutrient retention by up to 40%, but overharvesting leads to the release of nutrients. These findings can help determining optimum harvesting strategies for constructed and natural wetlands, and contribute to the quantification of ecosystem services and an evidence-based adaptive management approach for African wetland landscapes.
The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components
by Manfred P. PulsBy drawing together the current theoretical and experimental understanding of the phenomena of delayed hydride cracking (DHC) in zirconium alloys, The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components: Delayed Hydride Cracking provides a detailed explanation focusing on the properties of hydrogen and hydrides in these alloys. Whilst the emphasis lies on zirconium alloys, the combination of both the empirical and mechanistic approaches creates a solid understanding that can also be applied to other hydride forming metals. This up-to-date reference focuses on documented research surrounding DHC, including current methodologies for design and assessment of the results of periodic in-service inspections of pressure tubes in nuclear reactors. Emphasis is placed on showing how our understanding of DHC is supported by progress in general understanding of such broad fields as the study of hysteresis associated with first order phase transformations, phase relationships in coherent crystalline metallic solids, the physics of point and line defects, diffusion of substitutional and interstitial atoms in crystalline solids, and continuum fracture and solid mechanics. Furthermore, an account of current methodologies is given illustrating how such understanding of hydrogen, hydrides and DHC in zirconium alloys underpins these methodologies for assessments of real life cases in the Canadian nuclear industry. The all-encompassing approach makes The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Component: Delayed Hydride Cracking an ideal reference source for students, researchers and industry professionals alike.
The Effect of Information Technology on Business and Marketing Intelligence Systems (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1056)
by Muhammad Alshurideh Barween Hikmat Al Kurdi Ra’ed Masa’deh Haitham M. Alzoubi Said SalloumBusiness shapes have been changed these days. Change is the main dominant fact that change the way of business operations running. Topics such as innovation, entrepreneurship, leadership, blockchain, mobile business, social media, e-learning, machine learning, and artificial intelligence become essential to be considered by each institution within the technology era. This book tries to give additional views on how technologies influence business and marketing operations for insuring successful institutions survival.The world needs to develop management and intelligent business scenario plans that suite a variety of crisis appears these days. Also, business and marketing intelligence should meet government priorities in individual countries and minimise the risk of business disruptions. Business intelligence - the strategies and technology companies that use it to collect, interpret, and benefit from data - play a key role in informing company strategies, functions, and efficiency. However, being essential to the success, many companies are not taking advantage of tools that can improve their business intelligence efforts. Information technology become a core stone in business. For example, the combination of machine learning and business intelligence can have a far-reaching impact on the insights the company gets from its available data to improve productivity, quality, customer service and more. This book is important because it introduces a large number of chapters that discussed the implications of different Information technology applications in business. This book contains a set of volumes which are: 1- Social Marketing and Social Media Applications, 2- Social Marketing and Social Media Applications, 3- Business and Data Analytics, 4- Corporate governance and performance, 5- Innovation, Entrepreneurship and leadership, 6- Knowledge management, 7- Machine learning, IOT, BIG DATA, Block Chain and AI, 8- Marketing Mix, Services and Branding.
Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys
by Piotr BudzyńskiThis book describes the interaction between ions and metallic targets as well as energy loss processes during ion implantation and irradiation. Ion bombardments of targets cause changes in surface layer chemical composition, radiation defect formation, sputtering, blistering, swelling and ion mixing. These effects modify surface topography, crystalline structure, electrical and tribological properties of metals and alloys. The book presents research on the effects of the implantation and irradiation on the friction and wear of modified materials, as well as practical applications of ion implantation and irradiation. It offers a review of current problems related to the modification of materials via irradiation. In addition, computer programs for modeling the depth of ions and vacancies in a sample are presented, and potential causes of disagreement between modeling and experimental results are described. Finally, the book provides evidence of the long-range effect.Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Properties of Metals and Alloys is aimed at academics investigating the properties of metals and alloys after irradiation and/or implantation as well as for students of engineering and physical and chemical sciences. The book is also useful for those looking for up-to-date information on these methods and ways of solving related problems, and for designers of equipment used in places exposed to high ion irradiation or to cosmic space.
The Effect of Layer Orientation on the Fatigue Behavior of 3D Printed PLA Samples (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Fawaz Aladwani Xiaodong Sun Omar Es-Said Rafiq Noorani Mahsa Ebrahim William Melmed Brian Avchen Spencer Trumpp Nicholas Lee Debbie AliyaThis book presents fused deposition modeling (FDM) which is an additive manufacturing (AM) process to fabricate 3D parts from a build-up of 2D layers. The chapters present an experimental analysis of fatigue characteristics of FDM-processed PLA samples. The results indicate that the concentric build orientation provides highest cycles of fatigue, ultimate strength, and impact energy. The effect of layer orientation on the fatigue behavior of 3D-printed PLA samples is investigated in this case study.
Effect of Milk Fat Globule Size on the Physical Functionality of Dairy Products
by Bhesh Bhandari Nidhi Bansal Martin Palmer Tuyen TruongEffect of Milk Fat Globule Size on the Physical Functionality of Dairy Products provides a comprehensive overview of techniques utilized to vary milk fat globule size in fat-structured dairy products. The text aims to highlight the importance of both native and emulsified milk fat globule size in the processing and functionality of these products. Both herd managements strategies and fractionation techniques utilized to vary milk fat globule size are covered thoroughly, as are the effects of mechanical sheer processing. The influence of different size fat globules on aspects such as TAG composition, physical stability, viscosity, crystallization properties and electric conductivity are studied, as are the influences on processability and function. This Brief aims to highlight the importance of milk fat as a determinant of the microstructural, rheological and sensorial properties of fat-containing dairy products such as milk, cream, yogurt, ice cream, cheese, butter and milk chocolate. Since milk fat globules have a widely varied size distribution, controlling their size is of major importance in processing. In comprehensively covering the various methods used to vary milk fat globule size, this text serves as an important resource for those involved in dairy product processing.
Effect of Sulphide on Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal: The Wolfram Language in the Real World (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Francisco Rubio-RincónThe enhanced biological removal of phosphorus (EBPR) is a popular process due to high removal efficiency, low operational costs, and the possibility of phosphorus recovery. Nevertheless, the stability of the EBPR depends on different factors such as: temperature, pH, and the presence of toxic compounds. While extensive studies have researched the effects of temperature and pH on EBPR systems, little is known about the effects of different toxic compounds on EBPR. For example, sulphide has shown to inhibit different microbial activities in the WWTP, but the knowledge about its effects on EBPR is limited. Whereas the sulphide generated in the sewage can cause a shock effect on EBPR, the continuously exposure to sulphide potentially generated in WWTP can cause the acclimatization and adaptation of the biomass. This research suggests that sulphate reducing bacteria can proliferate in WWTP, as they are reversibly inhibited by the recirculation of sludge through anaerobic-anoxic-oxic conditions. The research enhances the understanding of the effect of sulphide on the anaerobic-oxic metabolism of PAO. It suggests that the filamentous bacteria Thiothrix caldifontis could play an important role in the biological removal of phosphorus. It questions the ability of PAO to generate energy from nitrate respiration and its use for the anoxic phosphorus uptake. Thus, the results obtained in this research can be used to understand the stability of the EBPR process under anaerobic-anoxic-oxic conditions, especially when exposed to the presence of sulphide.
The Effect of Surface Wettability on the Defrost Process (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Yang Liu Francis A. KulackiThis SpringerBrief presents a recent advancement in modeling and measurement of the effect of surface wettability on the defrost process. Carefully controlled laboratory measurements of the defrosting of cooled surfaces are used to reveal the effect of surface wetting properties on the extent and speed of frost removal by melting or slumping. The experiments are accompanied by visualization of frost removal at several defrosting conditions. Analysis breaks the defrost process into three stages according to the behavior of the meltwater. Surface wetting factors are included, and become significant when sufficient meltwater accumulates between the saturated frost layer and the surface. The book is aimed at researchers, practicing engineers and graduate students.
The Effect of Uncertainty on Tidal Stream Energy Resource Estimates (Springer Theses)
by Monika Johanna KreitmairThis thesis is focused on river and tidal stream power assessment, focussing particularly on uncertainties in power estimates resulting from inaccurate characterisation of bed roughness and turbine drag. It presents analytical and numerical models for the transfer of these uncertainties through to turbine power uncertainty in a strait, exploring how this affects metrics such as mean power and its standard deviation. Perturbation methods are used to determine the leading-order effects of friction and drag uncertainty in tidal stream power assessment.The methods for uncertainty transfer presented in this thesis could readily be applied to numerous other problems encountered in hydraulic engineering, such as flow routing, urban flood risk, and reservoir sedimentation. It will therefore be of interest to researchers, engineers, and students in these fields.
Effecting a Quality Change: An Engineering Approach
by S W Field K G SwiftProviding an understanding of what is meant by quality and its unique position in a manufacturing environment to improve competitive business performance, this text defines all the fundamental ingredients required to introduce an improvement in quality. Concise and easy to read, the theory is backed up by numerous industrial experiences, illustrating the practical obstacles when implementing any quality change. Focusing on the essentials of quality (strategies, principles and techniques) designing for quality is also discussed and new techniques for assessing the risks and costs of non-conformance are introduced. The result is an insight to quality engineering that will prove invaluable to engineering students and professionals.
Effective Construction Project Delivery: Improving Communication Performance in Non-Traditional Procurement Systems
by Titus Ebenezer Kwofie Clinton Aigbavboa Wellington ThwalaThis book focuses on the development of communication skills in the context of non-traditional procurement and construction projects. It helps readers to understand the fundamentals of non-traditional procurement, and highlights the inherent communication challenges that arise, as well as how to solve them.The book is divided into four parts, the first of which provides an introduction to communication, discussing the theoretical concepts and contextual nature of communication as well as its benefits. The second part goes into more depth, discussing communication in the context of construction project delivery and non-traditional procurement systems, what these two terms actually mean, and what effective communication looks like in these contexts. Part III offers solutions to the inherent challenges of communication, including the use of information and communications technology, while the book’s fourth and final part explores the future of construction communication. Given the scope of its content, the book represents a valuable asset for researchers, professionals and students in the areas of procurement management and construction management.
Effective Environmental Emergency Responses: A Holistic Response
by Paul A. EricksonThis book focuses on the variety of subsequent consequences that may follow the conclusion of the immediate emergency response effort, consequences that require multi-disciplinary efforts and most likely may require a revamping of the historical interplay of national and other political authorities. The book is essentially a critique of contemporary emergency response which, in both the public perception and, unfortunately, in the mind-set of many practicing professionals emphasizes an emergency as a singular event. It is a mistaken view: an emergency is actually a sequence of multiple, singular events that unfold over time, sometimes measured in days and weeks and, most often, in months, years and decades. This book focuses on the need, in the current and recent past generation to revamp our thinking about planning for and responding comprehensively to those periodic disruptions to daily routine we call "emergencies".
Effective FMEAs
by Carl CarlsonOutlines the correct procedures for doing FMEAs and how to successfully apply them in design, development, manufacturing, and service applicationsThere are a myriad of quality and reliability tools available to corporations worldwide, but the one that shows up consistently in company after company is Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Effective FMEAs takes the best practices from hundreds of companies and thousands of FMEA applications and presents streamlined procedures for veteran FMEA practitioners, novices, and everyone in between.Written from an applications viewpoint--with many examples, detailed case studies, study problems, and tips included--the book covers the most common types of FMEAs, including System FMEAs, Design FMEAs, Process FMEAs, Maintenance FMEAs, Software FMEAs, and others. It also presents chapters on Fault Tree Analysis, Design Review Based on Failure Mode (DRBFM), Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), Hazard Analysis, and FMECA (which adds criticality analysis to FMEA).With extensive study problems and a companion Solutions Manual, this book is an ideal resource for academic curricula, as well as for applications in industry. In addition, Effective FMEAs covers:The basics of FMEAs and risk assessmentHow to apply key factors for effective FMEAs and prevent the most common errorsWhat is needed to provide excellent FMEA facilitationImplementing a "best practice" FMEA processEveryone wants to support the accomplishment of safe and trouble-free products and processes while generating happy and loyal customers. This book will show readers how to use FMEA to anticipate and prevent problems, reduce costs, shorten product development times, and achieve safe and highly reliable products and processes.
Effective Front-End Strategies to Reduce Waste on Construction Projects
by Peter G. Rundle Alireza Bahadori Ken DoustThis volume outlines a progressively staged process focused on fostering a more effective, more efficient, and greener global construction industry. The research-based book commences with an evaluation of eight methodologies identified after a worldwide literature and compliance review. It is followed by a more detailed report on four of these options, with the ultimate objective of independent selection within the construction engineering community of a single most appropriate methodology as the approach for further, more-detailed investigation. The eight methodologies were selected against six key performance indicators developed as assessment criteria and include knowledge management, lean construction, construction contract procurement practices, optimal work duration on site, construction site waste, rationalization of construction safety regulations, sustainable construction labor force, and portfolio project development. A primary outcome of the selected methodology being a triple bottom-line benefit to key stakeholders, commercially and also to the ecology, along with the community at large. Front-end construction waste strategies to serve as best practices to minimize waste generated by construction projects was the methodology selected for detailed research. The text also covers the primary sources of construction waste. The book is ideal for civil and construction engineers as well as project developers; managers and public sector waste management specialists.
Effective Interpersonal and Team Communication Skills for Engineers
by Leslie E. Whitcomb Clifford WhitcombPresents key principles of communication that support clear exchanges in a technical context and help engineers learn effective communication skills Effective communication is a necessity for engineers. Even minor on-the-job misunderstandings can cost time, money, or worse. Yet even though recent studies show that improved communication makes for better engineers, the ability to speak clearly and listen carefully have historically been considered "soft skills" and are not typically or explicitly addressed in engineering programs. Working from basic units called microskills, Effective Interpersonal and Team Communication Skills for Engineers shows readers, one step at a time, how to engage, listen, manage conflict, and influence others with highly constructive, repeatable communication exchanges. This career-enhancing handbook: Presents communication skills for both technical issues and social situations in an engineering context Breaks skills down to elemental usage forms as microskills Includes plenty of practice exercises, case studies, and self-assessment tools Helps develop higher-level skills for more complex situations, such as dealing with confrontation and conflict negotiation Features a direct, user-friendly, practice-oriented format Effective Interpersonal and Team Communication Skills for Engineers is a must-have guide for professionals and an important supplement for engineering programs at all levels.
Effective Management of Benchmarking Projects
by Mohamed ZairiEffective Management of Benchmarking Projects shows you how to apply benchmarking to a variety of projects. Effective Management of Benchmarking Projects equips the project team or manager with all the necessary competence for managing projects effectively. This practical book begins with definitions of 'what to benchmark' and ends with a stimulating real case study where a benchmarking project was conducted by observing all the necessary rules and with total adherence to the various protocols.This book deals with the application of benchmarking. It gives real examples of effective applications from such companies as: Rank Xerox, D2D, American Express, Rover, Texas Instruments.
Effective Methods for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling (Engineering Applications of Computational Methods #2)
by Xinyu Li Liang GaoThis book summarizes a series of research work on integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) done by the authors, focusing on discussing the properties, novel solution methods and applications of process planning, scheduling and IPPS problems under different machining environments. It is a valuable reference resource for teachers, students and researchers working in the fields of engineering, management science and other related disciplines.
Effective Methods for Software and Systems Integration
by Boyd L. SummersBefore software engineering builds and installations can be implemented into software and/or systems integrations in military and aerospace programs, a comprehensive understanding of the software development life cycle is required. Covering all the development life cycle disciplines, Effective Methods for Software and Systems Integration explains h