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Discovery Science: 23rd International Conference, DS 2020, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 19–21, 2020, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12323)
by Yannis Manolopoulos Annalisa Appice Stan Matwin Grigorios TsoumakasThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2020, which took place during October 19-21, 2020. The conference was planned to take place in Thessaloniki, Greece, but had to change to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 26 full and 19 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. The contributions were organized in topical sections named: classification; clustering; data and knowledge representation; data streams; distributed processing; ensembles; explainable and interpretable machine learning; graph and network mining; multi-target models; neural networks and deep learning; and spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal data.
Discovery Science: 24th International Conference, DS 2021, Halifax, NS, Canada, October 11–13, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12986)
by Carlos Soares Luis TorgoThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2021, which took place virtually during October 11-13, 2021.The 36 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. The contributions were organized in topical sections named: applications; classification; data streams; graph and network mining; machine learning for COVID-19; neural networks and deep learning; preferences and recommender systems; representation learning and feature selection; responsible artificial intelligence; and spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal data.
Discovery Science: 25th International Conference, DS 2022, Montpellier, France, October 10–12, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13601)
by Poncelet Pascal Dino IencoThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2022, which took place virtually during October 10-12, 2022. The 27 full papers and 12 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions.
Discovery Science: 26th International Conference, DS 2023, Porto, Portugal, October 9–11, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14276)
by João Gama Albert Bifet Rita P. Ribeiro Ana Carolina Lorena Pedro H. AbreuThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2023, which took place in Porto, Portugal, in October 2023. The 37 full papers and 10 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 133 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Machine learning methods and applications; natural language processing and social media analysis; interpretability and explainability in AI; data analysis and optimization; fairness, privacy and security in AI; control and spatio-temporal modeling; graph theory and network analysis; time series and forecasting; healthcare and biological data analysis; anomaly, outlier and novelty detection.
Discovery Science: 27th International Conference, DS 2024, Pisa, Italy, October 14–16, 2024, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15243)
by Dino Pedreschi Riccardo Guidotti Anna Monreale Roberto Pellungrini Francesca NarettoThe two-volume set LNAI 15243 + 15244 constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2024, which took place in Pisa, Italy, during October 14-16, 2024. The 53 full papers presented in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 121 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: LLM, Text Analytics, and Ethical Aspects of AI; Natural Language Processing, Sequential Data and Science Discovery; Data-Driven Science Discovery Methodologies; Graph Neural Network, Graph Theory, Unsupervised Learning and Regression; Part II: Tree-Based Models and Causal Discovery; Security and Anomaly Detection; Computer Vision and Explainable AI; Classification Models; SoBigData++: City for Citizens and Explainable AI; SoBigData++: Societal Debates and Misinformation Analysis.
Discovery Science: 27th International Conference, DS 2024, Pisa, Italy, October 14–16, 2024, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15244)
by Dino Pedreschi Riccardo Guidotti Anna Monreale Roberto Pellungrini Francesca NarettoThe two-volume set LNAI 15243 + 15244 constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2024, which took place in Pisa, Italy, during October 14-16, 2024. The 53 full papers presented in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 121 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: LLM, Text Analytics, and Ethical Aspects of AI; Natural Language Processing, Sequential Data and Science Discovery; Data-Driven Science Discovery Methodologies; Graph Neural Network, Graph Theory, Unsupervised Learning and Regression; Part II: Tree-Based Models and Causal Discovery; Security and Anomaly Detection; Computer Vision and Explainable AI; Classification Models; SoBigData++: City for Citizens and Explainable AI; SoBigData++: Societal Debates and Misinformation Analysis.
Discovery of Ba7Nb4MoO20-Based Materials and the Mechanism of Ultrafast Ion Conduction Via Dimers (Springer Theses)
by Yuichi SakudaThis book provides detailed descriptions of strategies for improving ion conductivity and the factors that result in high ion conductivity. In this book, discovery of novel materials that exhibit higher ion conductivity than practical materials is introduced to clarify the migration mechanism of oxide ions and protons. The book shows that the bulk conductivity of hexagonal perovskite-related oxide Ba7Nb3.8Mo1.2O20.1 in dry air is 1.1 mS/cm at 306 °C, which is 175 times higher than that of practical materials (ZrO2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08 (8YSZ). Also, as a new approach to the subject, by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and neutron-diffraction experiments, the mechanism is shown that the oxide ions migrate by the breaking and reforming of M2O9 (M = Nb, Mo) dimers, MO5 monomers and MO4 tetrahedra. The oxide-ion migration is reminiscent of a concerted push-pull interstitialcy ‘bucket-relay’-type motions. Readers can understand the oxide-ion and proton migration mechanism in terms of crystal structure. Recently, materials that exhibit high ionic conductivity have been discovered one after another.
Discovery of Co-existing Non-collinear Spin Textures in D2d Heusler Compounds (Springer Theses)
by Jagannath JenaNon-collinear spin textures have attracted significant attention due to their topological nature, emergent electromagnetic properties, and potential spintronic and magnonic device applications. This book explores the physical properties of distinct spin textures in D2d compounds. The main goals of the work are (a) discovering new spin textures in D2d Heusler compounds and studying their detailed properties to enrich the field of non-collinear magnetism (b) optimizing the nano-track geometry and generating isolated and single chains of nano-objects that will establish new hallmarks for technological applications (c) studying the stability of spin textures with magnetic fields and temperatures and finding a way to observe the striking behavior of spin textures near the specimen edges. The first few chapters provide a brief overview of spin textures such as Bloch and Néel skyrmions. In the experimental methods section, the author shows how to identify the single-crystalline grains of a polycrystalline sample, how to make single-crystalline thin specimens and nano-tracks, and then provides explicit descriptions of different imaging techniques performed on a transmission electron microscope. This part will be valuable for beginners wishing to conduct research in experimental nano-magnetism and transmission electron microscope imaging. The core results of the book are presented in four chapters, describing the discovery of several new and unanticipated spin textures, namely square-shaped antiskyrmions, elliptical Bloch skyrmions, fractional antiskyrmions, fractional Bloch skyrmions and elongated (anti)skyrmions in a single D2d Heusler compound. It is shown that these textures can be understood by a combination of dipole-dipole interactions and a chiral vector exchange that makes it possible to stabilize various spin textures even in the same compound. The D2d compounds are the first non-centrosymmetric systems shown to host several co-existing non-collinear spin textures.
Discrete Choice Modelling and Air Travel Demand: Theory and Applications
by Laurie A. GarrowIn recent years, airline practitioners and academics have started to explore new ways to model airline passenger demand using discrete choice methods. This book provides an introduction to discrete choice models and uses extensive examples to illustrate how these models have been used in the airline industry. These examples span network planning, revenue management, and pricing applications. Numerous examples of fundamental logit modeling concepts are covered in the text, including probability calculations, value of time calculations, elasticity calculations, nested and non-nested likelihood ratio tests, etc. The core chapters of the book are written at a level appropriate for airline practitioners and graduate students with operations research or travel demand modeling backgrounds. Given the majority of discrete choice modeling advancements in transportation evolved from urban travel demand studies, the introduction first orients readers from different backgrounds by highlighting major distinctions between aviation and urban travel demand studies. This is followed by an in-depth treatment of two of the most common discrete choice models, namely the multinomial and nested logit models. More advanced discrete choice models are covered, including mixed logit models and generalized extreme value models that belong to the generalized nested logit class and/or the network generalized extreme value class. An emphasis is placed on highlighting open research questions associated with these models that will be of particular interest to operations research students. Practical modeling issues related to data and estimation software are also addressed, and an extensive modeling exercise focused on the interpretation and application of statistical tests used to guide the selection of a preferred model specification is included; the modeling exercise uses itinerary choice data from a major airline. The text concludes with a discussion of on-going customer modeling research in aviation. Discrete Choice Modelling and Air Travel Demand is enriched by a comprehensive set of technical appendices that will be of particular interest to advanced students of discrete choice modeling theory. The appendices also include detailed proofs of the multinomial and nested logit models and derivations of measures used to represent competition among alternatives, namely correlation, direct-elasticities, and cross-elasticities.
Discrete Computational Mechanics of Masonry Structures (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #609)
by Maurizio Angelillo Katalin BagiThis book provides an overview to those most important modern and traditional methods of masonry analysis that are able to capture the discrete internal built-up of masonry structures. Such methods are available in a wide variety today – from computational packages based on classical graphical statics techniques through discrete element methods or the most sophisticated no-tension semi-continuum models – , and this book reviews their theoretical foundations, as well as their advantages and preferable fields of application, also calling the attention on their limitations so that the reader could build up a critical view of the choices they have when attacking a masonry mechanics problem. The book gives a basis for the readers to become able to develop their own methods, inspired either by classical graphical statics, or by any modern technique they find promising.
Discrete Control Systems
by Yoshifumi OkuyamaDiscrete Control Systems establishes a basis for the analysis and design of discretized/quantized control systems for continuous physical systems. Beginning with the necessary mathematical foundations and system-model descriptions, the text moves on to derive a robust stability condition. To keep a practical perspective on the uncertain physical systems considered, most of the methods treated are carried out in the frequency domain. As part of the design procedure, modified Nyquist-Hall and Nichols diagrams are presented and discretized proportional-integral-derivative control schemes are reconsidered. Schemes for model-reference feedback and discrete-type observers are proposed. Although single-loop feedback systems form the core of the text, some consideration is given to multiple loops and nonlinearities. The robust control performance and stability of interval systems (with multiple uncertainties) are outlined. Finally, the monograph describes the relationship between feedback-control and discrete event systems. The nonlinear phenomena associated with practically important event-driven systems are elucidated. The dynamics and stability of finite-state and discrete-event systems are defined. Academic researchers interested in the uses of discrete modelling and control of continuous systems will find Discrete Control Systems instructive. The inclusion of end-of-chapter problems also makes the book suitable for use in self study either by professional control engineers or graduate students supplementing a more formal regimen of learning.
Discrete Cosine Transform, Second Edition
by Humberto Ochoa-Dominguez K. R. RaoMany new DCT-like transforms have been proposed since the first edition of this book. For example, the integer DCT that yields integer transform coefficients, the directional DCT to take advantage of several directions of the image and the steerable DCT. The advent of higher dimensional frames such as UHDTV and 4K-TV demand for small and large transform blocks to encode small or large similar areas respectively in an efficient way. Therefore, a new updated book on DCT, adapted to the modern days, considering the new advances in this area and targeted for students, researchers and the industry is a necessity.
Discrete Cuckoo Search for Combinatorial Optimization (Springer Tracts in Nature-Inspired Computing)
by Aziz OuaarabThis book provides a literature review of techniques used to pass from continuous to combinatorial space, before discussing a detailed example with individual steps of how cuckoo search (CS) can be adapted to solve combinatorial optimization problems. It demonstrates the application of CS to three different problems and describes their source code. The content is divided into five chapters, the first of which provides a technical description, together with examples of combinatorial search spaces. The second chapter summarizes a diverse range of methods used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. In turn, the third chapter presents a description of CS, its formulation and characteristics. In the fourth chapter, the application of discrete cuckoo search (DCS) to solve three POCs (the traveling salesman problem, quadratic assignment problem and job shop scheduling problem) is explained, focusing mainly on a reinterpretation of the terminology used in CS and its source of inspiration. In closing, the fifth chapter discusses random-key cuckoo search (RKCS) using random keys to represent positions found by cuckoo search in the TSP and QAP solution space.
Discrete Dynamics: Basic Theory and Examples (Mathematical Engineering)
by Andrea BacciottiThis book offers a complete and detailed introduction to the theory of discrete dynamical systems, with special attention to stability of fixed points and periodic orbits. It provides a solid mathematical background and the essential basic knowledge for further developments such as, for instance, deterministic chaos theory, for which many other references are available (but sometimes, without an exhaustive presentation of preliminary notions). Readers will find a discussion of topics sometimes neglected in the research literature, such as a comparison between different predictions achievable by the discrete time model and the continuous time model of the same application. Another novel aspect of this book is an accurate analysis of the way a fixed point may lose stability, introducing and comparing several notions of instability: simple instability, repulsivity, and complete instability. To help the reader and to show the flexibility and potentiality of the discrete approach to dynamics, many examples, numerical simulations, and figures have been included. The book is used as a reference material for courses at a doctoral or upper undergraduate level in mathematics and theoretical engineering.
Discrete Element Method for Multiphase Flows with Biogenic Particles: Agriculture Applications
by Ling Zhou Ramesh K. Agarwal Weidong Shi Mahmoud A. ElemamThis book presents the advanced theory and application of the combined Computational Fluid Dynamics – Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) to multiphase flow simulations of the gas and bio-particulate matter of non-uniformly shaped biomass. It explores how DEM can simulate the complex behaviour of biomass particles, such as their packing in the multiphase flows that occurs in the agricultural product processing industries. It offers an overview of aerodynamic systems, such as cyclone separators, used in the agricultural processing industry. A detailed description of DEM modeling, including the particle-particle, particle-boundary, and particle-fluid interactions in the context of biomass particles of varying sizes and shapes, is provided. Coverage includes the critical application of CFD-DEM simulation technology in designing and optimizing grain handling and processing equipment and the application of extended DEM to other granular flows of complex particles like sand, powders, and dust from mines where clumping and agglomeration occur. The application of DEM in modeling and simulation of complex multiphase systems can help improve productivity, reduce costs, and increase efficiency in the agricultural industry.
Discrete Element Method in the Design of Transport Systems: Verification and Validation of 3D Models
by Daniel Gelnar Jiri ZegzulkaThis book deals with the design and optimization of the bucket elevator using the discrete element method (DEM). It describes the underlying scientific basis for the design of transport equipment using computer simulations and is focused on issues relevant to the industrial sector, mechanical engineering; and the transport, treatment, measurement, and storage of bulk materials. It presents solutions for mitigating bulk material supply chain interruptions due to process malfunctions and failures, utilizing research on monitoring and evaluating of the dynamic processes of particulate matter.The aim of the book is to help readers new to the field with the design of innovative devices. Imparting practical information aimed at saving time and money in project design, the book is ideal for engineers, designers, and researchers concerned with all aspects of bulk materials.Introduces and explains fully the Discrete Element Method using measured values as inputs for the method;Shows whether calculated simulations and real measured values models can be used for design;Illustrates how to validate, calibrate, and optimize the dynamic processes of bulk elevators;Explains how to test transport and storage equipment before it is produced using dynamic simulation of material flow on transport lines, saving time and money.
Discrete Element Method to Model 3D Continuous Materials
by Inigo Terreros Mohamed Jebahi Ivan Iordanoff Damien AndreComplex behavior models (plasticity, cracks, visco elascticity) face some theoretical difficulties for the determination of the behavior law at the continuous scale. When homogenization fails to give the right behavior law, a solution is to simulate the material at a meso scale in order to simulate directly a set of discrete properties that are responsible of the macroscopic behavior. The discrete element model has been developed for granular material. The proposed set shows how this method is capable to solve the problem of complex behavior that are linked to discrete meso scale effects.
Discrete Event Simulation: A Practical Approach (Computer Science & Engineering)
by Udo W. Pooch James A. WallDiscrete Event Simulation is a process-oriented text/reference that utilizes an eleven-step model to represent the simulation process from problem formulation to implementation and documentation. The book presents the necessary level of detail required to fully develop a model that produces meaningful results and considers the tools necessary to interpret those results. Sufficient background information is provided so that the underlying concepts of simulation are understood.Major topics covered in Discrete Event Simulation include probability and distributional theory, statistical estimation and inference, the generation of random variates, verification and validation techniques, time management methods, experimental design, and programming language considerations. The book also examines distributed simulation and issues related to distributing the physical process over a network of tightly coupled processors. Topics covered in this area include deadlock, synchronization, rollback, event management, and communication processes.Fully worked examples and numerous practical exercises have been drawn from the engineering disciplines and computer science, although they have been structured so that they will be useful as well to other disciplines such as economics, business administration, and management science. The presentation of techniques and methods in Discrete Event Simulation make it an ideal text/reference for all practitioners of discrete event simulation.
Discrete Event Systems
by Moamar Sayed-MouchawehDiscrete Event Systems: Diagnosis and Diagnosability addresses the problem of fault diagnosis of Discrete Event Systems (DESs). This book provides the basic techniques and approaches necessary for the design of an efficient fault diagnosis system for a wide range of modern engineering applications. This book classifies the different techniques and approaches according to several criteria such as: modeling tools (Automata, Petri nets, Templates) that is used to construct the model; the information (qualitative based on events occurrences and/or states outputs, quantitative based on signal processing, data analysis) that is needed to analyze and achieve the diagnosis; the decision structure (centralized, decentralized) that is required to achieve the diagnosis; as well as the complexity (polynomial, exponential) of the algorithm that is used to determine the set of faults that the proposed approach is able to diagnose as well as the delay time required for this diagnosis. The goal of this classification is to select the efficient method to achieve the fault diagnosis according to the application constraints. This book will include illustrated examples of the presented methods and techniques as well as a discussion on the application of these methods on several real-world problems.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: A Succinct Foundation (Mathematics and its Applications)
by Hemen Dutta B. V. KumarThis book contains fundamental concepts on discrete mathematical structures in an easy to understand style so that the reader can grasp the contents and explanation easily. The concepts of discrete mathematical structures have application to computer science, engineering and information technology including in coding techniques, switching circuits, pointers and linked allocation, error corrections, as well as in data networking, Chemistry, Biology and many other scientific areas. The book is for undergraduate and graduate levels learners and educators associated with various courses and progammes in Mathematics, Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology. The book should serve as a text and reference guide to many undergraduate and graduate programmes offered by many institutions including colleges and universities. Readers will find solved examples and end of chapter exercises to enhance reader comprehension. Features Offers comprehensive coverage of basic ideas of Logic, Mathematical Induction, Graph Theory, Algebraic Structures and Lattices and Boolean Algebra Provides end of chapter solved examples and practice problems Delivers materials on valid arguments and rules of inference with illustrations Focuses on algebraic structures to enable the reader to work with discrete structures
Discrete Mathematics and Graph Theory: A Concise Study Companion and Guide (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)
by K. ErciyesThis textbook can serve as a comprehensive manual of discrete mathematics and graph theory for non-Computer Science majors; as a reference and study aid for professionals and researchers who have not taken any discrete math course before. It can also be used as a reference book for a course on Discrete Mathematics in Computer Science or Mathematics curricula. The study of discrete mathematics is one of the first courses on curricula in various disciplines such as Computer Science, Mathematics and Engineering education practices. Graphs are key data structures used to represent networks, chemical structures, games etc. and are increasingly used more in various applications such as bioinformatics and the Internet. Graph theory has gone through an unprecedented growth in the last few decades both in terms of theory and implementations; hence it deserves a thorough treatment which is not adequately found in any other contemporary books on discrete mathematics, whereas about 40% of this textbook is devoted to graph theory. The text follows an algorithmic approach for discrete mathematics and graph problems where applicable, to reinforce learning and to show how to implement the concepts in real-world applications.
Discrete Mathematics, Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes: For Applications in Engineering and Computer Science (Modeling and Optimization in Science and Technologies #20)
by Samir Brahim Belhaouari Halima Bensmail Farshid MehrdoustThis book provides a comprehensive overview of discrete mathematics, probability theory, and stochastic processes, covering a wide range of topics in each area. It is designed to be a self-contained resource for students and professionals wishing to improve their understanding of these important mathematical concepts. The book takes a practical approach to the subject matter, providing real-world examples and applications to help readers understand how these mathematical concepts are used in various fields, such as computer science, engineering, and finance.
Discrete Mathematics: for New Technology
by John Taylor Rowan GarnierIn a comprehensive yet easy-to-follow manner, Discrete Mathematics for New Technology follows the progression from the basic mathematical concepts covered by the GCSE in the UK and by high-school algebra in the USA to the more sophisticated mathematical concepts examined in the latter stages of the book. The book punctuates the rigorous treatment of theory with frequent uses of pertinent examples and exercises, enabling readers to achieve a feel for the subject at hand. The exercise hints and solutions are provided at the end of the book. Topics covered include logic and the nature of mathematical proof, set theory, relations and functions, matrices and systems of linear equations, algebraic structures, Boolean algebras, and a thorough treatise on graph theory. Although aimed primarily at computer science students, the structured development of the mathematics enables this text to be used by undergraduate mathematicians, scientists, and others who require an understanding of discrete mathematics.
Discrete Problems in Nature Inspired Algorithms
by Ritu Tiwari Anupam ShuklaThis book includes introduction of several algorithms which are exclusively for graph based problems, namely combinatorial optimization problems, path formation problems, etc. Each chapter includes the introduction of the basic traditional nature inspired algorithm and discussion of the modified version for discrete algorithms including problems pertaining to discussed algorithms.
Discrete Random Signal Processing and Filtering Primer with MATLAB (Electrical Engineering and Applied Signal Processing Series)
by Alexander D. PoularikasEngineers in all fields will appreciate a practical guide that combines several new effective MATLAB® problem-solving approaches and the very latest in discrete random signal processing and filtering.Numerous Useful Examples, Problems, and Solutions – An Extensive and Powerful ReviewWritten for practicing engineers seeking to strengthen their practical grasp of random signal processing, Discrete Random Signal Processing and Filtering Primer with MATLAB provides the opportunity to doubly enhance their skills. The author, a leading expert in the field of electrical and computer engineering, offers a solid review of recent developments in discrete signal processing. The book also details the latest progress in the revolutionary MATLAB language.A Practical Self-Tutorial That Transcends TheoryThe author introduces an incremental discussion of signal processing and filtering, and presents several new methods that can be used for a more dynamic analysis of random digital signals with both linear and non-linear filtering. Ideal as a self-tutorial, this book includes numerous examples and functions, which can be used to select parameters, perform simulations, and analyze results. This concise guide encourages readers to use MATLAB functions – and those new ones introduced as Book MATLAB Functions – to substitute many different combinations of parameters, giving them a firm grasp of how much each parameter affects results. Much more than a simple review of theory, this book emphasizes problem solving and result analysis, enabling readers to take a hands-on approach to advance their own understanding of MATLAB and the way it is used within signal processing and filtering.