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Advanced Technologies, Systems, and Applications IX: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Innovative and Interdisciplinary Applications of Advanced Technologies (IAT 2024) Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #1143)
by Naida Ademović Zlatan Akšamija Almir KarabegovićThis book is a comprehensive compilation of articles that delve into the forefront of interdisciplinary applications of innovative technologies. It presents the scientific inquiries and outcomes showcased at the 15th Days of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Arts and Sciences conference, held in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, from June 20 to 23, 2024. The collection highlights the latest advancements and will draw the interest of researchers in diverse domains of engineering, including civil engineering, data science and geographic information systems, computer science and artificial intelligence, advanced environmental engineering and project management, information and communication technologies, and advanced electrical power systems. This book serves as a testament to the ongoing pursuit of knowledge and innovation in these fields, offering insights into the current research landscape and future directions. The contributions not only expand the theoretical foundations but also explore practical applications that address contemporary challenges in technology and engineering. The editors gratefully acknowledge the dedicated efforts of all the symposia chairs of the 15th Days of BHAAAS whose meticulous planning and scholarly oversight have enriched this book and contributed to its scholarly significance.
Advanced Technologies, Systems, and Applications V: Papers Selected by the Technical Sciences Division of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Arts and Sciences 2020 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #142)
by Samir Avdaković Ismar Volić Aljo Mujčić Tarik Uzunović Adnan MujezinovićThis book gathers papers that are centered on the theory and practice of a wide variety of advanced technologies. They cover the latest developments in computing, networking, information technology, robotics, complex systems, communications, energy, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, geodesy, and other subjects. These papers were selected for presentation at the 12th annual conference Days of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Arts and Sciences (BHAAAS), which was scheduled to be held in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina in June 2020 but was postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic. However, in light of the high quality of the submissions, BHAAAS’ technical and natural sciences division decided to create this special book despite the postponement. The editors would like to extend their special thanks to all the chairs of the planned symposia for their dedicated work in the production of this book: Jasmin Kevrić, Zerina Mašetić, Dželila Mehanović (Computer Science); Anes Kazagić, Hajrudin Džafo, Izet Smajević (Mechanical Engineering); Tarik Uzunović, Asif Šabanović, Jasmin Kevrić (Mechatronics, Robotics and Embedded Systems); Mirza Šarić, Tarik Hubana, Maja Muftić Dedović (Advanced Electrical Power Systems); Mirza Pozder, Naida Ademović, Medžida Mulić (Civil Engineering and Geodesy); Adnan Mujezinović, Muris Torlak (Computer Modeling and Simulations for Engineering Applications); and Aljo Mujčić, Edin Mujčić (Information and Communication Technologies).
Advanced Technologies, Systems, and Applications VI: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Innovative and Interdisciplinary Applications of Advanced Technologies (IAT) 2021 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #316)
by Naida Ademović Edin Mujčić Zlatan Akšamija Jasmin Kevrić Samir Avdaković Ismar VolićThis book presents the innovative and interdisciplinary application of advanced technologies. It includes the scientific outcomes and results of the conference 12th Day of Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Art and Sciences held in Mostar, Bosnia, and Herzegovina, June 24-27, 2021. The latest developments in various fields of engineering have been presented through various papers in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, computing, electrical and electronics engineering, and others. A new session, Sustainable Urban Development: Designing Smart, Inclusive and Resilient Cities, was organized, enabling experts in this field to exchange their knowledge and expertise.
Advanced Technologies, Systems, and Applications VII: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Innovative and Interdisciplinary Applications of Advanced Technologies (IAT) 2022 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #539)
by Naida Ademović Edin Mujčić Medžida Mulić Jasmin Kevrić Zlatan AkšamijaThis book presents a collection of articles on the advanced and interdisciplinary application of innovative technologies. Scientific investigations and results of the conference 13th Days of Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Art and Sciences held in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 23-26, 2022, are presented in this book. The up-to-date advances in various fields of engineering have been presented through numerous papers spanning the disciplines of civil engineering, mechanical engineering, advanced electrical power systems, computer modeling and simulations for engineering applications, computer science and artificial intelligence, geodesy and geoinformation, data science and geographic information systems and information and communication technologies. The editors would like to extend special gratitude to all the chairs of the planned symposia of the 13th Days of BHAAAS for their dedicated work in the production of this book.
Advanced Technologies, Systems, and Applications VIII: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Innovative and Interdisciplinary Applications of Advanced Technologies (IAT 2023) (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #644)
by Naida Ademović Jasmin Kevrić Zlatan AkšamijaThis book presents proceedings of the 14th Days of Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Arts and Sciences held in Tuzla, BIH, June 1–4, 2023. Delve into the intellectual tapestry that emerged from this event, as we unveil our highly anticipated Conference Proceedings Book. This groundbreaking publication captures the essence of seven captivating technical sessions spanning from Civil Engineering through Power Electronics all the way to Data Sciences and Artificial Intelligence, each exploring a distinct realm of innovation and discovery. Uniting diverse disciplines, this publication catalyzes interdisciplinary collaboration, forging connections that transcend traditional boundaries. Within these pages, readers find a compendium of knowledge, insights, and research findings from leading researchers in their respective fields. The editors would like to extend special gratitude to the chairs of all symposia for their dedicated work in the production of this volume.
Advanced Technology for Smart Environment and Energy (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Jamal Mabrouki Azrour MouradeThis book presents smart energy management in the context of energy transition. It presents the motivation, impacts and challenges related to this hot topic. Then, it focuses on the use of techniques and tools based on artificial intelligence (AI) to solve the challenges related to this problem. A global diagram presenting the general principle of these techniques is presented. Then, these techniques are compared according to a set of criteria in order to show their advantages and disadvantages with respect to the conditions and constraints of intelligent energy management applications in the context of energy transition. Several examples are used throughout the white paper to illustrate the concepts and methods presented. An intelligent electrical network (Smart grid—SG) includes heterogeneous and distributed electricity production, transmission, distribution and consumption components. It is the next generation of electricity network able to manage electricity demand (consumption/production/distribution) in a sustainable, reliable and economical way taking into account the penetration of renewable energies (solar, wind, etc.). Therefore, an SG smart grid also includes an intelligent layer that analyzes the data provided by consumers as well as that collected from the production side in order to optimize consumption and production according to weather conditions, the profile and habits of the consumer. In addition, this system can improve the use of green energy through renewable energy penetration and demand response.
Advanced Technology for Smart Environment and Energy (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Jamal Mabrouki Azrour Mourade Azeem Irshad Shehzad Ashraf ChaudhryThis book presents smart energy management in the context of energy transition. It presents the motivation, impacts and challenges related to this hot topic. Then, it focuses on the use of techniques and tools based on artificial intelligence (AI) to solve the challenges related to this problem. A global diagram presenting the general principle of these techniques is presented. Then, these techniques are compared according to a set of criteria in order to show their advantages and disadvantages with respect to the conditions and constraints of intelligent energy management applications in the context of energy transition. Several examples are used throughout the white paper to illustrate the concepts and methods presented. An intelligent electrical network (smart grid—SG) includes heterogeneous and distributed electricity production, transmission, distribution and consumption components. It is the next generation of electricity network able to manage electricity demand (consumption/production/distribution) in a sustainable, reliable and economical way taking into account the penetration of renewable energies (solar, wind, etc.). Therefore, a (SG) smart grid also includes an intelligent layer that analyzes the data provided by consumers as well as that collected from the production side in order to optimize consumption and production according to weather conditions, the profile and habits of the consumer. In addition, this system can improve the use of green energy through renewable energy penetration and demand response.
Advanced Technology in Textiles: Fibre to Apparel (Textile Science and Clothing Technology)
by Md. Mizanur Rahman Mohammad Mashud Md. Mostafizur RahmanThis book highlights the latest technology in textile processing along with the application of eco-friendly chemicals and reagents. As textile is the second basic human need, this industry assimilates a large share in the world economy. Nonetheless, nothing should be accomplished compromising sustainability; therefore updated technology and modern machineries are being used in the textile processing. It is not only for enhancing the efficiency but also to reduce waste and energy consumption. Moreover, Nano particles and Bio-chemicals are assumed to become integral part in the future manufacturing system. In this book, the numerical and investigation results will be presented to highlight the mentioned topics so that the application is lucidly comprehended. In a nutshell, this book is supposed to cover all the vibrant innovations in the manufacturing arena in textiles in consideration with ecological balance as well as breakthroughs in applied technology assumed to veer the general concept of maintenance of that machineries.
The Advanced Technology Program: Challenges and Opportunities
by National Research Council Staff Charles W. WessnerThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
The Advanced Technology Program: Assessing Outcomes
by Board On Science Technology Economic Policy National Research CouncilThis report examines the operations of the APT, reviews its extensive assessment program, and provides NRC Committee findings concerning the ATP’s operations and recommendations for potential improvements to the program. The report includes a summary of a major conference held in April 2000 as well as seven papers, including surveys of the industry participants or users of the ATP program, a summary of the results of fifty awards, detailed assessments of major joint ventures, and a description of the current selection process. It is the most comprehensive study to date of the program’s origins, operations, achievements, and assessment. Its conclusion: the program works.
Advanced Temperature Measurement and Control
by Gregory K. McmillanThis book provides a comprehensive view of what is needed to take advantage of the latest developments in smart and wireless temperature measurements and control strategies. A fundamental understanding of the capabilities of temperature sensors and the advances in wireless technology are provided. The effect of sensor types and installation on measurement accuracy and speed is detailed. Guidance is provided for making the commonly faced choice between thermocouples versus resistance temperature detectors. The temperature control requirements for various types of equipment are discussed. Control systems to meet specific objectives are provided. The appendices provide solutions to the exercises, data important for heat transfer, a unification of controller tuning methods, and equations to estimate process dynamics.
Advanced Test Methods for SRAMs: Effective Solutions for Dynamic Fault Detection in Nanoscaled Technologies
by Patrick Girard Luigi Dilillo Arnaud Virazel Serge Pravossoudovitch Alberto BosioModern electronics depend on nanoscaled technologies that present new challenges in terms of testing and diagnostics. Memories are particularly prone to defects since they exploit the technology limits to get the highest density. This book is an invaluable guide to the testing and diagnostics of the latest generation of SRAM, one of the most widely applied types of memory. Classical methods for testing memory are designed to handle the so-called "static faults," but these test solutions are not sufficient for faults that are emerging in the latest Very Deep Sub-Micron (VDSM) technologies. These new fault models, referred to as "dynamic faults", are not covered by classical test solutions and require the dedicated test sequences presented in this book.
Advanced Textile Engineering Materials (Advanced Material Series)
by Shahid Ul-Islam B. S. ButolaAdvanced Textile Engineering Materials is written to educate readers about the use of advanced materials in various textile applications. In the first part, the book addresses recent advances in chemical finishing, and also highlights environmental issues in textile sectors. In the second part, the book provides a compilation of innovative fabrication strategies frequently adopted for the mechanical finishing of textiles. The key topics are• Smart textiles• Functional modifications• Protective textiles• Conductive textiles• Coated/laminated textiles• Antimicrobial textiles• Environmental aspects in textiles • Textile materials in composites• 3-D woven preforms for composite reinforcement • Evolution of soft body armor
Advanced Textile Testing Techniques
by Sheraz Ahmad Abher Rasheed Ali Afzal Faheem AhmadTextile testing is an important field of textile sciences involving experimental evaluation of conventional as well as technical textile products. This book aims to provide technical details, required protocols and procedures for conducting any specific evaluation test along with key parameters. The book covers the topics in two main sections, first one for the conventional textile testing techniques starting from fiber to final product while the second one focusses on testing of technical textiles. Written with a reader friendly approach, it will cater to graduate students in textile engineering as well as industry personnel, focusing on following key points: Addresses all techniques for testing both conventional and technical textiles. Describes testing techniques compliance with the latest requirements of the updated EN ISO and AATCC standards. Provides detailed description on the testing of technical textiles and their products. Discusses the operations conditions, like atmospheric conditions, and human error with cause and effect diagrams. Covers both destructive and non-destructive testing.
Advanced Theories for Deformation, Damage and Failure in Materials (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #605)
by Holm Altenbach Artur GanczarskiThe book introduces advanced theories for deformation, damage, and failure in materials. The overall continuum mechanical framework was marked out and added by creep and damage mechanics of materials at elevated temperatures. The time-dependent and time-independent models of cyclic plasticity for low cycle and thermomechanical fatigue life assessment were specified in a very special manner: instead of three-dimensional statements, only one-dimensional rheological models were discussed. Anisotropic plasticity during non-proportional loading and anisotropy of yield/failure criteria is more and more important in modern applications. It is showing how the limit states of materials can be estimated. In addition, the damage and failure of composite materials demonstrate the possibility to extend continuum mechanics to continuum damage mechanics of composite materials.
Advanced Theory and Applications of Engineering Systems Under the Framework of Industry 4.0: Proceedings of 2022 International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications
by Yongsheng MaThis book is a collection of selected papers submitted to the 2022 International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications organized in Tokyo, Japan, May 13-15, 2022 (ISDEA2022). The book is organized according to the conference’s five major themes, including 1) Theory and Application of Intelligent Computing, 2) Intelligent Information System and Management Decision, 3) Artificial Intelligence and Robots, 4) Mechanical design and intelligent manufacturing and 5) Intelligent control and detection technology. ISDEA establishes a platform for researchers and scholars working in the field of intelligent systems design and engineering applications to present their newest research results, exchange innovative ideas, propose new models, as well as demonstrate advanced methodologies and novel design and systems.
Advanced Theranostic Materials
by Ashutosh Tiwari Jeong-Woo Choi Hirak K. PatraThe present book is covers the recent advances in the development on the regulation of such theragnosis system and their biomedical perspectives to act as a future nanomedicine. Advanced Theranostics Materialsis written by a distinguished group of contributors and provides comprehensive coverage of the current literature, up-to-date overview of all aspects of advanced theranostics materials ranging from system biology, diagnostics, imaging, image-guided therapy, therapeutics, biosensors, and translational medicine and personalized medicine, as well as the much broader task of covering most topics of biomedical research. The books focusses on the following topics: Part 1: System biology and translational medicine Aberrant Signaling Pathways: Hallmark of Cancer Cells and Target for Nanotherapeutics Application of Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment Biomacromolecule-Gated Mesoporous Silica Drug Delivery Systems Construction of Functional DNA Nanostructures for Theranostic Applications Smart Polypeptide Nanocarriers for Malignancy Therapeutics Part 2: Imaging and therapeutics Dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles as a localized delivery system in cancer immunotherapy Cardiovascular nanomedicine Chitosan-based systems for sustained drug release Nanocapsules in biomedicine: promises and challenges Chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complexes: characteristics and application in formulation of particulate drug carriers Part 3: Diagnostics and featured prognostics Non-invasive Glucose Biosensors based on Nanomaterials Self/directed Assembly of Nanoparticles: A review on various approaches Ion exchangers - an open window for the development of advanced materials with pharmaceutical and medical applications New Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications
Advanced Therapeutics in Pain Medicine
by Sahar Swidan and Matthew BennettChronic pain places a tremendous burden on both the patient and the healthcare system. The use of opioids to address pain has resulted in negative impacts. As practitioners work to undo the current opioid crisis, options to manage pain need a new approach. Advanced Therapeutics in Pain Medicine offers pioneering approaches to this intransigent problem providing a functional medicine approach toward treating pain. This book is dedicated to the advancement of non-opioid therapeutic options that offer real progress in reaching a future of better pain management. With an emphasis on pathophysiology, chapters review various types of pain and propose comprehensive treatment plans. These include manual therapies, novel pharmacologic and plant-based approaches, hormonal effects on pain pathways, as well as psychological and lifestyle interventions. Features · Written by a multi-discplinary team, the book provides clinicians with multiple non-opioid treatment considerations. · Enables practitioners to shift from a “one size fits all’ treatment approach toward individualized patient care. · Includes case studies to help educate the provider on how to implement treatment plans in practice. Written by a team of physicians, pharmacists, psychologists and researchers, this important book offers a much needed step forward in optimizing pain care and benefits practitioners who care for patients experiencing chronic pain.
Advanced Thermal Management Materials
by Ken Kuang Liyong Diao Guosheng JiangAdvanced Thermal Management Materials provides a comprehensive and hands-on treatise on the importance of thermal packaging in high performance systems. These systems, ranging from active electronically-scanned radar arrays to web servers, require components that can dissipate heat efficiently. This requires materials capable of dissipating heat and maintaining compatibility with the packaging and dye. Coverage includes all aspects of thermal management materials, both traditional and non-traditional,with an emphasis on metal based materials. An in-depth discussion of properties and manufacturing processes, and current applications are provided. Also presented are a discussion of the importance of cost, performance and reliability issues when making implementation decisions, product life cycle developments, lessons learned and future directions.
Advanced Thermal Stress Analysis of Smart Materials and Structures (Structural Integrity #10)
by Zengtao Chen Abdolhamid AkbarzadehThis is the first single volume monograph that systematically summarizes the recent progress in using non-Fourier heat conduction theories to deal with the multiphysical behaviour of smart materials and structures. The book contains six chapters and starts with a brief introduction to Fourier and non-Fourier heat conduction theories. Non-Fourier heat conduction theories include Cattaneo-Vernotte, dual-phase-lag (DPL), three-phase-lag (TPL), fractional phase-lag, and nonlocal phase-lag heat theories. Then, the fundamentals of thermal wave characteristics are introduced through reviewing the methods for solving non-Fourier heat conduction theories and by presenting transient heat transport in representative homogeneous and advanced heterogeneous materials. The book provides the fundamentals of smart materials and structures, including the background, application, and governing equations. In particular, functionally-graded smart structures made of piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, and magnetoelectroelastic materials are introduced as they represent the recent development in the industry.A series of uncoupled thermal stress analyses on one-dimensional structures are also included. The volume ends with coupled thermal stress analyses of one-dimensional homogenous and heterogeneous smart piezoelectric structures considering different coupled thermopiezoelectric theories. Last but not least, fracture behavior of smart structures under thermal disturbance is investigated and the authors propose directions for future research on the topic of multiphysical analysis of smart materials.
Advanced Thermodynamics Engineering (Applied and Computational Mechanics)
by Kalyan Annamalai Ishwar K. Puri Milind A. JogAdvanced Thermodynamics Engineering, Second Edition is designed for readers who need to understand and apply the engineering physics of thermodynamic concepts. It employs a self-teaching format that reinforces presentation of critical concepts, mathematical relationships, and equations with concrete physical examples and explanations of application
Advanced Thermoelectric Materials
by Chong Rae ParkYour guide to advanced thermoelectric materials Written by a distinguished group of contributors, this book provides comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date information on all aspects of advanced thermoelectric materials — ranging from system biology, diagnostics, imaging, image-guided therapy, therapeutics, biosensors, and translational medicine and personalized medicine, as well as the much broader task of covering most topics of biomedical research.
Advanced Thermoforming: Methods, Machines and Materials, Applications, Automation, Sustainability, and the Circular Economy (Wiley Series On Polymer Engineering And Technology Ser. #8)
by Sven EngelmannADVANCED THERMOFORMING Overview of advanced technologies in thermoforming including forming, filling, and sealing processes, and practical applications in various industries Advanced Thermoforming offers an overview of and new insights into thermoforming by comparing current and new standards for forming and mold technologies, presenting concepts from the practitioner’s perspective in a case-study format showing the possibilities of automated processes, reviewing the forming, filling, sealing processes, and applications of technical parts and packaging. The reader is guided along the path of design and development for machine and mold technologies and production processes. Along with updated content, this revised Second Edition adds new coverage of sustainability in packaging, circular economy principles, mold technology, electromotive applications, and developments in new polymeric materials. The text opens thermoforming to new applications and demands on plastic parts by covering advances in thermoforming machines, molds, and automation. Advanced Thermoforming covers topics such as: Basics of thermoforming and thermoplastics, production of semifinished products, extrusion, and coextrusion Introduction to both heavy and thin gauge thermoforming New approaches for more sustainable rigid packaging through thermoforming Fuel tank production on sheet machines, automotive body and commercial vehicle applications, and production of refrigerator liners Sustainability and circular economy principles in thermoforming Presenting an impressive variety of advanced thermoforming technologies in a very readable form, Advanced Thermoforming is an essential reference for polymer and plastics engineers as well asprocessors, technical engineers, R & D managers, new product development managers, automotive engineers, technicians, and equipment designers.
Advanced Thermoforming
by Sven EngelmannIntroduces the latest innovations in thermoforming materials, processes, and applications Advanced Thermoforming brings readers fully up to date with the latest standards, processes, materials, and applications in the field. From forming to filling to sealing processes, the author explains everything that can now be accomplished using the most advanced thermoforming technologies available. Moreover, readers learn how to fully leverage these technologies in order to design and manufacture products that meet all specifications at minimum cost and maximum efficiency. Emphasizing the application of advanced thermoforming for the production of technical parts and packaging, the book: Guides readers through all facets of development, design, and machine and mold technology Recommends new technologies that offer higher productivity, better quality, and lower costs Describes common raw materials used in thermoforming, including how specific materials affect the production process Explains the proper handling of semi-finished products and formed parts Sets forth the basic principles of extrusion, an essential process underlying thermoforming Introduces the latest software techniques to simulate the thermoforming of new products Throughout the book, readers learn about the latest innovations in thermoforming, from thermoformed automobile body parts to fully automated packaging assembly lines. The author offers valuable content from his interviews with leading industrial thermoformers, sharing insights and tips from their years of hands-on experience with readers. With Advanced Thermoforming as their guide, polymer and plastics engineering professionals and students can now explore and exploit the full range of possibilities that thermoforming technology offers.
Advanced Top Bar Beekeeping: Next Steps for the Thinking Beekeeper (Mother Earth News Books for Wiser Living)
by Christy HemenwayA guide for backyard beekeepers who have advanced into their second year with top bar hives.Bee populations are plummeting worldwide. Colony Collapse Disorder poses a serious threat to many plants that rely on bees for pollination, including a significant proportion of our food crops. Top bar hives are based on the concept of understanding and working with bees’ natural systems, enabling top bar beekeepers to produce honey and natural wax while helping bees thrive now and in the years ahead.Advanced Top Bar Beekeeping picks up where The Thinking Beekeeper left off, providing a wealth of information for backyard beekeepers ready to take the next step with this economical, bee-friendly approach. Author Christy Hemenway shares:Guidance and techniques for the second season and beyondAn in-depth analysis of the dangers climate change and conventional agriculture present to pollinatorsAn inspiring vision of restoring bee populations through organic farming and natural, chemical-free beekeeping.While continuing to emphasize the intimate connection between our food system, bees, and the wellbeing of the planet, Advanced Top Bar Beekeeping breaks new ground in the quest to shift the dominant agricultural paradigm away from chemical-laden, industrial beekeeping monoculture and towards healthy, diverse local farming. See what all the buzz is about with this must-read guide for the new breed of thinking beekeeper.Praise for Advanced Top Bar Beekeeping“Christy's experience and drive to further the use of top bar hives is extremely evident in this her next level work. Her first book got you into a hive . . . . I learned a few tricks from her and my top bar beekeeping improved due to her insights and explanations. But what about next year? That's where this work picks up. It gets you through winter, spring, swarms, feeding, splits, harvesting honey and then settles into the very best thing I can say about this form of keeping bees. Clean wax.” —Kim Flottum, editor, Bee Culture magazine, and editor, BEEKeeping: Your First Three Years“[Christy’s] new book is not only essential for those who want to keep bees in top bar hives, but also for those want a deeper look on beekeeping problems and on the life of Apis mellifera.” —Paolo Fontana, entomologist / apidologist“Here are your next steps to keeping bees in top bar hives. Thoughtful, experienced, articulate advice.” —Michael Bush, BushFarms.com