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Flow Cells for Electrochemical Energy Systems: Fundamentals and Applications (Green Energy and Technology)
by Liang An Rong Chen Yinshi LiThis book is a state-of-the-art review on recent advances in flow cells for electrochemical energy systems. The book includes an introduction to flow cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, photocatalytic fuel cells, organic flow batteries, redox flow batteries, microfluidic flow cells, as well as electrolysis cells for CO2 and nitrogen reduction. The book provides an essential reference for professors, researchers, and policymakers globally in academia, industry, and government.
Flow Control Techniques and Applications (Cambridge Aerospace Series #46)
by Jinjun Wang Lihao FengProviding comprehensive coverage, this is the first book to systematically introduce different flow control techniques. With a dedicated chapter for each technique, all of the most important, typical and up-to-date methods are discussed, including the vortex generator, biological techniques, the jet and synthetic jet, the plasma actuator, and closed-loop control. Understand their key characteristics and control mechanisms, and learn about their applications in different fields such as aviation and aerospace, mechanical engineering, and building construction. The necessary background on flow control is provided, including the history of the discipline, and the definition, classification and development of each technique, making this essential reading for graduate students, researchers and engineers working in the field.
Flow Control Through Bio-inspired Leading-Edge Tubercles: Morphology, Aerodynamics, Hydrodynamics and Applications
by Daniel T. H. New Bing Feng NgThis book describes and explains the basis of bio-inspired, leading-edge tubercles based on humpback whale flippers as passive but effective flow control devices, as well as providing a comprehensive practical guide in their applications. It first discusses the morphology of the humpback whale flipper from a biological perspective, before presenting detailed experimental and numerical findings from past investigations by various experts on the benefits of leading-edge tubercles and their engineering implementations.Leading-edge tubercle designs and functions have attracted considerable interest from researchers in terms of understanding their role in the underwater agility of these whales, and to exploit their flow dynamics in the development of new and novel engineering solutions. Extensive research over the past recent years has demonstrated that the maneuverability of these whales is at least in part due to the leading-edge tubercles acting as passive flow control devices to delay stall and increase lift in the post-stall regime. In addition to the inherent benefits in terms of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, investigations into leading-edge tubercles have also broadened into areas of noise attenuation, stability and industrial applications.This book touches upon these areas, with an emphasis upon the effects of lifting-surface types, flow regimes, tubercle geometries, lifting-surface stability and potential industrial applications, among others. As such, it features contributions from key experts in the fields of biology, physics and engineering who have conducted significant studies into understanding the various aspects of leading-edge tubercles. Given the broad coverage and in-depth analysis, this book will benefit academic researchers, practicing engineers and graduate students interested in tapping into such a unique but highly functional flow control strategy.
Flow in Porous Rocks: Energy and Environmental Applications
by Andrew W. WoodsFocusing on simplified models of physical flow processes, this book develops a series of quantitative models to describe the recovery of oil and gas from hydrocarbon reservoirs (including fracking), the physics of geo-sequestration of CO2, geothermal power production, and the potential for underground contaminant dispersal in the long-term storage of nuclear waste. The author approaches these problems by developing simplified mathematical models and identifying the key dimensionless variables that control the processes. This analysis is then used to demonstrate the challenges and constraints of modelling flow in complex and heterogeneous rocks, which often have uncertain flow properties. Analytical solutions for flows are provided where possible, and analogue laboratory experiments are also presented to help illustrate and provide a different perspective on the flows. Incorporating end-of-chapter exercises, this is an important introduction to the different controls on flow in porous rocks for academic researchers, energy industry professionals and graduate students.
Flow-Induced Instabilities of Reversible Pump Turbines (SpringerBriefs in Energy)
by Xianghao Zheng Yuning Zhang Jinwei LiThis brief provides a comprehensive introduction on the flow-induced instabilities (e.g., the pressure fluctuations and the vibrations) of the reversible pump turbines (RPTs) in the pumped hydro energy storage power stations (PHSEPSs) in China based on long-term field tests. The pressure fluctuations and the vibrations of several RPTs in China under different operational conditions are analysed in detail to reveal their generation mechanisms and propagation characteristics. The book presents advanced signal analysis and processing methods which are used for obtaining the time-frequency information and for finding the internal correlations between several types of signals. Advanced artificial intelligence algorithms are adopted for understanding the effective fault diagnosis and the identification of different flow patterns. The book overviews the fundamentals of the RPTs and the signal analysis methods, while it demonstrates that the analysis results of the pressure fluctuation and vibration data may be employed for the calibration of numerical simulations and the comparisons of model tests. It is primarily targeted to researchers and engineers working on the fields of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of hydraulic machineries.
Flow-Induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery
by André Coutu Peter Dörfler Mirjam SickSince the 1970's, an increasing amount of specialized research has focused on the problems created by instability of internal flow in hydroelectric power plants. However, progress in this field is hampered by the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, between fluid mechanics, structural mechanics and hydraulic transients. Flow-induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery provides a compact guidebook explaining the many different underlying physical mechanisms and their possible effects. Typical phenomena are described to assist in the proper diagnosis of problems and various key strategies for solution are compared and considered with support from practical experience and real-life examples. The link between state-of the-art CFD computation and notorious practical problems is discussed and quantitative data is provided on normal levels of vibration and pulsation so realistic limits can be set for future projects. Current projects are also addressed as the possibilities and limitations of reduced-scale model tests for prediction of prototype performance are explained. Engineers and project planners struggling with the practical problems will find Flow-induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery to be a comprehensive and convenient reference covering key topics and ideas across a range of relevant disciplines.
Flow-Induced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and Process Equipment (Wiley-ASME Press Series)
by Michel J. Pettigrew Colette E. Taylor Nigel J. FisherExplains the mechanisms governing flow-induced vibrations and helps engineers prevent fatigue and fretting-wear damage at the design stage Fatigue or fretting-wear damage in process and plant equipment caused by flow-induced vibration can lead to operational disruptions, lost production, and expensive repairs. Mechanical engineers can help prevent or mitigate these problems during the design phase of high capital cost plants such as nuclear power stations and petroleum refineries by performing thorough flow-induced vibration analysis. Accordingly, it is critical for mechanical engineers to have a firm understanding of the dynamic parameters and the vibration excitation mechanisms that govern flow-induced vibration. Flow-Induced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and Process Equipment provides the knowledge required to prevent failures due to flow-induced vibration at the design stage. The product of more than 40 years of research and development at the Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, this authoritative reference covers all relevant aspects of flow-induced vibration technology, including vibration failures, flow velocity analysis, vibration excitation mechanisms, fluidelastic instability, periodic wake shedding, acoustic resonance, random turbulence, damping mechanisms, and fretting-wear predictions. Each in-depth chapter contains the latest available lab data, a parametric analysis, design guidelines, sample calculations, and a brief review of modelling and theoretical considerations. Written by a group of leading experts in the field, this comprehensive single-volume resource: Helps readers understand and apply techniques for preventing fatigue and fretting-wear damage due to flow-induced vibration at the design stage Covers components including nuclear reactor internals, nuclear fuels, piping systems, and various types of heat exchangers Features examples of vibration-related failures caused by fatigue or fretting-wear in nuclear and process equipment Includes a detailed overview of state-of-the-art flow-induced vibration technology with an emphasis on two-phase flow-induced vibration Covering all relevant aspects of flow-induced vibration technology, Flow-Induced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and Process Equipment is required reading for professional mechanical engineers and researchers working in the nuclear, petrochemical, aerospace, and process industries, as well as graduate students in mechanical engineering courses on flow-induced vibration.
Flow-induced Vibrations: IAHR Hydraulic Structures Design Manuals 7 (IAHR Design Manual #7)
by Eduard NaudascherDesigned for engineers, this work considers flow-induced vibrations. It covers topics such as body oscillators; fluid loading and response of body oscillators; fluid oscillators; vibrations due to extraneously-induced excitation; and vibrations due to instability-induced excitation.
Flow Measurement
by Bela G. LiptakFully illustrated with diagrams, tables, and formulas, Flow Measurement covers virtually every type of flow meter in use today.Béla G. Lipták speaks on Post-Oil Energy Technology on the AT&T Tech Channel.
Flow Measurement Handbook
by Roger C. BakerFlow Measurement Handbook is an information-packed reference for engineers on flow measuring techniques and instruments. Striking a balance between laboratory ideal and the realities of field experience, this handy tool provides a wealth of practical advice on the design, operation, and performance of a broad range of flowmeters. The book begins with a brief review of fluid mechanics principles, how to select a flowmeter, and a variety of calibration methods. Each of the following chapters is devoted to a class of flowmeters and includes detailed information on design, applications, installation, calibration, operation, and advantages and disadvantages. Among the flowmeters discussed are orifice plate meters, venturi meters and standard nozzles, critical flow venturi nozzles, positive displacement flowmeters, turbine and related flowmeters, vortex shedding and fluidic flowmeters, electromagnetic flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, and coriolis flowmeters. Also covered are mass flow measurements using multiple sensors, thermal flowmeters, angular momentum devices, probes, and modern control systems. Many chapters conclude with an appendix on the theory behind the techniques discussed.
Flow Modelling and Control in Pipeline Systems: A Formal Systematic Approach (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #321)
by Sina Razvarz Raheleh Jafari Alexander GegovThis book introduces novel methods for leak and blockage detection in pipelines. The leak happens as a result of ageing pipelines or extreme pressure forced by operational error or valve rapid variation. Many factors influence blockage formation in pipes like wax deposition that leads to the formation and eventual growth of solid layers and deposition of suspended solid particles in the fluids. In this book, initially, different categories of leak detection are overviewed. Afterwards, the observability and controllability of pipeline systems are analysed. Control variables can be usually presented by pressure and flow rates at the start and end points of the pipe. Different cases are considered based on the selection of control variables to model the system. Several theorems are presented to test the observability and controllability of the system. In this book, the leakage flow in the pipelines is studied numerically to find the relationship between leakage flow and pressure difference. Removing leakage completely is almost impossible; hence, the development of a formal systematic leakage control policy is the most reliable approach to reducing leakage rates.
Flow Noise: Theory
by Con Doolan Danielle MoreauThis book highlights the importance of sound produced by fluid flow or flow-induced noise. Noise created by unsteady flow creates high levels of environmental noise pollution, a known public health problem, and can compromise the acoustic qualities of marine vessels. There is a seemingly ever-growing list of modern technology that created flow-induced noise which includes aircraft, wind turbines, submarines, drones, high-speed rail, and cooling fans. More scientists and engineers are required to incorporate the effects of flow-induced noise in their work. This book also provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory underpinning the understanding of flow-induced noise.
Flow Resistance: Design Guide For Engineers
by I.E. IdelchikA sourcebook offering an up-to-date perspective on a variety of topics and using practical, applications-oriented data necessary for the design and evaluation of internal fluid system pressure losses. It has been prepared for the practicing engineer who understands fluid-flow fundamentals.
Flow Through Heterogeneous Geologic Media
by Yeh, Tian-Chyi “Jim” and Khaleel, Raziuddin and Carroll, Kenneth C. Yeh, Tian-Chyi “Jim” Raziuddin Khaleel Kenneth C. CarrollThis textbook integrates classic principles of flow through porous media with recently developed stochastic analyses to provide new insight on subsurface hydrology. Importantly, each of the authors has extensive experience in both academia and the world of applied groundwater hydrology. The book not only presents theories but also emphasizes their underlying assumptions, limitations, and the potential pitfalls that may occur as a result of blind application of the theories as 'cookie-cutter' solutions. The book has been developed for advanced-level courses on groundwater fluid flow, hydraulics, and hydrogeology, in either civil and environmental engineering or geoscience departments. It is also a valuable reference text for researchers and professionals in civil and environmental engineering, geology, soil science, environmental science, and petroleum and mining engineering.
Flow Transition Design in Hydraulic Structures
by S.K. MazumderTransitions are provided in hydraulic structures for economy and efficiency. This book covers all types of flow transitions: sub-critical to sub-critical, sub-critical to super critical, super-critical to sub-critical with hydraulic jump, and super-critical to super-critical transitions. It begins with an introduction followed by characteristics of flow in different types of transitions and procedures for hydraulic design of transitions in different structures. Different types of appurtenances used to control flow separation and ensure uniform flow at exit of transition and diffusers are included. Examples of hydraulic design of a few typical hydraulic structures are given as well.
Flower Farming for Profit: The Complete Guide to Growing a Successful Cut Flower Business
by Lennie Larkin“Flower Farming for Profit does a deep dive into the least glamorous, but most important part of farming—how to run a profitable business. This must-have book is incredibly thoughtful, well organized, and brimming with real-life examples. Lennie’s down-to-earth, no-nonsense approach to the numbers is a breath of fresh air.”—Erin Benzakein, owner, Floret Farm; New York Times bestselling author of Floret Farm’s A Year in Flowers With practical, step-by-step instructions and on-the-ground examples at every scale, Flower Farming for Profit is a comprehensive, beautiful guide to achieving profitability as a cut flower farmer. When Lennie Larkin set out to become a flower farmer, she found all sorts of resources about growing flowers but a scarcity of reliable information on how to build a profitable cut flower business. How do you create efficient systems and adequately value your own time and effort through your pricing? When and how should you consider scaling up your farm? How can you make doing what you love support you financially? In Flower Farming for Profit, Larkin answers these questions—and many, many more. With instructive lessons and savvy business tips from her own and other successful farms around the world, she explores: The diverse challenges of both wholesale and retail sales channels, from florists and farm stands to farmers markets Streamlining weddings for the farmer-florist, from communications to floral design Efficient recordkeeping and bookkeeping Steps for conducting your own cost-of-production analysis Marketing and growth strategies Business planning, goal setting, and making financial projections Crop planning based on local climatic conditions, market demand, and sales projections The cut flower industry continues to experience wild growth. To successfully do what they love while expanding the market for sustainably produced flowers, new and experienced farmers alike must deliberately step back from the field and into the office. Flower Farming for Profit is a one-of-a-kind guide to creating the type of numbers-driven business that will allow individual farms to prosper and local flower economies to thrive.
Flowerdew Hundred: The Archaeology of a Virginia Plantation, 1619-1864
by James DeetzArchaeological excavations began in the 1970s to reconstruct some 250 years of life at the 1,000 acre plantation that Virginia's first governor established roughly halfway between present-day Richmond and Williamsburg. Deetz (anthropology, U. of Virginia) presents some of the findings and pays particular attention to archaeology's value in fleshing out the stories of people omitted from written records, or included in only minimal or biased ways. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.
Flowers
by Gail GibbonsExplore a lush garden of plant life. . . . from your bookshelf! Packed with science concepts, this picture book will tell you everything you need to know about flowers.A Eureka! Nonfiction HonoreeWith her signature combination of clearly-labeled diagrams, infographics, and accessible language, Gail Gibbons introduces the basics and life cycle of flowers. Sweet-smelling violets, delicate roses, vibrant tulips-- and many more-- come alive on the profusely illustrated pages.Including information on common regional species, flowers' habitable ranges, basic flower care and cultivation, and flower anatomy and pollination, this picture book introduction is perfect for both budding gardeners and aspiring scientists. Explore a worldwide garden without ever leaving home!Beloved by educators, nonfiction superstar Gail Gibbons has covered seeds, farming, vegetables, fruits, and much more for children. According to the Washington Post, "Gail Gibbons has taught more preschoolers and early readers about the world than any other children's writer-illustrator."This Explore the World . . . with Gail Gibbons title promotes active learning, good citizenship, and student leadership.
Flowing Matter (Soft and Biological Matter)
by Federico Toschi Marcello SegaThis open access book, published in the Soft and Biological Matter series, presents an introduction to selected research topics in the broad field of flowing matter, including the dynamics of fluids with a complex internal structure -from nematic fluids to soft glasses- as well as active matter and turbulent phenomena. Flowing matter is a subject at the crossroads between physics, mathematics, chemistry, engineering, biology and earth sciences, and relies on a multidisciplinary approach to describe the emergence of the macroscopic behaviours in a system from the coordinated dynamics of its microscopic constituents. Depending on the microscopic interactions, an assembly of molecules or of mesoscopic particles can flow like a simple Newtonian fluid, deform elastically like a solid or behave in a complex manner. When the internal constituents are active, as for biological entities, one generally observes complex large-scale collective motions. Phenomenology is further complicated by the invariable tendency of fluids to display chaos at the large scales or when stirred strongly enough. This volume presents several research topics that address these phenomena encompassing the traditional micro-, meso-, and macro-scales descriptions, and contributes to our understanding of the fundamentals of flowing matter. This book is the legacy of the COST Action MP1305 “Flowing Matter”.
Flows in Polymers, Reinforced Polymers and Composites
by Christophe Binetruy Francisco Chinesta Roland KeuningsThis book gives a detailed and practical introduction to complex flows of polymers and reinforced polymers as well as the flow of simple fluids in complex microstructures. Over the last decades, an increasing number of functional and structural parts, made so far with metals, has been progressively reengineered by replacing metallic materials by polymers, reinforced polymers and composites. The motivation for this substitution may be the weight reduction, the simpler, cheaper or faster forming process, or the ability to exploit additional functionalities. The present Brief surveys modern developments related to the multi-scale modeling and simulation of polymers, reinforced polymers, that involve a flowing microstructure and continuous fiber-reinforced composites, wherein the fluid flows inside a nearly stationary multi-scale microstructure. These developments concern both multi-scale modeling, defining bridges between the micro and macro scales - with special emphasis on the mesoscopic scale at which kinetic theory descriptions apply and advanced simulation techniques able to address efficiently the ever more complex and detailed models defined at different scales. This book is addressed to students (Master and doctoral levels), researchers and professionals interested in computational rheology and material forming processes involving polymers, reinforced polymers and composites. It provides a unique coverage of the state of the art in these multi-disciplinary fields.
Flucht- und Rettungswege: Anforderungen behinderter Menschen an die Bewältigung von Notfällen
by Adam MerschbacherDieses Fachbuch erklärt die Planung, den Bau und erläutert die Vorschriften für Flucht- und Rettungswege. Dabei werden die Zuständigkeiten und Verantwortungen geklärt und welche Gesetze, Verordnungen und Regelungen es gibt. Besonderer Schwerpunkt dieses Buches sind dabei die Anforderungen behinderter Menschen an die Bewältigung von Notfällen, wie Rollstuhlfahrer, Rollator Nutzer und gehbehinderte Menschen, blinde und hochgradig sehbehinderte Menschen, schwerhörige, gehörlose und ertaubte Menschen, Menschen mit Einschränkungen der sprach und/oder Sprachvermögens, Menschen mit Einschränkungen der Oberkörperfunktion und bettlägerige Menschen.
Fluctuation-Induced Network Control and Learning: Applying the Yuragi Principle of Brain and Biological Systems
by Masayuki Murata Kenji LeibnitzFrom theory to application, this book presents research on biologically and brain-inspired networking and machine learning based on Yuragi, which is the Japanese term describing the noise or fluctuations that are inherently used to control the dynamics of a system. The Yuragi mechanism can be found in various biological contexts, such as in gene expression dynamics, molecular motors in muscles, or the visual recognition process in the brain. Unlike conventional network protocols that are usually designed to operate under controlled conditions with a predefined set of rules, the probabilistic behavior of Yuragi-based control permits the system to adapt to unknown situations in a distributed and self-organized manner leading to a higher scalability and robustness.The book consists of two parts. Part 1 provides in four chapters an introduction to the biological background of the Yuragi concept as well as how these are applied to networking problems. Part 2 provides additional contributions that extend the original Yuragi concept to a Bayesian attractor model from human perceptual decision making. In the six chapters of the second part, applications to various fields in information network control and artificial intelligence are presented, ranging from virtual network reconfigurations, a software-defined Internet of Things, and low-power wide-area networks.This book will benefit those working in the fields of information networks, distributed systems, and machine learning who seek new design mechanisms for controlling large-scale dynamically changing systems.
Fluctuation Mechanism and Control on System Instantaneous Availability
by Yi Yang Yong-Li Yu Li-Chao WangFluctuation Mechanism and Control on System Instantaneous Availability facilitates the development of modeling and identification skills for both theoretical research and applications. Supplying an overall summary of current research results in fluctuation analysis of instantaneous availability, it covers the theory, methodology, and specific engineering implementation required to conduct equipment instantaneous availability analysis. Presenting practical methods and tools, it describes how to control the matching transition of new equipment systems as a result of interactions among sub-systems.
Fluctuations and Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Strongly-Correlated Ultracold Atoms (Springer Theses)
by Kazuma NagaoThis book discusses non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, recently explored in an analog quantum simulator of strongly correlated ultracold atoms. The first part presents a field-theoretical analysis of the experimental observability of the Higgs amplitude mode that emerges as a relativistic collective excitation near a quantum phase transition of superfluid Bose gases in an optical lattice potential. The author presents the dynamical susceptibilities to external driving of the microscopic parameters, taking into account a leading-order perturbative correction from quantum and thermal fluctuations and shows clear signatures of the Higgs mode in these observables. This is the first result that strongly supports the stability of the Higgs mode in three-dimensional optical lattices even in the presence of a spatially inhomogeneous confinement potential and paves the way for desktop observations of the Higgs mode. In the second part, the author applies the semi-classical truncated-Wigner approximation (TWA) to far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. Specifically, he considers the recent experiments on quantum-quench dynamics in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator. A direct comparison shows remarkable agreement between the numerical results from TWA and the experimental data. This result clearly indicates the potential of such a semi-classical approach in reliably simulating many-body systems using classical computers. The book also includes several chapters providing comprehensive reviews of the recent studies on cold-atomic quantum simulation and various theoretical methods, including the Schwinger-boson approach in strongly correlated systems and the phase-space semi-classical method for far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. These chapters are highly recommended to students and young researchers who are interested in semi-classical approaches in non-equilibrium quantum dynamics.
Fluency with Information Technology: Skills, Concepts, and Capabilities
by Lawrence Snyder Ray Henry<p>Having grown up with computers, most readers already know how to use Information Technology (IT) in their daily lives--but use is not understanding. More than ever, they must become "computational thinkers," able to conceptualize where and how computation can be used effectively. <p>Equipping readers with a deeper understanding of the broad capabilities of technology, Fluency with Information Technology, 7th Edition uses a project-oriented learning approach supported by examples and realistic problem-solving scenarios. Authors Larry Snyder and Ray Henry teach readers to navigate IT independently and become effective users of today's resources, forming a foundation of skills they can adapt to their personal and career goals as future technologies emerge. The text's approach is centered on three types of content--skills, concepts, and capabilities--that prepare readers to adapt to an ever-changing computing environment. This 7th Edition incorporates updates and new content that mirrors the way contemporary readers encounter technology in their lives.</p>