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Error Control for Network-on-Chip Links
by Bo Fu Paul AmpaduThis book provides readers with a comprehensive review of the state of the art in error control for Network on Chip (NOC) links. Coverage includes detailed description of key issues in NOC error control faced by circuit and system designers, as well as practical error control techniques to minimize the impact of these errors on system performance.
Error Estimates for Advanced Galerkin Methods (Lecture Notes in Applied and Computational Mechanics #88)
by Marcus Olavi RüterThis monograph provides a compendium of established and novel error estimation procedures applied in the field of Computational Mechanics. It also includes detailed derivations of these procedures to offer insights into the concepts used to control the errors obtained from employing Galerkin methods in finite and linearized hyperelasticity. The Galerkin methods introduced are considered advanced methods because they remedy certain shortcomings of the well-established finite element method, which is the archetypal Galerkin (mesh-based) method. In particular, this monograph focuses on the systematical derivation of the shape functions used to construct both Galerkin mesh-based and meshfree methods. The mesh-based methods considered are the (conventional) displacement-based, (dual-)mixed, smoothed, and extended finite element methods. In addition, it introduces the element-free Galerkin and reproducing kernel particle methods as representatives of a class of Galerkin meshfree methods. Including illustrative numerical examples relevant to engineering with an emphasis on elastic fracture mechanics problems, this monograph is intended for students, researchers, and practitioners aiming to increase the reliability of their numerical simulations and wanting to better grasp the concepts of Galerkin methods and associated error estimation procedures.
Error Estimation for Pattern Recognition
by Edward R. Dougherty Ulisses M. Braga NetoThis book is the first of its kind to discuss error estimation with a model-based approach. From the basics of classifiers and error estimators to distributional and Bayesian theory, it covers important topics and essential issues pertaining to the scientific validity of pattern classification. Error Estimation for Pattern Recognition focuses on error estimation, which is a broad and poorly understood topic that reaches all research areas using pattern classification. It includes model-based approaches and discussions of newer error estimators such as bolstered and Bayesian estimators. This book was motivated by the application of pattern recognition to high-throughput data with limited replicates, which is a basic problem now appearing in many areas. The first two chapters cover basic issues in classification error estimation, such as definitions, test-set error estimation, and training-set error estimation. The remaining chapters in this book cover results on the performance and representation of training-set error estimators for various pattern classifiers. Additional features of the book include: * The latest results on the accuracy of error estimation* Performance analysis of re-substitution, cross-validation, and bootstrap error estimators using analytical and simulation approaches* Highly interactive computer-based exercises and end-of-chapter problems
Error Propagation in Environmental Modelling with GIS (Research Monographs in GIS)
by Gerard B.M. HeuvelinkGIS users and professionals are aware that the accuracy of GIS results cannot be naively based on the quality of the graphical output. Data stored in a GIS will have been collected or measured, classified, generalised, interpreted or estimated, and in all cases this allows the introduction of errors.; With the processing of translation of this data
Error Systems: Concepts, Theory and Applications (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #275)
by Kaizhong Guo Shiyong LiuThis book offers a new perspective and deeper understanding of complex socioeconomic systems, and explores the laws and mechanisms of erring by revealing the system structure, i.e., the context in which errors are imbedded. It proposes a number of new concepts for the field of systems science concerning the forces affecting e.g. system structure, subsystem structures, and system elements. Given its scope, it offers an excellent reference book for researchers and other readers in the fields of systems science, management science, mathematics, fuzzy logic and sets, symbolic logic, philosophy, etc. The book can also benefit researchers and practitioners in artificial intelligence and machine learning, as various erring patterns can be identified by training intelligent machines with big data (i.e., error cases and their logic), helping to prevent or eliminate errors in a cost-effective manner.
Error-Tolerant Biochemical Sample Preparation with Microfluidic Lab-on-Chip (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by Sudip Poddar Bhargab B. BhattacharyaMicrofluidic biochips have gained prominence due to their versatile applications to biochemistry and health-care domains such as point-of-care clinical diagnosis of tropical and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, toxicity analysis, and for the mitigation of the global HIV crisis, among others. Microfluidic Lab-on-Chips (LoCs) offer a convenient platform for emulating various fluidic operations in an automated fashion. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of fluidic operations, the outcome of biochemical experiments performed on-chip can be erroneous even if the chip is tested a priori and deemed to be defect-free. This book focuses on the issues encountered in reliable sample preparation with digital microfluidic biochips (DMFBs), particularly in an error-prone environment. It presents state-of-the-art error management techniques and underlying algorithmic challenges along with their comparative discussions. Describes a comprehensive framework for designing a robust and error-tolerant biomedical system which will help in migrating from cumbersome medical laboratory tasks to small-sized LOC-based systems Presents a comparative study on current error-tolerant strategies for robust sample preparation using DMFBs and reports on efficient algorithms for error-tolerant sample dilution using these devices Illustrates how algorithmic engineering, cyber-physical tools, and software techniques are helpful in implementing fault tolerance Covers the challenges associated with design automation for biochemical sample preparation Teaches how to implement biochemical protocols using software-controlled microfluidic biochips Interdisciplinary in its coverage, this reference is written for practitioners and researchers in biochemical, biomedical, electrical, computer, and mechanical engineering, especially those involved in LOC or bio-MEMS design.
Errors in Organizations (SIOP Organizational Frontiers Series)
by David A. Hofmann Michael FreseDespite the significance and prevalence of errors in organizations, there has been no attempt within the field of Industrial and Organizational Psychology to create a single source summarizing what we know regarding errors in organizations and providing a focused effort toward identifying future directions of research. This volume answers that need and provides contributions by researchers who have conducted a considerable amount of research on errors occurring in the work context. Students, academics and practitioners in a wide range of disciplines, i.e., industrial organizational psychology, medicine, aviation, human factors and systems engineering, will find this book of interest.
Errors-in-Variables Methods in System Identification (Communications and Control Engineering)
by Torsten SöderströmThis book presents an overview of the different errors-in-variables (EIV) methods that can be used for system identification. Readers will explore the properties of an EIV problem. Such problems play an important role when the purpose is the determination of the physical laws that describe the process, rather than the prediction or control of its future behaviour. EIV problems typically occur when the purpose of the modelling is to get physical insight into a process. Identifiability of the model parameters for EIV problems is a non-trivial issue, and sufficient conditions for identifiability are given. The author covers various modelling aspects which, taken together, can find a solution, including the characterization of noise properties, extension to multivariable systems, and continuous-time models. The book finds solutions that are constituted of methods that are compatible with a set of noisy data, which traditional approaches to solutions, such as (total) least squares, do not find. A number of identification methods for the EIV problem are presented. Each method is accompanied with a detailed analysis based on statistical theory, and the relationship between the different methods is explained. A multitude of methods are covered, including: instrumental variables methods; methods based on bias-compensation; covariance matching methods; and prediction error and maximum-likelihood methods. The book shows how many of the methods can be applied in either the time or the frequency domain and provides special methods adapted to the case of periodic excitation. It concludes with a chapter specifically devoted to practical aspects and user perspectives that will facilitate the transfer of the theoretical material to application in real systems. Errors-in-Variables Methods in System Identification gives readers the possibility of recovering true system dynamics from noisy measurements, while solving over-determined systems of equations, making it suitable for statisticians and mathematicians alike. The book also acts as a reference for researchers and computer engineers because of its detailed exploration of EIV problems.
Erschütterungen und sekundärer Luftschall aus dem Schienenverkehr (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael Möser Gerhard MüllerDieser Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik behandelt die Entstehungsmechanismen und die Minderung von Erschütterungen und sekundärem Luftschall aus dem Schienenverkehr. Aufbauend auf den Erkenntnissen des Luftschalls aus dem Schienenverkehr wird auf deren Bewertung sowie auf Prognoseverfahren eingegangen.
Erstellen eines AHO-konformen Projekthandbuchs: Eine wissenschaftliche Herleitung einer möglichen Gliederung (Entwicklung neuer Ansätze zum nachhaltigen Planen und Bauen)
by René BrzezinskiDas Regelwerk des Ausschuss der Verbände und Kammern der Ingenieure und Architekten für die Honorarordnung e.V. (AHO) fordert im Leistungsbild der Projektsteuerung in der Bau- und Immobilienwirtschaft (Schriftenreihe Nr. 9) ein Projekthandbuch von der beauftragten Projektsteuerung. Welche Inhalte gehören jedoch in ein solches Projekthandbuch, um es als AHO-konform bezeichnen zu können? Welche Grundlagen bieten hierfür die allgemeinen Erkenntnisse aus der Projektsteuerung und den dazugehörigen Regelwerken (HOAI/DIN/AHO)? Gibt es auch außerhalb der Bau- und Immobilienbranche mögliche Inhalte? Wie kann eine unternehmensspezifische Umssetzung des Projekthandbuchs aussehen? All diese Fragen werden durch diese Arbeit in ihren Grundlagen ausgearbeitet. Somit birgt diese das Potenzial darauf aufbauuende Forschungen im Untersuchungsbereich des Projekthandbuchs sowie im gesamten Projektmanagement zu unterstützen.
Erweiterte virtuelle Prototypen für heterogene Systeme
by Rolf Drechsler Daniel Große Muhammad HassanDieses Buch beschreibt eine umfassende Kombination von Methoden, die den modernen Virtual Prototype (VP)-basierten Verifikationsfluss für heterogene Systems-on-Chip (SOCs) stark verbessern. Insbesondere kombiniert das Buch Verifikations- und Analyseaspekte über verschiedene Stufen des VP-basierten Verifikationsflusses hinweg und bietet eine neue Perspektive auf die Verifikation, indem es fortschrittliche Techniken wie metamorphes Testen, Datenfluss-Testen und Informationsfluss-Testen einsetzt. Darüber hinaus legt das Buch einen starken Schwerpunkt auf fortschrittliche, abdeckungsorientierte Methoden zur Verifizierung des funktionalen Verhaltens des SOC sowie zur Gewährleistung seiner Sicherheit.Bietet eine umfassende Einführung in den modernen VP-basierten Verifikationsablauf für heterogene SOCs;Stellt eine neuartige metamorphe Testtechnik für heterogene SOCs vor, die keine Referenzmodelle erfordert;Enthält automatisierte, fortschrittliche, auf Datenflussabdeckung basierende Methoden, die auf SystemC/AMS-basierte VP zugeschnitten sind;Beschreibt erweiterte funktionale abdeckungsgesteuerte Methoden zur Verifizierung verschiedener funktionaler Verhaltensweisen von RF-Verstärkern.
Escape: Book 2 (Chase Ser. #2)
by Linwood BarclayDon't stop running . . . the second edge-of-your-seat thriller with bite from international bestselling author Linwood Barclay for ages 9+12-year-old Jeff and genetically engineered spy dog Chipper are on the run from the mysterious and sinister government organisation knows only as The Institute. Due to a combination of bravery, luck and some of Chipper's more useful modifications, they've managed to evade their pursuers so far. But The Institute is closing in and Chipper and Jeff will have to be stay one step ahead if they want to stay alive..Danger, secrets and thrilling suspense collide in Linwood Barclay's action-packed series for children.
Escape: Book 2 (Chase #2)
by Linwood BarclayDon't stop running . . . the second edge-of-your-seat thriller with bite from international bestselling author Linwood Barclay for ages 9+12-year-old Jeff and genetically engineered spy dog Chipper are on the run from the mysterious and sinister government organisation knows only as The Institute. Due to a combination of bravery, luck and some of Chipper's more useful modifications, they've managed to evade their pursuers so far. But The Institute is closing in and Chipper and Jeff will have to be stay one step ahead if they want to stay alive..Danger, secrets and thrilling suspense collide in Linwood Barclay's action-packed series for children.
Escape: Book 2 (Chase #2)
by Linwood BarclayDon't stop running . . . the second edge-of-your-seat thriller with bite from international bestselling author Linwood Barclay for ages 9+12-year-old Jeff and genetically engineered spy dog Chipper are on the run from the mysterious and sinister government organisation knows only as The Institute. Due to a combination of bravery, luck and some of Chipper's more useful modifications, they've managed to evade their pursuers so far. But The Institute is closing in and Chipper and Jeff will have to be stay one step ahead if they want to stay alive..Danger, secrets and thrilling suspense collide in Linwood Barclay's action-packed series for children.(P)2019 Hodder & Stoughton Limited
Escape from Earth: A Secret History of the Space Rocket
by Fraser MacDonaldThe long-buried truth about the dawn of the Space Age: lies, spies, socialism, and sex magick.Los Angeles, 1930s: Everyone knows that rockets are just toys, the stuff of cranks and pulp magazines. Nevertheless, an earnest engineering student named Frank Malina sets out to prove the doubters wrong. With the help of his friend Jack Parsons, a grandiose and occult-obsessed explosives enthusiast, Malina embarks on a journey that takes him from junk yards and desert lots to the heights of the military-industrial complex.Malina designs the first American rocket to reach space and establishes the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. But trouble soon finds him: the FBI suspects Malina of being a communist. And when some classified documents go missing, will his comrades prove as dependable as his engineering?Drawing on an astonishing array of untapped sources, including FBI documents and private archives, Escape From Earth tells the inspiring true story of Malina's achievements--and the political fear that's kept them hidden. At its heart, this is an Icarus tale: a real life fable about the miracle of human ingenuity and the frailty of dreams.
Escape from the Pipe Men!
by Mary G. ThompsonThirteen-year-old Ryan Hawthorn has spent his life on display as a human exhibit in the multi-eyed Pipe Men's intergalactic zoo. When his father is accidentally poisoned, it's up to Ryan and his seven-year-old sister, Becky, to scour the universe for the antidote. Along the way, they encounter many strange creatures--from the doglike Hottini to the spindly-legged, hairy Xaxor--and learn that the Pipe Men (or, as Becky calls them, "overgrown drainpipes") are not kindly overlords, as they had been led to believe. It's not only the humans who are planning to rebel! A wildly imaginative middle grade space-travel adventure.
Escaping Gravity: My Quest to Transform NASA and Launch a New Space Age
by Lori GarverA former NASA deputy administrator recounts how she battled greed and corruption to revolutionize the agency and usher in a new space age.Escaping Gravity is former NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver’s firsthand account of how a handful of revolutionaries overcame the political patronage and bureaucracy that threatened the space agency. The success of Elon Musk’s SpaceX, Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin, Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, and countless other commercial space efforts were preceded by decades of work by a group of people Garver calls “space pirates.” Their quest to transform NASA put Garver in the crosshairs of Congress, the aerospace industry, and hero-astronauts trying to protect their own profits and mythology within a system that had held power since the 1950s.As the head of the NASA transition team for President-elect Barack Obama and second-in-command of the agency, Garver drove policies and funding that enabled commercial competition just as the capabilities and resources of the private sector began to mature. She was determined to deliver more valuable programs, which required breaking the self-interested space-industrial cycle that, like the military, preferred to spend billions of taxpayer dollars on programs aimed to sustain jobs and contracts in key congressional districts. The result: more efficiency and greater progress.Including insider NASA conversations and insights on how the US space industry has been transformed to become the envy of the world and is ushering in a new space age, Escaping Gravity offers a blueprint for how to drive productive and meaningful change.Praise for Escaping Gravity“Former NASA official Lori Garver offers a front-row seat to the decades-long struggles within and among space bureaucrats and space billionaires. Bring popcorn, as you bear witness to an untold slice of space history.” —Neil deGrasse Tyson, Astrophysicist and author of Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier“We are living at the most exciting time in space exploration since the Apollo era, in part because the world’s largest space agency, NASA, got around to trying something new, the funding of commercial crews. Lori Garver tells it like it is . . . or was for a woman effecting change at NASA despite men of the military industrial complex—and their cost-plus contracts. It wasn’t rocket science, it was much harder than that. Don’t take my word(s) for it; read this book.” —Bill Nye, CEO, The Planetary Society“A scathing memoir that shows the ugly side of NASA while offering hope for a better future for the space agency.” —Kirkus Reviews
ESCOs Around the World: Lessons Learned in 49 Countries
by Shirley J. Hansen; Pierre Langlois; Paolo BertoldiThis book provides an insightful assessment of today's ESCO (energy services) industry around the world. Analyzing current trends, the volume discusses opportunities and problems of the ESCO industry in each country. It includes significant contributions by Pierre Langlois and Paolo Bertoldi. The author and contributors have reached into the far corners of the world to get trusted colleagues to tell the story of the energy services industry's development in their respective countries, and in their own words. Chapters cover selected countries from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, North America, South America, New Zealand and Australia, as well as the overall global picture.
Escribe el corazón de tu relato. Guía para crear una novela inolvidable.
by Nieves Cumbreras C. S. Lakin¡Aprende a escribir el corazón de tu novela! Este manual, repleto de trucos, es diferente a todos los demás. Hay novelistas que escriben para hacerse ricos, buscando la fama. Otros sólo quieren escribir novelas para sobrevivir, dar de comer a su familia y pagar las facturas. Otros escriben para desarrollar su creatividad y les da igual que alguien lea sus libros. Y hay otros escritores que quieren escribir una novela inolvidable, el tipo de libro que acaba convirtiéndose en un clásico, que trasciende el tiempo, que llega al corazón del lector y le cambia la vida. Si eres de los últimos, Escribe el corazón de tu novela es el libro que estabas esperando. En su interior encontrarás: -Los elementos fundamentales que han de aparecer en la primera escena de tu novela, incluso en el primer párrafo. -Cómo acceder al corazón de tu relato, de tus personajes, del escenario, de la trama y de los temas haciendo ejercicios específicos. -Cómo idear la trama, los temas, los motivos, el escenario y personajes ricos por medio de una serie de preguntas que te llevarán más allá de la superficie de la historia. -La pregunta más importante que tienes que responder en la primera escena para escribir una novela inolvidable. -Las tres preguntas que el personaje debe hacerse para que sea creíble y convincente. -El secreto para estructurar las escenas a partir del «momento culminante». No te conformes con una buena novela. Escribe una gran novela... ¡explorando el corazón de tu relato!
ESD
by Steven H. VoldmanA comprehensive and in-depth review of analog circuit layout, schematic architecture, device, power network and ESD designThis book will provide a balanced overview of analog circuit design layout, analog circuit schematic development, architecture of chips, and ESD design. It will start at an introductory level and will bring the reader right up to the state-of-the-art. Two critical design aspects for analog and power integrated circuits are combined. The first design aspect covers analog circuit design techniques to achieve the desired circuit performance. The second and main aspect presents the additional challenges associated with the design of adequate and effective ESD protection elements and schemes. A comprehensive list of practical application examples is used to demonstrate the successful combination of both techniques and any potential design trade-offs. Chapter One looks at analog design discipline, including layout and analog matching and analog layout design practices. Chapter Two discusses analog design with circuits, examining: single transistor amplifiers; multi-transistor amplifiers; active loads and more. The third chapter covers analog design layout (also MOSFET layout), before Chapters Four and Five discuss analog design synthesis. The next chapters introduce the reader to analog-digital mixed signal design synthesis, analog signal pin ESD networks, and analog ESD power clamps. Chapter Nine, the last chapter, covers ESD design in analog applications.Clearly describes analog design fundamentals (circuit fundamentals) as well as outlining the various ESD implicationsCovers a large breadth of subjects and technologies, such as CMOS, LDMOS, BCD, SOI, and thick body SOIEstablishes an "ESD analog design" discipline that distinguishes itself from the alternative ESD digital design focusFocuses on circuit and circuit design applicationsAssessible, with the artwork and tutorial style of the ESD book seriesPowerPoint slides are available for university faculty membersEven in the world of digital circuits, analog and power circuits are two very important but under-addressed topics, especially from the ESD aspect. Dr. Voldman's new book will serve as an essential and practical guide to the greater IC community. With high practical and academic values this book is a "bible" for professionals, graduate students, device and circuit designers for investigating the physics of ESD and for product designs and testing.
ESD: Analog Circuits and Design
by Steven H. VoldmanA comprehensive and in-depth review of analog circuit layout, schematic architecture, device, power network and ESD design This book will provide a balanced overview of analog circuit design layout, analog circuit schematic development, architecture of chips, and ESD design. It will start at an introductory level and will bring the reader right up to the state-of-the-art. Two critical design aspects for analog and power integrated circuits are combined. The first design aspect covers analog circuit design techniques to achieve the desired circuit performance. The second and main aspect presents the additional challenges associated with the design of adequate and effective ESD protection elements and schemes. A comprehensive list of practical application examples is used to demonstrate the successful combination of both techniques and any potential design trade-offs. Chapter One looks at analog design discipline, including layout and analog matching and analog layout design practices. Chapter Two discusses analog design with circuits, examining: single transistor amplifiers; multi-transistor amplifiers; active loads and more. The third chapter covers analog design layout (also MOSFET layout), before Chapters Four and Five discuss analog design synthesis. The next chapters introduce the reader to analog-digital mixed signal design synthesis, analog signal pin ESD networks, and analog ESD power clamps. Chapter Nine, the last chapter, covers ESD design in analog applications. Clearly describes analog design fundamentals (circuit fundamentals) as well as outlining the various ESD implications Covers a large breadth of subjects and technologies, such as CMOS, LDMOS, BCD, SOI, and thick body SOI Establishes an “ESD analog design” discipline that distinguishes itself from the alternative ESD digital design focus Focuses on circuit and circuit design applications Assessible, with the artwork and tutorial style of the ESD book series PowerPoint slides are available for university faculty members Even in the world of digital circuits, analog and power circuits are two very important but under-addressed topics, especially from the ESD aspect. Dr. Voldman’s new book will serve as an essential and practical guide to the greater IC community. With high practical and academic values this book is a “bible” for professionals, graduate students, device and circuit designers for investigating the physics of ESD and for product designs and testing.
ESD: Design and Synthesis
by Steven H. VoldmanElectrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to impact semiconductor components and systems as technologies scale from micro- to nano-electronics.This book studies electrical overstress, ESD, and latchup from a whole-chip ESD design synthesis approach. It provides a clear insight into the integration of ESD protection networks from a generalist perspective, followed by examples in specific technologies, circuits, and chips. Uniquely both the semiconductor chip integration issues and floorplanning of ESD networks are covered from a 'top-down' design approach.Look inside for extensive coverage on:integration of cores, power bussing, and signal pins in DRAM, SRAM, CMOS image processing chips, microprocessors, analog products, RF components and how the integration influences ESD design and integrationarchitecturing of mixed voltage, mixed signal, to RF design for ESD analysisfloorplanning for peripheral and core I/O designs, and the implications on ESD and latchupguard ring integration for both a 'bottom-up' and 'top-down' methodology addressing I/O guard rings, ESD guard rings, I/O to I/O, and I/O to coreclassification of ESD power clamps and ESD signal pin circuitry, and how to make the correct choice for a given semiconductor chipexamples of ESD design for the state-of-the-art technologies discussed, including CMOS, BiCMOS, silicon on insulator (SOI), bipolar technology, high voltage CMOS (HVCMOS), RF CMOS, and smart powerpractical methods for the understanding of ESD circuit power distribution, ground rule development, internal bus distribution, current path analysis, quality metricsESD: Design and Synthesis is a continuation of the author's series of books on ESD protection. It is an essential reference for: ESD, circuit, and semiconductor engineers; design synthesis team leaders; layout design, characterisation, floorplanning, test and reliability engineers; technicians; and groundrule and test site developers in the manufacturing and design of semiconductor chips.It is also useful for graduate and undergraduate students in electrical engineering, semiconductor sciences, and manufacturing sciences, and on courses involving the design of ESD devices, chips and systems. This book offers a useful insight into the issues that confront modern technology as we enter the nano-electronic era.
ESD Basics
by Steven H. VoldmanElectrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to impact semiconductor manufacturing, semiconductor components and systems, as technologies scale from micro- to nano electronics. This book introduces the fundamentals of ESD, electrical overstress (EOS), electromagnetic interference (EMI), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and latchup, as well as provides a coherent overview of the semiconductor manufacturing environment and the final system assembly. It provides an illuminating look into the integration of ESD protection networks followed by examples in specific technologies, circuits, and chips.The text is unique in covering semiconductor chip manufacturing issues, ESD semiconductor chip design, and system problems confronted today as well as the future of ESD phenomena and nano-technology.Look inside for extensive coverage on:The fundamentals of electrostatics, triboelectric charging, and how they relate to present day manufacturing environments of micro-electronics to nano-technology Semiconductor manufacturing handling and auditing processing to avoid ESD failures ESD, EOS, EMI, EMC, and latchup semiconductor component and system level testing to demonstrate product resilience from human body model (HBM), transmission line pulse (TLP), charged device model (CDM), human metal model (HMM), cable discharge events (CDE), to system level IEC 61000-4-2 testsESD on-chip design and process manufacturing practices and solutions to improve ESD semiconductor chip solutions, also practical off-chip ESD protection and system level solutions to provide more robust systemsSystem level concerns in servers, laptops, disk drives, cell phones, digital cameras, hand held devices, automobiles, and space applicationsExamples of ESD design for state-of-the-art technologies, including CMOS, BiCMOS, SOI, bipolar technology, high voltage CMOS (HVCMOS), RF CMOS, smart power, magnetic recording technology, micro-machines (MEMs) to nano-structuresESD Basics: From Semiconductor Manufacturing to Product Use complements the author's series of books on ESD protection. For those new to the field, it is an essential reference and a useful insight into the issues that confront modern technology as we enter the Nano-electronic Era.
The ESD Control Program Handbook (Wiley - IEEE)
by Jeremy M. SmallwoodProvides the understanding and practical skills needed to develop and maintain an effective ESD control program for manufacturing, storage, and handling of ESD sensitive components This essential guide to ESD control programs explains the principles and practice of ESD control in an easily accessible way whilst also providing more depth and a wealth of references for those who want to gain a deeper knowledge of the subject. It describes static electricity and ESD principles such as triboelectrification, electrostatic fields, and induced voltages, with the minimum of theory or mathematics. It is designed for the reader to "dip into" as required, rather than need to read cover to cover. The ESD Control Program Handbook begins with definitions and commonly used terminology, followed by the principles of static electricity and ESD control. Chapter 3 discusses ESD susceptible electronic devices, and how ESD susceptibility of a component is measured. This is followed by the “Seven habits of a highly effective ESD program”, explaining the essential activities of an effective ESD control program. While most texts mainly address manual handling of ESD susceptible devices, Chapter 5 extends the discussion to ESD control in automated systems, processes and handling, which form a major part of modern electronic manufacture. Chapter 6 deals with requirements for compliance given by the IEC 61340-5-1 and ANSI/ESD S20.20 ESD control standards. Chapter 7 gives an overview of the selection, use, care and maintenance of equipment and furniture commonly used to control ESD risks. The chapter explains how these often work together as part of a system and must be specified with that in mind. ESD protective packaging is available in an extraordinary range of forms from bags, boxes and bubble wrap to tape and reel packaging for automated processes. The principles and practice of this widely misunderstood area of ESD control are introduced in Chapter 8. The thorny question of how to evaluate an ESD control program is addressed in Chapter 9 with a goal of compliance with a standard as well as effective control of ESD risks and possible customer perceptions. Whilst evaluating an existing ESD control program provides challenges, developing an ESD control program from scratch provides others. Chapter 10 gives an approach to this. Standard test methods used in compliance with ESD control standards are explained and simple test procedures given in Chapter 11. ESD Training has long been recognised as essential in maintaining effective ESD control. Chapter 12 discusses ways of covering essential topics and how to demonstrate static electricity in action. The book ends with a look at where ESD control may go in the near future. The ESD Control Program Handbook: Gives readers a sound understanding of the subject to analyze the ESD control requirements of manufacturing processes, and develop an effective ESD control program Provides practical knowledge, as well as sufficient theory and background to understand the principles of ESD control Teaches how to track and identify how ESD risks arise, and how to identify fitting means for minimizing or eliminating them Emphasizes working with modern ESD control program standards IEC 61340-5-1 and ESD S20:20 The ESD Control Program Handbook is an invaluable reference for anyone tasked with setting up, evaluating, or maintaining an effective ESD control program, training personnel, or making ESD control related measurements. It would form an excellent basis for a University course on the subject as well as a guide and resource for industry professionals.
ESD Design for Analog Circuits
by Vladislav A. Vashchenko Andrei ShibkovThis book is on high voltage and system level circuit design. It covers many challenging ESD topics related to analog circuit design for both ESD device and ESD circuits at the network level. Included is extensive discussion of analog design for DC-DC buck/boost converters, level shifters, digital-analog converters, high speed and precision power amplifiers, and system level cable specs for interface applications.