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Ethical Ripples of Creativity and Innovation
by Seana MoranIf we are going to promote creativity as an ideal to strive toward, shouldn't we make sure we also instil ethical anticipation so our creative contributions produce a better world rather than chaos and waste? Creativity drives cultural development. We all, directly or indirectly, collaborate in the creation of culture, and we are jointly responsible for the way that culture develops. The goals and decisions we make as both creators and adopters pave pathways into the future for us all. <P><P> Instead of merely reflecting on past events, Ethical Ripples of Creativity and Innovation educates for 'proflection'—through cases that present what-might-be scenarios for creative contributions that are emerging into mainstream culture, stimulating real-time thinking about creativity-in-action.. This book offers the opportunity to strengthen ethical anticipation by considering the possibilities streaming from current creative offerings that affect our bodies, emotions, selves, and social interactions.
Ethical Sourcing in the Global Food System: Fair Trade And The Environment
by Stephanie BarrientosEthical sourcing, both through fair trade and ethical trade, is increasingly entering the mainstream of food retailing. Large supermarkets have come under pressure to improve the returns to small producers and conditions of employment within their supply chains. But how effective is ethical sourcing? Can it genuinely address the problems facing workers and producers in the global food system? Is it a new form of northern protectionism or can southern initiatives be developed to create a more sustainable approach to ethical sourcing? How can the rights and participation of workers and small producers be enhanced, given the power and dominance of large supermarkets within the global food chain? What role can civil society and multistakeholder initiatives play in ensuring the effectiveness of ethical sourcing? This book brings together a range of academics and practitioners working on issues of ethical sourcing in the global food system. It critically explores the opportunities and challenges in the ethical sourcing of food by combining analysis and case studies that examine a range of approaches. It explores whether ethical sourcing is a cosmetic northern initiative, or can genuinely help to improve the conditions of small producers and workers in the current global food system.
Ethical Tech Startup Guide (Synthesis Lectures on Professionalism and Career Advancement for Scientists and Engineers)
by Ron BaeckerThis book draws on almost five decades of entrepreneurial experience and innovation and offers a broad perspective on ethical tech startups. It approaches the subject on two fronts by considering both the business of ethical technology as well as the challenges of tech startups with an imperative to behave ethically. The book provides readers with the tools to ethically frame and construct their startup ventures whether or not their core business is rooted in a technology meant to serve a social good. Incorporating ethical business practices both in knowledge and action, this book leads readers through the process of shaping an incipient startup idea all the way through the long-term operating stages. Using real-world case studies, the book explores key factors in successfully planning, framing, launching, leading, managing, and financing startups. This book is essential reading for researchers, academics, and students as well as industry professionals who have an idea or technology they want to get out into the world. Whether readers are seasoned in the field, employees of existing startups looking for better approaches, or new idealistic innovators who want to learn where to start, this guidebook explains and explores the road to launching the next great ethical tech startup.
Ethical Tensions from New Technology: The Case Of Agricultural Biotechnology (Plant Science / Horticulture Ser. #6)
by Jr. Harvey S. JamesThe introduction of new technologies can be controversial, especially when they create ethical tensions as well as winners and losers among stakeholders and interest groups. While ethical tensions resulting from the genetic modification of crops and plants and their supportive gene technologies have been apparent for decades, persistent challenges remain. This book explores the contemporary nature, type, extent and implications of ethical tensions resulting from agricultural biotechnology specifically and technology generally. There are four main arenas of ethical tensions: public opinion, policy and regulation, technology as solutions to problems, and older versus new technologies. Contributions focus on one or more of these arenas by identifying the ethical tensions technology creates and articulating emerging fault lines and, where possible, viable solutions.
Ethical Water Stewardship (Water Security in a New World)
by Ingrid Leman Stefanovic Zafar AdeelThis interdisciplinary book brings philosophers and non-philosophers to the table to address questions of water ethics, specifically in terms of how moral questions inform decision making around water security at local, national, and international scales.Water security, which pertains to the experience of assured access to clean water, is a broad concept that intersects human rights, politics, economics, law, legislation, public health, trade, agriculture, and energy. Decisions made at each of these intersection points have ramifications for human well being, especially for the populations that are marginalized in a societal and political sense. In this book, the ethical dimensions of decision-making at those intersection points are explored, and real-world examples are used to tease out some key insights. It charts how ethical consideration can help shape a future in which everyone will be water secure.
Ethical and Legal Aspects of Computing: A Professional Perspective from Software Engineering (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)
by Gerard O'ReganThis textbook presents an overview of the critically important ethical and legal issues that arise in the computing field and provides a professional perspective from software engineering. The author gained exposure to these aspects of computing while working as a software engineer at Motorola in Ireland, where he coordinated the patent programme and worked with several software suppliers. Topics and features: Presents a broad overview of ethics and the lawIncludes key learning topics, summaries, and review questions in each chapter, together with a useful glossaryDiscusses the professional responsibility of computer professionalsExplores ethics in various civilisations and religious traditionsDiscusses ethical software engineering and ethical outsourcingConsiders what is fair and ethical in data scienceDescribes ethical challenges that arise in social media and the AI fieldReviews intellectual property including patents, copyright and trademarks This practical and easy-to-follow textbook/reference is ideal for computer science students seeking to understand legal and ethical aspects of computing. The text also serves as a concise self-study primer for software engineers and software managers.
Ethical and Legal Dilemmas of Artificial Intelligence in Latin America
by David Ramírez Plascencia Rosa María Alonzo GonzálezThis book analyzes the potential benefits of using artificial intelligence to surpass traditional social and economic problems in Latin America, but it also looks to understand the perils and barriers derived from the adoption of this technology. This volume is divided in Section 1. &“Considering AI in the private sphere&” that debates about the employment of artificial intelligence from the citizen&’s perspective. It embraces topics related with the introduction of AI in the media and the labor market, and how Latin Americans perceive, engage and mobilize before the rising presence of AI in their daily lives. Section 2. Challenges and promises of AI in the public sector centers on the ethical and legal controversies triggered by the incorporation of artificial intelligence in the public sphere. It focuses on the promising benefits of introducing AI in the public administration, education and public security, but also the latent impacts on human rights.
Ethics and Artificial Intelligence: Towards a Moral Technology (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #519)
by Domenico Marino Daniele Cananzi Filippo AragonaIt is a book made up of questions, some without certain answers, that attempts to open the reader's mind to new and, perhaps, futuristic scenarios. There are two diametrically opposed approaches to artificial intelligence today. On the one hand, there are the techno-pessimists who see only dystopian scenarios and experience technological progress with apprehension, emphasising the dangers, and on the other hand, there are the techno-optimists who, on the other hand, tend to overestimate the positive effects, going so far as to attribute almost thaumaturgic virtues to technological progress. Our approach is meant to be secular and scientific; the risks must not be concealed, nor must they be overestimated, just as the positive aspects must not be emphasised. And, in any case, as in any social phenomenon, the governance of processes and the definition of a system of rules and policies are the aspects that can create advantages or disadvantages and, above all, can determine who are the beneficiaries of the advantages and who have to bear the disadvantages. Like any new technology, this too can be dehumanising, but technology is a tool that depends on how it is used and by whom it is used. that of ethics is, therefore, a fundamental aspect. Therefore, one should neither be a techno-optimist nor a techno-pessimist, but should be aware that governing the economic and social structural changes that the advent of artificial intelligence will cause will be crucial to ensure prosperity for future generations and to avoid negative and even apocalyptic scenarios. So no futurist dystopias! Humanity has so far always been able to govern technological progress, it certainly has the potential to govern what some have called 'the Final Invention', but it will only succeed if it is able to understand the peculiarities of this new process of technological development and give it ethical content.The book provides a thoughtful review of the relationship between artificial intelligenceand ethics, approaching the issue from different perspectives: philosophical, technological, economic and legal. This will be one of the most important issues that Humanity will have to face and resolve.
Ethics and Autonomous Weapons
by Alex LeveringhausThis book is amongst the first academic treatments of theemerging debate on autonomous weapons. Autonomous weapons are capable, onceprogrammed, of searching for and engaging a target without direct interventionby a human operator. Critics of these weapons claim that 'taking the humanout-of-the-loop' represents a further step towards the de-humanisation ofwarfare, while advocates of this type of technology contend that the power ofmachine autonomy can potentially be harnessed in order to prevent war crimes. This book provides a thorough and critical assessment of these two positions. Written by a political philosopher at the forefront of the autonomous weaponsdebate, the book clearly assesses the ethical and legal ramifications ofautonomous weapons, and presents a novel ethical argument against fullyautonomous weapons.
Ethics and Educational Technology: Reflection, Interrogation, and Design as a Framework for Practice
by Stephanie L. Moore Heather K. Tillberg-WebbEthics and Educational Technology explores the creation and implementation of learning technologies through an applied ethical lens. The success of digital tools and platforms in today’s multi-faceted learning and performance contexts is dependent not only on effective design and pedagogical principles but, further, on an awareness of these technologies’ interactions with and implications for users and social systems. This first-of-its-kind book provides an evidence-based, process-oriented model for ethics in technology-driven instructional design and development, one that necessitates intentional reflective practice, a critical and theoretically informed interrogation of technology, and a participatory approach to technology design and applications. Rich with real-world ethics examples and design cases, supported by reflection questions and applied activities, and attentive to ethical codes among preeminent educational technology organizations, this is an ideal resource for students, faculty, researchers, and professionals across educational technology, instructional design, learning sciences, learning engineering, organizational training, and other disciplines.
Ethics and Governance in Project Management: Small Sins Allowed and the Line of Impunity (Best Practices in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management #26)
by Eduardo Victor Lopez Alicia MedinaThis book shows executive, project, program, and portfolio managers how ethical behavior can ensure that an organization has proper governance. Improper governance and unethical behavior have led to such well-known financial disasters as Enron and Madoff Investments. The book arms managers with two important tools: Small Sins Allowed (SSA) and Line of Impunity (LoI), which together can be the foundation for renewed and vigorous corporate governance. SSA is a powerful tool that helps managers establish a level above which adherence to ethical standards is expected. LoI aids managers in identifying ethical fault lines that may exist in a company and helps to keep unethical behavior in check.
Ethics and Human Behaviour in ICT Development: International Case Studies with a Focus on Poland
by Marion Hersh Józef B. LewocEthics and Human Behaviour in ICT Development discusses ethics in a professional context and encourages readers to self-assessment of their own behaviour. It provides thought-provoking accounts of the little-known early history of technological development in information and communication technology (ICT) and the automation industry in Poland, with a focus on Wroclaw. The book provides a framework for understanding the relationship between ethics and behaviour, and analyses critically ethical and behavioural issues in challenging workplaces and social contexts. It includes:case studies from around the world, especially Poland, which illustrate the relationships between human behaviour and ethics;biographies of successful Polish ICT and automation leading designers;analysis of case studies of human behaviour and ethics in challenging industrial development and other environments; andillustrative practical applications alongside the theory of human behaviour and ethics. The authors demonstrate the ingenuity of the early Polish designers, programmers and other specialists in overcoming the shortage of components caused by import embargoes to enable Poland to develop its own computer industry. An example of this is Elwro, formerly the largest manufacturer of computers in Poland. The discussion of its growth illustrates the potential of human creativity to overcome problems. The discussion of its fall highlights the importance of ethical approaches to technology transfer and the dangers of a colonialist mentality. The book is designed for engineers, computer scientists, researchers and professionals alike, as well as being of interest for those broadly concerned with ethics and human behaviour.
Ethics and Responsible Research and Innovation in Practice: The ETHNA System Project (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13875)
by Luis M. Camarinha-Matos Ramón A. Feenstra Elsa González-EstebanThis Open Access book aims to present practical contributions to the ethics governance framework, the conceptualization and characteristics of ethics tools, as well as the experience gained from their application in different institutions.Its main objective is to provide a practical and useful guide that will help other institutions to start introducing Research Ethics effectively in their organizations. The European initiative ETHNA System has designed an ethics governance framework that can be implemented following specific guidelines and tools that can help different types of institutions to promote and generate responsible research and innovation.The papers included in this book were organized in topical sections as follows: foundations; experiences and lessons learned; ethics tools in practice; and looking into the future: main challenges.
Ethics and Sustainable Agriculture: Bridging the Ecological Gaps
by Fabio CaporaliThis book describes the alarming condition of agriculture in the Anthropocene, when the ethical conception of agriculture as a service of common utility for both society and environment has progressively been marginalized. The ethical utility of agriculture has been sidetracked with the increasing industrialisation of society, the involvement of agriculture in the business-as-usual economy, and the consequential environmental and societal impacts it has had. Thus, re-establishing a meaningful bridge between ethics and agriculture is necessary. A relatively new science (ecology) with both a new epistemological tool (that of the ecosystem concept), and a unique narrative of sustainable development, can help bridge this gap. This book focuses on ethics as a lever for raising scientific, technical, social, economic and political solutions to adopt in agriculture as a model of symbiotic relationships between man and nature. It provides a detailed discussion of the ecological intensification practices in order to maximize ecological and ethical services, wherein agroecosystems will follow.
Ethics for Bioengineering Scientists: Treating Data as Clients
by Howard WinetThis book introduces bioengineers and students who must generate and/or report scientific data to the ethical challenges they will face in preserving the integrity of their data. It provides the perspective of reaching ethical decisions via pathways that treat data as clients, to whom bioengineering scientists owe a responsibility that is an existential component of their professional identity. The initial chapters lay a historical, biological and philosophical foundation for ethics as a human activity, and data as a foundation of science. The middle chapters explore ethical challenges in lay, engineering, medical and bioengineering scientist settings. These chapters focus on microethics (individual behavior) and cases that showcase the consequences of violating data integrity. Macroethics (policy) is dealt with in the Enrichment sections at the end of the chapters, with essay problems and subjects for debates (in a classroom setting). The book can be used for individual study, using links in the Enrichment sections to access cases and media presentations like PBS’ "Ethics in America". The final chapters explore the impact of bioengineering science ethics on patients via medical product development, its regulation by the FDA, and the contribution of data integrity violation to product failure. The book was developed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in bioengineering. It also contains much needed material that researchers and academics would find valuable (e.g., FDA survey and lab animal research justification). This book Introduces an approach to ethical decision-making based on treating data as clients Compares the ethics of three professions; engineering, medicine, and bioengineering Provides five moral theories to choose from for evaluating ethical decisions, and includes a procedure for applying them to moral analysis, and application of the procedure to example cases Examines core concepts, like autonomy, confidentiality, conflict of interest, and justice Explains the process of developing a medical product under FDA regulation Explores the role of lawyers and the judiciary in product development, including intellectual property protection Examines a range of ethical cases, from the historical Tuskegee autonomy case to the modern CRISPR-Cas9 patent case. Howard Winet, PhD is an Adjunct Professor recall, Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering at University of California, Los Angeles.
Ethics for Biomedical Engineers
by Jong Yong Foo Andrew P. Bradley Dennis Kwok-Wing Tam Stephen J. Wilson Winston GweeOver the last few decades, there are increasing public awareness of adverse events involving engineering failures that not only led to monetary losses but also more importantly, human injuries and deaths. Whilst it is vital for an engineering professional or student to acquire the necessary technical knowledge and skills in their respective field, they must also understand the ethical essences that are relevant to their profession. Engineering professionals like biomedical engineers, need to appreciate the fundamentals of best practices and recognise how any derivation from such practices can have undesirable impacts on human lives. Through this book, it is hoped that readers would draw the relevance between the study of ethics and biomedical engineering. The book would be a useful source and reference for college-level and university-level students. Moreover, the contents are written so as to also provide valuable insights even for existing biomedical engineers and those enrolled in continual engineering education programs.
Ethics for Engineers: A Brief Introduction
by Anthony F. BainbridgeThis book is a key introduction to ethics in engineering, providing professionals at all stages of their career with guidance on navigating the increasingly complex world of practising engineering ethically on an international scale.Engineering professionals face a duty to uphold reliable and trustworthy behaviour when working across all disciplines and industries. Accuracy and rigour are essential parts of the modern workplace, and are increasingly of concern to practising engineers. Using case studies to highlight examples of issues within the workplace and how these can be appropriately handled, this book is an accessible tool through which engineers can gain confidence in dealing with ethical dilemmas in the workplace. Touching upon safety, risk, artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and intellectual property, alongside sustainability and environmental matters, the book focuses on hot topics which are fast becoming day-to-day issues dealt with by engineers.The book will be suitable for engineers of all disciplines, alongside students looking to become professional chartered engineers.
Ethics for the Built Environment
by Peter FewingsPraise for Construction Project Management by Peter Fewings: "The complexity of the subject matter has at least been reinforced in an informative document with a large helping of common sense ... written in a comprehensive and well structured manner." Building Engineer Magazine Ethics are not an optional extra for the professional in the built environment sector. Whether you're a civil engineer, an architect or a construction project manager, an understanding of the ethical context of your work is an institutional requirement and a commercial demand, not to mention a matter of personal pride. Sometimes, as a construction professional you will be faced with complicated dilemmas, as commercial responsibilities clash with health and safety, environmental or competition concerns. Peter Fewings brings together practical construction project management experience with ethical theory to establish how best to deal with difficult issues.
Ethics in Artificial Intelligence: Bias, Fairness and Beyond (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1123)
by Animesh Mukherjee Juhi Kulshrestha Abhijnan Chakraborty Srijan KumarThis book is a collection of chapters in the newly developing area of ethics in artificial intelligence. The book comprises chapters written by leading experts in this area which makes it a one of its kind collections. Some key features of the book are its unique combination of chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects of integrating ethics into artificial intelligence. The book touches upon all the important concepts in this area including bias, discrimination, fairness, and interpretability. Integral components can be broadly divided into two segments – the first segment includes empirical identification of biases, discrimination, and the ethical concerns thereof in impact assessment, advertising and personalization, computational social science, and information retrieval. The second segment includes operationalizing the notions of fairness, identifying the importance of fairness in allocation, clustering and time series problems, and applications of fairness in software testing/debugging and in multi stakeholder platforms. This segment ends with a chapter on interpretability of machine learning models which is another very important and emerging topic in this area.
Ethics in Computing, Science, and Engineering: A Student’s Guide to Doing Things Right
by Barry G. BlundellThis comprehensive textbook introduces students to the wide-ranging responsibilities of computing, science and engineering professionals by laying strong transdisciplinary foundations and by highlighting ethical issues that may arise during their careers. The work is well illustrated, and makes extensive use of both activities, and ethical dilemmas which are designed to stimulate reader engagement. A number of memorable case studies are also included and frequently draw on the demanding aerospace industry. The book adopts a strongly human centric approach, with matters such as privacy erosion and censorship being viewed not only in their current context but also in terms of their ongoing evolution. What are our individual ethical responsibilities for ensuring that we do not develop for future generations a technological leviathan with the potential to create a dystopian world? A broad range of technologies and techniques are introduced and are examined within an ethical framework. These include biometrics, surveillance systems (including facial recognition), radio frequency identification devices, drone technologies, the Internet of Things, and robotic systems. The application and potential societal ramifications of such systems are examined in some detail and this is intended to support the reader in gaining a clear insight into our current direction of travel. Importantly, the author asks whether we can afford to allow ongoing developments to be primarily driven by market forces, or whether a more cautious approach is needed. Further chapters examine the benefits that are associated with ethical leadership, environmental issues relating to the technology product lifecycle (from inception to e-waste), ethical considerations in research (including medical experimentation involving both humans and animals), and the need to develop educational programs which will better prepare students for the needs of a much more fluid employment landscape. The final chapter introduces a structured approach to ethical issue resolution, providing a valuable, long-term source of reference. In addition it emphasises the ethical responsibilities of the professional, and considers issues that can arise when we endeavour to effect ethically sound change within organisations. Examples are provided which highlight the possible ramifications of exercising ethical valour. The author has thus created an extensively referenced textbook that catalyses student interest, is internationally relevant, and which is multicultural in both its scope and outlook.
Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research
by Caroline WhitbeckThe first edition of Caroline Whitbeck's Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research focused on the difficult ethical problems engineers encounter in their practice and in research. In many ways, these problems are like design problems: they are complex, often ill defined; resolving them involves an iterative process of analysis and synthesis; and there can be more than one acceptable solution. In the second edition of this text, Dr Whitbeck goes above and beyond by featuring more real-life problems, stating recent scenarios and laying the foundation of ethical concepts and reasoning. This book offers a real-world, problem-centered approach to engineering ethics, using a rich collection of open-ended case studies to develop skill in recognizing and addressing ethical issues.
Ethics in Everyday Places: Mapping Moral Stress, Distress, and Injury (Basic Bioethics)
by Tom KochAn exploration of moral stress, distress, and injuries inherent in modern society through the maps that pervade academic and public communications worlds.In Ethics in Everyday Places, ethicist and geographer Tom Koch considers what happens when, as he puts it, “you do everything right but know you've done something wrong." The resulting moral stress and injury, he argues, are pervasive in modern Western society. Koch makes his argument "from the ground up," from the perspective of average persons, and through a revealing series of maps in which issues of ethics and morality are embedded.The book begins with a general grounding in both moral stress and mapping as a means of investigation. The author then examines the ethical dilemmas of mapmakers and others in the popular media and the sciences, including graphic artists, journalists, researchers, and social scientists. Koch expands from the particular to the general, from mapmaker and journalist to the readers of maps and news. He explores the moral stress and injury in educational funding, poverty, and income inequality ("Why aren't we angry that one in eight fellow citizens lives in federally certified poverty?"), transportation modeling (seen in the iconic map of the London transit system and the hidden realities of exclusion), and U.S. graft organ transplantation.This uniquely interdisciplinary work rewrites our understanding of the nature of moral stress, distress and injury, and ethics in modern life. Written accessibly and engagingly, it transforms how we think of ethics—personal and professional—amid the often conflicting moral injunctions across modern society.Copublished with Esri Press
Ethics in Human-like Robots
by Kamil MamakThe idea of creating artificial humans can be found at the beginning of the human culture. Ancient myths contain the stories of artificial humans brought to life by gods. The word robot originates from a play that was about artificial humans made from artificial flesh that aims to serve real humans. With advancements in robotics, the materialization of this idea is more real than ever before. We are witnessing attempts to create humanoid robots that might be deployed in many spheres of our life - policing, healthcare, and even for love and sex.The book focuses on the ethical issues of human likeness of robots and human tendency to anthropomorphize. It is built on the assumption that design choices are not neutral, and they need to be discussed to align robots with human values. With robots operating in the physical world, they bring ideas and risks that should be addressed before widespread deployment. The book reviews specific issues and provides suggestions and recommendations for improving robots to serve humans better. It draws on literature from Human-Robot Interactions, ethics of AI and robotics, and the philosophy of technology.
Ethics in Information Technology: A Practical Guide (Cognitive Approaches in Cloud and Edge Computing.)
by G. K. Awari Sarvesh V. WarjurkarThis reference text introduces concepts of computer and Internet crime, ethics in information technology, and privacy techniques. It comprehensively covers important topics including ethical consideration in decision making, security attacks, identification of theft, strategies for consumer profiling, types of intellectual property rights, issues related to intellectual property, process and product quality, software quality assurance techniques, elements of an ethical organization, telemedicine, and electronic health records. This book will serve as a useful text for senior undergraduate and graduate students in interdisciplinary areas including computer science, information technology, electronics and communications engineering, and electrical engineering.
Ethics in Management and Business (Management and Industrial Engineering)
by Carolina MachadoThis book explores ethical decision-making within the business landscape. Covering key facets such as ethical dilemmas, organizational culture, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), the text delves into strategies for implementation, social impact measurement, and challenges and benefits. Transparency and accountability mechanisms are discussed alongside the role of leadership in promoting ethics and maintaining an ethical organizational culture. The importance of diversity and inclusion, compliance, and ethical governance are highlighted, providing insights into strategies for promotion and the impact on financial performance. The book also navigates through ethical challenges in the supply chain, responsible innovation, digital ethics, and privacy. Additionally, readers gain valuable perspectives on facing ethical challenges, the role of leadership in crises, and the impact of ethics on financial results. Case studies in specific sectors, including technology, health care, and finance, offer practical insights into ethical practices and strategies to promote ethics within diverse industries. This book serves as an essential guide for individuals and organizations committed to navigating the complex landscape of ethical decision-making in the business world.