- Table View
- List View
Ethics on the Laboratory Floor
by Simone van der Burg Tsjalling SwierstraThis volume unites ethicists and social scientists to contribute to a new type of technology ethics. Cooperation with scientists makes it possible to anticipate ethical questions and problems at a stage when the technology can still be changed.
Ethics, Politics, and Whistleblowing in Engineering
by Nicholas Sakellariou Rania MilleronThe aim of this book is to generate a strong operational ethic in the work of engineers from all disciplines. It provides numerous examples of engineers who sought to meet the highest ethical standards, risking both professional and personal retaliations. In short, it presents the fields of engineering ethics in the context of actual conflict situations on the job, and points to an urgent need for a strong ethical framework for the profession. This book is about engineering students and practitioners truly understanding, valuing, and championing their wider critical role. Ralph Nader, the consumer advocate and champion of engineers, wrote the preface. <li>Presents various viewpoints which hail from a wide variety of disciplines in the engineering, science, and technology communities. <li>Includes a mix of historical and contemporary examples, a list of relevant television series and documentaries for engineers, as well as links to informative websites for practicing engineers and engineering students. <li>Examines engineering professionalism as related to the imperative of sustainable development. <li>Provides numerous examples of corporate whistleblowing and ethical dilemmas in engineering. <li>Includes a foreword written by consumer advocate Ralph Nader.
Ethics, Tools and the Engineer (Technology Management Series)
by Raymond SpierModern society faces two problems: the development of acceptable methods for the introduction of new and powerful tools and the need for a trustworthy, universally applicable ethical system. Part of the problem may be attributed to the lack of a reliable system of ethics that can be brought to bear on the issues of new biotechnology, information te
Ethik in den Ingenieurwissenschaften: Eine Annäherung
by Uta Breuer Dieter D. GenskeDie Ingenieurwissenschaften tragen wesentlich zur Gestaltung unserer Zukunft bei. Umso mehr überrascht es, dass ethische Fragen in ingenieurwissenschaftliche Curricula kaum einfließen. Auch praktizierenden Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieuren bleibt die Thematik zumeist fremd. In dieser Edition wird der ethische Anspruch der Ingenieurwissenschaften historisch aufgearbeitet, neu definiert und an aktuellen Beispielen wie dem Dieselskandal, der Klimakrise, den Suchmaschinen und sozialen Netzwerken, der künstlichen Intelligenz und der Covid19-Pandemie verdeutlicht. Dabei sollen sowohl Studierende als auch Praktizierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften angesprochen werden
Ethnic Fermented Foods and Beverages of India: Science History and Culture
by Jyoti Prakash TamangThis book provides detailed information on the various ethnic fermented foods and beverages of India. India is home to a diverse food culture comprising fermented and non-fermented ethnic foods and alcoholic beverages. More than 350 different types of familiar, less-familiar and rare ethnic fermented foods and alcoholic beverages are traditionally prepared by the country’s diverse ethnic groups, and include alcoholic, milk, vegetable, bamboo, legume, meat, fish, and cereal based beverages. Most of the Indian ethnic fermented foods are naturally fermented, whereas the majority of the alcoholic beverages have been prepared using dry starter culture and the ‘back-sloping’ method for the past 6,000 years. A broad range of culturable and unculturable microbiomes and mycobiomes are associated with the fermentation and production of ethnic foods and alcoholic drinks in India. The book begins with detailed chapters on various aspects including food habits, dietary culture, and the history, microbiology and health benefits of fermented Indian food and beverages. Subsequent chapters describe unique and region-specific ethnic fermented foods and beverages from all 28 states and 9 union territories. In turn the classification of various ethnic fermented foods and beverages, their traditional methods of preparation, culinary practices and mode of consumption, socio-economy, ethnic values, microbiology, food safety, nutritional value, and process optimization in some foods are discussed in details with original pictures. In closing, the book addresses the medicinal properties of the fermented food products and their health benefits, together with corresponding safety regulations.
Ethnic Minorities
by Jan Pieter van Oudenhoven Tineke M. WillemsenThis book presents an overview of the contribution social psychology may offer to the issue of interethnic relations. It comprises three approaches: social psychological theory; description of interethnic relationships in real life settings; and the application of theories to reduce discrimination.
The Ethnography of Rhythm: Orality and Its Technologies (Verbal Arts: Studies in Poetics)
by Haun SaussyWinner of the Modern Language Association's Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Comparative Literary StudiesWho speaks? The author as producer, the contingency of the text, intertextuality, the “device”—core ideas of modern literary theory—were all pioneered in the shadow of oral literature. Authorless, loosely dated, and variable, oral texts have always posed a challenge to critical interpretation. When it began to be thought that culturally significant texts—starting with Homer and the Bible—had emerged from an oral tradition, assumptions on how to read these texts were greatly perturbed. Through readings that range from ancient Greece, Rome, and China to the Cold War imaginary, The Ethnography of Rhythm situates the study of oral traditions in the contentious space of nineteenth- and twentieth-century thinking about language, mind, and culture. It also demonstrates the role of technologies in framing this category of poetic creation. By making possible a new understanding of Maussian “techniques of the body” as belonging to the domain of Derridean “arche-writing,” Haun Saussy shows how oral tradition is a means of inscription in its own right, rather than an antecedent made obsolete by the written word or other media and data-storage devices.
Ethnopharmacology and Drug Discovery for COVID-19: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents from Herbal Medicines and Natural Products
by Jen-Tsung ChenThis book presents a complete overview of COVID-19 and provides a series of in-depth analyses of the literature and a comprehensive discussion and perspectives on promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents based on the system of ethnopharmacology, which covers Chinese medicine, traditional medicines of India and Africa, Turkish folk medicine, essential oils, and some well-known medicinal plants. In this book, the current status of therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 was summarized and a perspective of potential options for the future was proposed. Based on ethnopharmacology, some well-established traditional herbal formulations and bioactive compounds with anti-virus activity were repurposed for managing COVID-19 and post-illness, including neurological disorders and kidney illness. Using drug discovery tools, promising immune enhancers were explored from phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2. Nutraceuticals from dietary plants, spices, and fruits with anti-virus and antioxidant activities were recommended to prevent infection or severe illness caused by emerging variants. With the aid of systems pharmacology, researchers have gained insights into possible molecular mechanisms of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and have predicted a range of candidate compounds from medicinal plants to combat COVID-19. This book explores the current knowledge of drug discovery and ethnopharmacology for managing coronavirus diseases. The content proved the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity from natural products and traditional herbal medicines. It contributes to the management of global public health and fits the goal of establishing “Good Health and Well-Being,” which is one of “The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030".
Ethnoveterinary Medicine: Present and Future Concepts
by Lyndy J. McGaw Muna Ali AbdallaThe importance of a complementary approach to animal health is highlighted in this book, with core themes encompassing reviews of traditional veterinary medicine for common diseases afflicting livestock, as well as local practices in different areas of the world. The book includes chapters on ethnoveterinary medicine used to prevent and treat ticks and tick-borne diseases, infectious diseases and parasites. Ethnoveterinary practices in parts of the world which have not been comprehensively reviewed before are highlighted, including Estonia, Belarus and the Maghreb - the north-western tip of Africa. A fascinating account of African ethnoveterinary medicine and traditional husbandry practices is provided by a veteran in the field with a wealth of practical experience in the area. Neglected areas of research involve the relationship of ethnoveterinary medicine with environmental, ethical, cultural and gender aspects, and leading experts explore these issues.The book is intended to provide an informative compilation of current research and future prospects in ethnoveterinary medicine, which hopes to inform and encourage investigations in new directions. Sustainable development requires a concerted effort to combine indigenous knowledge systems with scientific research to improve animal health. This is the case not only in rural areas where access to orthodox veterinary health care may be limited, but also against the backdrop of antibiotic resistance and increased demand for alternative and complementary therapies to enhance the health of both production and companion animals. Students, academics and veterinary professionals will find this book a useful addition to knowledge on present and future aspects of ethnoveterinary research.
Ethohydraulik
by Beate Adam Boris LehmannUm Fließgewässer den Nutzungsansprüchen des Menschen anzupassen, sind unzählige Baumaßnahmen erforderlich. Um die Auswirkungen wasserbaulicher Aktivitäten auf die in Fließgewässern lebenden Tiere zu untersuchen, wurde die Ethohydraulik entwickelt. Sie beruht auf der Ethologie (Erforschung des Verhaltens von Tieren) und der Hydraulik (Lehre von den bewegten Flüssigkeiten). Die Autoren stellen die Grundlagen dieser Wissenschaftsdisziplin dar und liefern Regeln sowie Grenz- und Bemessungswerte für die wasserbauliche Praxis.
Etiology and Integrated Management of Economically Important Fungal Diseases of Ornamental Palms (Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection #16)
by Imran Ul Haq Siddra IjazPalms are monocots, Angiosperms, belonging to the family Palmae (Arecaceae), perennials having woody stems. Palmae (Arecaceae) family comprised of about six subfamilies, 200 genera and 2,700 species that are distributed all over the tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean landscape. Palms are diverse (ecologically and morphologically) group of plants. Ornamental palms are important component of landscape as well as interiorscapes. Additionally, these plants are good source of food, feed and shelter with numerous other commercial benefits. Likewise other trees and crops, landscape and field nurseries of palms are also subjected to various threats of insect pest and diseases (caused by different plant pathogens). Amongst fungal diseases leaf spots, leaf blights, Fusarium wilts, butt rots, bud rots, root rots, lethal yellowing and decline of palms are major growth constraints of palm growth. In developing countries very little attention has been paid on the etiology and management of these fungal diseases on ornamental palms. Accurate diagnosis and reliable management plan of palm fungal diseases usually requires expertise in both modern and advanced plant pathological approaches. Historically it was general belief that plant pathogens are not associated with human diseases. Since 19th century, several clinical reports are available indicating many plant pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Alternaria spp., Trichoderma spp., Fusarium spp., Curvularia spp. and Colletotrichum Spp) as novel agents of human diseases. Besides the association of fungal plant pathogens infecting ornamental palms, harbouring any of earlier mentioned or other fungal species (capable of causing certain diseases in human beings or pets) by the ornamental palms cultivation (either grown indoor or outdoor) is an important area of research to be explored and addressed thoroughly. This book will provide the deep information regarding major fungal diseases of ornamental palms, their symptoms, disease identification, and etiology and management strategies. This book will also provide unique knowledge regarding the ornamental palms harbouring kinds of human fungal pathogens and their practical management at domestic and commercial scale, in order to make cultivation of these plant more beneficial for humans, animals and environment.
The ETTO Principle: Why Things That Go Right Sometimes Go Wrong
by Erik HollnagelAccident investigation and risk assessment have for decades focused on the human factor, particularly 'human error'. Countless books and papers have been written about how to identify, classify, eliminate, prevent and compensate for it. This bias towards the study of performance failures, leads to a neglect of normal or 'error-free' performance and the assumption that as failures and successes have different origins there is little to be gained from studying them together. Erik Hollnagel believes this assumption is false and that safety cannot be attained only by eliminating risks and failures. The ETTO Principle looks at the common trait of people at work to adjust what they do to match the conditions - to what has happened, to what happens, and to what may happen. It proposes that this efficiency-thoroughness trade-off (ETTO) - usually sacrificing thoroughness for efficiency - is normal. While in some cases the adjustments may lead to adverse outcomes, these are due to the very same processes that produce successes, rather than to errors and malfunctions. The ETTO Principle removes the need for specialised theories and models of failure and 'human error' and offers a viable basis for effective and just approaches to both reactive and proactive safety management.
EU-Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO)
by Paul Voigt Axel von dem BusscheDieses Praktikerhandbuch enthält Hinweise zur praktischen Umsetzung der EU-Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) sowie eine systematische Analyse der neuen Vorschriften. Das Handbuch widmet sich unter anderem den organisatorischen und materiellen Datenschutzanforderungen, den Rechten der betroffenen Personen, der Rolle der Aufsichtsbehörden, der Rechtsdurchsetzung und den Bußgeldern nach der Verordnung, sowie nationalen Besonderheiten. Das deutsche Datenschutz-Anpassungs- und Umsetzungsgesetz EU (DSAnpUG-EU) wurde bereits umfassend berücksichtigt. Zusätzlich gewährt das Handbuch einen kompakten Überblick zu den Konsequenzen der Neuregelung für ausgewählte Verarbeitungssituationen mit hoher Praxisrelevanz, wie Cloud Computing, Big Data und Internet of Things. Die im Jahr 2016 verabschiedete DSGVO tritt im Mai 2018 in Kraft. Sie sieht zahlreiche neue bzw. verstärkte Datenschutzpflichten sowie eine deutliche Erhöhung der Bußgelder (auf bis zu 20 Mio. Euro) vor. Nicht nur in der Europäischen Union ansässige Unternehmen werden daher ihre Datenschutz-Compliance auf den Prüfstand stellen müssen; aufgrund des weiten, grenzüberschreitenden Anwendungsbereichs der Verordnung wird ihr Inkrafttreten Auswirkungen auf zahlreiche Unternehmen weltweit haben.
EU-Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO): Praktikerhandbuch
by Paul Voigt Axel von dem BusscheDieses Praktikerhandbuch gibt einen praxisnahen Überblick über die Vorgaben der DSGVO und das deutsche Datenschutzrecht. Das Handbuch widmet sich unter anderem den organisatorischen und materiellen Datenschutzanforderungen, den Rechten der betroffenen Personen, der Rolle der Aufsichtsbehörden, den Schadensersatzanspüchen und den Bußgeldern nach der Verordnung, sowie deutschen nationalen Besonderheiten. Es enthält zahlreiche Praxishinweise und Anwendungsbeispiele sowie eine kompakte Übersicht zu den datenschutzrechtlichen Vorgaben für ausgewählte Verarbeitungssituationen mit hoher Praxisrelevanz, wie Cloud Computing, Big Data und Künstliche Intelligenz. Das Handbuch wurde für die zweite Auflage vollständig überarbeitet und berücksichtigt umfangreich neue datenschutzrechtliche Rechtsprechung und Behördenstellungnahmen.
The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
by Paul Voigt Axel von dem BusscheThis book provides expert advice on the practical implementation of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and systematically analyses its various provisions. Examples, tables, a checklist etc. showcase the practical consequences of the new legislation. The handbook examines the GDPR’s scope of application, the organizational and material requirements for data protection, the rights of data subjects, the role of the Supervisory Authorities, enforcement and fines under the GDPR, and national particularities. In addition, it supplies a brief outlook on the legal consequences for seminal data processing areas, such as Cloud Computing, Big Data and the Internet of Things.Adopted in 2016, the General Data Protection Regulation will come into force in May 2018. It provides for numerous new and intensified data protection obligations, as well as a significant increase in fines (up to 20 million euros). As a result, not only companies located within the European Union will have to change their approach to data security; due to the GDPR’s broad, transnational scope of application, it will affect numerous companies worldwide.
The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): A Practical Guide
by Paul Voigt Axel von dem BusscheSix years have passed since the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) entered into force. With its numerous data protection obligations and the threat of high fines, companies had to change their approach to data protection. It has been an ongoing challenge for companies to keep up with the constant changes deriving from a plethora of new decisions by courts and supervisory authorities. The 2nd Edition of this book provides a practical overview of the requirements of the GDPR. Examples, tables, and checklists showcase the requirements of the GDPR, whilst also giving practical tips to tackle the regulatory challenges. The handbook examines the GDPR’s scope of application, the organisational and material requirements of the GDPR, the rights of data subjects, the role of the supervisory authorities, and enforcement and fines. The book has been completely revised for the second edition and takes extensive account of new data protection case law and regulatory guidelines.
EU Internet Law in the Digital Era: Regulation and Enforcement
by Tatiana-Eleni Synodinou Philippe Jougleux Christiana Markou Thalia PrastitouThe book provides a detailed overview and analysis of important EU Internet regulatory challenges currently found in various key fields of law directly linked to the Internet such as information technology, consumer protection, personal data, e-commerce and copyright law. In addition, it aims to shed light on the content and importance of various pending legislative proposals in these fields, and of the Court of Justice of the European Union’s recent case law in connection with solving the different problems encountered. The book focuses on challenging legal questions that have not been sufficiently analyzed, while also presenting original thinking in connection with the regulation of emerging legal questions. As such, it offers an excellent reference tool for researchers, policymakers, judges, practitioners and law students with a special interest in EU Internet law and regulation.
EU Internet Law in the Digital Single Market
by Tatiana-Eleni Synodinou Philippe Jougleux Christiana Markou Thalia Prastitou-MerdiWith the ongoing evolution of the digital society challenging the boundaries of the law, new questions are arising – and new answers being given – even now, almost three decades on from the digital revolution. Written by a panel of legal specialists and edited by experts on EU Internet law, this book provides an overview of the most recent developments affecting the European Internet legal framework, specifically focusing on four current debates. Firstly, it discusses the changes in online copyright law, especially after the enactment of the new directive on the single digital market. Secondly, it analyzes the increasing significance of artificial intelligence in our daily life. The book then addresses emerging issues in EU digital law, exploring out of the box approaches in Internet law. It also presents the last cyber-criminality law trends (offenses, international instrument, behaviors), and discusses the evolution of personal data protection. Lastly, it evaluates the degree of consumer and corporate protection in the digital environment, demonstrating that now, more than ever, EU Internet law is based on a combination of copyright, civil, administrative, criminal, commercial and banking laws.
EU Islands and the Clean Energy Transition (SpringerBriefs in Energy)
by Gabriel Winter-Althaus Antonio Pulido-Alonso Lourdes Trujillo Enrique Rosales-AsensioThis book explains the challenges and barriers of island energy systems in the European Union. It reviews the research projects carried out to date, and proposes a new feasible scheme that could be advantageous to many isolated energy systems. The book contains a thorough literature review, to ensure the originality of its ideas. It provides a clear insight of the opportunities and difficulties facing EU island energy systems.
EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act (Law, Governance and Technology Series #53)
by Nikos Th. NikolinakosArtificial Intelligence (AI) can benefit our society and economy, but also brings with it new challenges and raises legal and ethical questions. According to the author of this comprehensive analysis, it is imperative to ensure that AI is developed and applied in an appropriate legal and regulatory framework that promotes innovation and investment and, at the same time, addresses the risks associated with certain uses of AI-related technologies.Essential to understanding the relationship between policy and law, this book traces the evolution of EU policy on artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing in particular on the EU’s ethical framework for AI, which defines trust as a prerequisite for ensuring a human-centric approach.The main part of the book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the Commission’s 2021 proposed AI Act, which establishes harmonised rules for the development, placement on the market and use of AI systems in the EU. The author painstakingly compares the Commission’s proposed AI Act with the numerous “compromise” proposals of the Council of the European Union, leading to the final version of the Council’s AI Act (general approach) and its formal adoption on 6 December 2022. The author also examines with extraordinary detail the amendments proposed by the relevant committees and political groups of the European Parliament, revealing the position the Parliament is likely to adopt in the forthcoming negotiations with the Commission and the Council on the text of the AI Act.Numerous legislative and policy documents are presented in detail, while the analysis also considers the comments made by all interested parties (e.g. the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, governmental organisations, national competent authorities, and stakeholders/actors with different/conflicting interests, such as corporations, business and consumer associations, civil society and other non-profit organisations). In the course of its in-depth analysis, this book will provide readers with crucial insight into the reasons behind the European Institutions’ different approaches and the often contradictory interests of stakeholders. Because the policy arguments are carefully balanced and drafted with scrupulous care, this volume will establish itself as a reference resource to be consulted for years to come.
EU Policy-Making on GMOs
by Mihalis KritikosThis book examines the development and implementation of the EU's legislative framework on the commercial release of GMO products as a case study of social regulation operating within a predominantly technical framework. The analysis and findings are based on an extensive documentary analysis and interviews with regulators, risk assessors, public interest groups and biotechnology experts at the national and European levels. It argues that in the case of the EU biotechnology framework, the particular institutional settings created for the formulation and interpretation of its provisions have been of decisive importance in elaborating a proceduralised 'science-based' prior authorization scheme as the preferred framework for granting commercial permits. This interdisciplinary work will appeal to EU lawyers, decision-makers and risk managers as well as academics working in the fields of EU studies, politics, law, risk governance sociology of science/risk and technology assessment. The book is based on a PhD thesis that was awarded with the 2008 UACES Prize for the Best Thesis in European Studies in Europe and with the EPEES 1st Prize for the Best Thesis written by a Greek Researcher between 2004 and 2008.
EU-Taxonomie-Konformität im Wohnungsbau: Rückbaubarkeit einzelner Bauteile in der Kreislaufwirtschaft und Lebenszyklusbetrachtung (Entwicklung neuer Ansätze zum nachhaltigen Planen und Bauen)
by Hannah VongerichtenDieses Buch bietet eine umfassende Analyse der EU-Taxonomie-Kriterien für eine Kreislaufwirtschaft und die Taxonomiekonformität im Wohnungsbau. Es wird die Notwendigkeit eines nachhaltigen Wandels im Bausektor angesichts der globalen Herausforderungen des Klimawandels und der Ressourcenknappheit hervorgehoben. Die EU-Taxonomie-Verordnung dient als rechtliche Grundlage für diesen Wandel. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Übergang zu einer Kreislaufwirtschaft im Wohnungsbau und die Rückbaubarkeit einzelner Bauteile, um die Umweltauswirkungen des Bausektors zu minimieren. Dieses Buch präsentiert Lösungsansätze, wie der Bausektor zu einer Kreislaufwirtschaft übergehen kann, um die Umweltauswirkungen zu reduzieren und die Anforderungen der EU-Taxonomie zu erfüllen. Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende, Forschende und Fachleute, die Lösungen für die Herausforderungen der Umsetzung rückbaufreundlicher Gebäudedesigns und der EU-Taxonomie-Kriterien suchen.
EU Trade-Related Measures against Illegal Fishing: Policy Diffusion and Effectiveness in Thailand and Australia (Routledge Focus on Environment and Sustainability)
by Andrew M. Song Kate Barclay Alin KadfakFocusing on the experiences of Thailand and Australia, this book examines the impact of trade-restrictive measures as related to the EU’s regulations to prevent Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. It is widely accepted that IUU fishing is harmful, and should be stopped, but there are different approaches to tackling it. Acknowledging this, this book argues that major efforts to fight IUU fishing require careful analyses if the goal is to achieve optimal results and avoid unintended consequences. The book draws on the recent experiences of Thailand and Australia to offer an empirical examination of one increasingly prominent solution, trade-restrictive measures. With Thailand representing direct, active intervention by the EU and Australia a more indirect dispersion of policy narratives and discourses, the book provides a rounded view on how likely it is that different countries in different situations will adapt to the changing policy norms regarding IUU fishing. Understanding the reactions of countries who might be targeted, or otherwise be influenced by the policy, generates new knowledge that helps inform a more effective and scalable implementation of the policy on the part of the EU and a better governance preparedness on the part of non-EU fishing nations. In broader terms, this book exposes a key moment of change in the compatibility between environmental regulations and international trade. The EU IUU policy is a prime example of a policy that uses the mechanisms of international trade to account for environmental and conservation objectives. By way of the unilateral and trade-restrictive stance against IUU fishing, the EU has positioned itself as a major market and normative power, driving its sustainability norms outwards. This book sheds light on the efficacy of this policy setup based on the analysis of country perspectives, which is a key factor influencing its potential spread. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of international fisheries politics, marine conservation, environmental policy and international trade, and will also be of interest to policymakers working in these areas.
EU Waste Regulation in a Linear-Circular Economy Transition: Waste Management in Italy (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Massimiliano Agovino Gaetano MusellaWaste management is a topical issue worldwide. In recent years, several requests have been made by citizens and associations to political decision-makers regarding the need for a significant improvement in waste management methods. Particularly considering the significant increase in awareness of social and environmental impacts and the economic consequences of non-virtuous waste management. There is growing attention on legislation and regulation's role in the waste sector. Regulation can help companies and citizens achieve a faster, more effective, and more efficient transition from a linear economy, based on the take-make-dispose paradigm, to a circular economy, in which the potential of waste as resources and secondary raw materials is exploited. This book is set in the wake of economic literature that tackles the transition from the linear to the circular economy. It focuses on the downstream stages of the waste management process (i.e. the waste treatment phase). In this regard, it is proposed a journey through the history of European waste legislation to study the waste sector's transition dynamics from a selfish and no longer sustainable economic model based on rampant consumerism to a far-sighted sustainable model addressing the well-being of future generations. Studying the changes in European waste regulations leads us to ask ourselves the following questions: how has waste collection changed in recent years? What are the new regulatory challenges that must be addressed to achieve the objectives of a circular economy? How successful has the EU legislation been in fostering the transition from a linear to a circular economy? Finally, has the European environmental legislation sprung a convergence process among European countries towards the circular economy, or has the definition of targets fuelled the already marked differences between EU countries?
Eucalyptus: Engineered Wood Products and Other Applications
by Seng Hua Lee Wei Chen Lum Petar Antov Ľuboš Krišťák Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Widya FatriasariThis book highlights the world distribution of eucalyptus plantations and the recent state of research on the utilization of planted eucalyptus for engineered wood products (EWPs) manufacturing. EWPs such as particleboard, fiberboard, oriented strand board, laminated veneer lumber, plywood, glue-laminated lumber, and cross-laminated lumber are highlighted. Eucalyptus is the main fiber resource for the pulp and paper industries in developed countries. Timber and fibers extracted from eucalyptus have long been utilized for solid wood and manufacturing of medium-density fiberboard. Other uses of eucalyptus such as pulp and paper, fuels, and chemical feedstocks are also discussed. Economic, social, and environmental assessments of eucalyptus products are presented.