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Fatal Terrain (Patrick McLanahan Series #6)
by Dale BrownThe People's Republic of China has launched a terrifying attack against Taiwan. Cold. Swift. Deadly. The U.S. isn't willing to stand by and watch, but when they come to Taiwan's aid, they're dealt an unexpected blow from Chinese forces. It looks like the U.S. is going down... Until aerial strike warfare expert Patrick McLanahan and genius Jon Masters come into the picture. Together, they have created a monster-- the EB-52 Megafortress. A high-tech display of weaponry, fully equipped with stealth cruise missiles. The most sophisticated bomber the world has ever seen. The unsinkable "flying battleship." Now China is on its way to a nuclear high noon. And the Doomsday clock is ticking...
Fate And Prediction Of Environmental Chemicals In Soils, Plants, And Aquatic Systems
by Mohammed MansourFate and Prediction of Environmental Chemicals in Soils, Plants, and Aquatic Systems focuses on the chemical persistence and ecotoxicological behavior of pesticides in soil, water, and plants. The book examines recent developments in research on various substances and relays information regarding transport, adsorption, absorption, accumulation, degradation, biological effects, toxicity to aquatic organisms, air pollution, exposure, and risk estimation. Leading international scientists present their advances in analytical methodology and instrumentation in the fields of agrochemicals and environmental chemistry. This useful review of data, methods, and principles will benefit environmental researchers, managers, biologists, chemists, pharmacologists, and others interested in assessing the potential for contamination of soil, air, water, and plants.
Fate and Transport of Subsurface Pollutants (Microorganisms for Sustainability #24)
by Ram Naresh Bharagava Pankaj Kumar GuptaThis volume offers detailed information on the behaviour of various water pollutants, and on the principles and concepts of groundwater flow and transport. It will help readers to understand and execute the planning, supervision, and review of solute transport and groundwater modeling projects. The book also discusses the role and fate of elements that have been identified as major contaminants in surface and subsurface waters, and their adverse effects on ecology and human health. The book explores this theme throughout four sections – a. Understanding Soil-Water Systems, b. Fate and Transport of Pollutants, c. Physico-Chemical Treatment of Wastewater and d. Microbial Techniques Used to Decontaminate Soil-Water Systems. Introducing readers to a range of recent advances concerning the fundamentals of subsurface water treatment, it offers a valuable guide for teachers, researchers, policymakers, and undergraduate and graduate students of hydrology, environmental microbiology, biotechnology and the environmental sciences. It also provides field engineers and industrial practitioners with essential support in the effective remediation and management of polluted sites.
Fate of Microplastics in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Occurrence, Identification, Potential Factors, and Future Perspectives
by Nitin Kumar Singh Komal Jayaswal Manish Yadav Namita MaharjanThis book covers the various sources, the role of treatment technologies, system-associated factors, and future challenges with reference to microplastics in wastewater treatment plants. It also introduces microplastics, their sources, governing factors, microbial diversity effects, and possible control approaches to minimize the exposure of microplastics to human beings. Modelling and distribution of microplastics, environmental sinks, bioindicators, and microplastics as vector in wastewater treatment units are also discussed. Focuses on microplastic pollution, mechanism of removal, treatment technologies, pathways, and fate in wastewater treatment system Discusses the factors linked to dispersion, survival, and removal efficiency of microplastics in wastewater treatment systems Helps understand ‘microplastics removal’-centric sustainability aspects of wastewater treatment systems Explores the fate of microplastics in sludge-handling systems Incorporates comparative case studies from developed and developing nations This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in environmental science and engineering, water resources management, wastewater, and chemical engineering.
Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems
by Diana S. AgaThe detection of pharmaceutical residues remained elusive until instruments such as liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry became commonplace in environmental laboratories. The documentation of the occurrence of pharmaceutical residues and endocrine disrupting chemicals in water resources has raused questions about their long-term effects
Fatigue Crack Growth in Rubber Materials: Experiments and Modelling (Advances in Polymer Science #286)
by Gert Heinrich Reinhold Kipscholl Radek StočekThe book summarizes recent international research and experimental developments regarding fatigue crack growth investigations of rubber materials. It shows the progress in fundamental as well as advanced research of fracture investigation of rubber material under fatigue loading conditions, especially from the experimental point of view. However, some chapters will describe the progress in numerical modeling and physical description of fracture mechanics and cavitation phenomena in rubbers. Initiation and propagation of cracks in rubber materials are dominant phenomena which determine the lifetime of these soft rubber materials and, as a consequence, the lifetime of the corresponding final rubber parts in various fields of application. Recently, these phenomena became of great scientific interest due to the development of new experimental methods, concepts and models. Furthermore, crack phenomena have an extraordinary impact on rubber wear and abrasion of automotive tires; and understanding of crack initiation and growth in rubbers will help to support the growthing number of activities and worldwide efforts of reduction of tire wear losses and abrasion based emissions.
Fatigue Design of Marine Structures
by Inge LotsbergFatigue Design of Marine Structures provides students and professionals with a theoretical and practical background for fatigue design of marine structures including sailing ships, offshore structures for oil and gas production, and other welded structures subject to dynamic loading such as wind turbine structures. Industry expert Inge Lotsberg brings more than forty years of experience in design and standards-setting to this comprehensive guide to the basics of fatigue design of welded structures. Topics covered include laboratory testing, S-N data, different materials, different environments, stress concentrations, residual stresses, acceptance criteria, non-destructive testing, improvement methods, probability of failure, bolted connections, grouted connections, and fracture mechanics. Featuring 20 chapters, 300 diagrams, 47 example calculations, and resources for further study, Fatigue Design of Marine Structures is intended as the complete reference work for study and practice.
Fatigue Design of Steel and Composite Structures: Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures, Part 1 - 9 Fatigue; Eurocode 4: Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures
by ECCS - European Convention for Constructional SteelworkThis volume addresses the specific subject of fatigue, a subject not familiar to many engineers, but still relevant for proper and good design of numerous steel structures. It explains all issues related to the subject: Basis of fatigue design, reliability and various verification formats, determination of stresses and stress ranges, fatigue strength, application range and limitations. It contains detailed examples of applications of the concepts, computation methods and verifications.
Fatigue Design of Steel and Composite Structures: Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures, Part 1-9 Fatigue; Eurocode 4: Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures
by Laurence Davaine Luis Borges Alain NussbaumerThis volume addresses the specific subject of fatigue, a subject not familiar to many engineers, but still relevant for proper and good design of numerous steel structures. It explains all issues related to the subject: Basis of fatigue design, reliability and various verification formats, determination of stresses and stress ranges, fatigue strength, application range and limitations. It contains detailed examples of applications of the concepts, computation methods and verifications.
Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts
by Eliahu ZahaviModern analytical theories of fatigue coupled with a knowledge of processing effects on metals make up the sound basis for designing machine parts that are free from unexpected failure. Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts provides the information and the tools needed for optimal design. It highlights practical approaches for effectively solving fatigue problems, including minimizing the risk of hidden perils that may arise during production processes or from exposure to the environment.The material is presented with a dual approach: the excellent coverage of the theoretical aspects is accented by practical illustrations of the behavior of machine parts. The theoretical approach combines the fundamentals of solid mechanics, fatigue analysis, and crack propagation. The chapters covering fatigue theories are given special emphasis, starting with the basics and progressing to complicated multiaxial nonlinear problems.The practical approach concentrates on the effects of surface processing on fatigue life and it illustrates many faceted fatigue problems taken from case studies. The solutions demonstrate the authors' detailed analyses of failure and are intended to be used as preventive guidelines. The cases are a unique feature of the book. The numerical method used is the finite element method, and is presented with clear explanations and illustrations.Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts is an extremely valuable tool for both practicing design engineers and engineering students.
Fatigue Life Analyses of Welded Structures: Flaws
by Naman Récho Tom LassenAvoiding or controlling fatigue damage is a major issue in the design and inspection of welded structures subjected to dynamic loading. Life predictions are usually used for safe life analysis, i.e. for verifying that it is very unlikely that fatigue damage will occur during the target service life of a structure. Damage tolerance analysis is used for predicting the behavior of a fatigue crack and for planning of in-service scheduled inspections. It should be a high probability that any cracks appearing are detected and repaired before they become critical. In both safe life analysis and the damage tolerance analysis there may be large uncertainties involved that have to be treated in a logical and consistent manner by stochastic modeling. This book focuses on fatigue life predictions and damage tolerance analysis of welded joints and is divided into three parts. The first part outlines the common practice used for safe life and damage tolerance analysis with reference to rules and regulations. The second part emphasises stochastic modeling and decision-making under uncertainty, while the final part is devoted to recent advances within fatigue research on welded joints. Industrial examples that are included are mainly dealing with offshore steel structures. Spreadsheets which accompany the book give the reader the possibility for hands-on experience of fatigue life predictions, crack growth analysis and inspection planning. As such, these different areas will be of use to engineers and researchers.
Fatigue Life of Riveted Steel Bridges
by Björn ÅkessonMany old riveted railway bridges are replaced too soon due to a general lack of knowledge about the expected life span. This indicates the need for more information on fatigue and brittle fracture of riveted bridges. This book unveils extensive research and literature results on riveted bridges' fatigue live and shows how to take fatigue properly i
Fatigue Limit in Metals
by Claude BathiasIs there a fatigue limit in metals? This question is the main focus of this book. Written by a leading researcher in the field, Claude Bathias presents a thorough and authoritative examination of the coupling between plasticity, crack initiation and heat dissipation for lifetimes that exceed the billion cycle, leading us to question the concept of the fatigue limit, both theoretically and technologically. This is a follow-up to the Fatigue of Materials and Structures series of books previously published in 2011. Contents 1. Introduction on Very High Cycle Fatigue. 2. Plasticity and Initiation in Gigacycle Fatigue. 3. Heating Dissipation in the Gigacycle Regime. About the Authors Claude Bathias is Emeritus Professor at the University of Paris 10-La Defense in France. He started his career as a research engineer in the aerospace and military industry where he remained for 20 years before becoming director of the CNRS laboratory ERA 914 at the University of Compiègne in France. He has launched two international conferences about fatigue: International Conference on the Fatigue of Composite Materials (ICFC) and Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF). This new, up-to-date text supplements the book Fatigue of Materials and Structures, which had been previously published by ISTE and John Wiley in 2011. A thorough review of coupling between plasticity, crack priming, and thermal dissipation for lifespans higher than a billion of cycle has led us to question the concept of fatigue limit, from both the theoretical and technological point of view. This book will address that and more.
Fatigue Prediction for Random Loads: Using the Rainflow Method
by Georg Lindgren Igor Rychlik Sayan GuptaFatigue Prediction for Random Loads serves as a comprehensive treatise for methods for fatigue estimation and fatigue life prediction in randomly excited structural systems using the rainflow cycle counting method.Fatigue is an important mode of material degradation in structural components subjected to vibrations and a reliable estimation of their fatigue life span, and it is a key consideration in the design and development of such systems. This book uses advanced concepts of probability theory, random variables and random processes to develop spectral-based methods and formulae for predicting expected fatigue damage and expected fatigue life. The developments presented here bypass the need for a computationally expensive rainflow cycle counting that is usually adopted in time domain approaches.This book is aimed towards researchers and industry practitioners working in the intersectional areas of mechanics and applied mathematics and is expected to be particularly useful for applications on problems in the fields of wind engineering, offshore engineering, ship research and routing, aerospace engineering, automotive engineering and machine dynamics.
Fatigue and Corrosion in Metals
by Pietro Paolo MilellaThis textbook, suitable for students, researchers and engineers, gathers the experience of more than 20 years of teaching fracture mechanics, fatigue and corrosion to professional engineers and running experimental tests and verifications to solve practical problems in engineering applications. As such, it is a comprehensive blend of fundamental knowledge and technical tools to address the issues of fatigue and corrosion. The book initiates with a systematic description of fatigue from a phenomenological point of view, since the early signs of submicroscopic damage in few surface grains and continues describing, step by step, how these precursors develop to become mechanically small cracks and, eventually, macrocracks whose growth is governed by fracture mechanics. But fracture mechanics is also introduced to analyze stress corrosion and corrosion assisted fatigue in a rather advanced fashion. The author dedicates a particular attention to corrosion starting with an electrochemical treatment that mechanical engineers with a rather limited knowledge of electrochemistry will well digest without any pain. The electrochemical introduction is considered an essential requirement to the full understanding of corrosion that is essentially an electrochemical process. All stress corrosion aspects are treated, from the generalized film rupture-anodic dissolution process that is the base of any corrosion mechanism to the aggression occurring in either mechanically or thermally sensitized alloys up to the universe of hydrogen embrittlement, which is described in all its possible modes of appearance. Multiaxial fatigue and out-of-phase loading conditions are treated in a rather comprehensive manner together with damage progression and accumulation that are not linear processes. Load spectra are analyzed also in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform in a rather elegant fashion full of applications that are generally not considered at all in fatigue textbooks, yet they deserve a special place and attention. The issue of fatigue cannot be treated without a probabilistic approach unless the designer accepts the shame of one-out-of-two pieces failure. The reader is fully introduced to the most promising and advanced analytical tools that do not require a normal or lognormal distribution of the experimental data, which is the most common case in fatigue. But the probabilistic approach is also used to introduce the fundamental issue of process volume that is the base of any engineering application of fatigue, from the probability of failure to the notch effect, from the metallurgical variability and size effect to the load type effect. Fractography plays a fundamental role in the post mortem analysis of fatigue and corrosion failures since it can unveil the mystery encrypted in any failure.
Fatigue and Corrosion in Metals
by Pietro Paolo MilellaWith its combination of readability, love for details and rigor, “Fatigue and Corrosion in Metals” has become an authoritative reference work that has quickly established itself as the most comprehensive guide for fatigue and corrosion design available to date. It has been adopted by several universities as reference textbook and consulted by professional engineers and scholars worldwide. This must-have Second Edition, completely revisited to account for advances in the decade since the previous edition was published, includes: · A new Chapter on damage nucleation.· A new Chapter on Very High Cycle Fatigue.· A new Chapter on fatigue testing and fatigue S-N curve determination.· Expanded analysis of surface treatments and inclusions effect on fatigue.· Expanded treatment of volume process effect on fatigue.· Expanded treatments of corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement.In addition to these enhancements, it includes a detailed treatment of· Phenomenology and morphological aspects of fatigue.· Surface treatments, conditions, and nonmetallic inclusions effects on fatigue.· Stress and strain-based fatigue analysis.· Mean stress and notch effect on fatigue.· Cumulative damage and multiaxial fatigue.· Probabilistic analysis application to fatigue design.· Fatigue in welds.· Stress corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement.· Fracture mechanics application to fatigue and corrosion. It serves as a valuable and needful information source on the desktop of anyone involved with fatigue and corrosion in metals.
Fatigue and Driving: Driver Impairment, Driver Fatigue, And Driving Simulation
by Laurence HartleyThis unique edited collection derives from an international workshop uniting experts from the transport industry, legislators and research workers. The text focuses on issues from fatigue and their impact on performance and safety. Fatigue and Driving provides an overview of the individual and organisational perspectives of the problem including its many causes and consequences. Transport drivers describe their real-life experience of fatigue and how they identify and manage it; transport managers discuss the demands and constraints on their industry; researchers discuss their current research methodologies and the use of driving simulators.
Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of High Temperature Materials
by Peter K. LiawFatigue and Fracture Behavior of High Temperature Materials
Fatigue and Fracture Reliability Engineering
by J. J. Xiong R. A. ShenoiFatigue and Fracture Reliability Engineering is an attempt to present an integrated and unified approach to reliability determination of fatigue and fracture behaviour, incorporating probability, statistics and other related areas. A series of original and practical approaches, are suggested in Fatigue and Fracture Reliability Engineering, including new techniques in determining fatigue and fracture performances. It also carries out an investigation into static and fatigue properties, and into the failure mechanisms of unnotched and notched CFR composite laminates with different lay-ups to optimize the stacking sequence effect. Further benefits include: a novel convergence-divergence counting procedure to extract all load cycles from a load history of divergence-convergence waves;practical scatter factor formulae to determine the safe fatigue crack initiation and propagation lives from the results of a single full-scale test of a complete structure; anda nonlinear differential kinetic model for describing the dynamical behaviour of an atom at a fatigue crack tip.Fatigue and Fracture Reliability Engineering is intended for practising engineers in marine, civil construction, aerospace, offshore, automotive and chemical industries. It is also useful reading for researchers on doctoral programmes, and is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in any mechanically-oriented engineering discipline.
Fatigue and Fracture of Fibre Metal Laminates
by René AlderliestenThis book contributes to the field of hybrid technology, describing the current state of knowledge concerning the hybrid material concept of laminated metallic and composite sheets for primary aeronautical structural applications. It is the only book to date on fatigue and fracture of fibre metal laminates (FMLs). The first section of the book provides a general background of the FML technology, highlighting the major FML types developed and studied over the past decades in conjunction with an overview of industrial developments based on filed patents. In turn, the second section discusses the mechanical response to quasi-static loading, together with the fracture phenomena during quasi-static and cyclic loading. To consider the durability aspects related to strength justification and certification of primary aircraft structures, the third section discusses thermal aspects related to FMLs and their mechanical response to various environmental and acoustic conditions.
Fatigue and Fracture of Materials and Structures: Contributions from ICMFM XX and KKMP2021 (Structural Integrity #24)
by Grzegorz Lesiuk José A. F. O. Correia Szymon Duda Abílio M. P. De JesusThis book presents selected contributions from ICMFM XX and the Polish National Conference—KKMP. The XX International Colloquium on Mechanical Fatigue of Metals (ICMFM XX) was organized on 15–17 September 2021, in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, in Wrocław City, Poland, in a remote form. Its aim was to facilitate and encourage the exchange of knowledge and experiences among the different communities involved in both basic and applied research in the field of fatigue of metals, looking at the problem of fatigue from a multiscale perspective, and exploring analytical and numerical simulative approaches, without losing the perspectives of the application. The Polish National Conference—KKMP 2021—was organized remotely with 50–80 prominent international participants from the fracture mechanics community.
Fatigue and Fracture of Nanostructured Materials
by Pasquale CavaliereThis book describes the main approaches for production and synthesis of nanostructured metals and alloys, taking into account the fatigue behavior of materials in additive manufactured components. Depending on the material type, form, and application, a deep discussion of fatigue properties and crack behavior is also provided. Pure nanostructured metals, complex alloys and composites are further considered. Prof. Cavaliere’s examination is supported by the most up-to-date understanding from the scientific literature along with a thorough presentation of theory. Bringing together the widest range of perspective on its topic, the book is ideal for materials researchers, professional engineers in industry, and students interested in nanostructured materials, fracture/fatigue mechanics, and additive manufacturing.Describes in detail the relevance of nanostructures in additive manufacturing technologies;Includes sufficient breadth and depth on theoretical modelling of fatigue and crack behavior for use in the classroom;Identifies many open questions regarding different theories through experimental finding;Contextualizes the latest scientific results for readers in industry.
Fatigue and Fracture of Weldments: The Ibess Approach For The Determination Of The Fatigue Life And Strength Of Weldments By Fracture Mechanics Analysis
by Uwe Zerbst Mauro Madia Benjamin Schork Jonas Hensel Pawel Kucharczyk DesireTchoffo Ngoula Didi Tchuindjang Julian Bernhard Carla BeckmannThis book provides a comprehensive and thorough guide to those readers who are lost in the often-confusing context of weld fatigue. It presents straightforward information on the fracture mechanics and material background of weld fatigue, starting with fatigue crack initiation and short cracks, before moving on to long cracks, crack closure, crack growth and threshold, residual stress, stress concentration, the stress intensity factor, J-integral, multiple cracks, weld geometries and defects, microstructural parameters including HAZ, and cyclic stress-strain behavior. The book treats all of these essential and mutually interacting parameters using a unique form of analysis.
Fatigue in Aviation: A Guide to Staying Awake at the Stick (Studies In Aviation Psychology And Human Factors Ser.)
by John Caldwell J. Lynn CaldwellThis updated edition includes fatigue and sleep definitions as well as strategies for the measurement and assessment of fatigue. The aviation performance, mood, and safety problems associated with sleep restriction and circadian disruptions in operational settings are highlighted. The biological bases of fatigue are discussed so that the reader can understand that it is a real physiological phenomenon and not 'just a state of mind'. Both traditional and newly-developed scientifically-valid countermeasures are presented, and a variety of data from diverse sources are included to provide readers with a 'toolbox' from which they can choose the best solutions for the fatigue-related problems that exist in their unique operational context. In addition, an essential overview of Fatigue Risk Management Systems is included to provide the basic structure necessary to build and validate a modern, integrated approach to successful fatigue management. The book is of interest to aviation crews in both civilian and military sectors--managers as well as pilots, flight crews, and maintainers. It aims to be user-friendly, although scientific information is included to help the reader fully understand the 'fatigue phenomenon' from an evidence-based perspective as well as to enhance the reader's appreciation for the manner in which various counter-fatigue interventions are helpful.
Fatigue of Beta Processed and Beta Heat-treated Titanium Alloys
by Simon Barter Russell WanhillThis publication reviews most of the available literature on the fatigue properties of β annealed Ti-6Al-4V and titanium alloys with similar microstructures. The focus is on β processed and β heat-treated alloys because β annealed Ti-6Al-4V has been selected for highly loaded and fatigue-critical structures, including the main wing-carry-through bulkheads and vertical tail stubs, of advanced high-performance military aircraft. An important aspect of the review is a concise survey of fatigue life assessment methods and the required types of fatigue data. This survey provides the background to recommendations for further research, especially on the fatigue behaviour of β annealed Ti-6Al-4V under realistic fatigue load histories, including the essential topic of short/small fatigue crack growth. Such research is required for independent fatigue life assessments that conform to the aircraft manufacturer's design requirements, and also for life reassessments that most probably will have to be made during the service life of the aircraft.