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Freshman Lectures on Nanotechnology (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)
by Hassan RazaNanotechnology is the art, science, and engineering of designing materials, devices, and systems at the nanoscale from bottom-up and/or top-down approaches. The material properties at the nanoscale are governed by quantum mechanics, and hence are drastically different than those at the macro/micro scale. It is thus no surprise, that nanotechnology has led to a scientific and technological revolution. This book provides a gentle introduction to the field of nanotechnology for first-year undergraduate students. It not only covers the fundamental scientific concepts in a tutorial fashion, but also provides an overview of applications in nanoelectronics, spintronics, nanophotonics, nanofabrication and nanocharacterization. End of chapter research assignments focus on nanomanufacturing, computing and communication, renewable energy, defense applications, food processing and agriculture, automobile and aerospace technology, nanobiotechnology and bionanotechnology, industrial and consumer applications. Finally, the topics related to safety, health, and societal impact of nanotechnology are discussed.
Freshwater Aquaculture: A Functional Approach
by Biplab Kumar BandyopadhyayFreshwater Aquaculture – the study of breeding, rearing and commercialization of organisms, fish in particular, which inhabit in fresh water. Even though there remains some fragmentary information regarding the history of development of aquaculture in India but those seem to be far from being complete. In the present communication, the same has been given elaborately. The book concentrates on the culture technology of commercially important fresh water fishes. Various types of culture techniques including Aquaponics, Bioflocs, Recirculatory Aquaculture Systems (RAS) apart from the conventional Cage culture, Pen culture, Integration of fish culture with other crops viz. paddy, vegetables, dairy, piggery, poultry etc. have been dispensed in detail. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
Freshwater Fisheries Ecology
by John F. CraigInland fisheries are vital for the livelihoods and food resources of humans worldwide but their importance is underestimated, probably because large numbers of small, local operators are involved. Freshwater Fisheries Ecology defines what we have globally, what we are going to lose and mitigate for, and what, given the right tools, we can save. To estimate potential production, the dynamics of freshwater ecosystems (rivers, lakes and estuaries) need to be understood. These dynamics are diverse, as are the earth?s freshwater fisheries resources (from boreal to tropical regions), and these influence how fisheries are both utilized and abused. Three main types of fisheries are illustrated within the book: artisanal, commercial and recreational, and the tools which have evolved for fisheries governance and management, including assessment methods, are described. The book also covers in detail fisheries development, providing information on improving fisheries through environmental and habitat evaluation, enhancement and rehabilitation, aquaculture, genetically modified fishes and sustainability. The book thoroughly reviews the negative impacts on fisheries including excessive harvesting, climate change, toxicology, impoundments, barriers and abstractions, non-native species and eutrophication. Finally, key areas of future research are outlined. Freshwater Fisheries Ecology is truly a landmark publication, containing contributions from over 100 leading experts and supported by the Fisheries Society of the British Isles. The global approach makes this book essential reading for fish biologists, fisheries scientists and ecologists and upper level students in these disciplines. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological and fisheries sciences are studied and taught should have multiple copies of this hugely valuable resource. About the EditorJohn Craig is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Fish Biology and has an enormous range of expertise and a wealth of knowledge of freshwater fishes and their ecology, having studied them around the globe, including in Asia, North America, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. His particular interests have been in population dynamics and life history strategies. He is a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London and the Royal Society of Biology.
Freshwater Red Algae: Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Biogeography
by Morgan L Vis Orlando Necchi JrThis book presents the phylogeny, taxonomy and biogeography of freshwater red algae. Its content is divided into five chapters. The first chapter provides a brief history of freshwater red algal research, habits and collecting methods, general biogeographic trends and an overview of the taxonomic/phylogenetic placement of freshwater taxa. The other four chapters are taxonomic treatments of non-marine red algae based on taxonomic levels, i.e. classes within the phylum Rhodophyta, orders within each class, families within each order, and genera within each family. Descriptions, phylogenetic data (including numerous trees), geographic range (maps for most species) and dichotomous keys for identification are presented. Comprehensive data are provided for more than 220 species.
Fretting Wear, Fretting Fatigue and Damping of Structures: Design Engineering Hand Book Learned from Failure Cases (Solid Mechanics and Its Applications #276)
by Toshio HattoriThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanical distinctions between fretting damage under axial or bending external forces and fretting damage under a torsional load. It emphasizes the importance of studying practical accident cases to efficiently acquire technical skills. The book is structured around the fundamental technologies of material science, tribology, and mechanics, which are vital for understanding and addressing technical issues. The author has incorporated all fretting countermeasure technologies, which were previously often sensory and empirical in nature, and repositioned them as technologies grounded in fundamental principles. The book proposes an economical approach to product operation that maintains reliability by integrating not only design technology but also maintenance practices. It delves into specific materials, such as titanium alloys and aluminum alloys, which have seen increased use for weight reduction in industries like aerospace. In this book, “Critical Distance Stress Theory” that can easily derive the fatigue limit and fatigue life of the stress singular field at the contact edge was presented. As a result, the fretting fatigue strength and life can be predicted from the same FEM stress analysis as the normal stress concentration part. And finally, introducing a novel fretting mechanical model, the book focuses on scenarios where pressure force (N) and repeated tangential force (F) are applied to two planar objects, with the tangential force being transmitted solely through friction at the contact surface. This model finds relevance in turbine blade connection structures, among other applications. The author references Asai's research example, which encompasses fretting mechanical analysis, fretting wear evaluation, fatigue assessment, and structural damping evaluation using this model.
Freud: El crepúsculo de un ídolo
by Michel OnfrayEl prestigioso filósofo francés Michel Onfray, autor del best seller Tratado de ateología, ha escrito un ataque virulento contra el psicoanálisis, y en particular contra el freudismo, vehementemente argumentado y que ha creado una gran polémica en Francia. Onfray parte en este libro de una idea simple pero radical: Freud quiso construir una «ciencia» y no lo consiguió; quiso «probar» que el inconsciente tenía sus leyes, su lógica intrínseca, sus protocolos de experimentación, y usó todos los medios a su alcance para adornar el psicoanálisis con la apariencia de lo científico. Con gran rigor, Michel Onfray reexamina las obras de Freud, así como su biografía, para desvelar sus inconsistencias y contradicciones y ofrecer una conclusión implacable: el psicoanálisis no es más que el producto de influencias de la psicología, de la literatura y de la filosofía, pero en ningún caso es la ciencia a la que aspiraba su fundador. La crítica ha dicho...«Un ensayo potente, inteligente e inquietante, escrito de manera simple y directa, hábilmente argumentado y organizado en torno a una tesis sistemáticamente desarrollada.»Robert Maggiori, Libération «Un libro tan contundente como Tratado de ateología.»Livres Hebdo «No solo importante sino también apasionante. Este libro ya es un clásico. Como dice Onfray, ya era hora de sacar a Freud de la leyenda para introducirlo en la historia, donde será discutido, atacado y, por supuesto, defendido.»Le Point «Dejando atrás el freudismo de postal, Onfray se entrega a la deconstrucción de un sistema.»L'Express «Un gran incendio mediático.»Paris Match
Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel
by Vladimir PanjkovicThis text offers a systematic presentation of the evolution of concepts of friction, and its fundamental causes. It introduces key factors influencing friction in engineering systems. Applying these concepts, experimental observations and phenomena in various processes, readers understand the key frictional phenomena in the large-scale, commercial process of hot steel rolling. The usefulness of the book is not limited to hot rolling. It also provides an understanding of frictional phenomena in other important industrial sectors, such as automotive industry, railway transport, metal cutting and forming.
Friction and Wear
by Giovanni StraffeliniThis book introduces the basic concepts of contact mechanics, friction, lubrication, and wear mechanisms, providing simplified analytical relationships that are useful for quantitative assessments. Subsequently, an overview on the main wear processes is provided, and guidelines on the most suitable design solutions for each specific application are outlined. The final part of the text is devoted to a description of the main materials and surface treatments specifically developed for tribological applications and to the presentation of tribological systems of particular engineering relevance. The text is up to date with the latest developments in the field of tribology and provides a theoretical framework to explain friction and wear problems, together with practical tools for their resolution. The text is intended for students on Engineering courses (both bachelor and master degrees) who must develop a sound understanding of friction, wear, lubrication, and surface engineering, and for technicians or professionals who need to solve tribological problems in their work.
Friction and Wear in Metals (Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials)
by Riyadh A. Al-Samarai Yarub Al-DouriThis book focuses on tribology in manufacturing processes from the viewpoint of sliding friction fundamentals, the use of lubricants to control friction processes such as machining, drawing, rolling, extrusion, abrasive processes, and processing at micro and nanoscales. To study tribological behavior, it is essential to know the methods of measuring and describing the surface shape and roughness. The friction and wear, their corresponding coefficients, and their main mechanisms are described, including stick-slip effects, adhesion, and plowing. Adhesive, abrasive, erosive, and erosion-corrosion wear mechanisms. Friction–wear relationships are elaborated, and wear maps are presented. Surface interactions depend on the contacting materials and surface shape. It is a function of the production process and nature of parent materials that are found to be rough, where roughness is characterized by asperities of varying amplitudes and spacing. Surface interactions are dependent both on thecontacting materials and the shape of the surface. The distribution of the asperities is directional when the finishing process is direction-dependent, such as turning, milling, etc., and homogeneous for a non-directional finishing process like lapping, electro-polishing.
Friction and Wear of Ceramics: Principles and Case Studies
by Bikramjit Basu Mitjan Kalin B. V. KumarThis book covers the area of tribology broadly, providing important introductory chapters to fundamentals, processing, and applications of tribology. The book is designed primarily for easy and cohesive understanding for students and practicing scientists pursuing the area of tribology with focus on materials. This book helps students and practicing scientists alike understand that a comprehensive knowledge about the friction and wear properties of advanced materials is essential to further design and development of new materials. The description of the wear micromechanisms of various materials will provide a strong background to the readers as how to design and develop new tribological materials. This book also places importance on the development of new ceramic composites in the context of tribological applications. Some of the key features of the book include: Fundamentals section highlights the salient issues of ceramic processing and mechanical properties of important oxide and non-oxide ceramic systems; State of the art research findings on important ceramic composites are included and an understanding on the behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) based ceramic composites in dry sliding wear conditions is presented as a case study; Erosion wear behavior of ceramics, in which case studies on high temperature erosion behavior of SiC based composites and zirconium diboride (ZrB2) based composites is also covered; Wear behavior of ceramic coatings is rarely discussed in any tribology related books therefore a case study explaining the abrasion wear behavior of WC-Co coating is provided. Finally an appendix chapter is included in which a collection of several types of questions including multiple choice, short answer and long answer are provided.
Friction and Wear of Ceramics (Materials Engineering)
by Said JahanmirProvides comprehensive information on the tribological aspects of advanced ceramic materials for all uses that require controlled friction and wear resistance. The text is a guide to altering the microstructure of ceramics to create optimum performance in sliding and rolling contact applications.
Friction at the Atomic Level: Atomistic Approaches in Tribology
by Motohisa HiranoWritten by one of the most distinguished scientists and a pioneer in this field, this monograph represents a stand-alone, concise guide to friction at the atomic level. It brings together hitherto widely-scattered information in one single source, and is the first to explain the nature of friction in terms of atomic mechanisms. In addition to his detailed description on modeling and simulation, the author stresses stresses experimental approaches like AFM techniques for verification. In this respect the book will benefit the whole nanotribology community, from graduate students who want to get the basics right up to researchers specializing in mechanical engineering, materials science, physics and chemistry.
Friction Based Additive Manufacturing Technologies: Principles for Building in Solid State, Benefits, Limitations, and Applications
by Sandeep Rathee Manu Srivastava Sachin Maheshwari T. K. Kundra Arshad SiddiqueeCurrently, most of the major commercial metal additive manufacturing (MAM) techniques rely on liquid phase processing. The liquid to solid phase transformations in these techniques results in microstructural issues and defects which in turn tantamount to inferior properties of fabricated build. Friction based additive manufacturing technologies are solid state processing techniques which work on the principles of friction based joining processes and layer by layer additive manufacturing. This book primarily addresses the basic understanding of seven friction based additive manufacturing techniques. These techniques include additive manufacturing methods based on rotary friction welding, linear friction welding, friction deposition, friction surfacing, friction stir additive manufacturing, friction assisted seam welding and additive friction stir. The principle of operations, benefits, limitations and recent developments of each technique has been described. It covers potentional and probable applications of each technique through review of various experimental studies. Features Targets friction based solid state additive manufacturing of metallic materials Describes principle of operation of seven friction based additive manufacturing techniques Reviews latest trends of these processes via experimental studies Describes benefits and limitations of each technique Covers current and probable applications of these techniques
Friction-Induced Vibration in Lead Screw Drives
by Farid Golnaraghi Orang Vahid-AraghiFriction-Induced Vibration in Lead Screw Drives covers the dynamics of lead screw drives with an emphasis on the role of friction. Friction-induced vibration in lead screws can be the cause of unacceptably high levels of audible noise as well as loss of operation accuracy and shortened life. Although lead screw drives have a long history and their mechanical design and manufacturing aspects are very well understood, the role of friction in their dynamical behavior has not been comprehensively treated. The book draws on the vast body of work on the subject of dynamical systems with friction (such as disk brake systems) and offers said treatment, along with: · Unique coverage of modeling of multi-DOF lead screw systems with friction · Detailed analysis of negative damping, mode coupling, and kinematic constraint instability mechanisms in lead screws drives · A practical parameter identification approach for the velocity dependent coefficient of friction in lead screw drives Friction-Induced Vibration in Lead Screw Drives serves as the definitive text on the friction-induced vibration of lead screws, and includes a practical case study where the developed methods are used to study the excessive noise problem of a lead screw drive system and to put forward design modifications that eliminate the friction-induced vibrations.
Friction-Induced Vibrations and Self-Organization: Mechanics and Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Sliding Contact
by Michael Nosonovsky Vahid MortazaviMany scientists and engineers do not realize that, under certain conditions, friction can lead to the formation of new structures at the interface, including in situ tribofilms and various patterns. In turn, these structures-usually formed by destabilization of the stationary sliding regime-can lead to the reduction of friction and wear. Friction-I
Friction Material Composites
by K. L. SundarkrishnaaFriction Material Composites is the first volume of the five volumes which strongly educates and updates engineers and other professionals in braking industries, research and test labs. It explains besides the formulation of design processes and its complete manufacturing input. This book gives an idea of mechanisms of friction and how to control them by designing .The book is useful for designers of automotive, rail and aero industries for designing the brake systems effectively with the integration of friction material composite design which is critical. It clearly emphasizes the driving safety and how serious designers should select the design input. The significance of friction material component like brake pad or a liner as an integral part of the brake system of vehicles is explained. AFM pictures at nanolevel illustrate broadly the explanations given.
Friction Ridge Analysis: Applications of Nanoparticles for Latent Fingerprint Development (Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials)
by Kumud Kant Awasthi Mahipal Singh Sankhla Sally Lukose Kapil PariharThe book presents emerging techniques for the development of latent fingerprint on various surfaces using nanotechnology. It explores the use of nanoparticles for the development of fingerprints. Various topics covered in this book include chemistry of nanomaterials for finger printing, quantum dots in fingerprinting, florescent nanoparticles in fingerprinting, nanocomposite and hybrid materials for fingerprints, carbon-based nanomaterial, silver and gold nanoparticles development of fingerprint, zinc oxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles for development of fingerprints, etc. Given the contents, the book will be highly useful for the students, researchers and professionals working in the areas of forensic science and nanotechnology.
Friction Science and Technology: From Concepts to Applications, Second Edition
by Peter J. Blau"Should have broad appeal in many kinds of industry, ranging from automotive to computers-basically any organization concerned with products having moving parts!"-David A. Rigney, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, USAIn-Depth Coverage of Frictional ConceptsFriction affects so many aspects of daily l
Friction Stir Spot Welding: Metallurgical, Mechanical and Tribological Properties (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by Jeyaprakash Natarajan K. Anton Savio LewiseFriction Stir Spot Welding offers an introduction to friction stir spot welding (FSSW) between both similar and dissimilar metals and materials. It explains the impact of the interlayer in FSSW of different metals with regard to mechanical, metallurgical, wear, thermo-mechanical, and chemical characteristics.Emphasizing the impact of interlayer on FSSW of different metals, this book discusses the influence of the interlayer in the process as a new technique. Using aerospace and automotive structures as examples, the book explains how their components successfully employ materials like dissimilar aluminium alloys, yielding increased electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics. It also considers the reinforcement, effect of tool geometry, wettability, and corrosion behavior of joints.This book is intended for mechanical, materials, and manufacturing professionals, researchers, and engineers working in the field of FSSW.
Friction Stir Welding and Processing (Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology)
by Yongxian Huang Yuming Xie Xiangchen MengThis book introduces the principles and characteristics of friction stir welding and processing. Based on the inherent issues of friction stir welding, such as back support, weld thinning, and keyhole defects, the book summarizes innovative technologies related to solution strategies and presents a wide range of examples. It introduces the advantages and joining mechanism of friction stir welding in the joining of dissimilar materials and explains the importance of combining metallurgical bonding and mechanical joining. It also includes the characteristics of friction stir processing in terms of microstructure refinement, mechanical properties, surface modification, and the preparation of composites. This book is of interest to a broad readership in various fields of materials science and engineering.
Friction Stir Welding and Processing: Fundamentals to Advancements
by Sandeep Rathee Manu Srivastava J. Paulo DavimA single source of information on the fundamental concepts and latest research applications of friction stir welding and processing Friction Stir Welding and Processing: Fundamentals to Advancements provides concise yet comprehensive coverage of the field of friction stir welding, with an eye toward future research directions and applications. Throughout the book, case studies provide real-world context and highlight applications for various engineering sectors. With contributions from an array of leaders in the field, Friction Stir Welding and Processing provides readers with a single source of information on all aspects of FSW and FSP. After explaining the fundamentals of friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants, the book discusses composite fabrication techniques using friction stir processing (FSP). Different types of friction techniques are covered, as is the equipment used. Detailed characterization of samples and composites are included. Additional topics discussed include the impact of FSW on the economics of production, methods for coupling FSW/FSP with additive manufacturing, composite fabrication, and process-property relationships. Master the basic concepts of friction stir welding and its variants Discover the role of FSW in developing hybrid manufacturing techniques Follow case studies that connect theoretical concepts to real-world experimental results Learn from contributions from an array of global thought leaders in the field This is a valuable compendium on the topic for engineers and designers who utilize welding and advanced manufacturing across industries, as well as graduate students and post-graduate researchers who are exploring new friction stir welding applications.
Friction Stir Welding and Processing IX
by Yuri Hovanski Rajiv Mishra Yutaka Sato Piyush Upadhyay David YanThis books presents a current look at friction stir welding technology from application to characterization and from modeling to R&D. It is a compilation of the recent progress relating to friction stir technologies including derivative technologies, high-temperature applications, industrial applications, dissimilar alloy/materials, lightweight alloys, simulation, and characterization. With contributions from leaders and experts in industry and academia, this will be a comprehensive source for the field of Friction Stir Welding and Processing.
Friction Stir Welding and Processing XI (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Yuri Hovanski Yutaka Sato Piyush Upadhyay Anton A. Naumov Nilesh KumarThis collection presents fundamentals and the current status of friction stir welding (FSW) and solid-state friction stir processing of materials, and provides researchers and engineers with an opportunity to review the current status of the friction stir related processes and discuss the future possibilities. Contributions cover various aspects of friction stir welding and processing including their derivative technologies. Topics include but are not limited to: • derivative technologies • high-temperature lightweight applications • industrial applications • dissimilar alloys and/or materials • controls and nondestructive examination • simulation • characterization
Friction Stir Welding and Processing XII (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Yuri Hovanski Yutaka Sato Piyush Upadhyay Anton A. Naumov Nilesh KumarThis collection presents fundamentals and the current status of friction stir welding (FSW) and solid-state friction stir processing of materials and provides researchers and engineers with an opportunity to review the current status of the friction stir related processes and discuss the future possibilities. Contributions cover various aspects of friction stir welding and processing including their derivative technologies. Topics include, but are not limited to:• Derivative technologies • High-temperature applications • Industrial applications • Dissimilar alloys and/or materials • Lightweight alloys • Simulation • Characterization • Non-destructive examination techniques
Friction Stir Welding and Processing XIII (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Yuri Hovanski Yutaka Sato Piyush Upadhyay Nilesh Kumar Anton A. NaumovThis volume presents fundamentals and the current status of friction stir welding (FSW) and solid-state friction stir processing of materials and provides researchers and engineers with an opportunity to review the current status of the friction stir related processes and discuss the future possibilities. Contributions cover various aspects of friction stir welding and processing including their derivative technologies. Topics include but are not limited to: Additive friction stir technologies Friction stir extrusion technologies High temperature applications Industrial applications Friction stir spot technologies Dissimilar alloys and materials Lightweight alloys Simulation, characterization, and non-destructive examination techniques