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Hydroponics and Protected Cultivation: A Practical Guide
by Dr Lynette MorganA comprehensive, practical text which covers a diverse range of hydroponic and protected cropping techniques, systems, greenhouse types and environments. It also details the use of indoor plant factories, vertical systems, organic hydroponics and aquaponics. Worldwide hydroponic cropping operations can vary from large, corporate producers running many hectares of greenhouse systems particularly for crops such as tomato, cucumber, capsicum and lettuce, to smaller-scale growers growing fresh produce for local markets. Included in this book: Detailed technical information to help growers and students to design and run their own hydroponic operations. In-depth research to explain the factors that influence plant growth, produce quality, post-harvest life and hydroponic plant nutrition. New advances such as the use of organic nutrients and substrates, completely enclosed indoor plant factories and the growing number of small-scale, non-commercial applications. Hydroponics and Protected Cultivation is fully illustrated with colour images and photographs to illustrate key topics and help identify problem areas. It is suitable for growers, researchers and students in horticulture.
Hydropower Development in the Mekong Region: Political, Socio-economic and Environmental Perspectives (Earthscan Studies in Water Resource Management)
by Nathanial Matthews Kim GehebThe Mekong Basin is home to some 70 million people, for whom this great river is a source of livelihoods, the basis for their ecosystems and a foundation of their economies. But the Mekong is also currently undergoing enormous social, economic, and ecological change of which hydropower development is a significant driver. This book provides a basin-wide analysis of political, socio-economic and environmental perspectives of hydropower development in the Mekong Basin. It includes chapters from China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Written by regional experts from some of the region's leading research institutions, the book provides an holistic analysis of the shifting socio-political contexts within which hydropower is framed, legitimised and executed. Drawing heavily on political ecologies and political economics to examine the economic, social, political and ecological drivers of hydropower, the book's basin wide approach illuminates how hydropower development, and its benefits and impacts, are linked multilaterally across the basin. The research in the book is derived from empirical research conducted from 2012-2013 as part of the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food's Mekong programme.
Hydropower Efficiency, Grade 4: STEM Road Map for Elementary School (STEM Road Map Curriculum Series)
by Carla C. Johnson Janet B. Walton Peters-Burton, Erin E.What if you could challenge your fourth graders to create a minimally invasive, highly efficient dam? With this volume in the STEM Road Map Curriculum Series, you can! Hydropower Efficiency outlines a journey that will steer your students toward authentic problem solving while grounding them in integrated STEM disciplines. Like the other volumes in the series, this book is designed to meet the growing need to infuse real-world learning into K–12 classrooms.This interdisciplinary, four-lesson module uses project- and problem-based learning to help students create a highly efficient dam that has a minimal impact on the environment. Students will explore the use of natural resources to provide energy needs, specifically hydropower, while exploring the workings of watermills, wind turbines, and generators to help build an understanding of the effects of dams. In creating their dam, they will learn about the various types of alternative hydropower sources, including wave and tidal power, and track the progress of electrification in the U.S. on a timeline; alongside researching the positive and negative consequences of hydropower.To support this goal, students will do the following: Use the engineering design process (EDP) to create a design for a dam, wind turbine, and water wheel Compare and contrast renewable power sources Evaluate power sources for efficiency Identify positive and negative consequences of human modifications of the environment Identify and describe how several sources of renewable energy are used across the U.S. Use mapping skills to determine where natural resources are being accessed for energy usage Effectively utilize shapes, materials, and measurements to create a model of a hydropower system The STEM Road Map Curriculum Series is anchored in the Next Generation Science Standards, the Common Core State Standards, and the Framework for 21st Century Learning. In-depth and flexible, Hydropower Efficiency can be used as a whole unit or in part to meet the needs of districts, schools, and teachers who are charting a course toward an integrated STEM approach.
Hydropower in the New Millennium: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference Hydropower, Bergen, Norway, 20-22 June 2001
by Bjørn Honningsvåg Grethe Holm Midttømme Kjell Repp Kjetil Arne Vaskinn Trond WesterenThe power sector has undergone a liberalization process both in industrialized and developing countries, involving market regimes, as well as ownership structure. These processes have called for new and innovative concepts, affecting both the operation of existing hydropower plants and transmission facilities, as well as the development and implementation of new projects. At the same time a sharper focus is being placed on environmental considerations. In this context it is important to emphasize the obvious benefits of hydropower as a clean, renewable and sustainable energy source. It is however also relevant to focus on the impact on the local environment during the planning and operation of hydropower plants. New knowledge and methods have been developed that make it possible to mitigate the local undesirable effects of such projects. Development and operation of modern power systems require sophisticated technology. Continuous research and development in this field is therefore crucial to maintaining hydropower as a competitive and environmentally well-accepted form of power generation.
Hydropower Plants and Power Systems: Dynamic Processes and Control for Stable and Efficient Operation (Springer Theses)
by Weijia YangThis book reports on a comprehensive study addressing the dynamic responses of hydropower plants under diverse conditions and disturbances, and analyzes their stability and oscillations. Multiple models based on eight existing hydropower plants in Sweden and China were developed and used for simulations and theoretical analysis with various degrees of complexity and for different purposes, and compared with on-site measurements for validations. The book offers important insights into the understanding of the hydraulic, mechanical and electrical coupling mechanisms, up to market conditions and incentives. It recommends control strategies for a more stable and efficient operation of hydropower plants.
Hydropower Screws: Calculation and Optimal Design of Archimedean Screws
by Dirk Michael NuernbergkWater screw conveyors have been in use for centuries. Their invention is attributed to Archimedes. However, the idea of using this Archimedean screw also as a hydropower screw to convert hydraulic energy into electrical energy did not emerge until the 1990s. More recently, hydropower screws have been used very frequently at hydropower sites and have now also attracted increasing interest from scientists and users worldwide. This is due to the machine's very good efficiency, it's simple and inexpensive design, and its fish compatibility. This book provides calculation fundamentals for hydropower screws. The author focuses on the description of the hydraulic processes and gives a design flow that can be used to design hydropower screws. The hydraulic behavior, dimensions, speed, efficiency, forces acting on the screw such as sag or lift, as well as the arrangement of the gearbox and the choice of generator are discussed. The theoretical equations, some of which are newly derived, are applied using examples. Finally, a design flow is given that can be used to easily adapt an optimally designed hydropower screw to a location. New findings presented in various scientific publications have been incorporated into the translation of the second German edition. In addition, experiments were carried out at different locations, which led to a better understanding of the available data basis. This has allowed the theoretical predictions of this book to be confirmed experimentally. In addition, the author has investigated a number of faulty installations and has been involved in the design of successful working waterpower plants equipped with hydropower screws.
Hydroprocessing for Clean Energy: Design, Operation, and Optimization
by Edwin Yuh Frank Xin Zhu Richard Hoehn Vasant ThakkarProvides a holistic approach that looks at changing process conditions, possible process design changes, and process technology upgrades Includes process integration techniques for improving process designs and for applying optimization techniques for improving operations focusing on hydroprocessing units. Discusses in details all important aspects of hydroprocessing - including catalytic materials, reaction mechanism, as well as process design, operation and control, troubleshooting and optimization Methods and tools are introduced that have a successful application track record at UOP and many industrial plants in recent years Includes relevant calculations/software/technologies hosted online for purchasers of the book
Hydrostatic Testing, Corrosion, and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: A Field Manual for Control and Prevention
by Reza Javaherdashti Farzaneh AkvanHydrostatic Testing, Corrosion, and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: A Field Manual for Control and Prevention teaches industry professionals, managers, and researchers how to combat corrosion failure associated with hydrotesting. It discusses how a test liquid must be selected, how corrosion by bacteria should be controlled, and how to eliminate the risk of leakage. Rather than teaching how hydrotests should be conducted, it helps the reader evaluate the quality of a hydrotest that’s already been conducted in terms of oxygen scavenger use, biocide testing, inhibitor addition, and water quality and explains the tasks that top and middle management must ensure are taken with respect to corrosion assessment of hydrotesting. The manual also discusses microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) as the main corrosion mechanism related to post-hydrotesting and offers essential knowledge on combating this corrosion process. In addition to being a manual for top and middle management on how to deal with corrosion, this book also:
Hydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators
by Gustavo Koury Costa Nariman SepehriHydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators takes a pedagogical approach and begins with an overview of the subject, providing basic definitions and introducing fundamental concepts. Hydrostatic transmissions and hydrostatic actuators are then examined in more detail with coverage of pumps and motors, hydrostatic solutions to single-rod actuators, energy management and efficiency and dynamic response. Consideration is also given to current and emerging applications of hydrostatic transmissions and actuators in automobiles, mobile equipment, wind turbines, wave energy harvesting and airplanes. End of chapter exercises and real world industrial examples are included throughout and a companion website hosting a solution manual is also available. Hydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators is an up to date and comprehensive textbook suitable for courses on fluid power systems and technology, and mechatronics systems design.
Hydrostatics and Stability of Marine Vehicles: Theory and Practice (Springer Series on Naval Architecture, Marine Engineering, Shipbuilding and Shipping #7)
by Byung Suk LeeThis book addresses the hydrostatics and stability of ships and other floating marine structures - a fundamental aspect of naval architecture and offshore engineering for naval architects and marine engineers. It starts from the most basic concepts, assuming that the reader has no prior knowledge of the subject. By presenting the topic in a methodical and step-by-step manner, the book helps students to enhance their understanding, while also providing valuable guidelines for lecturers teaching related courses.
Hydrostatische Führungen und Lager
by Bozina PerovicWerkzeugmaschinen mit hydrostatischen Führungen behalten über Jahre ihre Eigenschaften bei: Sie sind spielfrei, arbeiten ohne Verschleiß und weisen eine ausgezeichnete Dämpfung auf. Das Buch unterstützt Konstrukteure von Werkzeugmaschinen, Führungen und Lager bei der Berechnung und Auslegung der passenden Hydraulikpläne. Während im ersten Teil prinzipielle Darstellungen und Beschreibungen präsentiert werden, enthält der zweite Teil vollständige Ausführungen, Berechnungsformeln und -schritte sowie Hydraulikpläne für drei Ölversorgungssysteme.
Hydrostructural Pedology
by Amjad T. Assi Rabi H. Mohtar Erik BraudeauWe first define the scientific problems of soil science to show that it cannot progress without a physical and systemic approach to the internal organization of the soil and its functionality with water. We show how the systems approach presented and described by Le Moigne (1994) should be reversed and modified in its application to soil science, descriptive science of the organization of the soil, to allow the development of a physical interaction between water and soil structure. This led us to particularly the exact formulation of thermodynamic state equations of the pedostructure. Thus, is opened the possibility of physical coupling, interdisciplinary, between biological models of the living and the organized soil medium represented by the pedon, its horizons and its pedostructures.Links to spreadsheets for figures referenced in the book (for download) are available at http://wefnexus.tamu.edu/hydrostructural-pedology/.
Hydrothermal Behavior of Fiber- and Nanomaterial-Reinforced Polymer Composites
by Bankim Chandra Ray Ramesh Kumar Nayak Dibyaranjan Rout Kishore Kumar MahatoHydrothermal Behavior of Fiber- and Nanomaterial-Reinforced Polymer Composites provides critical information regarding the in-service environmental damage and degradation studies of nano/fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites focusing on hydrothermal degradation. Covering hydrothermal properties of a wide range of polymer composites, the book is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and professionals in material engineering, composite materials, nanomaterials, and related fields.
Hydrothermal Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Low-Carbon Fuels (Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion)
by Fangming JinThe book covers advances in hydrothermal reduction of CO2 into low-carbon fuels. It offers perspectives from chemical engineering, environmental chemicals, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, geology and materials science. It addresses fundamentals and applications of hydrothermal chemical processes, associated materials, and technologies. It describes reduction with biomass and dissociation of water by solar energy-driven two-step process. Challenges and strategies are discussed to facilitate research and development.
Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking Processes in Refining Technology (Petroleum Refining Technology Series)
by James G. SpeightWritten by an industry expert with over 50 years of experience, this book details the various solvent processes that are used in crude oil refineries. Providing an in-depth exploration of the different types of processes, as well as the types of feedstocks that can be used with them, this book prepares readers for changes as the industry evolves. Key Features: Describes feedstock evaluation and the effects of elemental, chemical, and fractional composition. Contains an extensive glossary of all related concepts in hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. Considers next-generation processes and developments. This book is an essential guide for engineers, scientists, and students in the field of petroleum processing and refining technology, including professionals, technicians, management personnel, and academics.
Hydroxyapatite and Related Materials
by Paul W. Brown Brent ConstantzAudienceApplied biomathematicians, orthopedists, clinical orthopedists.
Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Biomedical Applications (Advances In Materials Science And Engineering Ser.)
by Sam ZhangHydroxyapatite coatings are of great importance in the biological and biomedical coatings fields, especially in the current era of nanotechnology and bioapplications. With a bonelike structure that promotes osseointegration, hydroxyapatite coating can be applied to otherwise bioinactive implants to make their surface bioactive, thus achieving faster healing and recovery. In addition to applications in orthopedic and dental implants, this coating can also be used in drug delivery. Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Biomedical Applications explores developments in the processing and property characterization and applications of hydroxyapatite to provide timely information for active researchers and newcomers alike. In eight carefully reviewed chapters, hydroxyapatite experts from the United States, Japan, Singapore, and China present the latest on topics ranging from deposition processes to biomedical applications in implants and drug delivery. This book discusses: Magnetron sputtering and electrochemical deposition The modification of hydroxyapatite properties by sol–gel deposition to incorporate other elements found in natural bones, such as zinc, magnesium, and fluorine The use of pure hydroxyapatite in drug delivery applications The growth or self-assembly of hydroxyapatite on shape memory alloy Hydroxyapatite composite coatings—with carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and others—on the titanium alloy Offering valuable insights and a wealth of data, including numerous tables and figures, this is a rich source of information for research on hydroxyapatite coatings. Each chapter also covers material that provides an accessible stepping stone for those who are new to the field.
Hygienegerechte Apparate und Anlagen: In der Lebensmittel-, Pharma- und Kosmetikindustrie
by Gerhard HauserIn der Lebensmittel-, der kosmetischen, pharmazeutischen und chemischen Industrie sowie in der Biotechnologie ist zum Schutz vor Kontamination ein hygienischer Produktionsprozess sehr wichtig. Sichere Qualitatsprodukte lassen sich nur mit Anlagen herstellen, die sich zuverlassig reinigen lassen. Deshalb spielt bei der Herstellung hochreiner Produkte "Hygienic Design" moderner Anlagen, Apparate, Komponenten und Prozessraume eine entscheidende Rolle. In allen Industriezweigen konnen dadurch erhebliche Kosten fur den Reinigungsaufwand und zur Reduzierung der Umweltbelastung eingespart werden. Das vorliegende Werk baut auf dem Buch Hygienische Produktionstechnologie auf und beschreibt die Komponenten und Bauteile, die fur die Konstruktion hygienegerechter Apparate und Anlagen benotigt werden. Es richtet sich besonders an Ingenieure im konstruktiven Bereich in der Lebensmittel-, Pharma- und Kosmetikindustrie, aber auch an Betriebsangehorige, die fur Qualitat, Risikoanalysen und Produktsicherheit bei der Produktherstellung verantwortlich sind.
Hygrothermal Behavior, Building Pathology and Durability
by Vasco Peixoto Freitas J.M.P.Q. DelgadoThe main purpose of this book, Hygrothermal, Building Pathology and Durability, is to provide a collection of recent research works to contribute to the systematization and dissemination of knowledge related to construction pathology, hygrothermal behaviour of buildings, durability and diagnostic techniques and, simultaneously, to show the most recent advances in this domain. It includes a set of new developments in the field of building physics and hygrothermal behaviour, durability approach for historical and old buildings and building pathology vs. durability. The book is divided in several chapters that are a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues, scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other interested parties to network.
Hygrothermal Behaviour and Building Pathologies (Building Pathology and Rehabilitation #14)
by J. M. P. Q. DelgadoThis book presents recent research in the area of construction pathology, hygrothermal behaviour of buildings, service life and diagnostic techniques, and highlights the latest developments in building physics, hygrothermal behaviour, durability and numerical models applied to building materials analysis. Discussing the state of the art in the field, and covering topics relevant to variety of engineering disciplines, such as civil, materials and mechanical engineering, it will appeal to scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other stakeholders.
Hygrothermal Numerical Simulation Tools Applied to Building Physics
by Vasco Peixoto Freitas Eva Barreira Nuno M.M. Ramos João M.P.Q. DelgadoThis book presents a critical review on the development and application of hygrothermal analysis methods to simulate the coupled transport processes of Heat, Air, and Moisture (HAM) transfer for one or multidimensional cases. During the past few decades there has been relevant development in this field of study and an increase in the professional use of tools that simulate some of the physical phenomena that are involved in Heat, Air and Moisture conditions in building components or elements. Although there is a significant amount of hygrothermal models referred in the literature, the vast majority of them are not easily available to the public outside the institutions where they were developed, which restricts the analysis of this book to only 14 hygrothermal modelling tools. The special features of this book are (a) a state-of-the-art of numerical simulation tools applied to building physics, (b) the boundary conditions importance, (c) the material properties, namely, experimental methods for the measurement of relevant transport properties, and (d) the numerical investigation and application The main benefit of the book is that it discusses all the topics related to numerical simulation tools in building components (including state-of-the-art and applications) and presents some of the most important theoretical and numerical developments in building physics, providing a self-contained major reference that is appealing to both the scientists and the engineers. At the same time, this book will be going to the encounter of a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as civil and mechanical engineering, architecture, etc... The book is divided in several chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues.
Hypatia von Alexandria
by Laurel A. RockefellerAls die westliche Welt in Dunkelheit versank, wagte sie, das Licht zu verteidigen. Geboren im Jahr 355 der christlichen Zeitrechnung, im Nachhall von Konstantins Regierung, lebte Hypatia von Alexandria in einem zusammenbrechenden Römischen Reich. In einer Welt, in der der Gehorsam gegen religiöse Autoritäten über die Wissenschaft triumphierte, in der Logik und Verstand die neue Weltordnung bedrohten. Es war eine Welt an der Grenze zum düsteren Mittelalter, eine Welt, die über die Fragen Wissenschaft gegen Religion, Freiheit gegen Strenggläubigkeit, Toleranz gegen Hass entschied. Über vierzig Jahre stand Hypatia zwischen dem dunklen Zeitalter und dem Licht der Philosophie, Künste und Wissenschaft. Auch wenn keines ihrer Werke die offensive Bücherverbrennung religiöser Fanatiker überdauert hat, so bleibt doch ihr Vermächtnis als eine der größten Gelehrten aller Zeiten. Dies ist ihre faszinierende und wahre Geschichte. Das Buch beinhaltet außerdem eine Bibliografie, eine detaillierte Zeitleiste und die Längen- und Breitengrade ausgewählter Städte des Römischen Reiches, sodass Sie die Wunder des Himmels gemeinsam mit Hypatia erkunden können.
Hyper Bio Assembler for 3D Cellular Systems
by Tatsuo Arai Fumihito Arai Masayuki YamatoHyper Bio Assembler for Cellular Systems is the first book to present a new methodology for measuring and separating target cells at high speed and constructing 3D cellular systems in vitro. This book represents a valuable resource for biologists, biophysicists and robotic engineers, as well as researchers interested in this new frontier area, offering a better understanding of the measurement, separation, assembly, analysis and synthesis of complex biological tissue, and of the medical applications of these technologies. This book is the outcome of the new academic fields of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology's Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Japan.
Hyper-specializing in Saxophone Using Acoustical Insight and Deep Listening Skills (Current Research in Systematic Musicology #6)
by Jonas BraaschThis book presents a novel method of grafting musical wind instruments by exchanging an instrument’s standard mouthpiece with different tone generators. Using the concrete example of the soprano saxophone, it describes how, with six other tone generators, including brass, double reed, and free reed mechanisms, the saxophone can be extended to nearly every wind instrument category in the von Hornbostel and Sachs classification system. The book demonstrates how it is possible to play these instrument variations with high proficiency, and describes the method of hyper-specialization, including acoustical insights, conservatory training methods and the underlying philosophy. The latter is based on the cultural traditions of the different wind instrument prototypes and the Deep Listening philosophy of cultivating internal diversity, and approach that leads to a new level of wind instrument virtuosity that offers great timbral variety combined with the flexibility of a regular acoustic wind instrument.
Hyperautomation for Next-Generation Industries
by Balamurugan Balusamy Ali Kashif Bashir Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj M. Nalini A. DanielThis book is essential for anyone looking to understand how hyperautomation can revolutionize businesses by simplifying operations, reducing errors, and creating more intelligent and adaptable workplaces through the use of automation technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotic process automation. The use of automation technologies to simplify any and every activity conceivable in a business, allowing repeated operations to operate without manual intervention, is known as hyperautomation. Hyperautomation transforms current and old processes and equipment by utilizing artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotic process automation. This digital transformation may assist a business in gaining cost and resource efficiency, allowing it to prosper in a more competitive environment. With the advancement of automation technologies, hyperautomation is becoming more prevalent. Companies are shifting their methods to create more human-centered and intelligent workplaces. This change has ushered in a new era for organizations that rely on technology and automation tools to stay competitive. Businesses may move beyond technology’s distinct advantages to genuine digital agility and scale adaptability when all forms of automation operate together in close partnership. Automation tools must be simple to incorporate into the current technological stack while not requiring too much effort from IT. A platform must be able to plug and play with a wide range of technologies to achieve hyperautomation. The interdependence of automation technologies is a property that is connected to hyperautomation. Hyperautomation saves individuals time and money by reducing errors. Hyperautomation has the potential to create a workplace that is intelligent, adaptable, and capable of making quick, accurate decisions based on data and insights. Model recognition is used to determine what to do next and to optimize processes with the least amount of human engagement possible.