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Handbook of Artificial Intelligence for Smart City Development: Management Systems and Technology Challenges (Big Data for Industry 4.0)
by Sandhya Makkar Gobinath Ravindran Ripon Kumar Chakrabortty Arindam PalThis handbook explores smart cities of the future, provides an understanding of their development and management systems, and discusses the technology challenges. It also discusses why and how humankind can benefit from them.Handbook of Artificial Intelligence for Smart City Development: Management Systems and Technology Challenges covers the whole journey of the development of smart cities, from the foundations to the usage of technologies, including the challenges and issues that policymakers and technologists may face during the concept, development, management, and implementation stage. The book also covers sustainable strategies and safety measures and offers real-life cases and advancements in manufacturing approaches for smart cities. The book includes upcoming AI technologies such as big data analytics, blockchain, machine learning, fault diagnostics, and a lot more.This handbook is intended to appeal to readers from industry and research. The book is also meant for academicians and students from across many disciplines. Moreover, this book is a medium for consultants, government agencies, and policymakers to grapple with topics and perspectives outside their lane
Handbook of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Vol 2: Practicalities and Prospects (Intelligent Systems Reference Library #212)
by Lakhmi C. Jain Yen-Wei Chen Chee-Peng Lim Ashlesha Vaidya Charu MahorkarArtificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed many aspects of our daily activities. Health and well-being of humans stand as one of the key domains where AI has achieved significant progresses, saving time, costs, and potentially lives, as well as fostering economic resilience, particularly under the COVID-19 pandemic environments. This book is a sequel of the Handbook of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. The first volume of the Handbook is dedicated to present advances and applications of AI methodologies in several specific areas, i.e., signal, image, and video processing as well as information and data analytics. In this second volume of the Handbook, general practicality challenges and future prospects of AI methodologies pertaining to healthcare and related domains are presented in Part 1 and Part 2, respectively. It is envisaged that the selected studies will provide readers a general perspective on the issues, challenges, and opportunities in designing, developing, and implementing AI-based tools and solutions in the healthcare sector, bringing benefits to transform and advance health and well-being development of humans..
Handbook of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Vol. 1 - Advances and Applications (Intelligent Systems Reference Library #211)
by Chee-Peng Lim Ashlesha Vaidya Kiran Jain Virag U. Mahorkar Lakhmi C. JainThis handbook on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare consists of two volumes. The first volume is dedicated to advances and applications of AI methodologies in specific healthcare problems, while the second volume is concerned with general practicality issues and challenges and future prospects in the healthcare context. The advent of digital and computing technologies has created a surge in the development of AI methodologies and their penetration to a variety of activities in our daily lives in recent years. Indeed, researchers and practitioners have designed and developed a variety of AI-based systems to help advance health and well-being of humans.In this first volume, we present a number of latest studies in AI-based tools and techniques from two broad categories, viz., medical signal, image, and video processing as well as healthcare information and data analytics in Part 1 and Part 2, respectively. These selected studies offer readers practical knowledge and understanding pertaining to the recent advances and applications of AI in the healthcare sector.
Handbook of Aseptic Processing and Packaging
by Jairus R. D. David, Pablo M. Coronel and Josip SimunovicNine years have passed since the second edition of the Handbook of Aseptic Processing and Packaging was published. Significant changes have taken place in several aseptic processing and packaging areas. These include aseptic filling of plant-based beverages for non-refrigerated shelf-stable formats for longer shelf life and sustainable packaging along with cost of environmental benefits to leverage savings on energy and carbon footprint. In addition, insight into safe processing of particulates using two- and three-dimensional thermal processing followed by prompt cooling is provided. In the third edition, the editors have compiled contemporary topics with information synthesized from internationally recognized authorities in their fields. In addition to updated information, 12 new chapters have been added in this latest release with content on Design of the aseptic processing system and thermal processing Thermal process equipment and technology for heating and cooling Flow and residence time distribution (RTD) for homogeneous and heterogeneous fluids Thermal process and optimization of aseptic processing containing solid particulates Aseptic filling and packaging equipment for retail products and food service Design of facility, infrastructure, and utilities Cleaning and sanitization for aseptic processing and packaging operations Microbiology of aseptically processed and packaged products Risk-based analyses and methodologies Establishment of "validated state" for aseptic processing and packaging systems Quality and food safety management systems for aseptic and extended shelf life (ESL) manufacturing Computational and numerical models and simulations for aseptic processing Also, there are seven new appendices on original patents, examples of typical thermal process calculations, and particulate studies—single particle and multiple-type particles, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) filing The three editors and 22 contributors to this volume have more than 250 years of combined experience encompassing manufacturing, innovation in processing and packaging, R&D, quality assurance, and compliance. Their insight provides a comprehensive update on this rapidly developing leading-edge technology for the food processing industry. The future of aseptic processing and packaging of foods and beverages will be driven by customer-facing convenience and taste, use of current and new premium clean label natural ingredients, use of multifactorial preservation or hurdle technology for maximizing product quality, and sustainable packaging with claims and messaging.
Handbook of Asynchronous Machines with Variable Speed
by Hubert RazikThis handbook deals with the asynchronous machine in its close environment. It was born from a reflection on this electromagnetic converter whose integration in industrial environments takes a wide part. Previously this type of motor operated at fixed speed, from now on it has been integrated more and more in processes at variable speed. For this reason it seemed useful, or necessary, to write a handbook on the various aspects from the motor in itself, via the control and while finishing by the diagnosis aspect. Indeed, an asynchronous motor is used nowadays in industry where variation speed and reliability are necessary. We must know permanently for the sensitive systems, the state of process and to inform the operator of the appearance of any anomaly and its severity.
Handbook of Atomization and Sprays
by Nasser AshgrizAtomization and sprays are used in a wide range of industries: mechanical, chemical, aerospace, and civil engineering; material science and metallurgy; food; pharmaceutical, forestry, environmental protection; medicine; agriculture; meteorology and others. Some specific applications are spray combustion in furnaces, gas turbines and rockets, spray drying and cooling, air conditioning, powdered metallurgy, spray painting and coating, inhalation therapy, and many others. The Handbook of Atomization and Sprays will bring together the fundamental and applied material from all fields into one comprehensive source. Subject areas included in the reference are droplets, theoretical models and numerical simulations, phase Doppler particle analysis, applications, devices and more.
Handbook of Automotive Human Factors
by Motoyuki AkamatsuThanks to advances in computer technology in the last twenty years, navigation system, cabin environment control, ACC, advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) and automated driving have become a part of the automobile experience. Improvement in technology enables us to design these with greater flexibility and provide greater value to the driver (human centered design). To achieve this, research is required by laboratories, automobile and auto parts manufacturers. Although there has been a lot of effort in human factors research and development, starting from basic research to product development, the knowledge and experience has not been integrated optimally. <p><P>The aim of this book is to collect and review the information for researchers, designers and developers to learn and apply them for further research and development of human centered design of future automotive technologies. Automotive human factors include psychological, physiological, mathematical, engineering and even sociological aspects. This book offers valuable insights to applying the right approach in the right place.
Handbook of Automotive Power Electronics and Motor Drives (Electrical and Computer Engineering #Vol. 125)
by Ali EmadiInitially, the only electric loads encountered in an automobile were for lighting and the starter motor. Today, demands on performance, safety, emissions, comfort, convenience, entertainment, and communications have seen the working-in of seemingly innumerable advanced electronic devices. Consequently, vehicle electric systems require larger capacities and more complex configurations to deal with these demands. Covering applications in conventional, hybrid-electric, and electric vehicles, the Handbook of Automotive Power Electronics and Motor Drives provides a comprehensive reference for automotive electrical systems.This authoritative handbook features contributions from an outstanding international panel of experts from industry and academia, highlighting existing and emerging technologies. Divided into five parts, the Handbook of Automotive Power Electronics and Motor Drives offers an overview of automotive power systems, discusses semiconductor devices, sensors, and other components, explains different power electronic converters, examines electric machines and associated drives, and details various advanced electrical loads as well as battery technology for automobile applications.As we seek to answer the call for safer, more efficient, and lower-emission vehicles from regulators and consumer insistence on better performance, comfort, and entertainment, the technologies outlined in this book are vital for engineering advanced vehicles that will satisfy these criteria.
Handbook of Aviation Human Factors
by John A. Wise V. David Hopkin Daniel J. GarlandA complete examination of issues and concepts relating to human factors in simulation, this book covers theory and application in space, ships, submarines, naval aviation, and commercial aviation. The authors examine issues of simulation and their effect on the validity and functionality of simulators as a training device. The chapters contain in d
Handbook of Bakery and Confectionery
by S.M.D. MathuravalliBakery products, due to great nutrient value and affordability, are an element of huge consumption. Due to the rapidly increasing population, the rising foreign influence, the emergence of a working population and the changing eating habits of people, they have gained popularity among people, causing significantly to the growth trajectory of the bakery industry. The Handbook of Bakery and Confectionery delineates a theoretical and practical knowledge on bakery and confectionery.Chapter 1-21: This part deals with basic concepts in baking and includes chapters on all bakery ingredients and their functions, bakery products in the baking industry.Chapter 22-23: This section provides an affluent information about production of various chocolates and toffees. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
Handbook of Banana Production, Postharvest Science, Processing Technology, and Nutrition
by Jasim Ahmed Maria Gloria LoboA comprehensive guide that covers the banana’s full value chain – from production to consumption The banana is the world’s fourth major fruit crop. Offering a unique and in-depth overview of the fruit’s entire value chain, this important new handbook charts its progression from production through to harvest, postharvest, processing, and consumption. The most up-to-date data and best practices are drawn together to present guidelines on innovative storage, processing, and packaging technologies, while fresh approaches to quality management and the value-added utilization of banana byproducts are also explained. Additionally, the book examines the banana’s physiology, nutritional significance, and potential diseases and pests. The book also Edited by noted experts in the field of food science, this essential text: Provides a new examination of the world’s fourth major fruit crop Covers the fruit’s entire value chain Offers dedicated chapters on bioactive and phytochemical compounds found in bananas and the potential of processing byproducts Gives insight into bananas’ antioxidant content and other nutritional properties Identifies and explains present and possible effects of bioactive and phytochemical compounds Handbook of Banana Production, Postharvest Science, Processing Technology, and Nutrition offers the most far-reaching overview of the banana currently available. It will be of great benefit to food industry professionals specializing in fruit processing, packaging, and manufacturing banana-based products. The book is also an excellent resource for those studying or researching food technology, food science, food engineering, food packaging, applied nutrition, biotechnology, and more.
Handbook of Battery Materials
by Claus DanielA one-stop resource for both researchers and development engineers, this comprehensive handbook serves as a daily reference, replacing heaps of individual papers. This second edition features twenty percent more content with new chapters on battery characterization, process technology, failure mechanisms and method development, plus updated information on classic batteries as well as entirely new results on advanced approaches. The authors, from such leading institutions as the US National Labs and from companies such as Panasonic and Sanyo, present a balanced view on battery research and large-scale applications. They follow a distinctly materials-oriented route through the entire field of battery research, thus allowing readers to quickly find the information on the particular materials system relevant to their research.
Handbook of Beef Safety and Quality
by Deborah L. VanOverbekeMake sure your beef harvest, production, and processing methods meet the highest standards Handbook of Beef Safety and Quality is a comprehensive guide to the impact and importance of pre-harvest/production, harvest, and further processing controls, methods and practices on safety and qualitywith commodity beef as the target market. This unique book was developed with the help of American Meat Science Association members to create a safety and quality handbook for the beef industry as it moves toward a consumer-driven market that values flavor, palatability, convenience, nutrient value, and price. The book also includes an extensive glossary, tables and figures, examples of sensory evaluation ballots, and descriptions of USDA quality grade and age verification requirements. The public’s increased concerns about food safety and health risks in the wake of numerous instances of food-borne illness in the past 20 years (E. coli, campylobacteriosis, yersiniosis) and the events surrounding outbreaks of Food and Mouth Disease (FMD), Bovine Spongiform Enchephalopathy (BSE) and Avian Influenza (Bird flu) have led to a more conscious awareness of sound quality assurance practices by food producers and a commitment to management strategies that inspire consumer confidence. The Handbook of Beef Safety and Quality examines pathogen control in animal production, chemical, physical, and biological hazards that pose threats to beef during slaughter and fabrication, the relationship of disease to performance and quality, the need to develop quality-focused supply chains, enhancing beef demand in domestic and international markets, beef carcass quality, sensory attributes, beef muscle palatability, and consumer preferences. Topics addressed in the Handbook of Beef Safety and Quality include: direct-fed microbials antimicrobial intervention immunomodulation residue avoidance Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Systems (HACCP) implementation injection site lesions mouthing and skeletal maturity consumer demand models consumer perceptions of quality and much more! The Handbook of Beef Safety and Quality is an essential resource for beef industry specialists and for educators and students working in meat science and beef production.
Handbook of Best Practices in Sustainable Development at University Level (World Sustainability Series)
by Walter Leal Filho Claudio Ruy Portela de VasconcelosThis book gives a special emphasis to state-of-the-art descriptions of approaches, methods, initiatives, and projects from universities, stakeholders, organizations, and civil society across the world, regarding cross-cutting issues in sustainable development.There is a perceived need for mobilizing the various stakeholders when attempting to promote sustainability in higher education and to promote best practices, which may inspire further initiatives. But despite this need, there are a few publications handling this matter in a coherent way. In order to meet the pressing need for publications which may document and disseminate examples of best practice on sustainable development at university level, the “Handbook of Best Practices in Sustainable Development at University Level” is being published.This book is produced by the European School of Sustainability Science and Research (ESSSR), through the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and contains inputs from authors across all geographical regions.The book also discusses examples of initiatives coordinated by universities but involving civil society, the private sector, and public sector (including local, national, and intergovernmental bodies). In particular, it describes practical experiences, partnerships, networks, and training schemes for building capacity aimed at fostering the cause of sustainable development at institutions of higher education.Thanks to its design and the contributions by experts from various areas, it provides a welcome contribution to the literature on sustainable development, and it may inspire further works in this field.
Handbook of Bioastronautics
by Laurence R. Young Jeffrey P. SuttonThis comprehensive handbook serves the needs of biomedical researchers, space mission planners and engineers, aerospace medicine physicians, graduate students, and professors interested in obtaining an up-to-date and readable introduction to bioastronautics, the science of humans in space. Following the excitement and progress of the birth of the space age in the fifties and sixties, with the successes in human space flight – culminating with the Moon landings – the field of bioastronautics retreated into the more workmanlike arena of successively longer stays in low Earth orbit. At this time, major new initiatives are ahead both in human and robotic space exploration. The International Space Station, along with the developing Chinese space station and lunar program, will permit the development and testing of the means of astronaut protection for long duration missions – eventually to Mars and its moons, as well as visits to asteroids, other NEOs, and the Lagrange points. New life support systems and innovative approaches to radiation protection beyond Earth’s magnetic field will all be developed and tested. Meanwhile, the search for extraterrestrial life, past or even present, is accelerating – with the spectacular finds of Martian water and the discovery of potentially habitable extra-solar planets. A new generation of scientists is ready to attack a new set of problems, and is in need of an efficient, accurate and searchable means of discovering the essentials of the field. This reference work also covers the challenges, past achievements, and potential solutions inherent to the safe exploration of distant space and the search for life off our planet. The entries summarize the tertiary literature and include sufficient data and illustrations to introduce each topic, while avoiding the length and detail of scientific review articles.
Handbook of Bioceramics and Biocomposites
by Iulian Vasile AntoniacThis handbook describes several current trends in the development of bioceramics and biocomposites for clinical use in the repair, remodelling, and regeneration of bone tissue. Comprehensive coverage of these materials allows fundamental aspects of the science and engineering to be seen in close relation to the clinical performance of dental and orthopaedic implants. Bioceramics and biocomposites appear to be the most dynamic area of materials development for both tissue engineering and implantable medical devices. Almost all medical specialties will continue to benefit from these developments, but especially dentistry and orthopaedics. In this Handbook, leading researchers describe the use of bionanomaterials to create new functionalities when interfaced with biological molecules or structures. Also described are technologies for bioceramics and biocomposites processing in order to fabricate medical devices for clinical use. Another important section of the book is dedicated to tissue regeneration with development of new matrices. A targeted or personalized treatment device reduces drug consumption and treatment expenses, resulting in benefits to the patient and cost reductions for public health systems. This authoritative reference on the state-of-the-art in the development and use of bioceramics and biocomposites can also serve as the basis of instructional course lectures for audiences ranging from advanced undergraduate students to post-graduates in materials science and engineering and biomedical engineering.
Handbook of Biochips: Integrated Circuits and Systems for Biology and Medicine
by Mohamad SawanThis book provides a broad survey of the field of biochips, including fundamentals of microelectronics and biomaterials interaction with various, living tissues, as well as numerous, diverse applications. Although a wide variety of biochips will be described, there will be a focus on those at the brain-machine interface. Analysis is included of the relationship between different categories of biochips and their interactions with the body and coverage includes wireless remote control of biochips and arrays of microelectrodes, based on new biomaterials.
Handbook of Biodegradable Materials
by Gomaa A. M. Ali Abdel Salam H. MakhloufThis Handbook discusses the recent advances in biodegradation technologies and highlights emerging sustainable materials, including environmentally friendly nano-based materials for replacing plastics. It is useful to scientists, engineers, biologists, medical doctors and provides alternative eco-friendly materials to replace the currently used ones with harmful impact on the environment and life. The chapters present different types of alternative materials in diverse areas, such as food packaging materials, materials for construction and agricultural materials. The principles and types of biodegration technologies are described in depth.
Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers: Isolation, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
by Andreas Lendlein Adam SissonA comprehensive overview of biodegradable polymers, covering everything from synthesis, characterization, and degradation mechanisms while also introducing useful applications, such as drug delivery systems and biomaterial-based regenerative therapies. An introductory section deals with such fundamentals as basic chemical reactions during degradation, the complexity of biological environments and experimental methods for monitoring degradation processes. The result is a reliable reference source for those wanting to learn more about this important class of polymer materials, as well as scientists in the field seeking a deeper insight.
Handbook of Bioelectronics
by Sandro Carrara Krzysztof IniewskiThis wide-ranging summary of bioelectronics provides the state of the art in electronics integrated and interfaced with biological systems in one single book. It is a perfect reference for those involved in developing future distributed diagnostic devices, from smart bio-phones that will monitor our health status to new electronic devices serving our bodies and embedded in our clothes or under our skin. All chapters are written by pioneers and authorities in the key branches of bioelectronics and provide examples of real-word applications and step-by-step design details. Through expert guidance, you will learn how to design complex circuits whilst cutting design time and cost and avoiding mistakes, misunderstandings, and pitfalls. An exhaustive set of recently developed devices is also covered, providing the implementation details and inspiration for innovating new solutions and devices. This all-inclusive reference is ideal for researchers in electronics, bio/nanotechnology, and applied physics, as well as circuit and system-level designers in industry.
Handbook of Bioenergy
by Sandra D. Eksioglu Steffen Rebennack Panos M. PardalosThis handbook brings together recent advances in the areas of supply chain optimization, supply chain management, and life-cycle cost analysis of bioenergy. These topics are important for the development and long-term sustainability of the bioenergy industry. The increasing interest in bioenergy has been motivated by its potential to become a key future energy source. The opportunities and challenges that this industry has been facing have been the motivation for a number of optimization-related works on bioenergy. Practitioners and academicians agree that the two major barriers of further investments in this industry are biomass supply uncertainty and costs. The goal of this handbook is to present several cutting-edge developments and tools to help the industry overcome these supply chain and economic challenges. Case studies highlighting the problems faced by investors in the US and Europe illustrate the impact of certain tools in making bioenergy an economically viable energy option.
Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants
by Chittaranjan Kole Chandrashekhar P. Joshi David R. ShonnardAs the world's population is projected to reach 10 billion or more by 2100, devastating fossil fuel shortages loom in the future unless more renewable alternatives to energy are developed. Bioenergy, in the form of cellulosic biomass, starch, sugar, and oils from crop plants, has emerged as one of the cheaper, cleaner, and environmentally sustainab
Handbook of Bioenergy Crops: A Complete Reference to Species, Development and Applications (Routledge Studies in Bioenergy)
by N. El BassamBiomass currently accounts for about fifteen per cent of global primary energy consumption and is playing an increasingly important role in the face of climate change, energy and food security concerns. Handbook of Bioenergy Crops is a unique reference and guide, with extensive coverage of more than eighty of the main bioenergy crop species. For each it gives a brief description, outlines the ecological requirements, methods of propagation, crop management, rotation and production, harvesting, handling and storage, processing and utilization, then finishes with selected references. This is accompanied by detailed guides to biomass accumulation, harvesting, transportation and storage, as well as conversion technologies for biofuels and an examination of the environmental impact and economic and social dimensions, including prospects for renewable energy. This is an indispensable resource for all those involved in biomass production, utilization and research.
Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy: Volume II
by Madhu Khanna David ZilbermanIn its second volume, this book aims to link the academic research with development in the real world and provide a historical and institutional background that can enrich more formal research. The first section will include an assessment of the evolution and the state of the nascent second-generation biofuel as well as a perspective on the evolution of corn ethanol and sugarcane ethanol in Brazil. It will also include a historical and institutional background on the biofuel industry in Brazil that has global lessons, and later, provide a technical overview of major analytical tools used to assess the economic, land use and greenhouse gas implications of biofuel policies at a regional and global level. Additionally, the book analyzes the various drivers for land use change both at a micro-economic level and at a macro-economic level. It presents studies that apply regional and global economic models to examine the effects of biofuel policies in the US, EU and Brazil on regional and global land use, on food and fuel prices and greenhouse gas emissions. These papers illustrate the use of partial and general equilibrium modeling approaches to simulate the effects of various biofuel policies, and includes studies showing the effects of risk aversion, time preferences and liquidity constraints on farmers decision to grow energy crops for biofuel production. By presenting the tools of lifecycle analysis for assessing the direct greenhouse gas intensity of biofuels, this handbook investigates the types of indirect or market mediated effects that can offset or strengthen these direct effects. It will include tools to assess the direct and indirect effects of biofuel production on greenhouse gas emissions in the US and Brazil, and ultimately provide a comprehensive background to understand the state of biofuel in the present and how to analyze their implication.
Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy
by Madhu Khanna David Zilberman Jürgen ScheffranConcerns about energy security, uncertainty about oil prices, declining oil reserves, and global climate change are fueling a shift towards bioenergy as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Public policies and private investments around the globe are aiming to increase local capacity to produce biofuels. A key constraint to the expansion of biofuel production is the limited amount of land available to meet the needs for fuel, feed, and food in the coming decades. Large-scale biofuel production raises concerns about food versus fuel tradeoffs, about demands for natural resources such as water, and about potential impacts on environmental quality. The book is organized into five parts. The introductory part provides a context for the emerging economic and policy challenges related to bioenergy and the motivations for biofuels as an energy source. The second part of the handbook includes chapters that examine the implications of expanded production of first generation biofuels for the allocation of land between food and fuel and for food/feed prices and trade in biofuels as well as the potential for technology improvements to mitigate the food vs. fuel competition for land. Chapters in the third part examine the infrastructural and logistical challenges posed by large scale biofuel production and the factors that will influence the location of biorefineries and the mix of feedstocks they use. The fourth part includes chapters that examine the environmental implications of biofuels, their implications for the design of policies and the unintended environmental consequences of existing biofuel policies. The final part presents economic analysis of the market, social welfare, and distributional effects of biofuel policies.