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Harnessing Data Science for Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (Studies in Big Data #161)
by Sanjay Chaudhary Mehul S. Raval Wei Guo J. AdinarayanaThis book is a comprehensive resource that handles the issues of sustainable agriculture and natural resource management, aligned with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The book is organized into five sections, Understanding the Problem, Data Collection and Cleaning, Exploratory Data Analysis and Visualization, Model Building, and Model Deployment. Each section covers a critical aspect of data science in this context and addresses specific SDGs 2—zero hunger, 6—clean water and sanitation, 12—responsible consumption and production, 13—climate action, and 15—Life on land. The organized sections are arranged to seamlessly follow the data science pipeline and provide practical guidance from problem understanding to its model deployment and stakeholder management. The book is useful for researchers, students, practitioners, and policymakers.
Harnessing Dividends From Drylands
by K. V. Raju Suhas P. WaniThe livelihoods of millions of people in developing countries depend on Dryland agriculture to ensure their food security and their well-being. Any improvement in yields for farmers in these areas will have a significant positive affect. This book describes lessons learned from an innovative scheme in India that improved yields in drylands. It shows how the scheme can be scaled up for other Dryland regions of the world. The scheme uses localized soil nutrient analyses to create an integrated, climate-smart fertilizer and planting plan that maximizes yields for farmers.
Harnessing Dividends from Drylands: Innovative Scaling up with Soil Nutrients
by Kanwar Sahrawat Gajanan Sawargaonkar Girish Chander A.V.R. Kesava Rao Kaushal Garg Mukund Patil G. Pardhasaradhi K Srinivas Raghavendra Sudi K. Krishnappa K. H. Anantha V. Nageswara RaoThe livelihoods of millions of people in developing countries, which depend on dryland agriculture to ensure their food security and their well-being, could be improved measurably by gains in agricultural crop yields. This book describes lessons learnt from an innovative scheme in India that improved crop yields in drylands. It shows how the scheme can be scaled up for other dryland regions of the world. The scheme uses localized soil nutrient analyses to create an integrated, climate smart fertilizer and planting plan that maximises yields for farmers. This book describes how a partnership between a global scientific organization (such as International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, ICRISAT) and state and non-state actors can provide a route to equitable growth, specifically for small and marginal farmers, and how this approach can be replicated worldwide to enhance rural livelihoods. This strategic collaboration and its conceptual and functional design is fully outlined, as well as the scheme's implementation and the effective monitoring and learning process that has been created.
Harnessing Formative Data for K-12 Leaders: Real-time Approaches to School Improvement
by Stepan MekhitarianHarnessing Formative Data for K-12 Leaders prepares school and district leaders to re-evaluate how real-time formative data can inform policy, planning, and professional development. The importance of effective formative data use has escalated since the expansion of distance learning and the integration of digital education tools, which have impacted the consistency, accuracy, availability, and actionability of data points that leaders rely on. This book’s strategic insights into actionable, organizational-level formative data use will yield differentiated supports for schools to foster greater academic outcomes, a culture of equity and social-emotional well-being, and students’ readiness for college, career, and lifelong learning. Each chapter includes connections to social justice, best practices for applying data points and field-tested tips for technology integration, and a host of interactive planning guides to support implementation.
Harnessing Formative Data for K-12 Leaders: Real-time Approaches to School Improvement
by Stepan MekhitarianHarnessing Formative Data for K-12 Leaders prepares school and district leaders to re-evaluate how real-time formative data can inform policy, planning, and professional development. The importance of effective formative data use has escalated since the expansion of distance learning and the integration of digital education tools, which have impacted the consistency, accuracy, availability, and actionability of data points that leaders rely on. This book’s strategic insights into actionable, organizational-level formative data use will yield differentiated supports for schools to foster greater academic outcomes, a culture of equity and social-emotional well-being, and students’ readiness for college, career, and lifelong learning. Each chapter includes connections to social justice, best practices for applying data points and field-tested tips for technology integration, and a host of interactive planning guides to support implementation.
Harnessing Formative Data for K-12 Teachers: Real-time Classroom Strategies
by Stepan MekhitarianHarnessing Formative Data for K-12 Teachers prepares teachers to apply real-time formative data to classroom instruction amid the expansion of online and blended learning in schools. In today’s changing, technology-enhanced educational landscape, teachers must rethink how to generate and use formative data to inform planning and develop systems that lead to all students’ success. This book’s strategic insights into actionable formative data use will yield differentiated supports for students, helping teachers to foster greater academic outcomes, independent self-monitoring, and readiness for college, career, and lifelong learning. Each chapter includes connections to social justice, best practices for applying data points and field-tested tips for technology integration, and a host of interactive planning guides to support implementation.
Harnessing Light: Optical Science and Engineering for the 21st Century
by Engineering Committee on Optical ScienceOptical science and engineering affect almost every aspect of our lives. Millions of miles of optical fiber carry voice and data signals around the world. Lasers are used in surgery of the retina, kidneys, and heart. New high-efficiency light sources promise dramatic reductions in electricity consumption. Night-vision equipment and satellite surveillance are changing how wars are fought. Industry uses optical methods in everything from the production of computer chips to the construction of tunnels. Harnessing Light surveys this multitude of applications, as well as the status of the optics industry and of research and education in optics, and identifies actions that could enhance the field's contributions to society and facilitate its continued technical development.
Harnessing Materials for X-ray Based Cancer Therapy and Imaging (Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology)
by Surender Kumar Sharma Hamed Nosrati Taras KavetskyyThis book discusses the efficacy of nanomaterial-based X-rays enhancers against cancer therapy and imaging in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Also, synthesis, mechanism, and the related biological effects are given. Moreover, nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the image quality are compiled. Finally, special nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the contrast for targeted cancer therapy are covered and discussed.
Harnessing Microbial Potential for Multifarious Applications (Energy, Environment, and Sustainability)
by Vivek Kumar Kiran Bala Tonmoy Ghosh Pritam SangwanThis book discusses the current state of strategies that utilize the ability of microbes to remediate waste sources, such as wastewater streams and mine tails, and provide environmentally friendly options to mitigate soil and water pollution caused due to heavy metals. It also provides details about the development of biodegradable plastics from microbial sources and how they can be economical and greener alternatives to the currently used options. It will act as a single platform for combining the remedial powers of microbes which can be both sustainable and practical under a single volume. This text will be particularly useful for govt. institutions, academicians, and industry professionals, who deal in wastewater remediation and sustainability of currently used sources of plastics and other high-value metabolites. It will also be of practical help to engineers involved in remediation processes for wastewater and industrial waste.
Harnessing Operational Systems Engineering to Support Peacebuilding
by Steve Olson National Academy of Engineering United States Institute of Peace Andrew RobertsonOperational systems engineering is a methodology that identifies the important components of a complex system, analyzes the relationships among those components, and creates models of the system to explore its behavior and possible ways of changing that behavior. In this way it offers quantitative and qualitative techniques to support the design, analysis, and governance of systems of diverse scale and complexity for the delivery of products or services. Many peacebuilding interventions function essentially as the provision of services in response to demands elicited from societies in crisis. At its core, operational systems engineering attempts to understand and manage the supply of services and product in response to such demands. Harnessing Operational Systems Engineering to Support Peacebuilding is the summary of a workshop convened in November 2012 by the Roundtable on Science, Technology, and Peacebuilding of the National Academy of Engineering and the United States Institute of Peace to explore the question "When can operational systems engineering, appropriately applied, be a useful tool for improving the elicitation of need, the design, the implementation, and the effectiveness of peacebuilding interventions?" The workshop convened experts in conflict prevention, conflict management, postconflict stabilization, and reconstruction along with experts in various fields of operational systems engineering to identify what additional types of nonnumerical systems methods might be available for application to peacebuilding.
Harnessing Performance Variability in Embedded and High-performance Many/Multi-core Platforms: A Cross-layer Approach
by Dimitrios Soudris William FornaciariThis book describes the state-of-the art of industrial and academic research in the architectural design of heterogeneous, multi/many-core processors. The authors describe methods and tools to enable next-generation embedded and high-performance heterogeneous processors to confront cost-effectively the inevitable variations by providing Dependable-Performance: correct functionality and timing guarantees throughout the expected lifetime of a platform under thermal, power, and energy constraints. Various aspects of the reliability problem are discussed, at both the circuit and architecture level, the intelligent selection of knobs and monitors in multicore platforms, and systematic design methodologies. The authors demonstrate how new techniques have been applied in real case studies from different applications domain and report on results and conclusions of those experiments. Enables readers to develop performance-dependable heterogeneous multi/many-core architectures Describes system software designs that support high performance dependability requirements Discusses and analyzes low level methodologies to tradeoff conflicting metrics, i.e. power, performance, reliability and thermal management Includes new application design guidelines to improve performance dependability
Harnessing Power from the Sun
by Niki WalkerThe oldest and most important source of power for our planet is the Sun. This amazing new book explains why solar power is becoming a very real replacement for our current energy sources. Detailed images feature different types of solar collectors, solar thermal plants, and solar cells, and help explain how they are used. Special case studies identify areas where solar power is already in use around the world.
Harnessing Sesuvium Portulacastrum for Biosaline Agriculture
by Suprasanna Penna Ganesh Chandrakant NikaljeThis edited book provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of the stress adaptation and utilization of the halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum in bio-saline agriculture. The book focuses on plant's defense mechanisms to various abiotic stresses, including salt, drought, toxic metals, dyes, effluents, and nutrient deficiency. The book highlights the potential applications of S. portulacastrum in environmental protection, such as, desalination, and phytoremediation. One of the key features of the book is its exploration of the adaptation mechanisms of S. portulacastrum to environmental stresses at morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical, molecular, proteomic, and metabolomic levels. This in-depth analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of how Sesuvium withstands harsh environments and, this could potentially serve as a model for investigations on other plants and in developing salt tolerant plants. The book also provides directions for utilizing S. portulacastrum in bio-saline agriculture. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, agronomists, and policymakers interested in developing sustainable agriculture practices in regions affected by salinity and other environmental stresses.
Harnessing Solar Heat
by Brian NortonSystems engineered by man to harness solar heat in a controlled manner now include a diverse range of technologies each serving distinctive needs in particular climate contexts. This text covers the breadth of solar energy technologies for the conversion of solar energy to provide heat, either as the directly-used output or as an intermediary to other uses such as power generation or cooling. It is a wholly updated, extended and revised version of "Solar Energy Thermal Technology" first published in 1992. The text draws on the own author's research and that of numerous colleagues and collaborators at Cranfield University, University of Ulster, Dublin Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi and University of Nigeria. The initial chapters deal with relevant fundamental aspects of solar energy meteorology, radiative heat transfer, material properties and energy storage. Solar energy collectors are discussed in detail before a set of chapters deal with each of the full range of applications. The early chapters consider: the solar energy resource, its distribution in geographical, spectral, skyward geometrical and temporal domains; the physics of solar energy absorption, transmission and loss at surfaces; and techniques for storing collected solar energy. Specific collector sub-systems are then discussed in chapters seven to nine. For each system, practical issues are discussed and a proven analytical procedure for predicting performance described. Similarly analyses are presented in the concluding chapters on solar energy systems. These range from dryers to greenhouses to systems that render buildings solar energy systems in themselves and the associated design issues. The context for any use of solar energy is the prevailing climate. This text, being global in scope, definates the most appropriate regions for particular technologies and applications. It is a research-orientated academic work citing publications on the peer-reviewed literature covering engineering and applied science topics intended both for student use, as a reference tool for teaching solar energy and for those researching solar thermal applications in universities, industry or national/commercial laboratories. Insight into the challenges of implementation including practical constraints and operational considerations are provided to aid those undertaking feasibility studies, technical assistance, training assignments or operating testing facilities.
Harnessing Synthetic Nanotechnology-Based Methodologies for Sustainable Green Applications
by Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern, Suraj Kumar Tripathy and Derek FawcettNanotechnology is at the forefront of many of the latest developments across science and technology, but to generate and deploy these applications, macroscopic levels of nanoscale materials have to be carefully generated whilst remaining cost effective. These materials need to be reliable, consistent, and safe, and as a general principle, industries should consider green sustainable methods in the synthesis of these material and their applications as well. This book introduces readers to the field of green nanotechnologies and their possible applications to create a safer world. This accessible and practical guide will be a useful resource for material scientists, engineers, chemists, biotechnologists, and scientists working in the space of nanomaterials, in addition to graduate students in physics, chemistry, biomedical sciences and engineering. THIS BOOK Presents an accessible introduction to the topic in addition to more advanced material for specialists in the field. Covers a broad spectrum of topics in this new field. Contains exciting case studies and examples, such as quantum dots, bionanomaterials, and future perspectives. Dr Gérrard E.J. Poinern holds a Ph.D. in Physics from Murdoch University, Western Australia and a Double Major in Physics and Chemistry. Currently he is an Associate Professor in Physics and Nanotechnology in the School of Engineering and Information Technology at Murdoch University. He is the director of Murdoch Applied Innovation and Nanotechnology Research Group, Murdoch University. In 2003, he discovered and pioneered the use of an inorganic nanomembrane for potential skin tissue engineering applications. He is the recipient of a Gates Foundation Global Health Grand Challenge Exploration Award for his work in the development of biosynthetic materials and their subsequent application in the manufacture of biomedical devices. He is also the author of the 2014 CRC Press experimental textbook "A Laboratory Course in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology". Associate Professor Suraj Kumar Tripathy is Associate Dean of the School of Chemical Technology at Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India. He currently leads the Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering Lab (CBEL) at KIIT which focuses on achieving sustainability in materials processing and utilization. CBEL explores opportunities in valorization of waste materials (secondary resources) and investigate their applications in catalysis, water treatment, and biomedical systems. CBEL also works closely with industries to develop suitable waste management and resource recycling strategies to optimize the potential of circular economy model. Dr. Derek Fawcett is the Defence Science Centre research fellow at Murdoch University, Australia. His research involves the investigation and development of new advanced materials and their use in innovative engineering systems. He has published over seventy peer-reviewed research papers in international journals and is the co-author of four book chapters on applied nanotechnology.
Harnessing Technology for Deeper Learning
by Scott McLeod; Julie GraberSeeking a New Approach; Introducing the 4 Shifts Protocol; Redesigning Elementary School Lessons and Units; Redesigning Secondary Lessons and Units; Designing From Standards; Implementing the Protocol Tips, Strategies, and Other Suggestions.
Harnessing VLSI System Design with EDA Tools
by Hansraj Guhilot Santosh A. Shinde Pawan K. Gaikwad Rajanish K. KamatWith the proliferation of VHDL, the reference material also grew in the same order. Today there is good amount of scholarly literature including many books describing various aspects of VHDL. However, an indepth review of these books reveals a different story. Many of them have emerged simply as an improved version of the manual. While some of them deal with the system design issues, they lack appropriate exemplifying to illustrate the concepts. Others give large number of examples, but lack the VLSI system design issues. In nutshell, the fact which gone unnoticed by most of the books, is the growth of the VLSI is not merely due to the language itself, but more due to the development of large number of third party tools useful from the FPGA or semicustom ASIC realization point of view. In the proposed book, the authors have synergized the VHDL programming with appropriate EDA tools so as to present a full proof system design to the readers. In this book along with the VHDL coding issues, the simulation and synthesis with the various toolsets enables the potential reader to visualize the final design. The VHDL design codes have been synthesized using different third party tools such as Xilinx Web pack Ver.11, Modelsim PE, Leonrado Spectrum and Synplify Pro. Mixed flow illustrated by using the above mentioned tools presents an insight to optimize the design with reference to the spatial, temporal and power metrics.
Harnessing the Power of Analytics
by Leila Halawi Amal Clarke Kelly GeorgeThis text highlights the difference between analytics and data science, using predictive analytic techniques to analyze different historical data, including aviation data and concrete data, interpreting the predictive models, and highlighting the steps to deploy the models and the steps ahead. The book combines the conceptual perspective and a hands-on approach to predictive analytics using SAS VIYA, an analytic and data management platform. The authors use SAS VIYA to focus on analytics to solve problems, highlight how analytics is applied in the airline and business environment, and compare several different modeling techniques. They decipher complex algorithms to demonstrate how they can be applied and explained within improving decisions.
Harpers Ferry Armory and the New Technology: The Challenge of Change
by Merritt Roe SmithFocusing on the day-to-day operations of the U.S. armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, from 1798 to 1861, this book shows what the "new technology" of mechanized production meant in terms of organization, management, and worker morale. A local study of much more than local significance, it highlights the major problems of technical innovation and social adaptation in antebellum America. Merritt Roe Smith describes how positions of authority at the armory were tied to a larger network of political and economic influence in the community; how these relationships, in turn, affected managerial behavior; and how local social conditions reinforced the reactions of decision makers. He also demonstrates how craft traditions and variant attitudes toward work vis-à-vis New England created an atmosphere in which the machine was held suspect and inventive activity was hampered. Of central importance is the author's analysis of the drastic differences between Harpers Ferry and its counterpart, the national armory at Springfield, Massachusetts, which played a pivotal role in the emergence of the new technology. The flow of technical information between the two armories, he shows, moved in one direction only-- north to south. "In the end," Smith concludes, "the stamina of local culture is paramount in explaining why the Harpers Ferry armory never really flourished as a center of technological innovation." Pointing up the complexities of industrial change, this account of the Harpers Ferry experience challenges the commonly held view that Americans have always been eagerly receptive to new technological advances.
Harpoon: Into the Heart of Whaling (A Merloyd Lawrence Book)
by Andrew DarbyThe awe-inspiring history of whales and whaling, and todayOCOs epic struggle to end the slaughter"
Harry I Was?!
by Patriots Point Education DepartmentJoin Harry Smith and his family as they experience truly historic events in American history. These stories and letters take you on a journey through important events from the Civil War through the Space Race!
Harsh Environment Electronics: Interconnect Materials and Performance Assessment
by Ahmed SharifProvides in-depth knowledge on novel materials that make electronics work under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions This book reviews the state of the art in research and development of lead-free interconnect materials for electronic packaging technology. It identifies the technical barriers to the development and manufacture of high-temperature interconnect materials to investigate into the complexities introduced by harsh conditions. It teaches the techniques adopted and the possible alternatives of interconnect materials to cope with the impacts of extreme temperatures for implementing at industrial scale. The book also examines the application of nanomaterials, current trends within the topic area, and the potential environmental impacts of material usage. Written by world-renowned experts from academia and industry, Harsh Environment Electronics: Interconnect Materials and Performance Assessment covers interconnect materials based on silver, gold, and zinc alloys as well as advanced approaches utilizing polymers and nanomaterials in the first section. The second part is devoted to the performance assessment of the different interconnect materials and their respective environmental impact. -Takes a scientific approach to analyzing and addressing the issues related to interconnect materials involved in high temperature electronics -Reviews all relevant materials used in interconnect technology as well as alternative approaches otherwise neglected in other literature -Highlights emergent research and theoretical concepts in the implementation of different materials in soldering and die-attach applications -Covers wide-bandgap semiconductor device technologies for high temperature and harsh environment applications, transient liquid phase bonding, glass frit based die attach solution for harsh environment, and more -A pivotal reference for professionals, engineers, students, and researchers Harsh Environment Electronics: Interconnect Materials and Performance Assessment is aimed at materials scientists, electrical engineers, and semiconductor physicists, and treats this specialized topic with breadth and depth.
Harsh Environment and Plant Resilience: Molecular and Functional Aspects
by Azamal HusenIn the recent past, threats from climate change and unforeseeable environmental extremes to plant growth and productivity have consistently increased. The climate change-driven effects, especially from unpredictable environmental fluctuations, can result in an increased prevalence of abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. These stresses have slowed down the global yields of crop plants. On the other hand, food security for the rapidly growing human population in a sustainable ecosystem is a major concern of the present-day world. Thus, understanding the core developmental, physiological and molecular aspects that regulate plant growth and productivity in a challenging environment is a pivotal issue to be tackled by the scientific community dealing with sustainable agricultural and horticultural practices. Plants are influenced by the adverse environmental conditions at various levels, their different and diverse responses play a significant role in determining their growth, production and the overall geographical distribution. The chapters in this book focus on the biological mechanisms and fundamental principles that determine how different plant species grow, perform and interact with a challenging environment. This book covers a broad range of topics in plant science, including gene function, molecules, physiology, cell biology and plant ecology, to understand the functioning of plants under harsh environmental conditions. The book elucidates the physiological and molecular mechanisms in different plant species, ecophysiological interactions of plants, interplay between plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, biosensors for monitoring stress, production of secondary metabolites, stress alleviation processes, and more.
Hartman's Complete Guide for the EKG Technician
by Wilma Lynne ClarkeThis Clear, concise, and up-to-date, Guide will help students master the skills and knowledge they need to pass EKG technician certification exams and to excel on the job. Unlike many EKG interpretation texts, this book is written specifically for students taking EKG technician courses or working toward EKG technician certification. <p><p> Presents basic anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology in a way that relates clearly to the work of EKG technicians; Introduces EKG technology and the interpretation of the EKG in clear, organized steps; Provides step-by-step instructions for patient care and EKG testing procedures; Offers detailed, full-color photos and illustrations throughout the book; Contains over 100 practice exercises in the rhythm identification chapter, giving students the opportunity to view and interpret actual EKG tracings; Includes tip boxes, quick reference charts, chapter reviews, and a glossary to help students identify and focus on key material; Covers infection prevention, communication skills, scope of practice, and ethics as these subjects relate to the role of EKG technicians; Instructor's material includes over 100 additional EKG interpretation exercises, a practice certification exam, critical thinking activities, and test-taking tips.
Harvest Loss in China: Rice, Mechanization, and the Moral Hazard of Outsourcing (The University of Tokyo Studies on Asia)
by Xue Qu Daizo Kojima Laping Wu Mitsuyoshi AndoThis open access book examines food security in China with a specific focus on rice harvesting. As the most populous agricultural developing country, China’s food security is closely related to the world’s food security. An urgent issue internationally, data show that every year, about one-third of food is lost and wasted before it even reaches the market, mainly in less developed countries. To this end, halving the amount of food loss and waste is one of the Sustainable Development Goals. In 2021, the Chinese government issued the Anti-Food Waste Law of the People’s Republic of China, placing a high priority on food loss reduction. Rice, one of the major staple foods, has also received a higher priority in government policy, as it has been deemed required to be “absolutely safe”. In China, rice farmers rely heavily on outsourcing services to complete harvesting, which has led to the rapid development of mechanical harvesting. This book shows that the essence of outsourcing services is a principal–agent relationship in which there is a potential moral hazard, which is considered detrimental to harvest losses. The book analyses the effect of the moral hazard in harvest outsourcing services on rice harvest losses from this principal–agent theoretical perspective. Using the latest nationwide farmer survey, it empirically demonstrates the moral hazard in agricultural outsourcing services and its negative impact on harvest losses, providing suggestions for food loss reduction in China and similar developing countries where agricultural outsourcing services are developing rapidly. Relevant to social science researchers working in areas of food security in connection with the SDGs, and to scholars studying development in China more generally, this is a timely contribution confronting possible means of food loss reduction, in the developing world particularly, in the East, and globally.