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Introduction to Physics and Chemistry of Combustion
by Michael A. LibermanMost of the material covered in this book deals with the fundamentals of chemistry and physics of key processes and fundamental mechanisms for various combustion and combustion related phenomena in gaseous combustible mixture. It provides the reader with basic knowledge of burning processes and mechanisms of reaction wave propagation. The combustion of a gas mixture (flame, explosion, detonation) is necessarily accompanied by motion of the gas. The process of combustion is therefore not only a chemical phenomenon but also one of gas dynamics. The material selection focuses on the gas phase and with premixed gas combustion. Premixed gas combustion is of practical importance in engines, modern gas turbine and explosions, where the fuel and air are essentially premixed, and combustion occurs by the propagation of a front separating unburned mixture from fully burned mixture. Since premixed combustion is the most fundamental and potential for practical applications, the emphasis in the present work is be placed on regimes of premixed combustion. This text is intended for graduate students of different specialties, including physics, chemistry, mechanical engineering, computer science, mathematics and astrophysics.
Introduction to Phytoremediation of Contaminated Groundwater
by James E. LandmeyerThis book provides the reader with the comprehensive view necessary to understand and critically evaluate the design, implementation, and monitoring of phytoremediation at sites characterized by contaminated groundwater. Part I presents the historical foundation of the interaction between plants and groundwater, introduces fundamental groundwater concepts for plant physiologists, and introduces basic plant physiology for hydrogeologists. Part II presents information on how to assess, design, implement, and monitor phytoremediation projects for hydrologic control. Part III presents how plants take up and detoxify a wide range of organic xenobiotics in contaminated groundwater systems, and provides various approaches on how this can be assessed and monitored. Throughout, concepts are emphasized with numerous case studies, illustrations and pertinent literature citations.
Introduction to Plant and Soil Science and Technology
by Ronald J. Biondo Jasper S. LeeAn introductory text for middle school and high school students, covering the role of plant and soil science, fundamentals of plant and soil science, plant pests, and meeting human needs with plants. Learning aids include career profiles and boxes on agri-industry connections, chapter summaries, questions, quizzes, and project ideas. Includes a glossary, and appendices.
Introduction to Plant Automation and Controls
by Raymond F. GardnerIntroduction to Plant Automation and Controls addresses all aspects of modern central plant control systems, including instrumentation, control theory, plant systems, VFDs, PLCs, and supervisory systems. Design concepts and operational behavior of various plants are linked to their control philosophies in a manner that helps new or experienced engineers understand the process behind controls, installation, programming, and troubleshooting of automated systems. This groundbreaking book ties modern electronic-based automation and control systems to the special needs of plants and equipment. It applies practical plant operating experience, electronic-equipment design, and plant engineering to bring a unique approach to aspects of plant controls including security, programming languages, and digital theory. The multidimensional content, supported with 500 illustrations, ties together all aspects of plant controls into a single-source reference of otherwise difficult-to-find information. The increasing complexity of plant control systems requires engineers who can relate plant operations and behaviors to their control requirements. This book is ideal for readers with limited electrical and electronic experience, particularly those looking for a multidisciplinary approach for obtaining a practical understanding of control systems related to the best operating practices of large or small plants. It is an invaluable resource for becoming an expert in this field or as a single-source reference for plant control systems. Author Raymond F. Gardner is a professor of engineering at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, New York, and has been a practicing engineer for more than 40 years.
An Introduction to Plant Breeding
by Jack Brown Peter CaligariPlants have been successfully selectively bred for thousands of years, culminating in incredible yields, quality, resistance and so on that we see in our modern day crops and ornamental plants. In recent years the techniques used have been rapidly advanced and refined to include molecular, cell and genetic techniques. An Introduction to Plant Breeding provides comprehensive coverage of the whole area of plant breeding. Covering modes of reproduction in plants, breeding objectives and schemes, genetics, predictions, selection, alternative techniques and practical considerations. Each chapter is carefully laid out in a student friendly way and includes questions for the reader. The book is essential reading for all those studying, teaching and researching plant breeding.
Introduction to Plastics Engineering (Wiley-ASME Press Series)
by Vijay K. StokesThe authoritative introduction to all aspects of plastics engineering — offering both academic and industry perspectives in one complete volume. Introduction to Plastics Engineering provides a self-contained introduction to plastics engineering. A unique synergistic approach explores all aspects of material use — concepts, mechanics, materials, part design, part fabrication, and assembly — required for converting plastic materials, mainly in the form of small pellets, into useful products. Thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and advanced composites, the four disparate application areas of polymers normally treated as separate subjects, are covered together. Divided into five parts — Concepts, Mechanics, Materials, Part Processing and Assembly, and Material Systems — this inclusive volume enables readers to gain a well-rounded, foundational knowledge of plastics engineering. Chapters cover topics including the structure of polymers, how concepts from polymer physics explain the macro behavior of plastics, evolving concepts for plastics use, simple mechanics principles and their role in plastics engineering, models for the behavior of solids and fluids, and the mechanisms underlying the stiffening of plastics by embedded fibers. Drawing from his over fifty years in both academia and industry, Author Vijay Stokes uses the synergy between fundamentals and applications to provide a more meaningful introduction to plastics. Examines every facet of plastics engineering from materials and fabrication methods to advanced composites Provides accurate, up-to-date information for students and engineers both new to plastics and highly experienced with them Offers a practical guide to large number of materials and their applications Addresses current issues for mechanical design, part performance, and part fabrication Introduction to Plastics Engineering is an ideal text for practicing engineers, researchers, and students in mechanical and plastics engineering and related industries.
Introduction to Polymer Chemistry (Fourth Edition)
by Charles E. Carraher Jr.Introduction to Polymer Chemistry provides undergraduate students with a much-needed, well-rounded presentation of the principles and applications of natural, synthetic, inorganic, and organic polymers. With an emphasis on the environment and green chemistry and materials, this fourth edition continues to provide detailed coverage of natural and synthetic giant molecules, inorganic and organic polymers, elastomers, adhesives, coatings, fibers, plastics, blends, caulks, composites, and ceramics. Building on undergraduate work in foundational courses, the text fulfills the American Chemical Society Committee on Professional Training (ACS CPT) in-depth course requirement
Introduction to Polymer Rheology
by Montgomery T. ShawAn introduction to the rheology of polymers, with simple math Designed for practicing scientists and engineers interested in polymer rheology science, education, consulting, or research and development, Introduction to Polymer Rheology is a comprehensive yet accessible guide to the study of the deformation and flow of matter under applied stress. Often considered a complicated topic for beginners, the book makes grasping the fundamentals of polymer rheology easy by presenting information in an approachable way and limiting the use of complex mathematics. By doing so, this introductory overview provides readers with easy access to the key concepts underlying the flow behavior of polymer melts, solutions, and suspensions. Incorporating sample problems that are worked through and explained on the page, as well as numerous practice problems to gauge learning comprehension, the book prepares new students and practitioners for moving on to more advanced concepts. Comprising twelve chapters, the book covers stress, velocity and rate of deformation, the relationship between stress and rate of deformation (Newtonian fluid), generalized Newtonian fluids, normal stresses and elastic behavior, experimental methods, small and large strain, the molecular origins of rheological behavior, elementary polymer processing concepts, quality control in rheology, and the flow of modified polymers and those with supermolecular structure. The essential reference for accurately interpreting polymer rheology data, Introduction to Polymer Rheology provides readers with an elementary understanding of the key issues and modern approaches to resolving problems in the field. An Instructor's Guide with answers to select problems in the text, 60 new problems with full solutions, hints for effective presentation of the material in the text, and an errata listing is available for professors using the book as a course textbook.
Introduction to Polymer Rheology and Processing
by Nicholas P. CheremisinoffAn Introduction to Polymer Rheology and Processing is a practical desk reference providing an overview of operating principles, data interpretation, and qualitative explanation of the importance and relationship of rheology to polymer processing operations. It covers full-scale processing operations, relating industrial processing operations and design methodology to laboratory-scale testing. Hundreds of design formulas applicable to scaling up the processing behavior of polymeric melts are presented. The book also provides a "working knowledge" description of major rheological test methods useful in product development and includes a useful glossary of polymer and test method/instrumentation definitions. Lavishly illustrated and featuring numerous sample calculations and modeling approaches, An Introduction to Polymer Rheology and Processing is a "must have" book for polymer engineers and rheologists.
Introduction to Polymer Science and Chemistry: A Problem-Solving Approach, Second Edition
by Manas ChandaIndustry and academia remain fascinated with the diverse properties and applications of polymers. However, most introductory books on this enormous and important field do not stress practical problem solving or include recent advances, which are critical for the modern polymer scientist-to-be. Updating the popular first edition of "the polymer book for the new millennium," this volume seamlessly integrates exploration of the fundamentals of polymer science and polymer chemistry. It is peppered with helpful questions and answers throughout to enhance understanding of presented theories and concepts.
Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity
by Montgomery T. Shaw William J. MacKnightCompletely revised and updated, the fourth edition of this classic text continues to offer the reader a thorough understanding of viscoelastic behavior, essential for the proper utilization of polymers. Explains principles, corresponding equations, and experimental methods with supporting real-life applications Adds coverage of measurement techniques (nano-indentation, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS)), biopolymer viscoelasticity, and the relationship between mechanical polymer properties and viscoelastic functions Has two new ections to address modern areas of viscoelastic measurement: large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) and microrheology Includes problems in the text and an Instructor’s Manual (including solutions) available for adopting professors Prior edition reviews: "The book is clear written and…[is] appropriate for students in introductory undergraduate courses and for others wanting introduction to the fundamentals of the subject." (CHOICE, December 2005); "This book is invariably well written, logically organized and easy to follow...I highly recommend this book to anyone studying polymer viscoelasticity." (Polymer News, December 2005)
Introduction to Polyphasic Dispersed Systems Theory
by Jacques ThierieThis book introduces a new paradigm in system description and modelling. The author shows the theoretical and practical successes of his approach, which involves replacing a traditional uniform description with a polyphasic description. This change of perspective reveals new fluxes that are cryptic in the classical description. Several case studies are given in this book, which is of interest of those working with biotechnology and green chemistry.
An Introduction to Polysaccharide Biotechnology
by Stephen E. Harding Michael P. Tombs Gary G. Adams Berit Smestad Paulsen Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen Hilde BarsettPolysaccharides and related high molecular weight glycans are hugely diverse with wide application in Biotechnology and great opportunities for further exploitation. An Introduction to Polysaccharide Biotechnology – a second edition of the popular original text by Tombs and Harding – introduces students, researchers, clinicians and industrialists to the properties of some of the key materials involved, how these are applied, some of the economic factors concerning their production and how they are characterized for regulatory purposes.
An Introduction to Powder Metallurgy
by F. Thummler R. OberackerThis is a comprehensive introduction with some emphasis of the fundamentals of the different processing steps, but, and pays attention also to the main powder metallurgy products including their applications. Since the boundaries between powder metallurgy and advanced ceramics are not definitely fixed and since they are sometimes competitive products, the description of processing includes, to some extent, ceramic materials. A short paragraph on advanced ceramics has been included. This book will be useful for educating students with scientific or technological orientation which have some background in materials science and technology and a special interest in powder metallurgy. This book may also be useful to people in powder metallurgy research and development, as well as for production staff.
An Introduction to Practical Formal Methods Using Temporal Logic
by Michael FisherThe name "temporal logic" may sound complex and daunting; but while they describe potentially complex scenarios, temporal logics are often based on a few simple, and fundamental, concepts - highlighted in this book. An Introduction to Practical Formal Methods Using Temporal Logic provides an introduction to formal methods based on temporal logic, for developing and testing complex computational systems. These methods are supported by many well-developed tools, techniques and results that can be applied to a wide range of systems.Fisher begins with a full introduction to the subject, covering the basics of temporal logic and using a variety of examples, exercises and pointers to more advanced work to help clarify and illustrate the topics discussed. He goes on to describe how this logic can be used to specify a variety of computational systems, looking at issues of linking specifications, concurrency, communication and composition ability. He then analyses temporal specification techniques such as deductive verification, algorithmic verification, and direct execution to develop and verify computational systems. The final chapter on case studies analyses the potential problems that can occur in a range of engineering applications in the areas of robotics, railway signalling, hardware design, ubiquitous computing, intelligent agents, and information security, and explains how temporal logic can improve their accuracy and reliability.Models temporal notions and uses them to analyze computational systemsProvides a broad approach to temporal logic across many formal methods - including specification, verification and implementationIntroduces and explains freely available tools based on temporal logics and shows how these can be appliedPresents exercises and pointers to further study in each chapter, as well as an accompanying website providing links to additional systems based upon temporal logic as well as additional material related to the book.
Introduction to Precision Machine Design and Error Assessment
by Samir MekidWhile ultra-precision machines are now achieving sub-nanometer accuracy, unique challenges continue to arise due to their tight specifications. Written to meet the growing needs of mechanical engineers and other professionals to understand these specialized design process issues, Introduction to Precision Machine Design and Error Assessment places
Introduction to Printed Electronics
by Katsuaki SuganumaThis book describes in detail modern technologies for printed electronics, explaining how nanotechnology and modern printing technology are merging to revolutionize electronics fabrication of thin, lightweight, large and inexpensive products. Readers will benefit from the explanations of materials, devices and circuits used to design and implement the latest applications of printed electronics, such as thin flexible OLED displays, organic solar cells, OLED lighting, smart wallpaper, sensors, logic, memory and more.
Introduction to Probabilistic and Statistical Methods with Examples in R (Intelligent Systems Reference Library #176)
by Katarzyna StaporThis book strikes a healthy balance between theory and applications, ensuring that it doesn’t offer a set of tools with no mathematical roots. It is intended as a comprehensive and largely self-contained introduction to probability and statistics for university students from various faculties, with accompanying implementations of some rudimentary statistical techniques in the language R. The content is divided into three basic parts: the first includes elements of probability theory, the second introduces readers to the basics of descriptive and inferential statistics (estimation, hypothesis testing), and the third presents the elements of correlation and linear regression analysis. Thanks to examples showing how to approach real-world problems using statistics, readers will acquire stronger analytical thinking skills, which are essential for analysts and data scientists alike.
An Introduction to Probability and Statistics
by Vijay K. Rohatgi A.K. Md. SalehA well-balanced introduction to probability theory and mathematical statistics Featuring a comprehensive update, An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Third Edition remains a solid overview to probability theory and mathematical statistics. Divided into three parts, the Third Edition begins by presenting the fundamentals and foundations of probability. The second part addresses statistical inference, and the remaining chapters focus on special topics. Featuring a substantial revision to include recent developments, An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Third Edition also includes: A new section on regression analysis to include multiple regression, logistic regression, and Poisson regression A reorganized chapter on large sample theory to emphasize the growing role of asymptotic statistics Additional topical coverage on bootstrapping, estimation procedures, and resampling Discussions on invariance, ancillary statistics, conjugate prior distributions, and invariant confidence intervals Over 550 problems and answers to most problems, as well as 350 worked-out examples and 200 remarks Numerous figures to further illustrate examples and proofs throughout An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Third Edition is an ideal reference and resource for scientists and engineers in the fields of statistics, mathematics, physics, industrial management, and engineering. The book is also an excellent text for upper-undergraduate and graduate- level students majoring in probability and statistics.
Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers
by Milan HolickýThe theory of probability and mathematical statistics is becoming an indispensable discipline in many branches of science and engineering. This is caused by increasing significance of various uncertainties affecting performance of complex technological systems. Fundamental concepts and procedures used in analysis of these systems are often based on the theory of probability and mathematical statistics. The book sets out fundamental principles of the probability theory, supplemented by theoretical models of random variables, evaluation of experimental data, sampling theory, distribution updating and tests of statistical hypotheses. Basic concepts of Bayesian approach to probability and two-dimensional random variables, are also covered. Examples of reliability analysis and risk assessment of technological systems are used throughout the book to illustrate basic theoretical concepts and their applications. The primary audience for the book includes undergraduate and graduate students of science and engineering, scientific workers and engineers and specialists in the field of reliability analysis and risk assessment. Except basic knowledge of undergraduate mathematics no special prerequisite is required.
Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Science, Engineering, and Finance
by Walter A. RosenkrantzIntegrating interesting and widely used concepts of financial engineering into traditional statistics courses, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Science, Engineering, and Finance illustrates the role and scope of statistics and probability in various fields.The text first introduces the basics needed to understand and create
Introduction to Probability with R (Chapman & Hall/CRC Texts in Statistical Science)
by Kenneth BaclawskiBased on a popular course taught by the late Gian-Carlo Rota of MIT, with many new topics covered as well, Introduction to Probability with R presents R programs and animations to provide an intuitive yet rigorous understanding of how to model natural phenomena from a probabilistic point of view. Although the R programs are small in length, they ar
Introduction to Process Control
by Victor A. SkorminThis textbook is intended for an introductory graduate level on process control, taught in most engineering curricula. It focuses on the statistical techniques and methods of control and system optimization needed for the mathematical modeling, analysis, simulation, control and optimization of multivariable manufacturing processes. In four sections, it covers: Relevant mathematical methods, including random events, variables and processes, and their characteristics; estimation and confidence intervals; Bayes applications; correlation and regression analysis; statistical cluster analysis; and singular value decomposition for classification applications. Mathematical description of manufacturing processes, including static and dynamic models; model validation; confidence intervals for model parameters; principal component analysis; conventional and recursive least squares procedures; nonlinear least squares; and continuous-time, discrete-time, s-domain and Z-domain models. Control of manufacturing processes, including transfer function/transfer matrix models; state-variable models; methods of discrete-time classical control; state variable discrete-time control; state observers/estimators in control systems; methods of decoupling control; and methods of adaptive control. Methods and applications of system optimization, including unconstrained and constrained optimization; analytical and numerical optimization procedures; use of penalty functions; methods of linear programming; gradient methods; direct search methods; genetic optimization; methods and applications of dynamic programming; and applications to estimation, design, control, and planning. Each section of the book will include end-of-chapter exercises, and the book will be suitable for any systems, electrical, chemical, or industrial engineering program, as it focuses on the processes themselves, and not on the product being manufactured. Students will be able to obtain a mathematical model of any manufacturing process, to design a computer-based control system for a particular continuous manufacturing process, and be able to formulate an engineering problem in terms of optimization, as well as the ability to choose and apply the appropriate optimization technique.
Introduction to Process Control, Third Edition (Chemical Industries)
by Jose A. Romagnoli Ahmet PalazogluIntroduction to Process Control, Third Edition continues to provide a bridge between traditional and modern views of process control by blending conventional topics with a broader perspective of integrated process operation, control, and information systems. Updated and expanded throughout, this third edition addresses issues highly relevant to today’s teaching of process control: Discusses smart manufacturing, new data preprocessing techniques, and machine learning and artificial intelligence concepts that are part of current smart manufacturing decisions Includes extensive references to guide the reader to the resources needed to solve modeling, classification, and monitoring problems Introduces the link between process optimization and process control (optimizing control), including the effect of disturbances on the optimal plant operation, the concepts of steady-state and dynamic back-off as ways to quantify the economic benefits of control, and how to determine an optimal transition policy during a planned production change Incorporates an introduction to the modern architectures of industrial computer control systems with real case studies and applications to pilot-scale operations Analyzes the expanded role of process control in modern manufacturing, including model-centric technologies and integrated control systems Integrates data processing/reconciliation and intelligent monitoring in the overall control system architecture Drawing on the authors’ combined 60 years of teaching experiences, this classroom-tested text is designed for chemical engineering students but is also suitable for industrial practitioners who need to understand key concepts of process control and how to implement them. The text offers a comprehensive pedagogical approach to reinforce learning and presents a concept first followed by an example, allowing students to grasp theoretical concepts in a practical manner and uses the same problem in each chapter, culminating in a complete control design strategy. A vast number of exercises throughout ensure readers are supported in their learning and comprehension. Downloadable MATLAB® toolboxes for process control education as well as the main simulation examples from the book offer a user-friendly software environment for interactively studying the examples in the text. These can be downloaded from the publisher’s website. Solutions manual is available for qualifying professors from the publisher.
Introduction to Process Geomorphology
by Vijay K. SharmaIntroduction to Process Geomorphology provides an integrative approach to the process dynamics and the origin of landforms by the contemporary processes involved in their evolution. The author highlights the physical and chemical laws governing the activity of the earth-surface processes in specific environmental stress conditions, puts forward com