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Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans
by Gordon D. Mclaren Gregory J. AndersonIron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans provides health professionals in many areas of research and practice with the most up-to-date and well-referenced volume on the importance of iron as a nutrient and its role in health and disease. This important new volume is the benchmark in the complex area of interrelationships between the essentiality of iron, its functions throughout the body, including its critical role in erythropoiesis, the biochemistry and clinical relevance of iron-containing enzymes and other molecules involved in iron absorption, transport and metabolism, he importance of optimal iron status on immune function, and links between iron and the liver, heart, brain and other organs. Moreover, the interactions between genetic and environmental factors and the numerous co-morbidities seen with both iron deficiency and iron overload in at risk populations are clearly delineated so that students as well as practitioners can better understand the complexities of these interactions. Key features of the volume include an in-depth index and recommendations and practice guidelines are included in relevant chapters. The volume contains more than 100 detailed tables and informative figures and up-to-date references that provide the reader with excellent sources of information about the critical role of iron nutrition, optimal iron status and the adverse clinical consequences of altered iron homeostasis. Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans is an excellent new text as well as the most authoritative resource in the field.
The Iron Road: An Illustrated History of the Railroad (DK Short Histories)
by Christian WolmarWritten by Christian Wolmar, author of the critically acclaimed The Great Railroad Revolution, The Iron Road is a richly illustrated account of the rise of the rails across the world. From the historic moment in September 1830 when the first train ran between Liverpool and Manchester, to the high speed trains bulleting across Asia and Europe, The Iron Road: An Illustrated History of the Railroad looks at how railroads have changed the world. Photographs, maps, paintings, and illustrations bring events and locations to life, adding a unique visual quality to the stories of great invention, feats of mind-boggling engineering, groundbreaking changes in trade and commerce, and tales of adventurers, visionaries, and rogues. The Iron Road is the third title in DK's successful illustrated histories format, which combines text-rich narratives with beautiful visual design.
Iron Will: Cleveland-Cliffs and the Mining of Iron Ore, 1847-2006
by Virginia P. Dawson Terry S. ReynoldsThe history of Cleveland-Cliffs, a company that played a key role in iron mining development in the Lake Superior region.
Ironmaking and Steelmaking Processes
by Pasquale CavaliereThis book describes improvements in the iron and steel making process in the past few decades. It also presents new and improved solutions to producing high quality products with low greenhouse emissions. In addition, it examines legislative regulations regarding greenhouse emissions all around the world and how to control these dangerous emissions in iron and steel making plants.
Irradiation for Food Safety and Quality
by Paisan Loaharanu Paul ThomasFood irradiation is increasingly used worldwide as a proven and effective method of food preservation, as well as for improvement of food safety and quality. The International Conference on Ensuring the Safety and Quality of Food through Radiation Processing convened for the presentation of new irradiation technology, and to assess the role of irradiation in ensuring the safety and nutritional adequacy of food of plant and animal origin. This new book presents the complete texts of all twenty reports from the conference. Examined are applications of the technology in produce, animal products, and prepared foods, the economics of various irradiation technologies, international regulations, the marketing of irradiated products to consumers and retail outlets, and irradiation's implications for the global trade in food and agricultural commodities. Also included is new information on the scientific, regulatory, and consumer acceptance status of food irradiation and the role this technology will play in the 21st century.The new information in this book will be useful to all those involved in the processing, preservation, and distribution of food, as well as food industry managers and regulatory personnel. To receive your copy promptly, please order now. Information on ordering follows the complete table of contents. Conference Sponsors and SpeakersThis conference was sponsored by three U.N. Agencies: IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), and the WHO (World Health Organization). All authors are leading experts in aspects of food irradiation. From the Editor's Foreword "Significant developments on the acceptance and application of food irradiation as a method to ensure food safety and quality and to facilitate food trade have occurred in recent years. Regulations on food irradiation in many countries either have been or are being harmonized based on the Codex General Standard for Irradiated Foods and relevant recommendations of the International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation (ICGFI). The number of irradiation facilities for treating food is increasing and many more are under construction or being planned. The consumers are getting accurate information and are beginning to appreciate the benefit of irradiated foods…. The potential of irradiation as a method to ensure the hygienic quality of food, especially those of animal origin, as a quarantine treatment of fresh horticultural commodities, and as a substitute for fumigants, is being realized… The Conference reaffirmed the view that the safety and nutritional adequacy of irradiated food produced under conditions of Good Manufacturing Practice is no longer in question, regardless of the absorbed dose."
Irregularities and Prediction of Major Disasters
by Yi Lin Shoucheng OuYangAlthough scientists have effectively employed the concepts of probability to address the complex problem of prediction, modern science still falls short in establishing true predictions with meaningful lead times of zero-probability major disasters. The recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, and China are tragic reminders of the critical need for
Irrigated Agriculture in Egypt
by Masayoshi Satoh Samir AboulroosThis book targets the issue of water scarcity in Egypt as a typical example of the world water crisis. Today, the available water resource is facing its limit because of rapid increase in water demand as a result of population growth and changes in peoples' life-style. The basic idea to solve the problem of water scarcity is that the irrigation sector, the biggest user of water, should increase water use efficiency. However, the real problem is how this can be achieved in view of the crucial need for water in this sector. This book addresses this challenge through case studies from the Nile delta in Egypt. The water problem in the Nile delta, the major source for water in Egypt, is discussed in this book from all its various aspects. This book covers the situation before and after the advent of the Aswan High Dam, so that the reader understands the entire development. Another special feature are the extensive and scientific descriptions of contemporary topics in water and agriculture, especially from the viewpoint of water saving and sustainability. These descriptions are based on field experiments and surveys in a six-year international research project. Topics of this book are local, but their implications are global.
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
by Peter Waller Muluneh YitayewThis textbook focuses specifically on the combined topics of irrigation and drainage engineering. It emphasizes both basic concepts and practical applications of the latest technologies available. The design of irrigation, pumping, and drainage systems using Excel and Visual Basic for Applications programs are explained for both graduate and undergraduate students and practicing engineers. The book emphasizes environmental protection, economics, and engineering design processes. It includes detailed chapters on irrigation economics, soils, reference evapotranspiration, crop evapotranspiration, pipe flow, pumps, open-channel flow, groundwater, center pivots, turf and landscape, drip, orchards, wheel lines, hand lines, surfaces, greenhouse hydroponics, soil water movement, drainage systems design, drainage and wetlands contaminant fate and transport. It contains summaries, homework problems, and color photos. The book draws from the fields of fluid mechanics, soil physics, hydrology, soil chemistry, economics, and plant sciences to present a broad interdisciplinary view of the fundamental concepts in irrigation and drainage systems design.
Irrigation In The Bajio Region Of Colonial Mexico
by Michael E MurphyThis book provides detailed histories of colonial water systems in four localities in the Mexican Baja-o-Celaya, Salvatierra, Valle de Santiago, and Queretaro. It includes studies of irrigated agriculture, hydraulic technology, and water law in the region. The local histories richly illustrate, through the patterns of irrigation, the interactions b
Irrigation in the Mediterranean: Technologies, Institutions and Policies (Global Issues in Water Policy #22)
by François Molle Carles Sanchis-Ibor Llorenç Avellà-ReusMediterranean irrigation is diverse due to, among other factors, the relative importance of water in the economy of each country, varied levels of aridity, heterogeneous levels economic, social and technological levels of development, and differences in political and social organization. However, most of the Mediterranean countries face similar problems to meet their water demands because of the scarcity and variability of renewable resources, growing water requirements from non-agricultural sectors, increasing environmental concerns related to water quality and environmental degradation, a social demand for larger public participation, and important technological changes. The time has come to reconsider the “not one drop lost to the sea” philosophy of yesteryears largely and to 'live within limits'.This book focuses on eight selected countries (Tunisia, Morocco, Spain, France, Italy, Turkey, Israel and Egypt) and provides a comparative perspective that both thoroughly explores their specificities and identifies the common challenges faced by the irrigation sector in these countries. The book has been written at a critical moment, when the continued application of a supply-side water management model is revealing its unsustainable nature in numerous places; when significant technological changes are taking place in the irrigation sector; when new forms of management and governance are widely held as badly needed; and finally, when climate change is compounding many of the difficulties that have characterized irrigation policies and practices in the past decades.This complicated future context makes Mediterranean irrigation face various political dilemmas on water management, raising social tensions, triggering territorial and land conflicts, and stimulating new technological developments. This book provides a timely analysis of the particular trajectory of eight Mediterranean countries in these uncertain transformations, and attempts to identify the best strategies to avert or overcome future risks.
Irrigation Sustainability with Saline and Alkali Waters: Extent, Impacts and Management Guidelines
by Paramjit S. Minhas Manzoor QadirThis book provides a practical guidance and a set of principles for improving management of saline and alkali waters and thus would be useful for different stakeholders, including agricultural students, researchers, environmentalists, and policy makers. The worldwide aggregated area with occurrence of saline and brackish groundwater is about 24 million square kilometers causing annual food losses to the extent of food requirements of 170 million people. For fostering the safe and reliable use of these waters, researchers have innovated management techniques helping sustainable irrigation with waters otherwise rated earlier as unfit. Vast pool of information has been put together in this book covering groundwater irrigation scenario and need for non-conventional waters; extent, genesis, and global distribution of saline groundwater; impacts of saline and alkali irrigation waters on soils and crops; management approaches for sustaining irrigation with typical saline and alkali ground waters for agricultural and horticulture crops; steady and non-steady state models for salt and water dynamics vis-a-vis crop responses; alternate uses of highly saline waters; water quality guidelines for irrigation under different soil and agro-climatic conditions and ultimately some researchable and policy issues for promoting irrigation with these waters.
Irrigation Systems: Design, Planning and Construction
by Adrian LaycockThe author states that contemporary thinking in irrigation engineering has benefited from the cross-fertilization of ideas from other fields, including social sciences, control, theory, the economy, and agriculture. But, he continues, that knowledge has largely been ignored by many irrigation engineers, which has led to a decrease in their involvement in development of irrigation by planners and policy makers. Laycock, a civil engineer specializing in agricultural engineering, presents new ideas on the design of canals and pipeline systems, parabolic canals, computerized design, and relevant issues relating to social conflict, management, and political thinking. Clear writing and a number of photographs and illustrations add to the book's readability.
Irrigation With Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater - A Guidance Manual
by G.Stuart PettygroveIrrigation with Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater - A Guidance Manual is for use in the planning, design, and operation of agricultural and landscape irrigation systems using reclaimed municipal wastewater. It is written for civil and sanitary engineers, agricultural engineers, and agricultural extension workers and consultants. The manual is also useful as a reference for public works officials, municipal wastewater treatment plant operators, and students at colleges and universities. The text emphasizes irrigation for the purpose of optimizing crop production; therefore, it includes detailed instruction in the calculation of crop water requirements. Furthermore, the benefits and limitations of using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agricultural and landscape irrigation are discussed, as are other topics of special interest, including water management for salinity and sodicity control, and economic and legal aspects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation.
Is American Science in Decline?
by Yu Xie Alexandra A. KillewaldAlarmists argue that the United States urgently needs more and better-trained scientists to compete with the rest of the world. Their critics counter that, far from facing a shortage, we are producing a glut of young scientists with poor employment prospects. Both camps have issued reports in recent years that predict the looming decline of American science. Drawing on their extensive analysis of national data sets, Yu Xie and Alexandra Killewald have welcome news to share: American science is in good health. Is American Science in Decline? does reveal areas of concern, namely scientistsâ low earnings, the increasing competition they face from Asia, and the declining number of doctorates who secure academic positions. But the authors argue that the values inherent in American culture make the country highly conducive to science for the foreseeable future. They do not see globalization as a threat but rather a potential benefit, since it promotes efficiency in science through knowledge-sharing. In an age when other countries are catching up, American science will inevitably become less dominant, even though it is not in decline relative to its own past. As technology continues to change the American economy, better-educated workers with a range of skills will be in demand. So as a matter of policy, the authors urge that science education not be detached from general education.
Is Quality Just a Word We Use?: The Evolution from Managing Quality to Championing Organizational Excellence
by Tom TaorminaQuality management systems are essential for businesses to meet customer needs, ranging from product control to enterprise-wide process management. Effective management can elevate organizations to brand domination, while poor management can ruin an enterprise. This book equips quality experts with skills to champion business excellence and risk avoidance.Is Quality Just a Word We Use? The Evolution from Managing Quality to Championing Organizational Excellence explores the history and flaws of quality management, offering a career opportunity for professionals that can lead to professions as expert witnesses in products liability and organizational negligence litigation. It introduces a novel quality auditing method, focusing on forensic-level investigations and case studies to illustrate the importance of prioritizing quality in business operations.This book presents a groundbreaking model for quality professionals to drive revolutionary changes in business management, empowering them to eliminate defects and enhance their impact on business success, attracting professionals in fields such as quality assurance, quality management, risk management, and manufacturing management as well those involved in litigation.
Is Science Multicultural? Postcolonialisms, Feminisms, and Epistemologies
by Sandra HardingThis book explores what the last three decades of European/American, feminist, and postcolonial science and technology studies can learn from each other. Sandra introduces and discusses an array of postcolonial science studies.
Is That Real?: Identification and Assessment of the Counterfeiting Threat for U.S. Banknotes
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesA key mission of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing of the Department of the Treasury is the design and printing of U.S. banknotes. The BEP is responsible for producing easily recognizable currency that is difficult to counterfeit. In recent years, the bureau has recognized the modern information technology could lead to entirely new types of counterfeiting threats, and it has requested a number of studies by the NRC to assess these evolving threats. In this new request, the BEP asked the NRC to identify and evaluate significant emerging counterfeiting threats and to assess technologically feasible counterfeit-deterrent features for potential use in new designs. This first report provides an assessment of emerging threats including a wide range of digital imaging and printing techniques. It also presents an analysis of a systems approach to the counterfeiting threat. The second report will offer an evaluation of new banknote features to address these threats.
Is There a Future for Fossil Fuels?
by Ellen RodgerNatural gas, oil, and coal are finite resources, and their use contributes to deadly smog and global warming. The Future of Fossil Fuels follows the world's dependence on these resources and shows how people are working to reduce their use--and even make them more environmentally friendly!
Is There a Genius in Your Bathroom or Kitchen?
by Ellen SeidenIf you’re looking for a great invention, look no further than your bathroom or kitchen! Did you know that the first flushing toilet was invented four thousand years ago? Or that a melted chocolate bar sparked the discovery of the microwave? Learn about these great inventions and more!
Is This Wi-Fi Organic?: A Guide to Spotting Misleading Science Online
by Dave FarinaHow to separate facts from fake science in the Disinformation Age: “Cuts through the chaos . . . sure to keep you laughing while also keeping you thinking.” —Matt Candeias, PhD, author of In Defense of PlantsWe live in an era when scams, frauds, fake news, fake stories, fake science, and false narratives are everywhere. Fortunately, you don’t need a BS in Science to spot science BS. This guide from educator Dave Farina, aka YouTube’s Professor Dave, is a playful yet practical investigation of popular opinions and consumer trends that permeate our society. Shoppers insist on “organic” everything even if they’re unable to define the term. Healers and quantum mystics secure a foothold alongside science-based medicine in an unregulated and largely unchallenged landscape. Misleading marketing is used to sell you products and services that range from ineffectual to downright dangerous.With the knowledge gained from Dave Farina’s simple explanations of basic scientific principles, you can learn to spot misinformation and lies on the internet before they spot you. Learn the real science behind such semi-controversial subjects as drugs, vaccines, energy, and biotechnology—and most importantly, arm yourself with the critical-thinking skills everyone needs in a world filled with nonsense.“Scientific literacy is our best defense in an age of increasing disinformation.” —Kellie Gerardi, aerospace professional and author of Not Necessarily Rocket Science
Isaac Newton
by James GleickIsaac Newton was born in a stone farmhouse in 1642, fatherless and unwanted by his mother. When he died in London in 1727 he was so renowned he was given a state funeral--an unheard-of honor for a subject whose achievements were in the realm of the intellect. During the years he was an irascible presence at Trinity College, Cambridge, Newton imagined properties of nature and gave them names--mass, gravity, velocity--things our science now takes for granted. Inspired by Aristotle, spurred on by Galileo's discoveries and the philosophy of Descartes, Newton grasped the intangible and dared to take its measure, a leap of the mind unparalleled in his generation.James Gleick, the author of Chaos and Genius, and one of the most acclaimed science writers of his generation, brings the reader into Newton's reclusive life and provides startlingly clear explanations of the concepts that changed forever our perception of bodies, rest, and motion--ideas so basic to the twenty-first century, it can truly be said: We are all Newtonians.From the Trade Paperback edition.
Isaac Newton, The Asshole Who Reinvented the Universe: The Asshole Who Reinvented The Universe
by Florian Freistetter Brian TaylorA blunt and humorous profile of Isaac Newton focusing on his disagreeable personality and showing that his offputting qualities were key to his scientific breakthroughs.Isaac Newton may have been the most important scientist in history, but he was a very difficult man. Put more bluntly, he was an asshole, an SOB, or whatever epithet best describes an abrasive egomaniac. In this colorful profile of the great man--warts and all--astronomer Florian Freistetter shows why this damning assessment is inescapable.Newton's hatred of fellow scientist Robert Hooke knew no bounds and he was strident in expressing it. He stole the work of colleague John Flamsteed, ruining his career without a second thought. He carried on a venomous battle with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz over the invention of calculus, vilifying him anonymously while the German scientist was alive and continuing the attacks after he died. All evidence indicates that Newton was conniving, sneaky, resentful, secretive, and antisocial. Compounding the mystery of his strange character is that he was also a religious fanatic, a mystery-monger who spent years studying the Bible and predicted the apocalypse.While documenting all of these unusual traits, the author makes a convincing case that Newton would have never revolutionized physics if he hadn't been just such an obnoxious person. This is a fascinating character study of an astounding genius and--if truth be told--an almighty asshole as well.
Isaac Newton School Driving: Physics & Your Car
by Barry Parker&“Wonderful . . . a great resource for automobile fans who want to understand science, and vice versa.&” —Alan C. Tribble, author of A Tribble&’s Guide to Space For some, driving is an art; for others, it&’s a science. At the Isaac Newton School of Driving, though, every car is a laboratory on wheels and every drive an exciting journey into the world of physics. In this book, physics professor Barry Parker—whose father was a car mechanic and garage owner—shows how almost every aspect of driving involves physics. A car's performance and handling relies on concepts such as force, momentum, and energy. Its ignition system depends on the principles of electricity and magnetism. Braking relies on friction—and if the brakes fail, the resulting damage, too, can be predicted using physics. Parker&’s first lesson describes the basics: speed and acceleration; why you get thrown forward while braking or outward while turning; and why car advertisements boast about horsepower and torque. He also discusses: the thermodynamics of engines, and how they can be more fuel efficientwhat friction and traction are and how they keep a car&’s tires on the road, whether it's dry, wet, or icyhow simple laws of physics enable scientists to design aerodynamic cars and high-tech steering systemsthe high-performance physics of auto racinghow traffic accidents are reconstructed by policehow chaos theory helps explain why traffic jams happenwhat cars of the future might look like, and more &“You don't need to be an engineer to read and enjoy Parker&’s often entertaining book…covers everything from the basics of engines and electronics to crashes and congestion.&” —Autoweek
Isambard Kingdom Brunel
by Robin JonesA biography of the nineteenth-century Englishman who was &“one of the most ingenious and prolific figures in engineering history&” (Nature). Civil and mechanical engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel&’s accomplishments were extraordinary—involving the Great Western Railway, the SS Great Britain, the Clifton Suspension Bridge, prefabricated hospital buildings for use during the Crimean War, and more. Born in Portsmouth in 1806, he followed in his French father&’s professional footsteps—and went on to play a major role in the Industrial Revolution. Brunel the great engineer would habitually throw out the rule book of tradition and established practice and start again with a blank sheet of paper, taking the technology of the day to its limits and then going another mile. But there was also Brunel the visionary, who knew that transport technology had the power to change the world, and that he had the ability to deliver those changes. Finally, there was Brunel the artist, who rarely saw technology as just functional, and strove to entwine the fruits of the Industrial Revolution with the elegance and grace of the neoclassical painter. His bridges, tunnels and railway infrastructure have entered a third century of regular use, and the beauty of their design and structure has rarely been equaled. The three decades from the 1830s to the 1850s saw an explosion of technical excellence, and it was Brunel who in so many cases lit the blue touch paper. He did not always get it right the first time, and it was left to others to reap the fruits of his many labors. Nevertheless, his actions fast-forwarded the march of progress by several decades. This biography tells his impressive story. Includes color photographs
ISBI 2019 C-NMC Challenge: Select Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Bioengineering)
by Anubha Gupta Ritu GuptaThis book comprises select peer-reviewed proceedings of the medical challenge - C-NMC challenge: Classification of normal versus malignant cells in B-ALL white blood cancer microscopic images. The challenge was run as part of the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (IEEE ISBI) 2019 held at Venice, Italy in April 2019. Cell classification via image processing has recently gained interest from the point of view of building computer-assisted diagnostic tools for blood disorders such as leukaemia. In order to arrive at a conclusive decision on disease diagnosis and degree of progression, it is very important to identify malignant cells with high accuracy. Computer-assisted tools can be very helpful in automating the process of cell segmentation and identification because morphologically both cell types appear similar. This particular challenge was run on a curated data set of more than 14000 cell images of very high quality. More than 200 international teams participated in the challenge. This book covers various solutions using machine learning and deep learning approaches. The book will prove useful for academics, researchers, and professionals interested in building low-cost automated diagnostic tools for cancer diagnosis and treatment.