- Table View
- List View
Modelling Public Transport Passenger Flows in the Era of Intelligent Transport Systems
by Guido Gentile Klaus NoekelThis book shows how transit assignment models can be used to describe and predict the patterns of network patronage in public transport systems. It provides a fundamental technical tool that can be employed in the process of designing, implementing and evaluating measures and/or policies to improve the current state of transport systems within given financial, technical and social constraints. The book offers a unique methodological contribution to the field of transit assignment because, moving beyond "traditional" models, it describes more evolved variants that can reproduce: * intermodal networks with high- and low-frequency services; * realistic behavioural hypotheses underpinning route choice; * time dependency in frequency-based models; and * assumptions about the knowledge that users have of network conditions that are consistent with the present and future level of information that intelligent transport systems (ITS) can provide. The book also considers the practical perspective of practitioners and public transport operators who need to model and manage transit systems; for example, the role of ITS is explained with regard to their potential in data collection for modelling purposes and validation techniques, as well as with regard to the additional data on network patronage and passengers' preferences that influences the network-management and control strategies imple mented. In addition, it explains how the different aspects of network operations can be incorporated in traditional models and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of doing so. Lastly, the book provides practical information on state-of-the-art implementations of the different models and the commercial packages that are currently available for transit modelling. Showcasing original work done under the aegis of the COST Action TU1004 (TransITS), the book provides a broad readership, ranging from Master and PhD students to researchers and from policy makers to practitioners, with a comprehensive tool for understanding transit assignment models.
Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes
by Baotang Shen Ove Stephansson Mikael RinneThis text book provides the theoretical background of rock fracture mechanics and displacement discontinuity methods used for the modelling of geomechanical problems. The computer program FRACOD is used to analyse the fracture problems, assessing fracture initiation and propagation in tension (Mode I), shear (Mode II) and mixed mode I and II of solid intact or jointed geomaterials. The book also presents the fundamentals of thermo-mechanical coupling and hydro-mechanical coupling. Formulations of multiple regional mechanical, thermal and hydraulic functions, which allow analyses of fracture mechanics problems for structures made of brittle, rock-like materials, are provided. In addition, instructive examples of code verification and applications are presented. Additional material: The 2-D version of the FRACOD program, a manual on the program and a wealth of verification examples of classical problems in physics, mechanics and hydromechanics are available at http://extras. springer. com. A large number of applications related to civil, mining, petroleum and environmental engineering are also included. - The first textbook available on modelling of rock fracture propagation - Introduces readers to the fundamentals of rock fracturing - Uses a modern style of teaching with theory, mathematical modelling and applications in one package - The basic version of the FRACOD software, manual, verification examples and applications are available as additional material - The FRACOD program and manual enable the readers to solve fracture propagation problems on their own --------------------------- Ki-Bok Min, Department of Energy Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea "Challenging rock engineering applications require extreme conditions of stress, temperature and hydraulic pressure resulting in rock fracturing to a various extent. The FRACOD is one of few computer codes available in engineering rock mechanics that can simulate the initiation and propagation of fractures often interacting with natural fractures. Its capability has been significantly enhanced to include the hydraulic and thermal fracturing with concerted interaction from multi-national research and industry partners. My experience with the FRACOD is very positive and I am certain that its already-excellent track record will expand further in the future. "
Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes: Theories, Methods, and Applications
by Baotang Shen Ove Stephansson Mikael RinneThis book is the second edition of the well-known textbook Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes. The new and extended edition provides the theoretical background of rock fracture mechanics used for modelling of 2-D and 3-D geomechanics problems and processes. Fundamentals of rock fracture mechanics integrated with experimental studies of rock fracturing processes are highlighted. The computer programs FRACOD 2D and 3D are used to analyse fracture initiation and propagation for the three fracture modes: Mode I, II and III. Coupled fracture modelling with other continuous and distinct element codes including FLAC, PFC, RFPA, TOUGH are also described. A series of applications of fracture modelling with importance for modern society is presented and discussed by distinguished rock fracture modelling experts.
Modelling, Simulation and Applications of Complex Systems: CoSMoS 2019, Penang, Malaysia, April 8-11, 2019 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #359)
by Mohd Hafiz Mohd Md Yushalify Misro Syakila Ahmad Doanh Nguyen NgocThis book discusses the latest progresses and developments on complex systems research and intends to give an exposure to prospective readers about the theoretical and practical aspects of mathematical modelling, numerical simulation and agent-based modelling frameworks. The main purpose of this book is to emphasize a unified approach to complex systems analysis, which goes beyond to examine complicated phenomena of numerous real-life systems; this is done by investigating a huge number of components that interact with each other at different (microscopic and macroscopic) scales; new insights and emergent collective behaviours can evolve from the interactions between individual components and also with their environments. These tools and concepts permit us to better understand the patterns of various real-life systems and help us to comprehend the mechanisms behind which distinct factors shaping some complex systems phenomena being influenced.This book is published in conjunction with the International Workshop on Complex Systems Modelling & Simulation 2019 (CoSMoS 2019): IoT & Big Data Integration. This international event was held at the Universiti Sains Malaysia Main Campus, Penang, Malaysia, from 8 to 11 April 2019. This book appeals to readers interested in complex systems research and other related areas such as mathematical modelling, numerical simulation and agent-based modelling frameworks.
Modelling, Simulation and Control of Two-Wheeled Vehicles
by Sergio Saveresi Matteo Corno Mara TanelliEnhanced e-book includes videos Many books have been written on modelling, simulation and control of four-wheeled vehicles (cars, in particular). However due to the very specific and different dynamics of four-wheeled and two-wheeled vehicles, it is very difficult to reuse previous knowledge gained on cars on two-wheeled vehicles.Modelling, Simulation and Control of Two-wheeled Vehicles presents all of the unique features of two-wheeled vehicles, comprehensively covering the main methods, tools and approaches to address the modelling, simulation and control design issues. With contributions from leading researchers, this book also offers a perspective on the future trends in the field, outlining the future challenges and the industrial and academic development scenarios. Extensive reference to real-world problems and experimental tests are also included throughout. Key features:The first book to cover all aspects of two-wheeled vehicles dynamics and controlCollates cutting edge research from leading international researchers in the fieldCovers motorcycle control - a subject gaining more and more attention both from an academic and an industrial viewpointCovers modelling, simulation and control, areas which are integrated in two-wheeled vehicles, and therefore must be considered together in order to gain insight into this very specific field of researchPresents analysis of experimental data and reports results obtained on instrumented vehicles Modelling, Simulation and Control of Two-wheeled Vehicles is a comprehensive reference for those in academia who are interested in the state-of-the-art in two-wheeled vehicles, and is also a useful source of information for industrial practitioners.
Modelling, Simulation and Intelligent Computing: Proceedings of MoSICom 2020 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #659)
by Nilesh Goel Shazia Hasan V. KalaichelviThis book presents articles from the International Conference on Modelling, Simulation and Intelligent Computing (MoSICom 2020), held at Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, UAE, in January 2020. Modelling and simulation are becoming increasingly important in a wide variety of fields, from Signal, Image and Speech Processing, and Microelectronic Devices and Circuits to Intelligent Techniques, Control and Energy Systems, and Power Electronics. Further, Intelligent Computational techniques are gaining significance in interdisciplinary engineering applications, such as Robotics and Automation, Healthcare Technologies, IoT and its Applications. Featuring the latest advances in the field of engineering applications, this book serves as a definitive reference resource for researchers, professors and practitioners interested in exploring advanced techniques in the field of modelling, simulation and computing.
Modelling Soil Development Under Global Change (SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences)
by Peter FinkeQuantitative assessments of the effects of global change on soil development are mostly focused on soil carbon, some nutrients, pollutants and soil water. Soil however is a complex entity with interacting biological, physical and chemical processes that are rarely modelled in its entirety. Additionally, for the sake of simplicity various soil properties are considered constants whereas in reality they are not. Soil as we observe it is the resultant of many processes driven by varying boundary conditions such as climate and organisms including men. This is not different when we study global change, thus modelling soil development under global change overlaps with modelling soil formation. This book gives an overview of what such model should entail, with ample descriptions to use SoilGen, a simulattion model to study pedogenesis.
Modelling Spark Ignition Combustion (Energy, Environment, and Sustainability)
by P. A. Lakshminarayanan Avinash Kumar Agarwal Haiwen Ge J. M. MallikarjunaThe book provides a comprehensive overview of combustion models used in different types of spark ignition engines. In the first generation of spark ignition (SI) engines, the turbulence is created by the shear flow passing through the intake valves, and significantly decays during the intake and compression strokes. The residual turbulence enhances the laminar flame velocity, which is characteristic of the fuel and increases the relative effectiveness of the engine. In this simple two-zone model, the turbulence is estimated empirically; the spherical flame propagation model considers ignition delay, thermodynamics, heat transfer and chemical equilibrium, to obtain the performance and emissions of an SI engine. The model is used extensively by designers and research engineers to handle the fuel-air mixture prepared in the inlet and different geometries of open combustion chambers. The empiricism of the combustion model was progressively dismantled over the years. New 3D models for ignition considering the flow near a spark plug and flame propagation in the bulk gases were developed by incorporating solutions to Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for the turbulent flow with chemical reactions in the intense computational fluid dynamics. The models became far less empirical and enabled treating new generation direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) gasoline and gas engines. The more complex layout of DISI engines with passive or active prechamber is successfully handled by them. This book presents details of models of SI engine combustion progressively increasing in complexity, making them accessible to designers, researchers, and even mechanical engineers who are curious to explore the field. This book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in spark ignition combustion.
Modelling, Stability Analysis, and Control of a Buck Converter: Digital Simulation of Buck Regulator Systems in MATLAB®
by Moleykutty George Jagadeesh PasupuletiA generalized approach in a systematic way is inevitable to oversee the challenges one may face in the product development stage to acquire the desired output performance under various operating conditions. This book, Modelling, Stability Analysis, and Control of a Buck Converter: Digital Simulation of Buck Regulator Systems in MATLAB®, written and structured to cater to readers of different levels, aims to provide a clear understanding of different aspects of modelling and practical implementation. The operation of the semiconductor switches, switching characteristics of the energy storage elements, stability analysis, state-space approach, transfer function modelling, mathematical modelling, and closed loop control of the buck converter, which are illustrated in this book can be extended to any other similar system independent of complexity. This book: Covers modelling and control of buck converters and provides sufficient understanding to model and control complex systems. Discusses step response, pole-zero maps, Bode and root locus plots for stability analysis, and design of the controller. Explains time response, frequency response, and stability analysis of the resistive-capacitive (R-C), resistive-inductive (R-L), and R-L-C circuits to support the design of the buck converter. Includes simulation and experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of closed loop buck regulator systems using proportional (P), integral (I), and P-I controllers to achieve the desired output performance. Provides MATLAB codes, Algorithms, and MATLAB/PSB models to help readers with digital simulation. It is primarily written for senior undergraduate and graduate students, academic researchers, and specialists in the field of electrical and electronics engineering.
Modelling Supply Chain Dynamics
by Jose M. FraminanThis book discusses supply chain management, focusing on developments within modelling the dynamic behaviour of the supply chain. Aimed at postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners, this book provides an in-depth knowledge of the dynamics of supply chains. Business trends such as the globalisation process and the increase of competition across many industrial sectors have forced companies to concentrate on their core competences and to outsource those activities in which they do not excel. As a consequence, companies no longer produce and distribute their goods in isolation, but being part of a supply chain or supply network, i.e. a set of interrelated companies who ultimately deliver the goods and services to the final customer. Despite the prevalence of supply chains as the primary form of production and distribution, their performance can be seriously hampered by the complex dynamics resulting from the collaboration and coordination (or lack thereof) among their members.This book provides the reader with modelling tools to understand, analyse and improve the dynamic behaviour of supply chains. It assembles seminal works on supply chain models and recent developments on the topic in order to provide a comprehensive, unified vision of the field for researchers and practitioners who wish to grasp the challenges of supply chain management. Aside presenting the main elements, equations and performance indicators governing the dynamics of a supply chain, and the book addresses issues such as the effect of timely and accurately sharing the information across members, the influence of restrictions on the productive capacities of their members, or the impact of the variability of the lead times, among others. Furthermore, more complex supply chain structures such as non-serial supply networks or closed-loop supply chains are modelled and discussed. Relevant managerial insights regarding the causes of supply chain underperformance, as well as avenues to improve their efficiency can be extracted from the resulting models.
Modelling the Effects of Blasting on Rock Breakage
by V.A. Borovikov I.F. VanyaginThis work provides a translation of "Modelirovanie deistviya vzriva pri razruzhenii gornikh porod" (Moscow, 1990). Presenting theories of simulating blast effects in elastic and elastoplastic media, it covers topics such as the classical and modern methods for modelling rock breakage by blasting.
Modelling the Evolution of Natural Fracture Networks: Methods for Simulating the Nucleation, Propagation and Interaction of Layer-Bound Fractures
by Michael John Welch Mikael Lüthje Simon John OldfieldThis book presents and describes an innovative method to simulate the growth of natural fractural networks in different geological environments, based on their geological history and fundamental geomechanical principles.The book develops techniques to simulate the growth and interaction of large populations of layer-bound fracture directly, based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and subcritical propagation theory. It demonstrates how to use these techniques to model the nucleation, propagation and interaction of layer-bound fractures in different orientations around large scale geological structures, based on the geological history of the structures. It also explains how to use these techniques to build more accurate discrete fracture network (DFN) models at a reasonable computational cost. These models can explain many of the properties of natural fracture networks observed in outcrops, using actual outcrop examples. Finally, the book demonstrates how it can be incorporated into flow modelling workflows using subsurface examples from the hydrocarbon and geothermal industries.Modelling the Evolution of Natural Fracture Networks will be of interest to anyone curious about understanding and predicting the evolution of complex natural fracture networks across large geological structures. It will be helpful to those modelling fluid flow through fractures, or the geomechanical impact of fracture networks, in the hydrocarbon, geothermal, CO2 sequestration, groundwater and engineering industries.
Modelling the Fate of Chemicals in the Environment and the Human Body
by Philippe Ciffroy Alice Tediosi Ettore CapriThis volume focuses on modelling the fate of chemicals in the environment and the human body to arrive at an integrated exposure assessment. It covers five broad topics, namely: future challenges in exposure assessment; the evolution of human health and environmental risk assessment; standard documentation for exposure models; modelling different environmental components (i. e. surface waters, atmosphere, soil, groundwater, plants, aquatic organisms and mammals); and the fate of contaminants in humans. This work draws on the authors' and editors' extensive experience and a range of different research activities, including case studies, that have led to the development of MERLIN-Expo, a standardised software package for simulating the fate of chemicals in the main environmental systems and in the human body in an integrated manner. It will be of considerable interest to researchers and students, risk managers, and policy- and decision-makers whose work involves environmental protection and human health.
Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #947)
by Lang Tran, Miguel A. Bañares and Robert RalloIn today’s nanotechnology and pharmaceutical research, alternative toxicology testing methods are crucial for ethically and commercially sound practice. This book provides practical guidelines on how to develop and validate quantitative nanostructure-toxicity relationship (QNTR) models, which are ideal for rapidly exploring the effects of a large number of variables in complex scenarios. Through contributions by academic, industrial, and governmental experts, Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles delivers clear instruction on these methods and their integration and use in risk assessment. Specific topics include the physico-chemical characteristics of engineered nanoparticles, nanoparticle interactions, in vivo nanoparticle processing, and more. A much-needed practical guide, Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles is a key text for researchers as well as government and industry regulators.
Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles
by Lang Tran Miguel A. Bañares Robert RalloIn today's nanotechnology and pharmaceutical research, alternative toxicology testing methods are crucial for ethically and commercially sound practice. This book provides practical guidelines on how to develop and validate quantitative nanostructure-toxicity relationship (QNTR) models, which are ideal for rapidly exploring the effects of a large number of variables in complex scenarios. Through contributions by academic, industrial, and governmental experts, Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles delivers clear instruction on these methods and their integration and use in risk assessment. Specific topics include the physico-chemical characteristics of engineered nanoparticles, nanoparticle interactions, in vivo nanoparticle processing, and more. A much-needed practical guide, Modelling the Toxicity of Nanoparticles is a key text for researchers as well as government and industry regulators.
Modelling Transport
by Juan de Ortúzar Luis G. WillumsenMODELLING TRANSPORT Comprehensive Textbook Resource for Understanding Transport Modelling Modelling Transport provides unrivalled depth and breadth of coverage on the topic of transport modelling. Each topic is approached as a modelling exercise with discussion of the roles of theory, data, model specification, estimation, validation, and application. The authors present the state of the art and its practical application in a pedagogic manner, easily understandable to both students and practitioners. An accompanying website hosts a solutions manual. Sample topics and learning resources included in the work are as follows: State-of-the-art developments in the field of transport modelling, including new research and examplesFactors to consider for better modelling and forecastingInformation and analysis on dynamic assignment and micro-simulation and model design and specificationAgent and Activity Based ModellingModelling new modes and services Graduate students in transportation engineering and planning, transport economics, urban studies, and geography programs along with researchers and practitioners in the transportation and urban planning industry can use Modelling Transport as a comprehensive reference work for a wide array of topics pertaining to this field.
Modelling Transport
by Luis G. Willumsen Juan De OrtúzarAlready the market leader in the field, Modelling Transport has become still more indispensible following a thorough and detailed update. Enhancements include two entirely new chapters on modelling for private sector projects and on activity-based modelling; a new section on dynamic assignment and micro-simulation; and sizeable updates to sections on disaggregate modelling and stated preference design and analysis. It also tackles topical issues such as valuation of externalities and the role of GPS in travel time surveys.Providing unrivalled depth and breadth of coverage, each topic is approached as a modelling exercise with discussion of the roles of theory, data, model specification, estimation, validation and application. The authors present the state of the art and its practical application in a pedagogic manner, easily understandable to both students and practitioners.Follows on from the highly successful third edition universally acknowledged as the leading text on transport modelling techniques and applicationsIncludes two new chapters on modelling for private sector projects and activity based modeling, and numerous updates to existing chaptersIncorporates treatment of recent issues and concerns like risk analysis and the dynamic interaction between land use and transportProvides comprehensive and rigorous information and guidance, enabling readers to make practical use of every available techniqueRelates the topics to new external factors and technologies such as global warming, valuation of externalities and global positioning systems (GPS).
Modelling Trends in Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
by Debashish Sengupta Sudha AgrahariThis book explores state-of-art techniques based on methodological and modeling aspects of solid and hazardous waste management, specifically focusing on the recent trends in data acquisition and robust modeling of the results obtained. In addition to an in-depth description of the recent regulatory paradigm for solid waste disposal and revealing insights into solid waste management models, the book also addresses significant case history and remediation methodologies for sustainable development in emerging economies like India, China and Brazil. The main emphasis is on a suitable regulatory framework with site-specific baseline calibration and aimed at the robust modeling of contaminant transport and its remediation. This is based on instructive case history in various locations/regions worldwide. The focus on recent modeling and quantification methods is the backbone of the book. One of the major aspects discussed is the application of non-invasive methods for studies related to the Earth's interior, which are increasingly preferred over invasive techniques thanks to their economic utility, as well as robust techniques for the interpretation of geophysical data. The increasing demand for groundwater and energy resources, especially for rapidly emerging countries with large populations like India and China, has made it vital to derive safe utilization approaches for our resources, including suitable waste disposal and remediation methodologies that can be adopted for 'contaminated sites. '
Models and Measures in Measurements and Monitoring (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #360)
by Vitaliy P. Babak Serhii V. Babak Volodymyr S. Eremenko Yurii V. Kuts Mykhailo V. Myslovych Leonid M. Scherbak Artur O. ZaporozhetsThis book examines modern methods of creating models and measures in measurements, physical and probabilistic measures, models, spaces and bases of signals and fields, deterministic and probabilistic models and measures of angular quantities. Examples of their use on a circle and in phase measurements are given; models and measures for diagnostics in the electric power industry, in standardless measurements of the characteristics of composite materials, in environmental pollution monitoring systems, also with using unmanned aerial vehicles, are considered. Most of the presented results were obtained on the basis of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The book is intended for researchers, engineers, as well as lecturers, graduate students and students of higher educational institutions dealing with the problems of measurements, monitoring and diagnostics of complex technical objects.
Models and Modeling: An Introduction for Earth and Environmental Scientists
by Jerry P. FairleyAn Introduction to Models and Modeling in the Earth and Environmental Sciences offers students and professionals the opportunity to learn about groundwater modeling, starting from the basics. Using clear, physically-intuitive examples, the author systematically takes us on a tour that begins with the simplest representations of fluid flow and builds through the most important equations of groundwater hydrology. Along the way, we learn how to develop a conceptual understanding of a system, how to choose boundary and initial conditions, and how to exploit model symmetry. Other important topics covered include non-dimensionalization, sensitivity, and finite differences. Written in an eclectic and readable style that will win over even math-phobic students, this text lays the foundation for a successful career in modeling and is accessible to anyone that has completed two semesters of Calculus. Although the popular image of a geologist or environmental scientist may be the rugged adventurer, heading off into the wilderness with a compass and a hand level, the disciplines of geology, hydrogeology, and environmental sciences have become increasingly quantitative. Today’s earth science professionals routinely work with mathematical and computer models, and career success often demands a broad range of analytical and computational skills. An Introduction to Models and Modeling in the Earth and Environmental Sciencesis written for students and professionals who want to learn the craft of modeling, and do more than just run “black box” computer simulations.
Models for Design: Electrical Calculations for Industrial Plants
by Robert E. Henry PEThis book instructs the reader on how to size a network’s equipment and address requirements for fast-transient loads (kiloampere loads that last for several minutes). It explores specific calculations used to design equipment for plants. The chapters discuss economic design methods and dynamic-load requirements for electrical equipment. New motor thermal models are developed and power-cable thermal models are also covered. Furthermore, it presents universal plant-load breakdown.
Models for Financing, Cost and Risk Assessment: Major Railway Tunnel Projects in Europe
by Konrad BergmeisterProject managers of large railroad tunnels in Europe summarize their experiences. In addition to explaining the general conditions, they give an overview of financing, cost and risk management, scheduling, quality control and auditing. The book address project manager of mayor infrastructure projects as well as decision makers, financers, engineers. Additionally, it provides valuable information for organizations that are responsible for future projects in politics and management.
Models for Optimum Decision Making: Crude Oil Production and Refining (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #286)
by Katta G. MurtyThis book considers the problem of determining how many barrels of crude oil an oil-producing and exporting country should produce annually for export―along with several other important problems that decision-makers in the crude oil industry face―and discusses procedures for finding optimum solutions for them. It considers the important Objective Functions they need in making these critical decisions, and discusses procedures to find the best solutions. Outputs from the treatment units, in an oil refinery are only semi-finished products; these are blended into finished products like gasoline, diesel oil, etc., meeting various specifications that the marketplace demands. The book discusses models for solving these problems optimally with examples.
Models for Research and Understanding: Exploring Dynamic Systems, Unconventional Approaches, and Applications (Simulation Foundations, Methods and Applications)
by Stanislaw RaczynskiThis introductory textbook/reference addresses the fundamental and mostly applied kinds of models. The focus is on models of dynamic systems that move and change over time. However, the work also proposes new methods of uncertainty treatment, offering supporting examples.Topics and features: Chapters suitable for textbook use in teaching modeling and simulationIncludes sections of questions and answers, helpful in didactic workProposes new methodology in addition to examining conventional approachesOffers some cognitive, more abstract models to give a wider insight on model building The book’s readership may consist of researchers working on multidisciplinary problems, as well educators and students. It may be used while teaching computer simulation, applied mathematics, system analysis and system dynamics.
Models for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems
by Dario Marra Cesare Pianese Pierpaolo Polverino Marco SorrentinoThis book presents methodologies suitable for the optimal design of control and diagnosis strategies for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems. One key feature of the methodologies presented is the use of modeling tools with an ideal balance between accuracy and computational burden. Particular emphasis is given to the useful combination of models within a hierarchical framework to reduce the experimental efforts required for characterization and testing. Such tools are proven to be highly effective for SOFC systems destined for both residential and transportation applications. Throughout the book, optimization is always conceived in such a way so as to allow the SOFC systems to work efficiently while guaranteeing safe thermal operation, as well as an extended lifetime. This book is aimed at scientists and engineers involved in the design of marketable SOFC systems. It gathers the knowledge and experience derived from other research and industry practice for which control and diagnosis have proven to be the main keys to success and market penetration.