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Molecular Computing
by Weng-Long Chang Athanasios V. VasilakosThis textbook introduces a concise approach to the design of molecular algorithms for students or researchers who are interested in dealing with complex problems. Through numerous examples and exercises, you will understand the main difference of molecular circuits and traditional digital circuits to manipulate the same problem and you will also learn how to design a molecular algorithm of solving any a problem from start to finish. The book starts with an introduction to computational aspects of digital computers and molecular computing, data representation of molecular computing, molecular operations of molecular computing and number representation of molecular computing and provides many molecular algorithm to construct the parity generator and the parity checker of error-detection codes on digital communication, to encode integers of different formats, single precision and double precision of floating-point numbers, to implement addition and subtraction of unsigned integers, to construct logic operations including NOT, OR, AND, NOR, NAND, Exclusive-OR (XOR) and Exclusive-NOR (XNOR), to implement comparators, shifters, increase, decrease, and to complete two specific operations that are to find the maximum number of "1" and to find the minimum number of "1". The book is also a useful reference source to people new for the field of molecular computing.
Molecular Detection of Human Bacterial Pathogens
by Dongyou LiuAs more original molecular protocols and subsequent modifications are described in the literature, it has become difficult for those not directly involved in the development of these protocols to know which are most appropriate to adopt for accurate identification of bacterial pathogens. Molecular Detection of Human Bacterial Pathogens addresses th
Molecular Devices: An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications
by Andrei A. GakhComprehensive look at mechanical molecular devices that mimic the behavior of man-made devices Molecular devices and molecular machines are individual molecules and molecular systems capable of providing valuable device-like functions. Many of them have distinct conventional prototypes and therefore can be identified as technomimetic molecules. The last decade has seen an increasing rate of practical applications of molecular devices and machines, primarily in biomedical and material science fields. Molecular devices: An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications focuses on mechanical molecular devices, including the early set of technomimetic molecules. Topics covered include the many simple molecular devices such as container compounds, gearing systems, belts and tubes, and tweezers. It touches upon each molecular machine and discusses in great detail the importance of their applications as well as the latest progress in the fields of chemistry, physics, and biotechnology. Interdisciplinary: Must-have content for physicists, chemists, and biologists Comprehensive: Details an extensive set of mechanical technomimetic molecular devices Thorough: Starts with the fundamental material characterization and finishes with real-world device application Molecular devices: An Introduction to Technomimetics and its Biological Applications is an important book for graduate students, researchers, scientists, and engineers in the fields of chemistry, materials science, molecular physics, engineering, biotechnology, and molecular medicine.
Molecular Diagnostics
by E. Pelt-Verkuil W. B. Leeuwen R. Te WittThis two volume book set provides a comprehensive and practical overview of the state-of-the-art molecular biological diagnostic strategies that are currently used in a wide variety of disciplines. The volumes cover: Clinical microbiology and virology Clinical chemistry Pathology Veterinary medicine Plant Pathology Food safety The two volumes are written by experts in their respective fields, who have, together with the editors, combined years of experience in the development, application and quality control of molecular diagnostic methods. The first book is devoted to the theory and backgrounds of molecular techniques, amplification technology, next generation sequencing and bioinformatics for molecular laboratory diagnostics. As a fundament of reliable molecular diagnostic assays, the quality control required for validation, implementation and performance of molecular diagnostic assays is extensively discussed. The second book highlights the applications of these methods in the various diagnostic laboratories. These two full-colour well-illustrated volumes are particularly valuable for students, clinicians, scientists and other professionals who are interested in (designing) molecular diagnostic tests and for those who wish to expand their knowledge on the current molecular biological revolution. The extensive information in both books highlights the current trend of the integration of multiple (clinical) disciplines into one universal molecular laboratory.
Molecular Diagnostics
by Sarah Schumacher Harald SeitzIntegration in Bioanalysis: Technologies for Point-of-Care Testing, by Frank F. Bier, Soeren Schumacher Future of Medicine: Models in Predictive Diagnostics and Personalized Medicine, by Babette Regierer, Valeria Zazzu, Ralf Sudbrak, Alexander Kühn and Hans Lehrach A Highly Versatile Microscope Imaging Technology Platform for the Multiplex Real-Time Detection of Biomolecules and Autoimmune Antibodies, by Stefan Rödiger, Peter Schierack, Alexander Böhm, Jörg Nitschke, Ingo Berger, Ulrike Frömmel, Carsten Schmidt, Mirko Ruhland, Ingolf Schimke, Dirk Roggenbuck, Werner Lehmann, Christian Schröder Platform Technologies for Molecular Diagnostics near the Patient's Bedside, by Soeren Schumacher, Christine Lüdecke, Eva Ehrentreich-Förster, Frank F. Bier Microfluidic Technology for Molecular Diagnostics, by Tom Robinson, Petra S. Dittrich Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications, by Friederike J. Gruhl, Bastian E. Rapp, Kerstin Länge Planar Protein Arrays in Microtiter Plates: Development of a New Format Towards Accurate, Automation-Friendly and Affordable (A3) Diagnostics, by Holger Eickhoff, Arif Malik
Molecular Diagnostics: Part 1: Technical Backgrounds and Quality Aspects
by W.B. van Leeuwen E. van Pelt-Verkuil R. Te WittThe books Molecular Diagnostics Part 1 and 2 provide a comprehensive and practical overview of the state-of-the-art molecular biological diagnostic strategies that are being used in a wide variety of disciplines. The editors and experts in their respective fields have combined their knowledge to write these two books. Many years of experience in the development, application and quality control of molecular diagnostic methods is reflected herewith. Molecular Diagnostics Part 1 is dedicated to the theoretical backgrounds of the technologies often applied in molecular diagnostics, in which nucleic acid amplification methods (such as real-time PCR), sequencing and bioinformatics are the basic tools. The assay design and -development, combined with items of trouble-shooting are described in detail. As a foundation of reliable molecular diagnostic assays, the quality control required for validation, implementation and performance of molecular diagnostic assays is thoroughly discussed. This book also provides extensive information for those working with molecular techniques in a wide variety of research applications using conventional and real-time PCR technology, Sanger and high throughput sequencing techniques, and bioinformatics. Molecular Diagnostics Part 2 highlights the applications of the molecular diagnostic methods in the various diagnostic laboratories, comprising:- Clinical microbiology- Clinical chemistry - Clinical genetics- Clinical pathology - Molecular hematopathology- Veterinary health- Plant health- Food safety Both full-colour and well-illustrated books are particularly valuable for students, clinicians, scientists and other professionals who are interested in (designing) molecular diagnostic methods and for those who wish to broaden their knowledge on the current molecular biological revolution. The information in the books highlights the trend of the integration of multiple (clinical) disciplines into one universal molecular laboratory.
Molecular Diversity of Environmental Prokaryotes
by Thiago Bruce Rodrigues and Amaro Emiliano Trindade SilvaThis book correlates the vast genetic diversity associated with environmental samples and still underexploited potential for the development of biotechnology products. The book points out the potential of different types of environmental samples. It presents the main characteristics of microbial diversity, the main approaches used for molecular characterization of the diversity, and practical examples of application of the exploration of the microbial diversity. It presents a not-yet-explored structure for discussing the main topics related to molecular biology of environmental prokaryotes and their biotechnological applications.
Molecular Dynamics and Complexity in Catalysis and Biocatalysis
by Marco PiumettiThis textbook presents a concise comparison of catalytic and biocatalytic systems outlining their catalytic properties and peculiarities. Moreover, it presents a brief introduction to the science of catalysis and attempts to unify different catalytic systems into a single, conceptually coherent structure. In fact, molecular dynamics and complexity may occur in both catalysts and biocatalysts, with many similarities in both their structural configuration and operational mechanisms. Moreover, the interactions between the different components of the catalytic system that are important in defining the overall activity, including the nature of active sites are discussed. Each chapter includes end of chapter questions supported by an online instructor solution manual. This textbook will be useful for undergraduate and graduate chemistry and biochemistry students.
Molecular Dynamics for Materials Modeling: A Practical Approach Using LAMMPS Platform
by Snehanshu Pal K. Vijay ReddyThe book focuses on the correlation of mechanical behavior with structural evaluation and the underlying mechanisms through molecular dynamics (MD) techniques using the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) platform. It provides representative examples of deformation behavior studies carried out using MD simulations through the LAMMPS platform, which provide contributory research findings toward the field of material technology. It also gives a general idea about the architecture of the coding used in LAMMPS and basic information about the syntax.Features: Provides a fundamental understanding of molecular dynamics simulation through LAMMPS Includes training on how to write LAMMPS input file scripts Discusses basics of molecular dynamics and fundamentals of nanoscale deformation behavior Explores molecular statics and Monte Carlo simulation technique Reviews key syntax implemented during simulation runs in LAMMPS, along with their functions This book is focused on researchers and graduate students in materials science, metallurgy, and mechanical engineering.
Molecular Dynamics of Additives in Polymers
by Alexander KovarskiThis volume focuses on the dynamical behaviour of low-molecular additives in solid polymer matrixes. It covers: types and models of molecular motion in condensed media; dependence of motional frequency on particle structure and size, temperature, volume and stress; and polymer properties and polymeric structures. Extensive analysis of common regularities of rotational and translational dynamics of molecules introduced into polymers are given. The book also includes experimental techniques for molecular mobility evaluation, and features detailed data on rotational dynamics of additives. It should be of interest to specialists in various fields of polymer physical chemistry and materials science.
Molecular Dynamics of Glass-Forming Systems
by Marian Paluch George Floudas Kai Ngai Andrzej GrzybowskiPressure is one of the essential thermodynamic variables that, due to some former experimental difficulties, was long known as the "forgotten variable." But this has changed over the last decade. This book includes the most essential first experiments from the 1960s and reviews the progress made in understanding glass formation with the application of pressure in the last ten years. The systems include amorphous polymers and glass-forming liquids, polypeptides and polymers blends. The thermodynamics of these systems, the relation of the structural relaxation to the chemical specificity, and their present and future potential applications are discussed in detail. The book provides (a) an overview of systems exhibiting glassy behavior in relation to their molecular structure and provides readers with the current state of knowledge on the liquid-to-glass transformation, (b) emphasizes the relation between thermodynamic state and dynamic response and (c) shows that the information on the pressure effects on dynamics can be employed in the design of materials for particular applications. It is meant to serve as an advanced introductory book for scientists and graduate students working or planning to work with dynamics. Several scientific papers dealing with the effects of pressure on dynamics have appeared in leading journals in the fields of physics in the last ten years. The book provides researchers and students new to the field with an overview of the knowledge that has been gained in a coherent and comprehensive way.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Nanostructured Materials: An Understanding of Mechanical Behavior
by Bankim Chandra Ray Snehanshu PalMolecular dynamics simulation is a significant technique to gain insight into the mechanical behavior of nanostructured (NS) materials and associated underlying deformation mechanisms at the atomic scale. The purpose of this book is to detect and correlate critically current achievements and properly assess the state of the art in the mechanical behavior study of NS material in the perspective of the atomic scale simulation of the deformation process. More precisely, the book aims to provide representative examples of mechanical behavior studies carried out using molecular dynamics simulations, which provide contributory research findings toward progress in the field of NS material technology.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Statistical Physics: Theory and Applications (Scientific Computation)
by Hiqmet KamberajThis book presents computer simulations using molecular dynamics techniques in statistical physics, with a focus on macromolecular systems. The numerical methods are introduced in the form of computer algorithms and can be implemented in computers using any desired computer programming language, such as Fortran 90, C/C++, and others. The book also explains how some of these numerical methods and their algorithms can be implemented in the existing computer programming software of macromolecular systems, such as the CHARMM program. In addition, it examines a number of advanced concepts of computer simulation techniques used in statistical physics as well as biological and physical systems. Discussing the molecular dynamics approach in detail to enhance readers understanding of the use of this method in statistical physics problems, it also describes the equations of motion in various statistical ensembles to mimic real-world experimental conditions. Intended for graduate students and research scientists working in the field of theoretical and computational biophysics, physics and chemistry, the book can also be used by postgraduate students of other disciplines, such as applied mathematics, computer sciences, and bioinformatics. Further, offering insights into fundamental theory, it as a valuable resource for expert practitioners and programmers and those new to the field.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Disordered Materials
by Carlo Massobrio Jincheng Du Marco Bernasconi Philip S. SalmonThis book is a unique reference work in the area of atomic-scale simulation of glasses. For the first time, a highly selected panel of about 20 researchers provides, in a single book, their views, methodologies and applications on the use of molecular dynamics as a tool to describe glassy materials. The book covers a wide range of systems covering "traditional" network glasses, such as chalcogenides and oxides, as well as glasses for applications in the area of phase change materials. The novelty of this work is the interplay between molecular dynamics methods (both at the classical and first-principles level) and the structure of materials for which, quite often, direct experimental structural information is rather scarce or absent. The book features specific examples of how quite subtle features of the structure of glasses can be unraveled by relying on the predictive power of molecular dynamics, used in connection with a realistic description of forces.
Molecular Electronic Control Over Tunneling Charge Transfer Plasmons Modes (Springer Theses)
by Shu Fen TanThis thesis describes the controlled immobilization of molecules between two cuboidal metal nanoparticles by means of a self-assembly method to control the quantum plasmon resonances. It demonstrates that quantum-plasmonics is possible at length scales that are useful for real applications. Light can interact with certain metals and can be captured in the form of plasmons, which are collective, ultra-fast oscillations of electrons that can be manipulated at the nano-scale. Surface plasmons are considered as a promising phenomenon for potentially bridging the gap between fast-operating-speed optics and nano-scale electronics. Quantum tunneling has been predicted to occur across two closely separated plasmonic resonators at length scales ( Unlike top-down nanofabrication, the molecules between the closely-spaced metal nanoparticles could control the gap sizes down to sub-nanometer scales and act as the frequency controllers in the terahertz regime, providing a new control parameter in the fabrication of electrical circuits facilitated by quantum plasmon tunneling.
Molecular Electronics: Properties: Dynamics, and Applications
by Gunter MahlerIntegrating molecular physics and information theory, this work presents molecular electronics as a method for information storage and retrieval that incorporates nanometer-scaled systems, uses microscopic particles and exploits the laws of quantum mechanics. It furnishes application examples employing properties of distinct molecules joined together to a macroscopic ensemble of virtually identical units.
Molecular Electronics, Circuits, and Processing Platforms (Nano- and Microscience, Engineering, Technology and Medicine)
by Sergey Edward LyshevskiWhen microelectronic devices replaced vacuum tubes, it marked a revolution in electronics that opened the way to the computer age. We are on the verge of witnessing another equally profound shift. As molecular devices replace semiconductors, we will achieve new levels of performance, functionality and capability that will hugely impact electronics, as well as signal processing and computing. Molecular Electronics, Circuits, and Processing Platforms guides you confidently into this emerging field. Helping you to forge into the molecular frontier, this book examines the various concepts, methods and technologies used to approach and solve a wide variety of problems. The author works from new devices to systems and platforms. He also covers device-level physics, system-level design, analysis, and advanced fabrication technologies. Explore the latest and emerging molecular, biomolecular, and nanoscale processing platforms for building the next generation of circuits, memories and computations. By examining both solved and open issues, this book thoroughly develops the basic theory and shows you how to apply this knowledge toward new developments and practical hardware implementation. Don’t fall behind. Let Molecular Electronics, Circuits, and Processing Platforms take you to the next level of electronics design and applications.
Molecular Engineering Thermodynamics
by Juan J. De Pablo Jay D. SchieberBuilding up gradually from first principles, this unique introduction to modern thermodynamics integrates classical, statistical and molecular approaches and is especially designed to support students studying chemical and biochemical engineering. In addition to covering traditional problems in engineering thermodynamics in the context of biology and materials chemistry, students are also introduced to the thermodynamics of DNA, proteins, polymers and surfaces. It includes over 80 detailed worked examples, covering a broad range of scenarios such as fuel cell efficiency, DNA/protein binding, semiconductor manufacturing and polymer foaming, emphasizing the practical real-world applications of thermodynamic principles; more than 300 carefully tailored homework problems, designed to stretch and extend students' understanding of key topics, accompanied by an online solution manual for instructors; and all the necessary mathematical background, plus resources summarizing commonly used symbols, useful equations of state, microscopic balances for open systems, and links to useful online tools and datasets.
Molecular Farming in Plants: Recent Advances and Future Prospects
by Aiming Wang Shengwu MaMolecular farming in plants is a relatively young subject of sciences. As plants can offer an inexpensive and convenient platform for the large-scale production of recombinant proteins with various functions, the driven force from the giant market for recombinant protein pharmaceuticals and industrial enzymes makes this subject grow and advance very quickly. To summarize recent advances, current challenges and future directions in molecular farming, international authorities were invited to write this book for researchers, teachers and students who are interested in this subject. This book, with the focus on the most advanced cutting-edge breakthroughs, covers all the essential aspects of the field of molecular farming in plants: from expression technologies to downstream processing, from products to safety issues, and from current advances and holdups to future developments.
Molecular Food Microbiology (Food Microbiology)
by Dongyou LiuThe elucidation of DNA double helix in 1953 and the publication of DNA cloning protocol in 1973 have put wings under the sail of molecular biology, which has since quietly revolutionized many fields of biological science, including food microbiology. Exploiting the power and versatility of molecular technologies, molecular food microbiology extends and greatly improves on phenotypically based food microbiology, leading to the development of better diagnostics for foodborne infections and intoxications, and contributing to the design of more effective therapeutics and prophylaxes against foodborne diseases. Forming part of the Food Microbiology series, Molecular Food Microbiology provides a state of art coverage on molecular techniques applicable to food microbiology. While the introductory chapter contains an overview on the principles of current DNA, RNA and protein techniques and discusses their utility in helping solve practical problems that food microbiology is facing now and in the future, the remaining chapters present detailed moleuclar analyses of selective foodborne viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Key Features: Contains a state of art overview on moleuclar techniques applicable to food microbiology research and development Presents in-depth molecular analysis of selective foodborne viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites Highlights the utility of molecular tecniques for accurate diagnosis and effective control of foodborne diseases Includes expert contributions from international scientists involved in molecular food microbiology research Represents a highly informative textbook for students majoring in food, medical, and veterinary microbiology Offers a contemporary reference for scholars and educators wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in molecular food microbiology With contributions from international scientists involved in molecular food microbiology research, this book constitutes an informative textbook for undergraduates and postgraduates majoring in food, medical, and veterinary microbiology; represents an indispensable guide for food, medical, and veterinary scientists engaged in molecular food microbiology research and development; and offers a contemporary update for scholars and educators trying to keep in touch with the latest developments in molecular food microbiology.
Molecular Gastronomy: Exploring the Science of Flavor (Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History)
by Hervé ThisHervé This (pronounced "Teess") is an internationally renowned chemist, a popular French television personality, a bestselling cookbook author, a longtime collaborator with the famed French chef Pierre Gagnaire, and the only person to hold a doctorate in molecular gastronomy, a cutting-edge field he pioneered. Bringing the instruments and experimental techniques of the laboratory into the kitchen, This uses recent research in the chemistry, physics, and biology of food to challenge traditional ideas about cooking and eating. What he discovers will entertain, instruct, and intrigue cooks, gourmets, and scientists alike.Molecular Gastronomy, This's first work to appear in English, is filled with practical tips, provocative suggestions, and penetrating insights. This begins by reexamining and debunking a variety of time-honored rules and dictums about cooking and presents new and improved ways of preparing a variety of dishes from quiches and quenelles to steak and hard-boiled eggs. He goes on to discuss the physiology of flavor and explores how the brain perceives tastes, how chewing affects food, and how the tongue reacts to various stimuli. Examining the molecular properties of bread, ham, foie gras, and champagne, the book analyzes what happens as they are baked, cured, cooked, and chilled. Looking to the future, Hervé This imagines new cooking methods and proposes novel dishes. A chocolate mousse without eggs? A flourless chocolate cake baked in the microwave? Molecular Gastronomy explains how to make them. This also shows us how to cook perfect French fries, why a soufflé rises and falls, how long to cool champagne, when to season a steak, the right way to cook pasta, how the shape of a wine glass affects the taste of wine, why chocolate turns white, and how salt modifies tastes.
Molecular Gastronomy: Exploring the Science of Flavor (Arts and Traditions of the Table Perspectives on Culinary History)
by Hervé This&“Taking kitchen science to a whole new (molecular) level, Hervé This is changing the way France---and the world—cooks.&”—Gourmet Bringing the instruments and experimental techniques of the laboratory into the kitchen, Hervé This—international celebrity and founder of molecular gastronomy—uses recent research in the chemistry, physics, and biology of food to challenge traditional ideas about cooking and eating. What he discovers will entertain, instruct, and intrigue cooks, gourmets, and scientists alike.Molecular Gastronomy is filled with practical tips, provocative suggestions, and penetrating insights. This begins by reexamining and debunking a variety of time-honored rules and dictums about cooking and presents new and improved ways of preparing a variety of dishes from quiches and quenelles to steak and hard-boiled eggs. Looking to the future, This imagines new cooking methods and proposes novel dishes. A chocolate mousse without eggs? A flourless chocolate cake baked in the microwave? Molecular Gastronomy explains how to make them. This also shows us how to cook perfect French fries, why a soufflé rises and falls, how long to cool champagne, when to season a steak, the right way to cook pasta, how the shape of a wine glass affects the taste of wine, why chocolate turns white, and how salt modifies tastes. &“A captivating little book.&”—Economist &“This book, praiseworthy for its scientific rigor, will hold a special appeal for anyone who relishes the debunking of culinary myths.&”—Saveur &“Will broaden the way you think about food.&”—The New York Sun &“A wonderful book . . . it will appeal to anyone with an interest in the science of cooking.&”—O Chef
Molecular Host Plant Resistance to Pests (Books In Soils, Plants, And Environment Ser. #Vol. 96)
by S. Sadasivam B. ThayumanavanMolecular Host Plant Resistance to Pests examines environmentally safe and integrated techniques for effective pest management. Offering more than 1500 references for further exploration of the topic, this reference details the bioactivity, biosynthetic pathways, mechanisms of action, and genetic regulation for improved methods of crop protection a
Molecular Identification of Mosquito Vectors and Their Management
by Tapan Kumar BarikThis book summarizes the recent advancements in identifying the mosquito vectors and discusses various strategies for their control. The book describes various molecular taxonomic methods, including DNA barcoding and single nucleotide polymorphism-based machine learning approach, which are used for the identification of mosquito vectors. It also presents the various mosquito control methods, namely, phytochemicals, Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, nanotechnology, biological control agents, and environmental management strategies. It also highlights the importance of various repellents that are used for protection from different kinds of mosquito vectors. Finally, the book offers a comprehensive yet representative description of challenges associated with mosquito vector-borne diseases. The book is a useful resource for medical entomologists, health workers, and researchers working in mosquito-control and vector-borne diseases.
Molecular Imaging in Nano MRI
by Michael TingThe authors describe a technique that can visualize the atomic structure of molecules, it is necessary, in terms of the image processing, to consider the reconstruction of sparse images. Many works have leveraged the assumption of sparsity in order to achieve an improved performance that would not otherwise be possible. For nano MRI, the assumption of sparsity is given by default since, at the atomic scale, molecules aresparse structures. This work reviews the latest results on molecular imaging for nano MRI. Sparse image reconstruction methods can be categorized as either non-Bayesian or Bayesian. A comparison of the performance and complexity of several such algorithms is given.