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The Nile and Its Masters: Source of Hope and Anger
by Jean KeriselThe Pharoahs were masters of the Nile: they had a detailed understanding of the ways of the river. Modern Egyptians see themselves as heirs to this tradition, and as owners of the Nile waters. In the 1960's, Egypt decided to protect its increasingly-populated Nile valley from the ravages of annual flooding by building a dam. A relatively small dam in the valley of Nubia, in the region of Tushka, would have enabled the excess floodwaters to safely be diverted towards the fossil valley of the pre-Nile. However, it was decided to select a site near Aswan, making it necessary to inundate more than 250km of river valley. Over the years, this strategy has been revealed to have been faulty, and numerous irrigation schemes in upriver countries have progressively reduced the amount of water descending into Egypt. The dire warning of the 14th century oracle appears to be prophetic: "the water of the river in my country will be stopped from reaching yours, which I shall cause to die of thirst..."
Nile River Basin
by Assefa M. MelesseThis book presents results of scientific studies ranging from hydrological modelling to water management and policy issues in the Nile River basin. It examines the physical, hydrometeorological and hydrogeological description of the basin along with analysis in understanding the hydrological processes of the basin under the changing land-use stemming from population pressure and increased natural resources tapping. The book discusses the increased impact of climate change on the river flows, and such issues as water availability and demand, management and policy to offset the imbalance between demand and available resources. This book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, water resources mangers, policy makers as well as graduate and undergraduate students. It is a useful reference text for ecohydrology, arid zone hydrology, hydrology of transboundary rivers and similar courses.
The Nile Waters: Weighed from Space
by Joseph AwangeThis book is useful to those in water resources management and policy formulations, hydrologists, environmentalists, engineers and researchers. Exploiting advanced statistical techniques and the latest state-of-the-art multi-mission satellites, surface models and reanalysis products, this book provides the first comprehensive weighing of the changes in the Nile River Basin’s (NRB: ~ 3,400,000 km2 ) stored waters' compartments, surface, soil moisture and groundwater, and their association to climate variability/change and anthropogenic impacts on the one hand. On the other hand, it argues on the need for equitable use of the NRB’s waters by all 11 countries within its basin, and doing away with obsolete Nile treaties that were signed by Britain, Egypt and Sudan, which prohibit the use of the Nile by 8 upstream countries. With Ethiopia’s construction of Africa’s largest dam (GERD; Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam) along the Blue Nile, which is expected to take several years to fill, the Nile is back on the news. Combined with Uganda’s Nalubaale, Kiira and Bujagali dams on the White Nile, these human-induced impacts (i.e., damming), coupled with those of climate variability/change, are expected to exacerbate tension with the low stream countries (Egypt and Sudan) fearing the cut in theNile’s total volume. Furthermore, the Nile river, arguably the world’s longest river (6800 km), impacts on the livelihood of over 300 million people of 11 countries within its basin. This population is expected to double in the next twenty-five years, thereby putting extreme pressure on its water resources. An in-depth analysis of changes in the Nile’s stored waters, therefore, is essential to inform its management and sustainable equitable use. Owing to its sheer size, however, obtaining in-situ data from “boots on the ground” is practically impossible, paving way to the space-based weighing of the Nile River Basin using a suite of high spatio-temporal remotely sensed and reanalysis products, as well as those of hydrological models. “Arguably, the Nile River is the most unique river in the world. It spans extremes of rainfall from being measured by meters to being measured by centimeters, from the humid tropics to the driest of deserts. Yet, thirsty people live throughout this basin and therefore the demands on its water resources are uneven. Knowing the water amounts throughout the entire Nile Basin is a critical step for governments and international treaties to avoid the “Tragedy of the Commons”. Africa can embrace this future through the leadership of Prof. Awange and others like him who have devoted their careers to Africa’s waters” —Doug Alsdorf, Ph.D., Professor of Geophysics at the Ohio State University (USA).
A NIME Reader: Fifteen Years of New Interfaces for Musical Expression (Current Research in Systematic Musicology #3)
by Michael J. Lyons Alexander Refsum JenseniusWhat is a musical instrument? What are the musical instruments of the future? This anthology presents thirty papers selected from the fifteen year long history of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME). NIME is a leading music technology conference, and an important venue for researchers and artists to present and discuss their explorations of musical instruments and technologies. Each of the papers is followed by commentaries written by the original authors and by leading experts. The volume covers important developments in the field, including the earliest reports of instruments like the reacTable, Overtone Violin, Pebblebox, and Plank. There are also numerous papers presenting new development platforms and technologies, as well as critical reflections, theoretical analyses and artistic experiences. The anthology is intended for newcomers who want to get an overview of recent advances in music technology. The historical traces, meta-discussions and reflections will also be of interest for longtime NIME participants. The book thus serves both as a survey of influential past work and as a starting point for new and exciting future developments.
Nine for Nine: The Pennsylvania Mine Rescue Miracle
by Andrew MortonOn the afternoon of Wednesday, 24 July 2002, two shifts of miners eighteen men in all entered the Black Wolf Coal Company’s Quecreek No. 1 Mine, a few miles north-west of the town of Somerset, Pennsylvania. Some seven hours later, nine men were trapped by rapidly rising water in a cavern more than 200 feet below ground, and the nine others, drenched and exhausted, had managed to struggle out to safety. This is the story of a disaster that so nearly claimed those nine lives, and of the brilliant and heroic efforts of the rescuers who, three days later, finally managed to bring the trapped miners safely back to the surface. It is, too, the account of an unfolding drama, as first Pennsylvania, then all America, and finally the world, watched and hoped as the rescue was played out in the full glare of the media.
Nineteen Reservoirs: On Their Creation And The Promise Of Water For New York City
by Lucy SanteWithout the nineteen upstate reservoirs that supply its water, New York City as we know it would not exist today. “[Sante] is an endlessly curious writer with a sharp wit and an elegant prose style . . . As a physical object, the book is a stunner, loaded with maps, archival stills of the construction process, vintage postcards, and ads warning New Yorkers to check their plumbing and ‘stop that leak!’”—The Wall Street Journal From 1907 to 1967, a network of reservoirs and aqueducts was built across more than one million acres in upstate New York, including Greene, Delaware, Sullivan, and Ulster Counties. This feat of engineering served to meet New York City’s ever-increasing need for water, sustaining its inhabitants and cementing it as a center of industry. West of the Hudson, it meant that twenty-six villages, with their farms, forest lands, orchards, and quarries, were bought for a fraction of their value, demolished, and submerged, profoundly altering ecosystems in ways we will never fully appreciate. This paradox of victory and loss is at the heart of Nineteen Reservoirs, Lucy Sante’s meticulous account of how New York City secured its seemingly limitless fresh water supply, and why it cannot be taken for granted. In inimitable form, Sante plumbs the historical record to surface forgotten archives and images, bringing lost places back to life on the page. Her immaculately calibrated sensitivity honors both perspectives on New York City’s reservoir system and helps us understand the full import of its creation. An essential history of the New York City region that will reverberate far beyond it, Nineteen Reservoirs examines universal divisions in our resources and priorities—between urban and rural, rich and poor, human needs and animal habitats. This is an unmissable account of triumph, tragedy, and unintended consequences. With 29 present-day photographs by Tim Davis
Ninja Innovation: The Ten Killer Strategies of the World's Most Successful Businesses
by Gary ShapiroInnovate or die For thirty years, Gary Shapiro has observed the world's most innovative businesses from his front-row seat as leader of the Consumer Electronics Association. Now he reveals the ten secrets of "ninja innovators" like Apple, Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and many others. What does it take to succeed? Discipline. Mission-oriented strategy. Adaptability. Decisiveness. And a will for victory. In short, today's most successful businesses are "ninja innovators. " Drawn from Gary Shapiro's three decades of experience leading the consumer electronics industry,Ninja Innovationtakes readers behind the scenes of today's top enterprises, uncovering their ten essential strategies for success. As head of the Consumer Electronics Association and its influential annual trade show, the International CES, Shapiro has worked with the most innovative companies in history—Intel, IBM, and Samsung, to name a few—focusing on creating policies and events that produce revolutionary products year after year. He has learned the key strategies that have guided these businesses to record-breaking profits, as well as the traps that have led so many others to crushing failure. In order to stay in front of the pace of innovation, Shapiro observes, top companies mustoperate as an elite strike force—just like the legendary medieval warriors known as ninjas. Ninjas weren't called upon to do the ordinary; they had to perform truly extraordinary tasks, while risking everything. As a highly trained martial-arts black belt himself, Shapiro mines the valuable insights of these centuries-old warriors to spotlight the secrets of agility, creativity, decisiveness, and reinvention that are essential for twenty-first-century leaders seeking breakthrough success. Taking readers inside the most cutting-edge businesses,Ninja Innovationis the ultimate guide to achieving victory in today's innovate-or-die economy.
Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems
by Gary Was Peter Ford Steve BruemmerThis collection presents an exchange of ideas among scientists and engineers about the economic and safety concerns surrounding environmentally induced materials problems which lead to nuclear power plant outages. Scientists and engineers concerned with the environmental degradation processes (corrosion, mechanical, and radiation effects) present their latest results on such topics as life extension/relicensing and materials problems associated with spent fuel storage and radioactive waste disposal. This collection will be of interest to utility engineers, reactor vendor engineers, plant architect engineers, researchers concerned with materials degradation, and consultants involved in design, construction, and operation of water reactors.
The Ninth Metal: The Comet Cycle Book 1 (The Comet Cycle #1)
by Benjamin Percy'Great characters, fine writing, totally engrossing' STEPHEN KING It might have been the end of days. Instead it was the beginning of something shockingly new. They called the comet Cain, after the astronomer who discovered it. It passed 500,000 miles from Earth. We were spared planetary destruction and granted a light show like no other. But, one year later, Earth span into the debris field left by the comet and a meteor storm struck. Roads, buildings and even a small town were annihilated.The meteors impacted heavily around the dying mining town of Northfall, Minnesota. It was the night of a mysterious double murder, the deed overshadowed by the discovery that the burning remains of the rock contained an unknown substance more precious than gold: the Ninth Metal. And with that discovery, everything changed.Benjamin Percy is an award-winning novelist, celebrated comic books writer and author of the Wolverine podcast. The Ninth Metal is the first of a cycle of novels set in a shared universe.Praise for The Ninth Metal:'Whether you choose to think of him as the Elmore Leonard of rural Minnesota or the Stephen King of Science Fiction, Percy - with his extraordinary and unrelenting eye - dishes up humanity like some kind of otherworldly blue plate special, at once deeply familiar and wildly new' Margaret Stohl, No. 1 New York Times Bestselling Author'Take one part dystopia, one part sci-fi, two parts apocalypse, then ride them roughshod through a bleak and bloody western, and it still wouldn't get close to what Ben Percy does here, which is blow open the core of humanity's dark heart' Marlon James, Booker Prize winning author of Black Leopard, Red Wolf'The Ninth Metal continues his streak of thrilling, incisive genre bending goodness. It's a sci-fi novel, a crime novel and a super-hero novel, too. Audacious and intelligent and exactly what I was dying to read' Victor LaValle, author of The Changeling
The Ninth Metal: The Comet Cycle Book 1 (The Comet Cycle #1)
by Benjamin PercyFrom award-winning author Benjamin Percy comes an explosive, breakout speculative thriller in which a powerful new metal arrives on Earth in the wake of a meteor shower, triggering a massive new 'gold rush' in the Midwest and turning life as we know it on its head. The first of a cycle of novels set in a shared universe. It might have been the end of days. Instead it was the beginning of something shockingly new. They called the comet Cain, after the astronomer who discovered it. It passed 500,000 miles from Earth. We were spared planetary destruction and granted a light show like no other. But, one year later, Earth span into the debris field left by the comet and a meteor storm struck. Roads, buildings and even a small town were annihilated.The meteors impacted heavily around the dying mining town of Northfall, Minnesota. It was the night of a mysterious double murder, the deed overshadowed by the discovery that the burning remains of the rock contained an unknown substance more precious than gold: the Ninth Metal. And with that discovery, everything changed.Benjamin Percy is an award-winning novelist, celebrated comic books writer and author of the Wolverine podcast. The Ninth Metal is the first of a cycle of novels set in a shared universe. (P) 2021 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Nitrate, Agriculture and the Environment
by T. M. AddiscottAddiscott (Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK) and colleagues review the science and politics of nitrate use in farming and its impact on the environment. The basic soil chemistry, physics, and biology are presented and assessment of nitrate and nitrous oxide as global pollutants in fresh water, coastal waters, and the atmosphere is discussed. Next the relationship between nitrate and health is examined. Also include are chapters on the politics and economics of nitrate and public attitudes regarding nitrate. In a chapter on agriculture in Africa, Addiscott argues that Western "political correctness" has prevented the use of adequate use of nitrate. Distributed in the US by Oxford U. Press. Annotation ©2005 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (book news. com)
Nitrate Handbook: Environmental, Agricultural, and Health Effects (Advances in Trace Elements in the Environment)
by Christos TsadilasNitrate Handbook: Environmental, Agricultural, and Health Effects provides an overview of the entire nitrate cycle and the processes influencing nitrate transformation. It clearly identifies the role of nitrate as an essential nutrient in plant growth, food preservation, and human health. Using the most up-to-date knowledge and research, this handbook illustrates how the steadily increasing human population and demand for food, which results in higher amounts of nitrate needed by soils, makes new regulations on the management and usage of nitrates a high priority. A detailed explanation concerning the discrepancies between the public’s perception of nitrate’s harm versus the reality of its human health benefits is given via a balanced and evidence-based approach. All questions pertaining to the influences of nitrate and its derivatives on plant physiology and human health are explored in depth. This comprehensive resource with contributions from distinguished researches in the field is a must-have for professionals and students who study and work with nitrates. Features: Includes in depth discussion on the wide spectrum of nitrate present in the environment. Focuses on the progress made on nitrate research and its importance. Answers all questions about nitrate and its derivatives’ influences on plant physiology and human health. Enables decision makers and public authorities to manage social concerns Compiles in one resource the findings of many distinguished researchers in the field.
Nitrates in Groundwater
by Larry W. CanterThis time-saving book provides extensive coverage of all important aspects of nitrates in groundwater, ranging from prevention to problem assessment to remediation. It begins by highlighting the nitrogen cycle and related health concerns, providing both background information and a unique perspective on health issues. It then analyzes subsurface pr
Nitride Semiconductor Devices
by Hadis MorkoçThis book gives a clear presentation of the necessary basics of semiconductor and device physics and engineering. It introduces readers to fundamental issues that will enable them to follow the latest technological research. It also covers important applications, including LED and lighting, semiconductor lasers, high power switching devices, and detectors. This balanced and up-to-date treatment makes the text an essential educational tool for both advanced students and professionals in the electronics industry.
Nitride Semiconductor Technology: Power Electronics and Optoelectronic Devices
by Fabrizio RoccaforteGroundbreaking book that combines information on power electronics and optoelectronic applications of nitride semiconductors With contributions from a panel of international experts, Nitride Semiconductor Technology: Power Electronics and Optoelectronic Devices offers a state-of-the-art review of GaN-based technologies that covers the fields of both power electronics and optoelectronic devices. The authors present detailed explanations of the physical properties of materials and their growth methods. They also include information on GaN-based technology applications in high electron mobility transistors, vertical power devices, LEDs, laser diodes, and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. Nitride Semiconductor Technology contains an in-depth examination of reliability issues with the materials and offers advice on integrating them with 2D materials for novel high-frequency and high-power devices. The book also contains a review of the most recent advances in the field. This important book: Presents an in-depth overview of properties, growth techniques, and applicability of nitride semiconductors Offers a one-stop resource that covers nitride semiconductor technology from materials to devices Reviews a widerange of nitride semiconductor applications in high-power and high-frequency devices Written for materials scientists, semiconductor physicists, semiconductor industry professionals, electrical engineers, and electrotechnical industry professionals, Nitride Semiconductor Technology: Power Electronics and Optoelectronic Devices combines the most recent information on power electronics and optoelectronic applications of nitride semiconductors.
Nitride Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Material and Electronic Devices
by Yue Hao Jin Feng Zhang Jin Cheng ZhangThis book systematically introduces physical characteristics and implementations of III-nitride wide bandgap semiconductor materials and electronic devices, with an emphasis on high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The properties of nitride semiconductors make the material very suitable for electronic devices used in microwave power amplification, high-voltage switches, and high-speed digital integrated circuits.
The Nitrile Imine 1,3-Dipole: Properties, Reactivity and Applications (Springerbriefs In Molecular Science Ser.)
by Craig Jamieson Keith LivingstoneThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the nitrilimine 1,3-dipole, from its initial discovery in 1959 to the most recent publications. Covering topics such as the core properties of the dipole and the various methods of synthesis available, it particularly highlights the diverse reactivity profile of the nitrilimine and its numerous applications in bioorthogonal and materials chemistry. The book is of interest to academic and industrial researchers working in this area and to those new to the field.
Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease
by Joseph Loscalzo Nathan BryanNitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease delivers a comprehensive review of nitrite and nitrate biology, from basic biochemistry to the complex physiology and metabolism of these two naturally occurring molecules in the human body. Well-organized and well referenced chapters cover the rich history of nitrite and nitrate, sources of exposure, and the physiological effects when consumed through foods containing nitrite and nitrate. The chapters are written by leading experts, all of whom share their research and perspectives in order to help define the context for benefits vs. any potential risks associated with nitrite and nitrate use, either through dietary ingestion or therapeutic dosing. This diverse collection of authors includes vascular biologists, physiologists, physicians, epidemiologists, cancer biologists, registered dieticians, chemists, and public health experts from five countries in both academia and government. Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease provides a balanced view of nitric oxide biochemistry, and nitrite and nitrate biochemistry in physiology and in the food sciences.
Nitroazoles: Synthesis, Structure and Applications
by Lyudmila Larina Valentin LopyrevThe monograph gives an exhaustive and systematic description of the methods of synthesis, application, structure and properties of nitroazoles perspective medicines, universal bases in peptide nucleic acids, agrochemicals, and components of high-energy materials. All five-membered nitroderivatives of azoles - pyrazoles, imidazoles, triazoles, tetrazoles, oxazoles, isoxazoles, oxadiazoles, thiazoles, isothiazoles, thiadiazoles, and their benzanalogs - indazoles, benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles, benzisoxazoles, benzoxadiazoles, benzothiazoles, benzoisothiazoles, benzothiadiazoles, benzotriazoles are discussed in the book. Special attention is paid to the nitroimidazole derivatives many of which are well-known drugs and hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (azomycine, metronidazole, misonidazole, tinidazole, dimetridazole, ipronidazole, carnidazole and etc). The critical evaluation of a large body of the information on nitroazoles investigations by physicochemical methods (NMR, NQR, ESR, UV, IR- specrtoscopy, X-ray, mass-spectrometry, polarography, dipole moments and others methods) is presented here.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition of Cattle: Reducing the Environmental Impact of Cattle Operations
by Ernst Pfeffer Alexander N. HristovThis book describes the latest knowledge in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of cattle including requirements, ruminal and total tract metabolism, possibilities of increasing the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and reducing nitrogen and phosphorus excretions from dairy and beef operations.
Nitrogen Capture: The Growth Of An International Industry (1900-1940)
by Anthony S. TravisThis monograph provides an account of how the synthetic nitrogen industry became the forerunner of the 20th-century chemical industry in Europe, the United States and Asia. Based on an earlier SpringerBrief by the same author, which focused on the period of World War I, it expands considerably on the international aspects of the development of the synthetic nitrogen industry in the decade and a half following the war, including the new technologies that rivalled the Haber-Bosch ammonia process. Travis describes the tremendous global impact of fixed nitrogen (as calcium cyanamide and ammonia), including the perceived strategic need for nitrogen (mainly for munitions), and, increasingly, its role in increasing crop yields, including in Italy under Mussolini, and in the Soviet Union under Stalin. The author also reviews the situation in Imperial Japan, including the earliest adoption of the Italian Casale ammonia process, from 1923, and the role of fixed nitrogen in the industrialization of colonial Korea from the late 1920s. Chemists, historians of science and technology, and those interested in world fertilizer production and the development of chemical industry during the first four decades of the twentieth century will find this book of considerable value.
Nitrogen Cycle: Ecology, Biotechnological Applications and Environmental Impacts
by Jesus Gonzalez-LopezAnthropogenic activity has clearly altered the N cycle contributing (among other factors) to climate change. This book aims to provide new biotechnological approach representing innovative strategies to solve specific problems related to the imbalance originating in the N cycle. Aspects such as new conceptions in agriculture, wastewater treatment, and greenhouse gas emissions are discussed in this book with a multidisciplinary vision. A team of international authors with wide experience have contributed up-to-date reviews, highlighting scientific principles and their environmental importance and integrating different biotechnological processes in environmental technology.
Nitrogen Fixation
by Yoshiaki NishibayashiThis volume presents a review of recent developments in nitrogen fixation using transition metal-dinitrogen complexes in the last decade. The authors are international experts in the corresponding field and each chapter discusses their latest achievements in the preparation of various transition metal-dinitrogen complexes and their reactivity. This volume will be helpful to researchers, teachers, and students who are interested in innovative and sustainable chemistry.
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria: Sustainable Growth of Non-legumes (Microorganisms for Sustainability #36)
by Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari Rajendra Dobhal Shrivardhan DheemanThis book covers aspects of biological nitrogen fixation along with the unique signaling and interaction between the diazotrophic bacteria and plants, especially the non-legumes. Nitrogen is the most important growth-limiting nutrient in the ecosystems and biological nitrogen fixation involving microbial symbionts, mainly rhizobia and legumes holds enormous interest across the globe. However, free-living rhizobacteria of non-legumes especially cereals, also establish themselves within the root system, fixing nitrogen and contributing to plant productivity, soil fertility, and agricultural sustainability. These non-symbiotic nitrogen fixers additionally exhibit various plant growth-promoting traits elevating productivity, fortifying nutrient content, and managing water stress in plants. The recent perspectives highlighting the mechanisms and background of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation provide answers to unravel the potential of nitrogenase and various spectra of habitats of rhizobia and other diazotrophic bacteria. Further, the application of genetic engineering and the development of nitrogen-fixing cereals can provide a possible solution to the problem of food shortage. The book includes various scientific inputs providing comprehensive knowledge about the emergence of agricultural sustainability through nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The book illustrates the systematic mechanisms involved in biological nitrogen fixation through various illustrations, schematic drawings, and flow charts aiding in better understanding. The chapters elaborate on the physiology and metabolism of plant-bacteria interaction in different crops under diverse environmental conditions. Thus, the volume will provide a holistic scenario helping in advancing the novel plant-microbe interactions, cell-signaling, and plant-molecular interactions. The book will assist the agronomists, microbiologists, ecologists, plant pathologists, molecular biologists, environmentalists, policymakers, conservationists, and NGOs to develop biofertilizers and bioinoculants using various genera of microbes and contribute to the targets of sustainable goals in an eco-friendly manner.
Nitrogen in Agricultural Landscape
by Lech Wojciech SzajdakAgriculture transforms the environment. The simplification of agroecosystems structure increases the hazards of leaching, wind and water erosion, and volatilization of chemicals from soil. Soil nitrogen is of interest as a major crop nutrient, but also as a potential environmental pollutant. Knowledge about the behavior of soil nitrogen is desirable in order to optimize plant growth and crop yield and to minimize environmental side effects. This book also gives information about the function of biogeochemical barriers in the form of shelterbelts, which efficiently decrease the concentrations of various forms of nitrogen in ground water.