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Optimization Models and Methods for Equilibrium Traffic Assignment (Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic #15)
by Alexander Krylatov Victor Zakharov Tero TuovinenThis book is focused on the discussion of the traffic assignment problem, the mathematical and practical meaning of variables, functions and basic principles. This work gives information about new approaches, methods and algorithms based on original methodological technique, developed by authors in their publications for the past several years, as well as corresponding prospective implementations. The book may be of interest to a wide range of readers, such as civil engineering students, traffic engineers, developers of traffic assignment algorithms etc. The obtained results here are to be used in both practice and theory. This book is devoted to the traffic assignment problem, formulated in a form of nonlinear optimization program. The most efficient solution algorithms related to the problem are based on its structural features and practical meaning rather than on standard nonlinear optimization techniques or approaches. The authors have carefully considered the meaning of the traffic assignment problem for efficient algorithms development.
Optimization Models in Steganography Using Metaheuristics (Intelligent Systems Reference Library #187)
by Ajith Abraham Anand J. Kulkarni Dipti Kapoor SarmahThis book explores the use of a socio-inspired optimization algorithm (the Cohort Intelligence algorithm), along with Cognitive Computing and a Multi-Random Start Local Search optimization algorithm. One of the most important types of media used for steganography is the JPEG image. Considering four important aspects of steganography techniques – picture quality, high data-hiding capacity, secret text security and computational time – the book provides extensive information on four novel image-based steganography approaches that employ JPEG compression. Academics, scientists and engineers engaged in research, development and application of steganography techniques, optimization and data analytics will find the book’s comprehensive coverage an invaluable resource.
Optimization of Automated Software Testing Using Meta-Heuristic Techniques (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Manju Khari Deepti Bala Mishra Biswaranjan Acharya Ruben Gonzalez CrespoThis book provides awareness of different evolutionary methods used for automatic generation and optimization of test data in the field of software testing. While the book highlights on the foundations of software testing techniques, it also focuses on contemporary topics for research and development. This book covers the automated process of testing in different levels like unit level, integration level, performance level, evaluation of testing strategies, testing in security level, optimizing test cases using various algorithms, and controlling and monitoring the testing process etc. This book aids young researchers in the field of optimization of automated software testing, provides academics with knowledge on the emerging field of AI in software development, and supports universities, research centers, and industries in new projects using AI in software testing.Supports the advancement in the artificial intelligence used in software development;Advances knowledge on artificial intelligence based metaheuristic approach in software testing;Encourages innovation in traditional software testing field using recent artificial intelligence.·
Optimization of Biological Sulphate Reduction to Treat Inorganic Wastewaters: Process Control and Potential Use of Methane as Electron Donor (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Joana CassidyThis work investigated two different approaches to optimize biological sulphate reduction in order to develop a process control strategy to optimize the input of an electron donor and to study how to increase the feasibility of using a cheap carbon source.Feast/famine regimes, applied to design the control strategy, were shown to induce the accumulation of storage compounds in the sulphate reducing biomass. This study showed that delays in the response time and a high control gain can be considered as the most critical factors affecting a sulphide control strategy in bioreactors. The delays are caused by the induction of different metabolic pathways in the anaerobic sludge, including the accumulation of storage products. On this basis, a mathematical model was developed and validated. This can be used to develop optimal control strategies.In order to understand the microbial pathways in the anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulphate reduction (AOM-SR), diverse potential electron donors and acceptors were added to in vitro incubations of an AOM-SR enrichment at high pressure. Acetate was formed in the control group, probably resulting from the reduction of CO2. These results support the hypothesis that acetate may serve as an intermediate in the AOM-SR process.
Optimization of Chemical Processes: A Sustainable Perspective
by José María Ponce-Ortega Rogelio Ochoa-Barragán César Ramírez-MárquezThis textbook introduces readers to a comprehensive framework for the application of deterministic optimization strategies in the field of chemical processes, with a strong emphasis on sustainability.The book establishes a vital connection between fundamental deterministic optimization principles, optimization tools, and real-world application instances, all within the context of environmentally responsible practices. The approach put forth in this book is exceptionally versatile, allowing for the use of many optimization software and deterministic techniques.Contained in the book are many fundamental optimization concepts, encompassing linear programming, nonlinear programming, integer programming, and multi-objective optimization, all tailored to promote sustainable decision-making. Furthermore, the book provides practical examples illustrating the application of these techniques within sustainable chemical processes as tutorials.The textbook also explores the utilization of popular optimization software platforms such as GAMS, MATLAB, and Python, demonstrating how these tools can be leveraged for eco-friendly process optimization. Through this comprehensive framework, readers can not only acquire the skills needed to optimize a wide range of processes but also learn how to do so with sustainability at the forefront of their considerations. This approach streamlines the optimization process, eliminating unnecessary complications along the way and ensuring that environmental and ethical considerations are integral to the decision-making process.
Optimization of Complex Systems: Theory, Models, Algorithms and Applications (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #991)
by Hoai An Le Thi Hoai Minh Le Tao Pham DinhThis book contains 112 papers selected from about 250 submissions to the 6th World Congress on Global Optimization (WCGO 2019) which takes place on July 8–10, 2019 at University of Lorraine, Metz, France. The book covers both theoretical and algorithmic aspects of Nonconvex Optimization, as well as its applications to modeling and solving decision problems in various domains. It is composed of 10 parts, each of them deals with either the theory and/or methods in a branch of optimization such as Continuous optimization, DC Programming and DCA, Discrete optimization & Network optimization, Multiobjective programming, Optimization under uncertainty, or models and optimization methods in a specific application area including Data science, Economics & Finance, Energy & Water management, Engineering systems, Transportation, Logistics, Resource allocation & Production management. The researchers and practitioners working in Nonconvex Optimization and several application areas can find here many inspiring ideas and useful tools & techniques for their works.
Optimization of Energy Supply Systems: Modelling, Programming and Analysis (Lecture Notes in Energy #69)
by Janet NagelThis book describes how a model for optimizing the energy supply system in Germany can be implemented. It focuses on the open energy modeling framework (Oemof) program for modeling energy supply systems. The individual elements of Oemof are described, as well as the model’s structure. The technical components of Oemof are subsequently demonstrated in mathematical calculations, along with sufficient Python code to begin basic modeling. The book will appeal to anyone with an interest in optimization models for energy supply systems, or in the mathematical description of the technical components of such systems in practical implementation, using a real example, Oemof. Thermodynamic descriptions of combustion are provided, so that readers can focus on modeling aspects. Researchers and practitioners will also find the book useful, as it expands on their knowledge of the technical components of energy supply systems, supported with detailed mathematical calculations.
Optimization of Energy Systems
by Ibrahim Dincer Marc A. Rosen Pouria AhmadiAn essential resource for optimizing energy systems to enhance design capability, performance and sustainability Optimization of Energy Systems comprehensively describes the thermodynamic modelling, analysis and optimization of numerous types of energy systems in various applications. It provides a new understanding of the system and the process of defining proper objective functions for determination of the most suitable design parameters for achieving enhanced efficiency, cost effectiveness and sustainability. Beginning with a general summary of thermodynamics, optimization techniques and optimization methods for thermal components, the book goes on to describe how to determine the most appropriate design parameters for more complex energy systems using various optimization methods. The results of each chapter provide potential tools for design, analysis, performance improvement, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Key features: Comprehensive coverage of the modelling, analysis and optimization of many energy systems for a variety of applications. Examples, practical applications and case studies to put theory into practice. Study problems at the end of each chapter that foster critical thinking and skill development. Written in an easy-to-follow style, starting with simple systems and moving to advanced energy systems and their complexities. A unique resource for understanding cutting-edge research in the thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a wide range of energy systems, Optimization of Energy Systems is suitable for graduate and senior undergraduate students, researchers, engineers, practitioners, and scientists in the area of energy systems.
Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations
by Ahmed Alzahabi Mohamed Y. SolimanShale gas and/or oil play identification is subject to many screening processes for characteristics such as porosity, permeability, and brittleness. Evaluating shale gas and/or oil reservoirs and identifying potential sweet spots (portions of the reservoir rock that have high-quality kerogen content and brittle rock) requires taking into consideration multiple rock, reservoir, and geological parameters that govern production. The early determination of sweet spots for well site selection and fracturing in shale reservoirs is a challenge for many operators. With this limitation in mind, Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations develops an approach to improve the industry’s ability to evaluate shale gas and oil plays and is structured to lead the reader from general shale oil and gas characteristics to detailed sweet-spot classifications. The approach uses a new candidate selection and evaluation algorithm and screening criteria based on key geomechanical, petrophysical, and geochemical parameters and indices to obtain results consistent with existing shale plays and gain insights on the best development strategies going forward. The work introduces new criteria that accurately guide the development process in unconventional reservoirs in addition to reducing uncertainty and cost.
Optimization of Industrial Systems
by Dilbagh Panchal Mohit Tyagi Anish Sachdeva Dragan PamucarOPTIMIZATION of INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS Including the latest industrial solution-based practical applications, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date study of the optimization of industrial systems for engineers, scientists, students, and other professionals. In order to deal with societal challenges, novel technologies play an important role. For the advancement of technology, it is essential to share innovative ideas and thoughts on a common platform where researchers across the globe meet together and revitalize their knowledge and skills to tackle the challenges that the world faces. The high complexity of the issues related to societal interdisciplinary research is the key to future revolutions. From research funders to journal editors, policymakers to think tanks, all seem to agree that the future of research lies outside disciplinary boundaries. In such prevailing conditions, various working scenarios, conditions, and strategies need to be optimized. Optimization is a multidisciplinary term, and its essence can be inculcated in any domain of business, research, and other associated working dynamics. Globalization provides all-around development, and this development is impossible without technological contributions. This volume’s mission is at the core of industrial engineering. All the manuscripts appended in this volume were double-blind peer-reviewed by committee members and the review team, promising high-quality research. This book provides deep insights to its readers about the current scenarios and future advancements of industrial engineering.
Optimization of Industrial Unit Processes
by Bela G. LiptakIn Optimization of Industrial Unit Processes, the term "optimization" means the maximizing of productivity and safety while minimizing operating costs. In a fully optimized plant, efficiency and productivity are continuously maximized while levels, temperatures, pressures, or flows float within their allowable limits. This control philosophy differs from earlier approaches - where levels and temperatures were controlled at constant values, and plant productivity was only an accidental, uncontrolled consequence of those controlled variables. With this approach, the sides of a multivariable control envelope are the various constraints while inside the envelope the process is continuously moved to maximize efficiency and productivity. Because one must understand a process before one can control it (let alone optimize it), Optimization of Industrial Unit Processes discusses the "personality" and characteristics of each process in term of its time constants, gains, and other unique features. This book provides information for engineers who design or operate industrial plants and who seek to increase the profitability of their plants. It recognizes that all industrial processes involve operations such as material transportation, heat transfer, and reactions. Therefore each plant consists of a combination of basic unit operations and can be optimized by maximizing the efficiency, and minimizing the operating cost, of the individual unit operations from which it is composed. Optimization of Industrial Unit Processes discusses real world processes - where pipes leak, sensors plug, and pumps cavitate - offering practical solutions to real problems. Each control system described in the book works, illustrating the state of the art in controlling a particular unit operation. This second edition reflects the continual improvement and evolution of control systems as well as anticipates future advances. Bela G. Liptak speaks on Post-Oil Energy Technology on the AT&T Tech Channel.
Optimization of Manufacturing Processes (Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing)
by Kapil Gupta Munish Kumar GuptaThis book provides a detailed understanding of optimization methods as they are implemented in a variety of manufacturing, fabrication and machining processes. It covers the implementation of statistical methods, multi-criteria decision making methods and evolutionary techniques for single and multi-objective optimization to improve quality, productivity, and sustainability in manufacturing. It reports on the theoretical aspects, special features, recent research and latest development in the field. Optimization of Manufacturing Processes is a valuable source of information for researchers and practitioners, as it fills the gap where no dedicated book is available on intelligent manufacturing/modeling and optimization in manufacturing. Readers will develop an understanding of the implementation of statistical and evolutionary techniques for modeling and optimization in manufacturing.
Optimization of Micro Processes in Fine Particle Agglomeration by Pelleting Flocculation
by Benjamin OyegbileEfficient particle separation in order to meet stringent regulatory standards represent one of the biggest challenges facing the process industry operators today. Emerging environmental problems such as climate change, population growth and natural resource depletion make it more compelling to undertake research into alternative phase separation techniques and optimization of existing ones. Meeting this challenge requires innovative, revolutionary and integrated approach in the design and optimization of various unit processes in fine particle separation. Flocculation is widely used as an effective phase separation technique across many process industries such as water and wastewater treatment and in minerals processing. In this work, a new pre-treatment technique was developed using a patented bench scale reactor unit as a technical proof of concept. Furthermore, the book provides a valuable insight into the hydrodynamics and fluid-particle interactions within the agglomeration units. The relatively high solids content of the stable pellets (approximately 30 %) and very low residual turbidity of the post-sedimentation supernatant (7 NTU) clearly demonstrate the potential of this technique. In addition to significantly improving the subsequent solid-liquid separation efficiency, this study also showed that the effluent can be recycled back into the sewer network or utilized for non-portable reuse. The findings obtained from this research will be extremely useful in the scaling up and optimization of the reactor system.
Optimization of Multilayered Radar Absorbing Structures (RAS) using Nature Inspired Algorithm
by Vineetha Joy Vishal G. Padwal Hema Singh Raveendranath U. NairStealth technology is a crucial pre-requisite in the combat zone, where swiftness, surprise and initiative are the decisive elements for survivability. The supreme goal here is to reduce the visibility of military vehicles by shaping, application of radar absorbing materials, passive cancellation, active cancellation etc. With respect to multilayered radar absorbing structures (RAS), this book presents an efficient algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), for the material selection as well as optimization of thickness of multilayered RAS models considering both normal as well as oblique incidence cases. It includes a thorough overview of the theoretical background required for the analysis of multilayered RAS as well as the step-by-step procedure for the implementation of PSO-based algorithm. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the indigenously developed code is also clearly established using relevant validations and case studies. FEATURES Provides step-by-step procedure for the implementation of particle swarm optimization (PSO) based algorithm in the context of multilayered radar absorbing structures (RAS) design Helps to understand the EM design, analysis and optimization of multilayered RAS Describes the theoretical background required for the analysis of multilayered RAS Illustrates in detail the theoretical formulation supported by intuitive ray diagrams and comprehensive flowcharts to implement the algorithm with ease Includes elaborate validations and case studies This book will serve as a valuable resource for students, researchers, scientists, and engineers involved in the electromagnetic design and development of multi-layered radar absorbing structures.
Optimization of Pharmaceutical Processes (Springer Optimization and Its Applications #189)
by Antonios Fytopoulos Rohit Ramachandran Panos M. PardalosOptimization of Pharmaceutical Processes presents contributions from leading authorities in the fields of optimization and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Formulated within structured frameworks, practical examples and applications are given as guidance to apply optimization techniques to most aspects of pharmaceutical processes from design, to lab and pilot scale, and finally to manufacturing. The increasing demand for better quality, higher yield, more efficient-optimized and green pharmaceutical processes, indicates that optimal conditions for production must be applied to achieve simplicity, lower costs and superior yield. The application of such methods in the pharmaceutical industry is not trivial. Quality of the final product is of major importance to human health and the need for deep knowledge of the process parameters and the optimization of the processes are imperative. The volume, which includes new methods as well as review contributions will benefit a wide readership including engineers in pharmaceuticals, chemical, biological, to name just a few.
Optimization of Photovoltaic Power Systems
by Djamila Rekioua Ernest MatagnePhotovoltaic generation is one of the cleanest forms of energy conversion available. One of the advantages offered by solar energy is its potential to provide sustainable electricity in areas not served by the conventional power grid. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems details explicit modelling, control and optimisation of the most popular stand-alone applications such as pumping, power supply, and desalination. Each section is concluded by an example using the MATLAB® and Simulink® packages to help the reader understand and evaluate the performance of different photovoltaic systems. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems provides engineers, graduate and postgraduate students with the means to understand, assess and develop their own photovoltaic systems. As such, it is an essential tool for all those wishing to specialise in stand-alone photovoltaic systems. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems aims to enable all researchers in the field of electrical engineering to thoroughly understand the concepts of photovoltaic systems; find solutions to their problems; and choose the appropriate mathematical model for optimising photovoltaic energy.
Optimization of Power System Operation (Second Edition)
by Jizhong ZhuLearn to apply optimization methods to solve power system operation problems Optimization of Power System Operation applies the latest applications of new technologies to power system operation and analysis, including several new and important content areas that are not covered in existing books: uncertainty analysis in power systems; steady-state security regions; optimal load shedding; and optimal reconfiguration of electric distribution networks. The book covers both traditional and modern technologies, including power flow analysis, steady-state security region analysis, security-constrained economic dispatch, multi-area system economic dispatch, unit commitment, optimal power flow, reactive power (VAR) optimization, optimal load shed, optimal reconfiguration of distribution network, power system uncertainty analysis, power system sensitivity analysis, analytic hierarchical process, neural network, fuzzy set theory, genetic algorithm, evolutionary programming, and particle swarm optimization, among others. Additionally, new topics such as the wheeling model, multi-area wheeling, the total transfer capability computation in multiple areas, reactive power pricing calculation, and others are also addressed. Power system engineers, operators, and planners will benefit from this insightful resource. It is also of great interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in electrical and power engineering.
Optimization of Power System Problems: Methods, Algorithms and MATLAB Codes (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #262)
by Mahmoud Pesaran Hajiabbas Behnam Mohammadi-IvatlooThis book presents integrated optimization methods and algorithms for power system problems along with their codes in MATLAB. Providing a reliable and secure power and energy system is one of the main challenges of the new era. Due to the nonlinear multi-objective nature of these problems, the traditional methods are not suitable approaches for solving large-scale power system operation dilemmas. The integration of optimization algorithms into power systems has been discussed in several textbooks, but this is the first to include the integration methods and the developed codes. As such, it is a useful resource for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and engineers trying to solve power and energy optimization problems using modern technical and intelligent systems based on theory and application case studies. It is expected that readers have a basic mathematical background.
Optimization of Production and Industrial Systems: Select Proceedings of CPIE 2023 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Arvind Bhardwaj Pulak Mohan Pandey Aviral MisraThis book presents the select proceedings of International Conference on Production and Industrial Engineering (CPIE) 2023. It covers the current and latest research methods for the modeling and optimization of production and industrial systems. The chapters in the book include the advanced methods of optimization of manufacturing processes and application of data analytics in industrial problems. The book is useful for researchers and professionals working in manufacturing and production engineering, and other allied fields.
Optimization of Solid Waste Conversion Process and Risk Control of Groundwater Pollution
by Beidou Xi Yonghai Jiang Mingxiao Li Yu Yang Caihong HuangThis book focuses on the treatment anddisposal technology used for solid waste in China, puts forward an optimalmanagement scheme that takes into account the complete lifecycle, andintroduces a new technical model that reflects the synergies of resourceutilization and secondary pollution control. In addition, it provides a set ofmethods for professional on-site investigation, risk assessment, classificationmanagement and control to minimize the risk of groundwater contamination bysolid waste at landfill. Given the extent and depth of knowledge and experiencegathered in the book, it offers an important reference guide for governmentmanagers, environmental researchers, and all those involved in and concernedabout solid waste disposal.
Optimization of Spiking Neural Networks for Radar Applications
by Muhammad ArsalanThis book offers a comprehensive exploration of the transformative role that edge devices play in advancing Internet of Things (IoT) applications. By providing real-time processing, reduced latency, increased efficiency, improved security, and scalability, edge devices are at the forefront of enabling IoT growth and success. As the adoption of AI on the edge continues to surge, the demand for real-time data processing is escalating, driving innovation in AI and fostering the development of cutting-edge applications and use cases. Delving into the intricacies of traditional deep neural network (deepNet) approaches, the book addresses concerns about their energy efficiency during inference, particularly for edge devices. The energy consumption of deepNets, largely attributed to Multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations between layers, is scrutinized. Researchers are actively working on reducing energy consumption through strategies such as tiny networks, pruning approaches, and weight quantization. Additionally, the book sheds light on the challenges posed by the physical size of AI accelerators for edge devices. The central focus of the book is an in-depth examination of SNNs' capabilities in radar data processing, featuring the development of optimized algorithms.
Optimization of Structures and Components
by Pablo Andrés Muñoz-RojasWritten by an international group of active researchers in the field, this volume presents innovative formulations and applied procedures for sensitivity analysis and structural design optimization. Eight chapters discuss subjects ranging from recent developments in the determination and application of topological gradients, to the use of evolutionary algorithms and meta-models to solve practical engineering problems. With such a comprehensive set of contributions, the book is a valuable source of information for graduate students and researchers entering or working in the matter.
Optimization of the Characterization of the Thermal Properties of the Building Envelope: Analysis of the Characterization of the Façades using Artificial Intelligence (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by David Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-BellidoThis book is about the optimization of the characterization of the thermal properties of building envelopes, through experimental tests and the use of artificial intelligence. It analyses periodic and stationary thermal properties using measurement approaches based on the heat flow meter method and the thermometric method. These measurements are then analysed using advanced artificial intelligence algorithms.The book is structured in four parts, beginning with a discussion of the importance of thermal properties in the energy performance of buildings. Secondly, theoretical and experimental methods for characterizing thermal properties are analysed. Then, the methodology is developed, and the characteristics and properties of the algorithms used are explored. Finally, the results obtained with the algorithms are analysed and the most appropriate approaches are determined.This book is of interest to researchers, civil and industrial engineers, energy auditors and architects, by providing a resource which improves energy audit tasks in existing buildings.
Optimization of the Electron Donor Supply to Sulphate Reducing Bioreactors Treating Inorganic Wastewater (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Luis Carlos Reyes-AlvaradoThe main objective of this research was to optimize the electron donor supply in sulphate reducing bioreactors treating sulphate rich wastewater. Two types of electron donor were tested: lactate and slow release electron donors such as carbohydrate based polymers and lignocellulosic biowastes. Biological sulphate reduction was evaluated in different bioreactor configurations: the inverse fluidized bed, sequencing batch and batch reactors. The reactors were tested under steady-state, high-rate and transient-state feeding conditions of electron donor and acceptor, respectively. The results showed that the inverse fluidized bed reactor configuration is robust and resilient to transient and high-rate feeding conditions at a hydraulic retention time as low as 0.125 d. The biological sulphate reduction was limited by the COD:sulphate ratio ( 82% either using carbohydrate based polymers or lignocellulosic bio-wastes, in batch bioreactors. The biological sulphate reduction was limited by the hydrolysis-fermentation rate and by the complexity of the slow release electron donors.
Optimization of the Fuel Cell Renewable Hybrid Power Systems (Green Energy and Technology)
by Nicu BizonThis book offers a comprehensive review of renewable energy sources and optimization strategies in hybrid power systems (HPSs). It analyses the main issues and challenges in the renewable (REW) HPS field, particularly those using fuel cell (FC) systems as their main source of energy. It then offers innovative solutions to these issues, comparing them to solutions currently found in the literature. The book discusses optimization algorithms and energy management strategies. The focus is chiefly on FC net power maximization and fuel economy strategies based on global optimization. The last two chapters discuss energy harvesting from photovoltaic systems and how to mitigate energy variability in REW FC HPS. The main content is supplemented by numerous examples and simulations. Academics, students and practitioners in relevant industrial branches interested in REW HPS finds it of considerable interest, as a reference book or for building their own HPSs based on the examples provided.