- Table View
- List View
Algebraic Quasi—Fractal Logic of Smart Systems: Theory and Practice (Intelligent Systems Reference Library #251)
by Natalia Serdyukova Vladimir SerdyukovThis book is a continuation of the Algebraic Formalization of Smart Systems. Theory and Practice, 2018, and Algebraic Identification of Smart Systems. Theory and Practice, 2021. Algebraic logic refers to the connection between Boolean algebra and classical propositional calculus. This connection was discovered by George Boole and then developed by other mathematicians, such as C. S. Peirce and Ernst Schroeder. This trend culminated in the Lindenbaum-Tarski algebras. Here we try to connect algebraic logic and quasi-fractal technique, based on algebraic formalization of smart systems to get facts about smart systems functioning and connections of their qualitative and quantitative indicators. Basic techniques we used: algebraic quasi-fractal systems, Erdős–Rényi algorithm, a notion of –giant component of an algebraic system, fixed point theorem, purities, i.e., embeddings preserving -property of an algebraic system. The book is aimed for all interested in these issues.
Algebraic Techniques and Their Use in Describing and Processing Uncertainty: To the Memory of Professor Elbert A. Walker (Studies in Computational Intelligence #878)
by Vladik Kreinovich Hung T. NguyenThis book discusses heuristic methods – methods lacking a solid theoretical justification – which are ubiquitous in numerous application areas, and explains techniques that can make heuristic methods more reliable. Focusing on algebraic techniques, i.e., those that use only a few specific features of a situation, it describes various state-of-the-art applications, ranging from fuzzy methods for dealing with imprecision to general optimization methods and quantum-based methods for analyzing economic phenomena. The book also includes recent results from leading researchers, which could (and hopefully will) provide the basis for future applications. As such, it is a valuable resource for mathematicians interested in potential applications of their algebraic results and ideas, as well as for application specialists wanting to discover how algebraic techniques can help in their domains.
Alginate Biomaterial: Drug Delivery Strategies and Biomedical Engineering
by Sougata Jana Subrata JanaThis book focuses on recent trends of research on alginate-based biomaterials in Drug Delivery strategies and biomedical engineering. It contains the widely used alginate-based biomaterials as micro to nano-controlled drug delivery (oral, ocular delivery, topical delivery, etc.) and its fabrication technology, characterization, and biomedical aspects (such as cancer therapy, tissue engineering, gene delivery, vaccine delivery, enzyme immobilization, wound healing, dental applications, etc.) in a single book. The chapters cover updated information, current research trends, informatics, and all aspects of applications. Alginate is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved natural biomaterial and has diverse biomedical applications. In recent years, researchers and scientists are working on the alginate-based drug delivery systems that have been designed and characterized as a matrix, micro to nanocarriers, fibers, composite/scaffolds, etc. Alginate has versatile properties such as biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and easily available. This book especially highlights both the drug delivery strategies and biomedical engineering aspects such as controlled drug delivery, drug targeting to the site of action, cancer therapy, gene and vaccine delivery, enzyme immobilization, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Alginate Fibers and Wound Dressings: Seaweed Derived Natural Therapy
by Yimin QinAlginate Fibers and Wound Dressings Comprehensive resource on the science and research behind alginate fibers, along with their many functional applications in different fields Alginate Fibers and Wound Dressings: Seaweed Derived Natural Therapy offers a general introduction to the sources of alginate and the production methods for alginate fibers and wound dressings, in addition to the novel properties and applications of these functional materials in wound management. Taking into consideration of the latest results of clinical researches conducted around the world, this book summarizes the unique properties of alginate wound dressings, including their ‘gel blocking’ properties and the ability to promote wound healing, facilitate haemostasis, reduce pain, suppress bacteria growth, and lower treatment cost in the treatment of a wide range of wounds, including leg ulcers, burn wounds, pressure sores, surgical wounds, and many other types of wounds with high levels of exudates. Sample topics covered in Alginate Fibers and Wound Dressings include: Why alginate fibers can be used as a carrier to deliver zinc, copper, silver, and other bioactive metal ions How alginate wound dressings can help maintain a physiologically moist microenvironment that promotes healing and the formation of granulation tissue Unique properties of alginate fibers that are highly useful for functional textile materials and medical textile products, such as gel forming properties when in contact with body fluid Other excellent performance characteristics of alginate fibers, such as haemostatic, antimicrobial, skin whitening, and many other unique bioactivities Providing comprehensive coverage of the subject, Alginate Fibers and Wound Dressings is an essential resource for students, researchers, and professionals involved in professions and programs of study that intersect with the subject.
Alginates: Applications in the Biomedical and Food Industries
by Shakeel AhmedAlginate is a hydrophilic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and relatively economical polymer generally found in marine brown algae. The modification in the alginate molecule after polymerization has shown strong potential in biomedical, pharmaceutical and biotechnology applications such as wound dressing, drug delivery, dental treatment, in cell culture and tissue engineering. Besides this, alginates have industrial applications too in the paper and food industries as plasticizers and additives. The few books that have been published on alginates focus more on their biology. This current book focuses on the exploration of alginates and their modification, characterization, derivatives, composites, hydrogels as well as the new and emerging applications.
Alginates: Biology And Applications (Microbiology Monographs #13)
by Bernd H. Rehm"Alginates: Biology and Applications" provides an overview of the state of art of alginate material properties, genetics and the molecular mechanisms underlying alginate biosynthesis as well as applications of tailor-made alginates in medicine, food and biotechnology. Topics treated are: material properties of alginates, alginate production: precursor biosynthesis, polymerization and secretion, bacterial system for alginate uptake and degradation, enzymatic alginate modification, alginate gene regulation, role of alginate in bacterial biofilms, microbial production of alginates: physiology and process aspects, alginate-based blends and nano/microbeads, applications of alginates in food, alginate and its comonomer mannuronic acid: medical relevance as drugs.
Alginates and Their Biomedical Applications (Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering #11)
by Bernd H.A. Rehm M. Fata MoradaliThis book presents a comprehensive review of the latest advances in developing alginate-based biomaterials and derivatives as well as their biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. It covers the physiochemical properties of alginates, production and formulation methods, derivatizations and characterization methods, the fundamental work on optimizing alginate polymers for defined biomedical purposes as well as the scope and effectiveness of their applications in medicine and therapeutic approaches. The book brings together new concepts and advances in harnessing alginate-based biomaterials in combination with applied technological advances to tailor their applications to medical needs. The contributions by leading academics, clinicians and researchers not only cover the fundamentals, but also open new avenues for meeting future challenges in research and clinical applications.
The Algorithm: How AI Decides Who Gets Hired, Monitored, Promoted, and Fired and Why We Need to Fight Back Now
by Hilke SchellmannBased on exclusive information from whistleblowers, internal documents, and real world test results, Emmy‑award winning Wall Street Journal contributor Hilke Schellmann delivers a shocking and illuminating expose on the next civil rights issue of our time: how AI has already taken over the workplace and shapes our future. Hilke Schellmann, is an Emmy‑award winning investigative reporter, Wall Street Journal and Guardian contributor and Journalism Professor at NYU. In The Algorithm, she investigates the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in the world of work. AI is now being used to decide who has access to an education, who gets hired, who gets fired, and who receives a promotion. Drawing on exclusive information from whistleblowers, internal documents and real‑world tests, Schellmann discovers that many of the algorithms making high‑stakes decisions are biased, racist, and do more harm than good. Algorithms are on the brink of dominating our lives and threaten our human future—if we don't fight back. Schellmann takes readers on a journalistic detective story testing algorithms that have secretly analyzed job candidates' facial expressions and tone of voice. She investigates algorithms that scan our online activity including Twitter and LinkedIn to construct personality profiles à la Cambridge Analytica. Her reporting reveals how employers track the location of their employees, the keystrokes they make, access everything on their screens and, during meetings, analyze group discussions to diagnose problems in a team. Even universities are now using predictive analytics for admission offers and financial aid.
Algorithm and Design Complexity
by Anli Sherine Mary Jasmine Geno Peter S. Albert AlexanderComputational complexity is critical in analysis of algorithms and is important to be able to select algorithms for efficiency and solvability. Algorithm and Design Complexity initiates with discussion of algorithm analysis, time-space trade-off, symptotic notations, and so forth. It further includes algorithms that are definite and effective, known as computational procedures. Further topics explored include divide-and-conquer, dynamic programming, and backtracking. Features: Includes complete coverage of basics and design of algorithms Discusses algorithm analysis techniques like divide-and-conquer, dynamic programming, and greedy heuristics Provides time and space complexity tutorials Reviews combinatorial optimization of Knapsack problem Simplifies recurrence relation for time complexity This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in computers science, information technology, and electrical engineering.
Algorithm-Architecture Matching for Signal and Image Processing: Best papers from Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing 2007 & 2008 & 2009 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #73)
by Adam Morawiec Guy Gogniat Dragomir Milojevic Ahmet ErdoganAdvances in signal and image processing together with increasing computing power are bringing mobile technology closer to applications in a variety of domains like automotive, health, telecommunication, multimedia, entertainment and many others. The development of these leading applications, involving a large diversity of algorithms (e.g. signal, image, video, 3D, communication, cryptography) is classically divided into three consecutive steps: a theoretical study of the algorithms, a study of the target architecture, and finally the implementation. Such a linear design flow is reaching its limits due to intense pressure on design cycle and strict performance constraints. The approach, called Algorithm-Architecture Matching, aims to leverage design flows with a simultaneous study of both algorithmic and architectural issues, taking into account multiple design constraints, as well as algorithm and architecture optimizations, that couldn't be achieved otherwise if considered separately. Introducing new design methodologies is mandatory when facing the new emerging applications as for example advanced mobile communication or graphics using sub-micron manufacturing technologies or 3D-Integrated Circuits. This diversity forms a driving force for the future evolutions of embedded system designs methodologies. The main expectations from system designers' point of view are related to methods, tools and architectures supporting application complexity and design cycle reduction. Advanced optimizations are essential to meet design constraints and to enable a wide acceptance of these new technologies. Algorithm-Architecture Matching for Signal and Image Processing presents a collection of selected contributions from both industry and academia, addressing different aspects of Algorithm-Architecture Matching approach ranging from sensors to architectures design. The scope of this book reflects the diversity of potential algorithms, including signal, communication, image, video, 3D-Graphics implemented onto various architectures from FPGA to multiprocessor systems. Several synthesis and resource management techniques leveraging design optimizations are also described and applied to numerous algorithms. Algorithm-Architecture Matching for Signal and Image Processing should be on each designer's and EDA tool developer's shelf, as well as on those with an interest in digital system design optimizations dealing with advanced algorithms.
Algorithm-Driven Truss Topology Optimization for Additive Manufacturing
by Christian ReintjesSince Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques allow the manufacture of complex-shaped structures the combination of lightweight construction, topology optimization, and AM is of significant interest. Besides the established continuum topology optimization methods, less attention is paid to algorithm-driven optimization based on linear optimization, which can also be used for topology optimization of truss-like structures.To overcome this shortcoming, we combined linear optimization, Computer-Aided Design (CAD), numerical shape optimization, and numerical simulation into an algorithm-driven product design process for additively manufactured truss-like structures. With our Ansys SpaceClaim add-in construcTOR, which is capable of obtaining ready-for-machine-interpretation CAD data of truss-like structures out of raw mathematical optimization data, the high performance of (heuristic-based) optimization algorithms implemented in linear programming software is now available to the CAD community.
Algorithm & SoC Design for Automotive Vision Systems: For Smart Safe Driving System
by Jaeseok Kim Hyunchul ShinAn emerging trend in the automobile industry is its convergence with information technology (IT). Indeed, it has been estimated that almost 90% of new automobile technologies involve IT in some form. Smart driving technologies that improve safety as well as green fuel technologies are quite representative of the convergence between IT and automobiles. The smart driving technologies include three key elements: sensing of driving environments, detection of objects and potential hazards and the generation of driving control signals including warning signals. Although radar-based systems are primarily used for sensing the driving environments, the camera has gained importance in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). This book covers system-on-a-chip (SoC) designs--including both algorithms and hardware--related with image sensing and object detection by using the camera for smart driving systems. It introduces a variety of algorithms such as lens correction, super resolution, image enhancement and object detections from the images captured by low-cost vehicle camera. This is followed by implementation issues such as SoC architecture, hardware accelerator, software development environment and reliability techniques for automobile vision systems. This book is aimed for the new and practicing engineers in automotive and chip-design industries to provide some overall guidelines for the development of automotive vision systems. It will also help graduate students understand and get started for the research work in this field.
Algorithmic and Computational Robotics: New Directions 2000 WAFR
by Bruce Randall Donald Kevin M. Lynch Daniela RusAlgorithms that control the computational processes relating sensors and actuators are indispensable for robot navigation and the perception of the world in which they move. Therefore, a deep understanding of how algorithms work to achieve this control is essential for the development of efficient and usable robots in a broad field of applications.
Algorithmic Complexity and Telecommunication Problems
by J-P Barthelmy G. Cohen A LobsteinIn this treatment of algorithmic complexity the authors explore an area fundamental to the study of the foundations of computer science. It is a topic which is at the interface of information theory, applied mathematics and computer language theory and which is rooted strongly in this book in the problems of computer communication.; Complexity theory classifies problems according to the difficulty of resolving them, while algorithms provide the computational method for solving those problems. Therefore, algorithmic complexity is concerned with establishing the best algorithm given the constraints of the computational environment and the degree of complexity.; The first three chapters present the context for a later in-depth look at applied areas of the subject, with an outline of classical complexity theory. This is followed by three chapters which explore the key area of information communication. Within this field, the book is particularly concerned with two contiguous areas which make contrasting demands on the application of algorithmic complexity. Cryptography demands the creation of extremely complex problems in order to achieve its goal of security, whereas in coding for communication the emphasis is on maximizing the compact nature of the message and providing the error correction necessary for the message to achieve optimum speed. The two must co-exist and the methods outlined in "Algorithmic Complexity" suggest a number of approaches to such problems based on extensive examples of the authors' experience.; This senior undergraduate book should be an essential read for those studying advanced topics in theoretical computer science and should provide an introduction to applied complexity for researchers and professionals alike.
Algorithmic Foundation of Multi-Scale Spatial Representation
by Zhilin LiWith the widespread use of GIS, multi-scale representation has become an important issue in the realm of spatial data handling. However, no book to date has systematically tackled the different aspects of this discipline. Emphasizing map generalization, Algorithmic Foundation of Multi-Scale Spatial Representation addresses the mathematical basis of
Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics XI: Selected Contributions of the Eleventh International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics #107)
by H. Levent Akin Nancy M. Amato Volkan Isler A. Frank StappenThis carefully edited volume is the outcome of the eleventh edition of the Workshop on Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (WAFR), which is the premier venue showcasing cutting edge research in algorithmic robotics. The eleventh WAFR, which was held August 3-5, 2014 at Boaziçi University in Istanbul, Turkey continued this tradition. This volume contains extended versions of the 42 papers presented at WAFR. These contributions highlight the cutting edge research in classical robotics problems (e. g. manipulation, motion, path, multi-robot and kinodynamic planning), geometric and topological computation in robotics as well novel applications such as informative path planning, active sensing and surgical planning. This book - rich by topics and authoritative contributors - is a unique reference on the current developments and new directions in the field of algorithmic foundations.
Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics XIII: Proceedings of the 13th Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics #14)
by Marco Morales Lydia Tapia Gildardo Sánchez-Ante Seth HutchinsonThis book gathers the outcomes of the thirteenth Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (WAFR), the premier event for showcasing cutting-edge research on algorithmic robotics. The latest WAFR, held at Universidad Politécnica de Yucatán in Mérida, México on December 9–11, 2018, continued this tradition. This book contains fifty-four papers presented at WAFR, which highlight the latest research on fundamental algorithmic robotics (e.g., planning, learning, navigation, control, manipulation, optimality, completeness, and complexity) demonstrated through several applications involving multi-robot systems, perception, and contact manipulation. Addressing a diverse range of topics in papers prepared by expert contributors, the book reflects the state of the art and outlines future directions in the field of algorithmic robotics.
Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics XIV: Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics #17)
by Steven M. LaValle Ming Lin Timo Ojala Dylan Shell Jingjin YuThis proceedings book helps bring insights from this array of technical sub-topics together, as advanced robot algorithms draw on the combined expertise of many fields—including control theory, computational geometry and topology, geometrical and physical modeling, reasoning under uncertainty, probabilistic algorithms, game theory, and theoretical computer science. Intelligent robots and autonomous systems depend on algorithms that efficiently realize functionalities ranging from perception to decision making, from motion planning to control. The works collected in this SPAR book represent the state of the art in algorithmic robotics. They originate from papers accepted to the 14th International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (WAFR), traditionally a biannual, single-track meeting of leading researchers in the field of robotics. WAFR has always served as a premiere venue for the publication of some of robotics’ most important, fundamental, and lasting algorithmic contributions, ensuring the rapid circulation of new ideas. Though an in-person meeting was planned for June 15–17, 2020, in Oulu, Finland, the event ended up being canceled owing to the infeasibility of international travel during the global COVID-19 crisis.
Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics XV: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics #25)
by Steven M. LaValle Jason M. O’Kane Michael Otte Dorsa Sadigh Pratap TokekarThis book includes significant recent research on robotic algorithms. It has been written by leading experts in the field. The 15th Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (WAFR) was held on June 22–24, 2022, at the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland. Each chapter represents an exciting state-of-the-art development in robotic algorithms that was presented at this 15th incarnation of WAFR. Different chapters combine ideas from a wide variety of fields, spanning and combining planning (for tasks, paths, motion, navigation, coverage, and patrol), computational geometry and topology, control theory, machine learning, formal methods, game theory, information theory, and theoretical computer science. Many of these papers explore new and interesting problems and problem variants that include human–robot interaction, planning and reasoning under uncertainty, dynamic environments, distributed decision making, multi-agent coordination, and heterogeneity.
Algorithmic Game Theory: 12th International Symposium, SAGT 2019, Athens, Greece, September 30 – October 3, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11801)
by Dimitris Fotakis Evangelos MarkakisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory, SAGT 2019, held in Athens, Greece, in September/October 2019. The 25 full papers presented together with 3 invited talks and one abstract paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections named: Algorithmic Mechanism Design; Auctions and Markets; Computational Aspects of Games; Network Games and Congestion Games; Social Choice; and Matchings and Fair Division.
Algorithmic Governance and Governance of Algorithms: Legal and Ethical Challenges (Data Science, Machine Intelligence, and Law #1)
by Marta Cantero Gamito Martin EbersAlgorithms are now widely employed to make decisions that have increasingly far-reaching impacts on individuals and society as a whole (“algorithmic governance”), which could potentially lead to manipulation, biases, censorship, social discrimination, violations of privacy, property rights, and more. This has sparked a global debate on how to regulate AI and robotics (“governance of algorithms”). This book discusses both of these key aspects: the impact of algorithms, and the possibilities for future regulation.
Algorithmic Mechanism Design for Internet of Things Services Market: Design Incentive Mechanisms to Facilitate the Efficiency and Sustainability of IoT Ecosystem
by Yutao Jiao Ping Wang Dusit NiyatoThis book establishes game-theoretical frameworks based on the mechanism design theory and proposes strategy-proof algorithms, to optimally allocate and price the related IoT services, so that the social welfare of IoT ecosystem or the service provider’s revenue can be maximized and the IoT service provision can be sustainable. This book is written by experts based on the recent research results on the interaction between the service providers and users in the IoT system. Since the IoT networks are essentially supported by data, communication, and computing resources, the book focuses on three representative IoT services, including the data analytics services, the cloud/fog computing services for blockchain networks, and the wireless powered data crowdsourcing services. Researchers, scientists, and engineers in the field of resource allocation and service management for future IoT ecosystem can benefit from the book. As such, this book provides valuable insights and practical methods, especially the novel deep learning-based mechanism that can be considered in the emerging IoT technology.
Algorithmic Rights and Protections for Children
by Mizuko Ito, Remy Cross, Karthik Dinakar, and Candice OdgersEssays on the challenges and risks of designing algorithms and platforms for children, with an emphasis on algorithmic justice, learning, and equity.One in three Internet users worldwide is a child, and what children see and experience online is increasingly shaped by algorithms. Though children&’s rights and protections are at the center of debates on digital privacy, safety, and Internet governance, the dominant online platforms have not been constructed with the needs and interests of children in mind. The editors of this volume, Mizuko Ito, Remy Cross, Karthik Dinakar, and Candice Odgers, focus on understanding diverse children&’s evolving relationships with algorithms, digital data, and platforms and offer guidance on how stakeholders can shape these relationships in ways that support children&’s agency and protect them from harm. This book includes essays reporting original research on educational programs in AI relational robots and Scratch programming, on children&’s views on digital privacy and artificial intelligence, and on discourses around educational technologies. Shorter opinion pieces add the perspectives of an instructional designer, a social worker, and parents. The contributing social, behavioral, and computer scientists represent perspectives and contexts that span education, commercial tech platforms, and home settings. They analyze problems and offer solutions that elevate the voices and agency of parents and children. Their essays also build on recent research examining how social media, digital games, and learning technologies reflect and reinforce unequal childhoods.Contributors:Paulo Blikstein, Izidoro Blikstein, Marion Boulicault, Cynthia Breazeal, Michelle Ciccone, Sayamindu Dasgupta, Devin Dillon, Stefania Druga, Jacqueline M. Kory-Westlund, Aviv Y. Landau, Benjamin Mako Hill, Adriana Manago, Siva Mathiyazhagan, Maureen Mauk, Stephanie Nguyen, W. Ian O&’Byrne, Kathleen A. Paciga, Milo Phillips-Brown, Michael Preston, Stephanie M. Reich, Nicholas D. Santer, Allison Stark, Elizabeth Stevens, Kristen Turner, Desmond Upton Patton, Veena Vasudevan, Jason Yip
The Algorithmic Unconscious: How Psychoanalysis Helps in Understanding AI (Antinomies)
by Luca M. PossatiThis book applies the concepts and methods of psychoanalysis to the study of artificial intelligence (AI) and human–AI interaction. It develops a new, more fruitful approach for applying psychoanalysis to AI and machine behavior. It appeals to a broad range of scholars: philosophers working on psychoanalysis, technology, AI ethics, and cognitive sciences, psychoanalysts, psychologists, and computer scientists. The book is divided into four parts. The first part (Chapter 1) analyzes the concept of "machine behavior." The second part (Chapter 2) develops a reinterpretation of some fundamental Freudian and Lacanian concepts through Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The third part (Chapters 3 and 4) focuses on the nature and structure of the algorithmic unconscious. The author claims that the unconscious roots of AI lie in a form of projective identification, i.e., an emotional and imaginative exchange between humans and machines. In the fourth part of the book (Chapter 5), the author advances the thesis that neuropsychoanalysis and the affective neurosciences can provide a new paradigm for research on artificial general intelligence. The Algorithmic Unconscious explores a completely new approach to AI, which can also be defined as a form of "therapy." Analyzing the projective identification processes that take place in groups of professional programmers and designers, as well as the "hidden" features of AI (errors, noise information, biases, etc.), represents an important tool to enable a healthy and positive relationship between humans and AI. Psychoanalysis is used as a critical space for reflection, innovation, and progress.
Algorithms: A Beginner's Guide (The MIT Press Essential Knowledge series)
by Panos LouridasIn the tradition of Real World Algorithms: A Beginner's Guide, Panos Louridas is back to introduce algorithms in an accessible manner, utilizing various examples to explain not just what algorithms are but how they work.Digital technology runs on algorithms, sets of instructions that describe how to do something efficiently. Application areas range from search engines to tournament scheduling, DNA sequencing, and machine learning. Arguing that every educated person today needs to have some understanding of algorithms and what they do, in this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Panos Louridas offers an introduction to algorithms that is accessible to the nonspecialist reader. Louridas explains not just what algorithms are but also how they work, offering a wide range of examples and keeping mathematics to a minimum.