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Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems: 8th International Conference, MESAS 2021, Virtual Event, October 13–14, 2021, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13207)
by Jan Mazal Adriano Fagiolini Petr Vasik Michele Turi Agostino Bruzzone Stefan Pickl Vlastimil Neumann Petr StodolaThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems, MESAS 2021, held as a virtual event due COVID-19, in October 2021.The 30 full papers together with 2 short papers included in the volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: M&S of intelligent systems, R&D and application; and AxS/AI in context of future warfare and security environment and future challenges of Advance M&S Technology.
Modelling and Simulation of Complex Systems for Sustainable Energy Efficiency: Contributions to the First International Workshop on Modelling and Simulation of Complex Systems for Sustainable Energy Efficiency, MOSCOSSEE’2021, February 25-26, 2021 (Applied Condition Monitoring #20)
by Ahmed Hammami Philippus Stephanus Heyns Stephan Schmidt Fakher Chaari Mohamed Slim Abbes Mohamed HaddarThis book provides readers with an overview of recent theories and methods for studying complex mechanical systems used in energy production, such as wind turbines, but not limited to them. The emphasis is put on strategies for increasing energy efficiency, and on recent industrial applications. Topics cover dynamics and vibration, vibroacoustics, engineering design, modelling and simulation, fault diagnostics, signal processing and prognostics. The book is based on peer-review contributions and invited talks presented at the first International Workshop on MOdelling and Simulation of COmplex Systems for Sustainable Energy Efficiency, MOSCOSSEE 2021, held online on February 25-26, 2021, and organized by the LAboratory of Mechanics, Modelling and Production (LA2MP) from University of Sfax, Tunisia and the Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical engineering, Centre of Asset Integrity Management (C-AIM) from University of Pretoria, South Africa. By offering authoritative information on innovative methods and tools for application in renewable energy production, it provides a valuable resource to both academics and professionals, and a bridge to facilitate communication between the two groups.
Modelling and Simulation of Power Electronic Converter Dominated Power Systems in PowerFactory (Power Systems)
by Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt José Luis Rueda TorresThis book provides an overview of power electronic converters for numerical simulations based on DIgSILENT PowerFactory. It covers the working principles, key assumptions and implementation of models of different types of these power systems. The book is divided into three main parts: the first discusses high-voltage direct currents, while the second part examines distribution systems and micro-grids. Lastly, the third addresses the equipment and technologies used in modelling and simulation. Each chapter includes practical examples and exercises, and the accompanying software illustrates essential models, principles and performance using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. Exploring various current topics in the field of modelling power systems, this book will appeal to a variety of readers, ranging from students to practitioners.
Modelling Approaches to Understand Salinity Variations in a Highly Dynamic Tidal River: The Case of the Shatt al-Arab River (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Ali Dinar AbdullahThis book reports the first systematic monitoring and modelling study on water availability, water quality and seawater intrusion of the Shatt al-Arab River (SAR) on the border of Iraq and Iran, where causes and concentration levels of salinity have not yet been fully understood, let alone addressed, leading to conflicting perceptions of its origin (external or internal), the natural conditions and the practices that can explain the current critical conditions. Current scientific knowledge on the SAR salinity problem is deficient, partially due to the complex and dynamic interaction between marine and terrestrial salinity sources, including return flows by water users of the different water sectors in the Euphrates and Tigris rivers upstream of the SAR. The development of a new series of monitoring stations and various modelling approaches helped to better understand the interactions between these different sources. The comprehensive and detailed dataset formed the basis for a validated analytical model that can predict the extent of seawater relative to other salinity sources in an estuary, and for a hydrodynamic model that can predict salinity changes. The adaptability of the models to changing conditions makes them directly applicable by water managers. The procedure can be applied to other comparable systems.
Modelling Atomic Arrangements in Multicomponent Alloys: A Perturbative, First-Principles-Based Approach (Springer Series in Materials Science #346)
by Christopher D. WoodgateThis book provides a comprehensive overview of a computationally efficient approach for modelling the phase behaviour of multicomponent alloys from first principles, describing both short- and long-range atomic ordering tendencies. The study of multicomponent alloy systems, which combine three or more base elements in near-equal ratios, has garnered significant attention in materials science due to the potential for the creation of novel materials with superior properties for a variety of applications. High-entropy alloys, which contain four or more base elements, have emerged as a particularly fascinating subset of these systems, demonstrating extraordinary strength and fracture resistance, among other desirable properties. The book presents a novel modelling approach for studying the phase behaviour of these systems, which is based on a perturbative analysis of the internal energy of the disordered alloy as evaluated within the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) formulation of density functional theory (DFT), using the coherent potential approximation (CPA) to average over chemical disorder. Application of a Landau-type theory to an approximate form of the Gibbs free energy enables direct inference of chemical disorder/order transitions. In addition, the perturbative analysis facilitates extraction of atom-atom effective pair interactions for further atomistic simulations. The connection between the arrangement of atoms in a material and its magnetic properties is also studied. By outlining and applying the proposed modelling techniques to several systems of interest, this book serves as a valuable resource for materials scientists, physicists, and chemists alike, seeking to understand and develop new alloy systems with enhanced materials properties.
Modelling Behaviour
by Mette Ramsgaard Thomsen Martin Tamke Christoph Gengnagel Billie Faircloth Fabian ScheurerThis book reflects and expands on the current trend in the building industry to understand, simulate and ultimately design buildings by taking into consideration the interlinked elements and forces that act on them. This approach overcomes the traditional, exclusive focus on building tasks, while posing new challenges in all areas of the industry from material and structural to the urban scale. Contributions from invited experts, papers and case studies provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the field, as well as perspectives from related disciplines, such as computer science. The chapter authors were invited speakers at the 5th Symposium "Modelling Behaviour", which took place at the CITA in Copenhagen in September 2015.
Modelling Command and Control: Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork (Human Factors in Defence)
by Neville A. Stanton Chris BaberSince its inception, just after the Second World War, Human Factors research has paid special attention to the issues surrounding human control of systems. Command and control environments continue to represent a challenging domain for human factors research. Modelling Command and Control takes a broad view of command and control research, to include C2 (command and control), C3 (command, control and communication), and C4 (command, control, communication and computers) as well as human supervisory control paradigms. The book presents case studies in diverse military applications (for example, land, sea and air) of command and control. The book explores the differences and similarities in the land, sea and air domains; the theoretical and methodological developments, approaches to system and interface design, and the workload and situation awareness issues involved. It places the role of humans as central and distinct from other aspects of the system. Using extensive case study material, Modelling Command and Control demonstrates how the social and technical domains interact, and why each require equal treatment and importance in the future.
Modelling, Computation and Optimization in Information Systems and Management Sciences: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Modelling, Computation and Optimization in Information Systems and Management Sciences - MCO 2021 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #363)
by Hoai An Le Thi Tao Pham Dinh Hoai Minh LeThe proceedings consist of 34 papers which have been submitted to the 4th international conference on Modelling, Computation & Optimization in Information Systems and Management Science (MCO 2021) held on 11-13 December, 2021 at Hanoi, Vietnam. The book is composed of 3 parts: Optimization of complex systems - models and methods, Machine Learning - algorithms and applications, and Cryptography. All chapters in the books discuss theoretical and algorithmic as well as practical issues connected with modelling, computation & optimization in Information Systems and Management Science. Researchers and practitioners in related areas will find a wealth of inspiring ideas and useful tools & techniques for their own work.
Modelling Congenital Heart Disease: Engineering a Patient-specific Therapy
by Gianfranco Butera Silvia Schievano Giovanni Biglino Doff B. McElhinneyThis book combines medicinal and engineering knowledge to present engineering modelling applications (mainly computational, but also experimental) in the context of facilitating a patient-centred approach to treating congenital heart disease (CHD). After introducing the basic concepts of engineering tools, it discusses modelling and the applications of engineering techniques (e.g. computational fluid dynamics, fluid-structure interaction, structural simulations, virtual surgery, advanced image analysis, 3D printing) in specific congenital heart diseases. It also offers a number of clinical case studies describing the applications in real-life clinical practice. The final section focuses on the importance of surgical training, counselling and patient communication. Considering the unique anatomical arrangement pre/post repair in CHD, as well as the different surgical strategy and device options (e.g. stents) for interventions, a patient-specific approach is certainly warranted in this area of medicine, and engineering is helping improve our understanding of individual patients and their particular anatomy and physiology. To reinforce the idea of a necessary dialogue between clinicians and engineers, this book has not only been edited by two cardiologists and two bioengineers, but each chapter has been written by a clinician and an engineer, incorporating both voices in the description of state-of-the-art models for different CHDs.
Modelling Diesel Combustion (Mechanical Engineering Series)
by P. A. Lakshminarayanan Yogesh V. AghavThis book comprehensively discusses diesel combustion phenomena like ignition delay, fuel-air mixing, rate of heat release, and emissions of smoke, particulate and nitric oxide. It enables quantitative evaluation of these important phenomena and parameters. Most importantly, it attempts to model them with constants that are independent of engine types and hence they could be applied by the engineers and researchers for a general engine. This book emphasizes the importance of the spray at the wall in precisely describing the heat release and emissions for most of the engines on and off-road. It gives models for heat release and emissions. Every model is thoroughly validated by detailed experiments using a broad range of engines. The book describes an elegant quasi-one-dimensional model for heat release in diesel engines with single as well as multiple injections. The book describes how the two aspects, namely, fuel injection rate and the diameter of the combustion bowl in the piston, have enabled meeting advanced emission, noise, and performance standards. The book also discusses the topics of computational fluid dynamics encompassing RANS and LES models of turbulence. Given the contents, this book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of vehicle engineering and engine technology. This book will also be a good professional book for practising engineers in the field of combustion engines and automotive engineering.
Modelling Drying Processes
by Xiao Dong Chen Aditya PutrantoThis comprehensive summary of the state of the art and the ideas behind the reaction engineering approach (REA) to drying processes is an ideal resource for researchers, academics and industry practitioners. Starting with the formulation, modelling and applications of the lumped-REA, it goes on to detail the use of the REA to describe local evaporation and condensation, and its coupling with equations of conservation of heat and mass transfer, called the spatial-REA, to model non-equilibrium multiphase drying. Finally, it summarises other established drying models, discussing their features, limitations and comparisons with the REA. Application examples featured throughout help fine-tune the models and implement them for process design and the evaluation of existing drying processes and product quality during drying. Further uses of the principles of REA are demonstrated, including computational fluid dynamics-based modelling, and further expanded to model other simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes.
Modelling Empty Container Repositioning Logistics
by Dong-Ping Song Jingxin DongThe book takes the inventory control perspective to tackle empty container repositioning logistics problems in regional transportation systems by explicitly considering the features such as demand imbalance over space, dynamic operations over time, uncertainty in demand and transport, and container leasing phenomenon. The book has the following unique features. First, it provides a discussion of broad empty equipment logistics including empty freight vehicle redistribution, empty passenger vehicle redistribution, empty bike repositioning, empty container chassis repositioning, and empty container repositioning (ECR) problems. The similarity and unique characteristics of ECR compared to other empty equipment repositioning problems are explained. Second, we adopt the stochastic dynamic programming approach to tackle the ECR problems, which offers an algorithmic strategy to characterize the optimal policy and captures the sequential decision-making phenomenon in anticipation of uncertainties over time and space. Third, we are able to establish closed-form solutions and structural properties of the optimal ECR policies in relatively simple transportation systems. Such properties can then be utilized to construct threshold-type ECR policies for more complicated transportation systems. In fact, the threshold-type ECR policies resemble the well-known (s, S) and (s, Q) policies in inventory control theory. These policies have the advantages of being decentralized, easy to understand, easy to operate, quick response to random events, and minimal on-line computation and communication. Fourth, several sophisticated optimization techniques such as approximate dynamic programming, simulation-based meta-heuristics, stochastic approximation, perturbation analysis, and ordinal optimization methods are introduced to solve the complex stochastic optimization problems. The book will be of interest to researchers and professionals in logistics, transport, supply chain, and operations research.
Modelling for Coastal Hydraulics and Engineering
by K. W. ChauThis volume reviews the state-of-the-art in conventional coastal modelling as well as the increasingly popular integration of various artificial intelligence technologies into coastal modelling. It examines conventional hydrodynamic and water quality modelling techniques, finite difference and finite element methods, novel and genetic algorithms, knowledge-based systems, artificial neural networks, and fuzzy inference systems. The author discusses soft computing methods that contribute to accurate and reliable prediction of coastal processes and describes how combining these techniques and harnessing their benefits has the potential to make extremely powerful modelling tools.
Modelling Human-Flood Interactions: A Coupled Flood-Agent-Institution Modelling Framework for Long-Term Flood Risk Management (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Yared Abayneh AbebeThe negative impacts of floods are attributed to the extent and magnitude of a flood hazard, and the vulnerability and exposure of natural and human elements. In flood risk management (FRM) studies, it is crucial to model the interaction between human and flood subsystems across multiple spatial, temporal and organizational scales. Models should address the heterogeneity that exists within the human subsystem, and incorporate institutions that shape the behaviour of individuals. Hence, the main objectives of the dissertation are to develop a modelling framework and a methodology to build holistic models for FRM, and to assess how coupled human-flood interaction models support FRM policy analysis and decision-making. To achieve the objectives, the study introduces the Coupled fLood-Agent-Institution Modelling framework (CLAIM). CLAIM integrates actors, institutions, the urban environment, hydrologic and hydrodynamic processes and external factors, which affect FRM activities. The framework draws on the complex system perspective and conceptualizes the interaction of floods, humans and their environment as drivers of flood hazard, vulnerability and exposure. The human and flood subsystems are modelled using agent-based models and hydrodynamic models, respectively. The two models are dynamically coupled to understand human-flood interactions and to investigate the effect of institutions on FRM policy analysis.
Modelling Human Motion: From Human Perception to Robot Design
by Nicoletta Noceti Alessandra Sciutti Francesco ReaThe new frontiers of robotics research foresee future scenarios where artificial agents will leave the laboratory to progressively take part in the activities of our daily life. This will require robots to have very sophisticated perceptual and action skills in many intelligence-demanding applications, with particular reference to the ability to seamlessly interact with humans. It will be crucial for the next generation of robots to understand their human partners and at the same time to be intuitively understood by them. In this context, a deep understanding of human motion is essential for robotics applications, where the ability to detect, represent and recognize human dynamics and the capability for generating appropriate movements in response sets the scene for higher-level tasks. This book provides a comprehensive overview of this challenging research field, closing the loop between perception and action, and between human-studies and robotics. The book is organized in three main parts. The first part focuses on human motion perception, with contributions analyzing the neural substrates of human action understanding, how perception is influenced by motor control, and how it develops over time and is exploited in social contexts. The second part considers motion perception from the computational perspective, providing perspectives on cutting-edge solutions available from the Computer Vision and Machine Learning research fields, addressing higher-level perceptual tasks. Finally, the third part takes into account the implications for robotics, with chapters on how motor control is achieved in the latest generation of artificial agents and how such technologies have been exploited to favor human-robot interaction. This book considers the complete human-robot cycle, from an examination of how humans perceive motion and act in the world, to models for motion perception and control in artificial agents. In this respect, the book will provide insights into the perception and action loop in humans and machines, joining together aspects that are often addressed in independent investigations. As a consequence, this book positions itself in a field at the intersection of such different disciplines as Robotics, Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, Psychology, Computer Vision, and Machine Learning. By bridging these different research domains, the book offers a common reference point for researchers interested in human motion for different applications and from different standpoints, spanning Neuroscience, Human Motor Control, Robotics, Human-Robot Interaction, Computer Vision and Machine Learning.Chapter 'The Importance of the Affective Component of Movement in Action Understanding' of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Modelling Hydrology, Hydraulics and Contaminant Transport Systems in Python
by Soumendra Nath Kuiry Dhrubajyoti SenThis book covers theoretical aspects of the physical processes, derivation of the governing equations and their solutions. It focusses on hydraulics, hydrology, and contaminant transport, including implementation of computer codes with practical examples. Python-based computer codes for all the solution approaches are provided for better understanding and easy implementation. The mathematical models are demonstrated through applications and the results are analyzed through data tables, plots, and comparison with analytical and experimental data. The concepts are used to solve practical applications like surface and ground water flow, flood routing, crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling. Combines the area of computational hydraulics, hydrology, and water resources engineering with Python Gives deep description of the basic equations and the numerical solutions of both 1D and 2D problems including the numerical codes Includes step-by-step translation of numerical algorithms in computer codes with focus on learners and practitioners Demonstration of theory, mathematical models through practical applications Analysis of each example through data tables, plots, and correlation with reality This book is aimed at senior undergraduates and graduate students in Civil Engineering, Coastal Engineering, Hydrology, and Water Resources Engineering.
Modelling in Engineering 2020: Applied Mechanics (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #1336)
by Arkadiusz Mężyk Sławomir Kciuk Roman Szewczyk Sławomir DudaThis book includes the outcomes of the 59th Symposium “Modelowanie w Mechanice” (Engineering Modelling in Mechanics) held in Ustroń from 22 February to 26 February 2020. The International Conference has an over 58-year-old history and is organized by the Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of Silesian University of Technology under the patronage of the Polish Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Gliwice Branch.Subjects of the conference are modelling of mechatronic systems, machinery dynamics, control systems, sensitivity analysis and optimization, numerical modelling and experimental methods in mechanics, biomechanics, heat flow analysis, fluid mechanics, etc. The papers are dealing with interdisciplinary problems in which mechanical phenomena are of decisive importance.The potential reader of this book will find their set of papers concentrated on the use of computer-aided design, virtual modelling, numerical simulations, fast prototyping and experimental tests of mechanical systems. It is an area of versatile and interdisciplinary research trends with one of the mainstreams focusing on applied mechanics.
Modelling in Geomechanics: Russian Translations Series 107
by F.P. Glushikhin V.N. Pavlov G.N. Kuznetsov M.F. Shklyarskii M.S. ZlotnikonThis study presents the fundamental principles of the theory of modelling with equivalent materials. Recommendations are given for the computation and development of models as well as planning and conduction of experiments. Experimentation, techniques adopted for measurement of pressure, stress & strain as well as the methods employed for predicting geomechanical processes during mining for minerals.
Modelling in Nanoporous Shale: Gas-water Occurrence and Transport (Advances in Oil and Gas Exploration & Production)
by Liehui Zhang Tao Zhang Yulong ZhaoThis book addresses the problems involved in the modelling and simulation of shale gas reservoirs at pore scale, and details recent advances in the field. It presents the construction of simulation methods, mainly using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), that describe sorption, flow, and transport in nanoporous shale with some case studies. This book highlights the nanoscale effects, ascribed to the large surface-to-volume ratio, on fluids occurrence and transport physics. It discusses some interesting phenomena occurs at nanoporous shale, such as absorbed water film, water condensation, sorption hysteresis, surface excess adsorption, Knudsen diffusion, surface diffusion, structural fluid density, no-slip boundary, etc. The key techniques and methods introduced in this book provide the basis for accurate prediction of gas-well productivity. The basic principles and modeling methods are also relevant to many other nanoporous applications in science and engineering. The book aims to provide a valuable reference resource for researchers and professional scientists and engineers working on shale gas development and nanoporous media research.
Modelling Insect Populations in Agricultural Landscapes (Entomology in Focus #8)
by Rafael A. Moral Wesley A. C. GodoyThis book combines chapters emphasising mathematical, statistical, and computational modelling applied to insect populations, particularly pests or natural enemies in agricultural landscapes. There is a gap between agricultural pest experimentation and ecological theory, which requires a connection to supply models with laboratory, and field estimates and projects receiving inputs and insights from models. In addition, decision-making in entomology with respect to pest management and biological conservation of natural enemies has been supported by results obtained from different computational and mathematical approaches. This book brings contemporary issues related to optimization in spatially structured landscapes, insect movement, stability analysis, game theory, machine learning, computer vision, Bayesian modelling, as well as other frameworks.
Modelling Intelligent Multi-Modal Transit Systems
by Agostino Nuzzolo William H. LamThe growing mobility needs of travellers have led to the development of increasingly complex and integrated multi-modal transit networks. Hence, transport agencies and transit operators are now more urgently required to assist in the challenging task of effectively and efficiently planning, managing, and governing transit networks. A pre-condition for the development of an effective intelligent multi-modal transit system is the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) tools that will support the needs of transit operators and travellers. To achieve this, reliable real-time simulation and short-term forecasting of passenger demand and service network conditions are required to provide both real-time traveller information and successfully synchronise transit service planning and operations control. Modelling Intelligent Multi-Modal Transit Systems introduces the current trends in this newly emerging area. Recent developments in information technology and telematics have enabled a large amount of data to become available, thus further attracting transport researchers to set up new models outside the context of the traditional data-driven approach. The alternative demand-supply interaction or network assignment modelling approach has improved greatly in recent years and has a crucial role to play in this new context.
Modelling Interactions Between Vector-Borne Diseases and Environment Using GIS
by Hassan M. KhormiMaster GIS Applications on Modelling and Mapping the Risks of DiseasesInfections transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, triatomine bugs, sandflies, and black flies cause significant rates of death and disease, especially in developing countries. Why are certain places more susceptible to vector-borne diseases? Modelling Interactions Between Vector-Borne
Modelling of Cohesive-Frictional Materials: Proceedings of Second International Symposium on Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of Cohesive-Frictional Materials (CDM 2004), held in Stuttgart 27-28 Sept. 2004
by P. A. Vermeer W. Ehlers H. J. HerrmannThis progressive volume of lectures, written by leading experts on current developments in the field, is a must-read for engineers in physics, mechanics and engineering applications alike. Focusing on both continuous and discontinuous modelling, this topical symposium raises the issue of cohesive-frictional materials and the importance of understan
Modelling of Concrete Performance: Hydration, Microstructure and Mass Transport
by Rajesh Chaube Toshiharu Kishi Koichi MaekawaProposing a simplified but intergrated scenario of concrete life cycle simulation method, this book examines and explains the vast amount of experimental observations related to hardening concrete using a common set of physical laws.
Modelling of Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in Nanofluids with and without Boiling and Condensation (Mathematical Engineering)
by Andriy A. Avramenko Igor V. ShevchukThis book presents step-by-step description of the use of Lie group analysis to find symmetry forms and similarity solutions for single- and two-phase laminar and turbulent flows of nanofluids. It outlines novel and unique analytical solutions validated via comparisons with experimental data. The main part of the book is devoted to analytical modeling of film condensation of still and moving vapor with nanoparticles, stable film boiling of nanofluids, instantaneous unsteady boiling and condensation of nano- and ordinary fluids and clarification and quantification of instability conditions in the vapor layer, as well as centrifugal and Dean instability in nanofluids. It was demonstrated that such complex phenomena can be successfully simulated using the proposed approaches validated via reliable experiments. The book is intended for scientists, engineers, graduate and undergraduate students specializing in the area of engineering thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer and energy systems.