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Analytic Combinatorics for Multiple Object Tracking
by Roy Streit Robert Blair Angle Murat EfeThe book shows that the analytic combinatorics (AC) method encodes the combinatorial problems of multiple object tracking—without information loss—into the derivatives of a generating function (GF). The book lays out an easy-to-follow path from theory to practice and includes salient AC application examples. Since GFs are not widely utilized amongst the tracking community, the book takes the reader from the basics of the subject to applications of theory starting from the simplest problem of single object tracking, and advancing chapter by chapter to more challenging multi-object tracking problems. Many established tracking filters (e.g., Bayes-Markov, PDA, JPDA, IPDA, JIPDA, CPHD, PHD, multi-Bernoulli, MBM, LMBM, and MHT) are derived in this manner with simplicity, economy, and considerable clarity. The AC method gives significant and fresh insights into the modeling assumptions of these filters and, thereby, also shows the potential utility of various approximation methods that are well established techniques in applied mathematics and physics, but are new to tracking. These unexplored possibilities are reviewed in the final chapter of the book.
Analytic Combustion: With Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics and Mass Transfer
by Anil Waman DateThis book is intended to serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as professionals engaged in application of thermo-fluid science to the study of combustion. The relevant thermo-chemistry and thermo-physical data required for this study are provided in the 6 appendices along with appropriate curve-fit coefficients. To facilitate gradual learning, two chapters are devoted to thermodynamics of pure and gaseous mixture substances, followed by one chapter each on chemical equilibrium and chemical kinetics. This material when coupled with a dedicated chapter on understanding of equations governing transport of momentum, heat and mass in the presence of chemical reactions provides adequate grounding to undertake analysis of practical combustion equipment, of premixed and diffusion flames as well as of solid particle and liquid droplet combustion. The learnings from the aforementioned chapters are taken to a uniquely strong chapter on application case studies, some of which have special relevance for developing countries.
Analytic Curve Frequency-Sweeping Stability Tests for Systems with Commensurate Delays (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Silviu-Iulian Niculescu Xu-Guang Li Arben ÇelaIn this brief the authors establish a new frequency-sweeping framework to solve the complete stability problem for time-delay systems with commensurate delays. The text describes an analytic curve perspective which allows a deeper understanding of spectral properties focusing on the asymptotic behavior of the characteristic roots located on the imaginary axis as well as on properties invariant with respect to the delay parameters. This asymptotic behavior is shown to be related by another novel concept, the dual Puiseux series which helps make frequency-sweeping curves useful in the study of general time-delay systems. The comparison of Puiseux and dual Puiseux series leads to three important results: an explicit function of the number of unstable roots simplifying analysis and design of time-delay systems so that to some degree they may be dealt with as finite-dimensional systems; categorization of all time-delay systems into three types according to their ultimate stability properties; and a simple frequency-sweeping criterion allowing asymptotic behavior analysis of critical imaginary roots for all positive critical delays by observation. Academic researchers and graduate students interested in time-delay systems and practitioners working in a variety of fields - engineering, economics and the life sciences involving transfer of materials, energy or information which are inherently non-instantaneous, will find the results presented here useful in tackling some of the complicated problems posed by delays.
Analytic Hierarchy Process with Fuzzy Sets Extensions: Applications and Discussions (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #428)
by Cengiz Kahraman Selcuk CebiThis book presents a comprehensive guide to Analytic Hierarchy Process with Fuzzy Sets Extensions. Written by prominent researchers, it offers readers a step-by-step approach to decision-making that can be applied to a wide range of real-world problems. With clear explanations and practical examples, this book is an essential resource for researchers, lecturers, and postgraduate students pursuing research on Analytic Hierarchy Process with Fuzzy Sets Extensions. Each chapter in the book provides a wealth of both basic and advanced concepts, including Interval Type-2 Fuzzy AHP, Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP, Hesitant Fuzzy AHP, Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP, Picture Fuzzy AHP, q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy AHP, Spherical Fuzzy AHP, Circular Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP, and Decomposed Fuzzy AHP. To foster a better understanding, all the chapters include relevant numerical examples or case studies, making it easy to apply the concepts in practice. Moreover, the book extends all the main aspects of Analytic Hierarchy Process with Fuzzy Sets Extensions, presenting a dynamic snapshot of the field that is expected to stimulate new directions, ideas, and developments. In summary, this book is an essential reference guide for anyone seeking to gain a deep understanding of Analytic Hierarchy Process with Fuzzy Sets Extensions. It is written in a rigorous and scholarly manner, making it a valuable resource for researchers and academics. Order your copy today and discover the practical insights and strategies for decision-making offered by this authoritative volume.
Analytic Methods in Geomechanics
by Kam-tim ChauA multidisciplinary field, encompassing both geophysics and civil engineering, geomechanics deals with the deformation and failure process in geomaterials such as soil and rock. Although powerful numerical tools have been developed, analytical solutions still play an important role in solving practical problems in this area. Analytic Methods in Geomechanics provides a much-needed text on mathematical theory in geomechanics, beneficial for readers of varied backgrounds entering this field.Written for scientists and engineers who have had some exposure to engineering mathematics and strength of materials, the text covers major topics in tensor analysis, 2-D elasticity, and 3-D elasticity, plasticity, fracture mechanics, and viscoelasticity. It also discusses the use of displacement functions in poroelasticity, the basics of wave propagations, and dynamics that are relevant to the modeling of geomaterials. The book presents both the fundamentals and more advanced content for understanding the latest research results and applying them to practical problems in geomechanics.The author gives concise explanations of each subject area, using a step-by-step process with many worked examples. He strikes a balance between breadth of material and depth of details, and includes recommended reading in each chapter for readers who would like additional technical information. This text is suitable for students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as for professionals and researchers.
Analytic Methods of Sound Field Synthesis (T-Labs Series in Telecommunication Services)
by Jens AhrensThis book puts the focus on serving human listeners in the sound field synthesis although the approach can be also exploited in other applications such as underwater acoustics or ultrasonics. The author derives a fundamental formulation based on standard integral equations and the single-layer potential approach is identified as a useful tool in order to derive a general solution. He also proposes extensions to the single-layer potential approach which allow for a derivation of explicit solutions for circular, planar, and linear distributions of secondary sources. Based on above described formulation it is shown that the two established analytical approaches of Wave Field Synthesis and Near-field Compensated Higher Order Ambisonics constitute specific solutions to the general problem which are covered by the single-layer potential solution and its extensions.
Analytic Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid
by National Academies of Sciences Engineering MedicineElectricity is the lifeblood of modern society, and for the vast majority of people that electricity is obtained from large, interconnected power grids. However, the grid that was developed in the 20th century, and the incremental improvements made since then, including its underlying analytic foundations, is no longer adequate to completely meet the needs of the 21st century. The next-generation electric grid must be more flexible and resilient. While fossil fuels will have their place for decades to come, the grid of the future will need to accommodate a wider mix of more intermittent generating sources such as wind and distributed solar photovoltaics. Achieving this grid of the future will require effort on several fronts. There is a need for continued shorter-term engineering research and development, building on the existing analytic foundations for the grid. But there is also a need for more fundamental research to expand these analytic foundations. Analytic Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid provide guidance on the longer-term critical areas for research in mathematical and computational sciences that is needed for the next-generation grid. It offers recommendations that are designed to help direct future research as the grid evolves and to give the nation’s research and development infrastructure the tools it needs to effectively develop, test, and use this research.
Analytic Solutions for Flows Through Cascades (Springer Theses)
by Peter Jonathan BaddooThis thesis is concerned with flows through cascades, i.e. periodic arrays of obstacles. Such geometries are relevant to a range of physical scenarios, chiefly the aerodynamics and aeroacoustics of turbomachinery flows. Despite the fact that turbomachinery is of paramount importance to a number of industries, many of the underlying mechanisms in cascade flows remain opaque. In order to clarify the function of different physical parameters, the author considers six separate problems. For example, he explores the significance of realistic blade geometries in predicting turbomachinery performance, and the possibility that porous blades can achieve noise reductions. In order to solve these challenging problems, the author deploys and indeed develops techniques from across the spectrum of complex analysis: the Wiener–Hopf method, Riemann–Hilbert problems, and the Schottky–Klein prime function all feature prominently. These sophisticated tools are then used to elucidate the underlying mathematical and physical structures present in cascade flows. The ensuing solutions greatly extend previous works and offer new avenues for future research. The results are not of simply academic value but are also useful for aircraft designers seeking to balance aeroacoustic and aerodynamic effects.
Analytical Affinity Chromatography
by Irwin M. ChaikenThis volume presents discussions of theoretical and experimental considerations that have led to the analytical affinity chromatography field, as well as current efforts to use this methodology to characterize the interaction mechanisms of biological macromolecules and to establish conditions for employing bioaffinity chromatographic systems as preparative tools. The chapters include a comprehensive discussion of interactive chromatography theory (DeLisi and Hethcote), a review of experimental data obtained for biological macromolecules and the relevant theoretical considerations of affinity chromatography which led to them (Swaisgood and Chaiken), an evaluation of rate processes in affinity chromatography and the potential to determine biologically meaningful chemical rate constants (Walters), and the use of quantitative and molecular considerations to design affinity chromatographic systems (Stellwagen and Liu).
Analytical and Approximate Methods for Complex Dynamical Systems (Understanding Complex Systems)
by Alexander TimokhaThis book presents Analytical and Approximate Methods for Complex Dynamical Systems and introduces ideas of discontinuous mapping treated as complex dynamical systems. Mathematicians of world-recognized Ukrainian scientific schools established by M.Krylov, M.Bogolyubov, Yu.Mitropolskiy, and A.Sharkovsky used to cooperate for writing the collective book whose purpose consists of illustrating a synergy of combining diverse (by idea and technique) constructive analytical and approximate approaches and methods in complex dynamical systems which are herein associated with mathematical models of networks, conflict/economic theories, sloshing, soft matter, and even levitating drops. Readers are facilitated to learn contemporary insights, fundamentals (Parts I and III), applications (Part II), and components of theories of bifurcation, synchronization/self-organization, collective dynamics, chaos, solitons, fractional differential equations, symmetry, reduced order modelling, and many others, that makes the book useful for both graduate and postgraduate students, lecturers, researchers, and even engineers dealing with multidimensional dynamic systems.
Analytical and Approximate Methods in Transport Phenomena
by Marcio L. de Souza-SantosOn the job or in the field, when facing a problem with differential equations and boundary conditions, most likely you don't have time to read through several publications in search of a method that may or may not solve your problem. Organized for quick and easy access to practical solutions, Analytical and Approximate Methods in Transport Pheno
Analytical and Experimental Methods in Mechanical and Civil Engineering: Contributions of the 1st Olympiad in Engineering Science (OES 2023) (Structural Integrity #28)
by Dimitrios Pavlou Jose A. F. O. Correia Tiago Fazeres-Ferradosa Ove Tobias Gudmestad Sudath C. Siriwardane Hirpa Lemu Gerhard Ersdal Jayantha P. Liyanage Vidar Hansen Mona Wetrhus Minde Chandima Ratnayake Andreas Delimitis Idriss El-Thalji Nirosha Adasooriya Samindi Samarakoon Tor HemmingsenThis book publishes contributions of the 1st Olympiad in Engineering Science (OES 2023), an international congress and contest aiming to disseminate and evaluate the recent advances in Engineering Science. The book is divided in several parts. In 'Materials Science,' readers delve into nanostructural correlations in thermochromic VO2 thin films for smart windows, as well as microstructural observations of super duplex stainless steel. The 'Marine Technology' part explores riverbed scour, wave reflection, and innovative nature-based solutions for coastal protection. 'Additive Manufacturing and Welding Technology' delves into studies on carbon fiber-reinforced polymers and fatigue properties of 3D-printed specimens. 'Structural Integrity and Structural Health Monitoring' offers insights into offshore pipeline fatigue life prediction and risk-informed decision-making for existing structures. The 'Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation' part encompasses stress monitoring, rail profile measurement, and health-monitoring approaches for debonding diagnosis. 'Dynamics and Vibrations' ventures into investigations on combined viscous and Coulomb damped systems and seismic signal analysis for landslides. 'Materials Engineering' delves into strengthening reinforced concrete members and dynamic properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers. 'Building Materials and Concrete Structures' cover topics like minibar reinforced concrete, impact response of reinforced columns, and residual strength of cement-based composites. 'Electronic Sensors and Intelligent Systems' showcase simulations under high voltage transmission lines, synthesis of BaxSr(1-x)TiO3, and antenna catheter modeling. 'Asset Integrity' discusses analytical and experimental analyses of buckling in aluminum columns and I-beams, lateral-torsional buckling capacity, and modulation of fluid streams. Finally, 'Climate Change and Circular Economy' addresses climate-adaptive design, circular economy integration, and eco-innovative concrete applications with recycled materials. This book provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research and advancements in mechanical and civil engineering, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts in the field.
Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis
by Subodh V. ModakThis book covers the fundamentals and basic concepts of analytical and experimental approaches to modal analysis. In practice, the analytical approach based on lumped parameter and finite element models is widely used for modal analysis and simulation, and experimental modal analysis is widely used for modal identification and model validation. This book is inspired by this consideration and is written to give a complete picture of modal analysis. Features: Presents a systematic development of the relevant concepts and methods of the analytical and experimental modal analyses. Covers phase resonance testing and operational modal analysis. Provides the relevant signal processing concepts. Includes applications like model validation and updating, force identification and structural modification. Contains simulations, examples, and MATLAB® programs to enhance understanding. This book is aimed at senior undergraduates/graduates, researchers, and engineers from mechanical, aerospace, automotive, civil, and structural engineering disciplines.
Analytical and Hybrid Methods in the Theory of Slot-Hole Coupling of Electrodynamic Volumes
by Victor A. Katrich Yuriy M. Penkin Sergey L. BerdnikThis book provides the reader with the possibility of rapid study and application of methods of computer analysis of electrodynamic problems. The authors address the development of analytical methods to solve the problems of diffraction of waveguide electromagnetic waves on slot coupling holes. All the authors have experience in the field and the topics addressed are based on their original research results. The book is written in a laconic style and is visually accessible.
Analytical and Numerical Methods for Nonlinear Fluid Flow Problems in Porous Media
by Wenchao Liu Jun Yao Weiyao ZhuThis book investigates in detail the mathematical methods and computation methods in efficient solution of some open nonlinear seepage flow problems involved in engineering problems. Developed engineering technologies and some relevant practical field applications are also provided. The introduced open nonlinear problems include nonlinear quadratic pressure gradient term problem, compressible gas seepage flow problem and low-velocity non-Darcy seepage flow problem. Studies on these nonlinear seepage flow problems have attracted engineers and scientists from various disciplines, such as geo-energy engineering, civil and environmental engineering, fluid mechanics, applied mathematics and computation. In particular, the book systematically establishes a fundamental theory for a strongly nonlinear problem of low-velocity non-Darcy seepage flow from a new perspective of moving boundary, while emphasizing the usage of mathematical linearization transformation methods and computational methods into the analytical and numerical solution of the strongly nonlinear partial differential equations. Sufficient knowledge of mathematics is always introduced ahead of model solution to assist readers. And the procedure of strict formula deduction in the model solution process is provided in detail. High-solution figures and tables from model solution are rich in the book. Therefore, it is very helpful for the readers to master the nonlinear model solution methods and engineering technologies. The book is intended for upper undergraduate students and graduate students who are interested in engineering technology, fluid mechanics and applied mathematics, researchers and engineers working on geo-energy science and engineering and field applications.
An Analytical Approach to Optical Burst Switched Networks
by C. Siva Murthy T. VenkateshThis book presents the state of the art results on modeling and analysis of OBS networks. It provides researchers with new directions for future research and helps them gain a better understanding of modeling OBS networks. This book classifies all the literature on modeling and analysis of OBS networks and serves as a thought provoking material for the researchers working on the analysis of high-speed networks. The scope of this book however is not limited to OBS networks alone but extends to high-speed communication networks with limited or no buffers.
Analytical Case Studies on Municipal and Biomedical Waste Management: Perspectives on Sustainable Development Goals
by Srijan Goswami Moharana Choudhury Arghya Chakravorty Ankur Rajpal Vimala RaghavanEffective waste management practices are essential to mitigate unfavourable impacts and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This book covers perspectives addressing the Sustainable Development Goals through analytical and case studies on municipal and biomedical waste management. It consists of ten selectively curated highly technical chapters covering various aspects of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals through applying effective waste management strategies and practices through practical case studies and examples.Features: Analysis of over 30 real-life case studies reviewed from local as well as global perspectives Discusses application of technologies in real time Addresses the 17 Sustainable Development Goals at ground level Covers a broad range of case studies on municipal solid waste and biomedical waste treatment and management Reviews the latest evidence-based approach in diagnosis and management This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in environmental engineering and management.
Analytical Characterization of Aluminum, Steel, and Superalloys
by George E. Totten D. Scott MacKenzieAuthored by top researchers, this book discusses methodologies to quantify the properties and microstructures of aluminum, steel, and superalloys. It is a unique reference to advanced laboratory techniques in the context of characterization and property evaluation methodologies, enabling the evolution of stronger and more function-specific compositions. Topics include metallography, an atlas of microstructures, thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, and residual stress measurement, transmission electron microscopy, electron backscattering diffraction spectroscopy, texture measurement, electron momentum spectroscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and atomic probe tomography.
Analytical Chemistry for the Study of Paintings and the Detection of Forgeries (Cultural Heritage Science)
by Maria Perla Colombini Ilaria Degano Austin NevinForgeries present a daunting problem to art historians, museums, galleries and curators who face challenges in determining the authenticity of paintings. Recent progress in science has led to the development of new methods for investigating works of art, and can provide new insights into the materials found in paintings. The rise in the value of paintings together with the knowledge and skills of forgers highlights the need to develop reliable scientific procedures to identify fakes. Given the complexity of materials in paintings and the convergence of various disciplines, a methodological approach for nvestigations of paintings is based on art historical, curatorial, aesthetic, technical and scientific evaluation. In this book sophisticated digital and analytical techniques are reviewed for the identification of materials (pigments, binders, varnishes, adhesives) and the physical characteristics of paintings such as brushstrokes, craquelure and canvas weaves. This book presents an updated overview of both non-invasive and micro-invasive techniques that enable the material characterization of paintings. The materials constituting a painting are reviewed, as are ways that changes in materials over time can provide insights into chronology and physical history. State-of the art digital metods including multi and hyper-spectral imaging and computational approaches to data treatment will be presented. Analytical techniques developed and optimized to characterize binders, varnishes, and pigments are reviewed, focusing on materials which can provide information on ageing or provenance. Case studies of applications of synchrotron-based methods and the analysis of paintings are given, as are chapters devoted to legal aspects related to authenticity. Chapter 1 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Analytical Design of PID Controllers
by Iván D. Díaz-Rodríguez Sangjin Han Shankar P. BhattacharyyaThis monograph presents a new analytical approach to the design of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers for linear time-invariant plants. The authors develop a computer-aided procedure, to synthesize PID controllers that satisfy multiple design specifications. A geometric approach, which can be used to determine such designs methodically using 2- and 3-D computer graphics is the result.The text expands on the computation of the complete stabilizing set previously developed by the authors and presented here. This set is then systematically exploited to achieve multiple design specifications simultaneously. These specifications include classical gain and phase margins, time-delay tolerance, settling time and H-infinity norm bounds. The results are developed for continuous- and discrete-time systems. An extension to multivariable systems is also included.Analytical Design of PID Controllers provides a novel method of designing PID controllers, which makes it ideal for both researchers and professionals working in traditional industries as well as those connected with unmanned aerial vehicles, driverless cars and autonomous robots.
Analytical Estimates of Structural Behavior
by Clive L. Dym Harry E. WilliamsExplicitly reintroducing the idea of modeling to the analysis of structures, Analytical Estimates of Structural Behavior presents an integrated approach to modeling and estimating the behavior of structures. With the increasing reliance on computer-based approaches in structural analysis, it is becoming even more important for structural engineers
Analytical Evaluation of Nonlinear Distortion Effects on Multicarrier Signals
by Theresa Araújo Rui DinisDue to their ability to support reliable high quality of service as well as spectral and power efficiency, multicarrier modulation systems have found increasing use in modern communications services. However, one of the main drawbacks of these systems is their vulnerability to nonlinear distortion effects. Analytical Evaluation of Nonlinear Distort
Analytical Fracture Mechanics (Dover Civil and Mechanical Engineering)
by David J. Unger"Analytical Fracture Mechanics should prove to be a valuable resource to both the new student and the experienced researcher in fracture mechanics. It is recommended." -- Applied Mechanics ReviewOne of the central concerns of engineering is the failure of materials. Addressing this concern, fracture mechanics -- an interdisciplinary subject spanning mechanical, civil, and materials engineering, applied mathematics, and physics -- predicts the conditions under which such failure will occur due to crack growth. This valuable self-contained text by an expert in the field supplements standard fracture mechanics texts by focusing on analytical methods for determining crack-tip stress and strain fields.Following a comprehensive 120-page introduction -- which provides all the background necessary for understanding the remaining chapters -- the book is organized around a series of elastoplastic and hydrogen-assisted crack-tip problems and their solutions. The first chapter presents the only proven solution technique for the second order nonlinear partial differential equation governing a mode I elastoplastic crack problem. Other chapters deal with plastic zone transitions, environmental cracking, and small-scale yielding versus exact linear elastic solutions.One of the excellent features of this book is the clarity with which groups of problems are presented and related to each other. Another is the careful attention it gives to the various modes of fracture (I, II, and III) and to showing the circumstances under which information from a solution for one mode may be used to infer information in another mode. For this edition, the author has added a new appendix, "Stress Across an Elastoplastic Boundary of a Mode I Crack: Parabolic to Hyperbolic Plasticity Transition."
Analytical Framework for Integrated Water Resources Management: IHE monographs 2
by Paul van Hofwegen Frank G.W. JaspersThis monograph provides a framework and guidelines for the assessment of institutional frameworks for integrated water resources management (IWRM). The framework and guidelines were developed to enable expert teams of the Inter-American Development Bank to incorporate capacity-building considerations into water-related projects. The framework and guidelines were tested in four countries with different physical, social and economic environments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Using this framework, it is possible to identify shortcomings in existing water management arrangements and to formulate interventions at and between the constitutional, organizational, and operational levels. To guide the formulation of interventions, an ideal IWRM situation is formulated. Due to the temporal and spatial specificity, a desired IWRM situation is formulated in a process which consists of ten operational steps. This process is based on an extensive consultation and participation of all relevant stakeholders. The fields of interventions concern awareness creation, policy development, legal and financial arrangements, human resources development and management information and decision support systems.
Analytical Groundwater Modeling: Theory and Applications using Python
by Mark Bakker Vincent PostThis book provides a detailed description of how Python can be used to give insight into the flow of groundwater based on analytic solutions. Starting with simple problems to illustrate the basic principles, complexity is added step by step to show how one-dimensional and two-dimensional models of one or two aquifers can be implemented. Steady and transient flow problems are discussed in confined, semi-confined, and unconfined aquifers that may include wells, rivers, and areal recharge. Special consideration is given to coastal aquifers, including the effect of tides and the simulation of interface flow. Application of Python allows for compact and readable code, and quick visualization of the solutions. Python scripts are provided to reproduce all results. The scripts are also available online so that they can be altered to meet site-specific conditions. This book is intended both as training material for the next generation of university students and as a useful resource for practitioners. A primer is included for those who are new to Python or as a refresher for existing users.