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Propulsion and Power: An Exploration of Gas Turbine Performance Modeling
by Robert Hill Joachim Kurzke Ian HalliwellThis book is for students, teachers, and practicing engineers and describes an industrial approach to gas turbine engine simulation, mainly for aircraft propulsion. The principles of performance model creation are covered, and the viability and accuracy of model-based performance analyses are demonstrated by their application to real-world examples, where measured data are scarce. Clear distinctions are made between design and off-design models, the keys to success being the recognition of the importance of scaling and validating compressor and turbine maps. This topic is discussed in more detail than in other sources. New descriptions of turbomachinery basics are offered, and it is shown how velocity diagrams can capture the quality of a compressor or turbine stage and the effects of changes. Non-dimensional performance is explained in an unusual way, without referring to higher mathematics. The influence of inlet flow distortion and heat transfer on engine operability during transient operation is also characterized. This second edition contains new material about engine starting and windmilling, supported by how to extend existing compressor and turbine maps down to speeds as low as 1%. Unique material on map interpretation is included. The design and operation of hybrid propulsion systems are also addressed. Not only a valuable engineering textbook but also a good read!
Propulsion por Antigravitacion
by Jesus M. Gonzalez James Morcan Lance MorcanEste libro de última generación, el cual incluye un prefacio por el experto en sistemas avanzados de propulsión interestelar Grant Hayman y un epílogo por el afamado científico y veterano de la industria espacial Dr. Takaaki Musha, examina uno de los grandes enigmas de todos los tiempos con dosis iguales de mente abierta y escepticismo. Propulsión por antigravedad incluye historias, que nunca antes han sido mencionadas, sobre temas OVNI como el Área 51, Roswell e historias de secuestros alienígenas. También enfrenta temas menos conocidos tales como los experimentos nazis y japoneses sobre la antigravedad e incluso teorías más raras que incluyen física cuántica y antiguas civilizaciones perdidas. ¿Qué revelan todos los avistamientos OVNI alrededor del mundo? ¿Quién está encubriendo la existencia de estas extrañas naves en nuestros cielos? ¿Y esas tecnologías son hechas por el hombre o de origen extraterrestre? Olviden lo que creen que saben y prepárense para ser sorprendidos. Para aquellos que buscan la verdad sobre estas exóticas tecnologías y quieren saber porque están siendo escondidos del público, Propulsión por Antigravedad es un libro que tienen que leer.
Propulsione Antigravità
by Alessandra Lorenzoni James Morcan Lance MorcanIl più grande mistero della nostra epoca viene finalmente sottoposto all’indagine equilibrata e imparziale che merita. Propulsione Antigravità propone un esame di ampia portata del fenomeno UFO e copre tutti gli scenari possibili, senza tralasciare nulla. Nel libro scritto da James Morcan & Lance Morcan, romanzieri, cineasti e ricercatori indipendenti, con una prefazione dell’esperto in sistemi avanzati di propulsione interstellare Grant Hayman e una postfazione dell’emerito scienziato e veterano dell’industria aerospaziale dott. Takaaki Musha, uno dei più inquietanti enigmi di tutti i tempi viene esaminato con apertura mentale e scetticismo in dosi equivalenti. Questo libro include racconti mai sentiti prima su classici degli UFO come Area 51, Roswell e pretesi rapimenti da parte di alieni, e affronta anche temi meno conosciuti come gli esperimenti sull’antigravità effettuati da nazisti e giapponesi nonché le più rare teorie che coinvolgono la fisica dei quanti e antiche civiltà perdute. Cosa ci svelano i tanti avvistamenti di UFO nel mondo? Chi sta nascondendo l’esistenza di strani veicoli nei nostri cieli? E si tratta di tecnologie sviluppate dall’uomo o di origine extraterrestre? Dimenticate quello che pensate di sapere e preparatevi a restare sorpresi. Per chi cerca la verità su queste strabilianti tecnologie ed è interessato a sapere perché vengono tenute nascoste al pubblico, Propulsione Antigravità è un testo fondamentale.
Propulsão Antigravitacional
by Débora L. Sousa James Morcan Lance MorcanO maior mistério da nossa era finalmente recebe a investigação equilibrada e imparcial que merece. Propulsão Antigravitacional é uma exploração abrangente do fenômeno ufológico que inclui todos os cenários possíveis e não deixa nada de fora. Escrito pelos romancistas, cineastas e pesquisadores independentes James Morcan & Lance Morcan, com um prefácio do especialista em sistemas avançados de propulsão interestelar Grant Hayman e um epílogo do cientista líder e veterano da indústria espacial Dr. Takaaki Musha, um dos grandes enigmas de todos os tempos é examinado com doses iguais de receptividade e ceticismo. Este livro inclui relatos nunca antes mencionados de temas ufológicos populares como a Área 51, Roswell e alegações de abdução alienígena, além de abordar temas menos referidos como experiências antigravitacionais nazistas e japonesas e teorias ainda mais raras envolvendo física quântica e civilizações perdidas dos primitivos. O que será que todos esses avistamentos de óvnis pelo mundo revelam? Quem está encobrindo a existência dessas naves estranhas nos nossos céus? E será que as tecnologias são de origem humana ou extraterrestre? Esqueça o que você acha que já sabe e prepare-se para se surpreender. Para aqueles que procuram a verdade sobre essas tecnologias exóticas e que querem saber por que estão sendo escondidas do público, Propulsão Antigravitacional é uma leitura obrigatória.
Prospects and Utilization of Tropical Plantation Trees
by Kang Chiang LiewLarge numbers of tropical trees from natural forests or plantation forest are available for human consumption and management. This book focuses on the prospects and utilization of tropical plantation trees in context of economic and business, planting, managing stocks, and uses of trees converted to various wood-based products. It provides information on key areas of tropical plantation trees including growth performance, nursery practices, soil properties, planting stock production, raw material cellulose, anatomy, pulping and papermaking, fiber modification, and properties of wood composites. Features: Comprehensive information on prospects and utilization of tropical plantation tree species. Features information on potential products derived from tropical plantation trees including cellulose-based wood products, particleboard with bioplastic binder, and laminated veneer lumber. Discusses species usage of economic importance other than wood production. Presents information on nursery practices, growth performance, and soil properties of tropical trees. Illustrates methodologies for repeating investigations on work that has been done previously in tropical tree research. This book introduces information for entrepreneurs or researchers before undertaking work with these tree species illustrating technical methodologies allowing for repetition or previous successful works. This information proves valuable to researchers if further work is needed for improvement on these plant-derived products.
Prospects for Alternative Energy Development in the U.S. West
by John C. Pierce Brent S. SteelThis book poses the question of whether identifiable individual-level attributes (e. g. , values, interests, knowledge, demographic characteristics) lead to support for or opposition to the development and implementation of alternative energy technologies. In recent years, attempts to site alternative energy technologies (e. g. , wind, solar, wave) have been met by intense opposition from a variety of sources, including many environmentalists from whom one might expect support for non-carbon based renewable energy initiatives. This volume argues that there are indeed such discernible attributes, and moreover that the identification and exploration are important for the development of support strategies for the well-informed and achievable siting of such technologies.
Prospects for Biological Control of Plant Feeding Mites and Other Harmful Organisms
by Daniel Carrillo Gilberto José Moraes Jorge E. PeñaThe history of biological control of harmful organisms by mites is marked by outstanding achievements with a few premiere natural enemies. Early works concentrated on the use of predatory mites for the control of synanthropic flies, More recently, the focus has been mostly on mites of the family Phytoseiidae for the control of plant feeding mites. This is an important family of acarine predators of plant pest mites, which are effectively used in agriculture worldwide. Besides the vast knowledge in several species in this family, there are as well many opportunities for biological control, represented in an array of organisms and through the improvement of management techniques, which are constantly explored by researchers worldwide. This has resulted in an increasing interest in predatory mite species within the families Stigmaeidae, Ascidae, Laelapidae, Rhodacaroidea, Macrochelidae, Erythraeidae and Cheyletidae, among others. This book will compile important developments with predatory mite species within these families, which are emerging as important tools for integrated pest management. New developments with predatory insects and pathogenic organisms attacking mites will also be a subject of this book. Finally, the potential and gaps in knowledge in biological control of acarine plant pests will be addressed.
Prospects for Pastoralism in Kazakstan and Turkmenistan: From State Farms to Private Flocks (Central Asia Research Forum)
by Carol KervenThis collection traces how pastoralists have coped with the challenges of change in a part of the world with a long-tradition of livestock keeping. Their precarious position - balanced between a market system where only the fittest may survive, and their attempt to remain a human resource for the future development of the natural pastures and livestock industry - is carefully and critically examined by the contributors. The pastoralists' unique skills at managing livestock in a variable and challenging environment, and their ability to supply commodities much in demand mean that an understanding of their societal position is essential for anyone interested in transition in the former Soviet Union.
Prospects for Professional Engineering Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Historical Case Study of the University of Tasmania (Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects #74)
by Peter Edward DoeThis book examines professional engineering education in the Asia-Pacific region in the context of the history of the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Tasmania. It chronicles the development of professional engineering education at the University of Tasmania following the establishment of schools/faculties of engineering in Australia and New Zealand in the late 1890’s. For its 100th anniversary celebration, former graduates of the university were invited to contribute a written or oral ‘pitch’ on their experience as undergraduates and their subsequent careers a engineers, managers, and leaders. Their stories, reproduced in this book, show a deep appreciation of their time as students. Their careers are a testament to their training. In the second decade of the 21st century, the style of learning and teaching at universities changed dramatically. First, there was the change to student-centered teaching, then followed the move to online delivery which was consolidated through COVID-19. Constructive alignment followed with delivered material aligned to Intended Learning Outcomes, assessment tasks and Engineers Australia Stage 1 Competencies for Professional Engineers. Post COVID-19, there has been a slow return to face-to-face teaching. This is a particular challenge for engineering students because of the need for ‘hands on’ experience in laboratories. This book examines the challenges in training engineers for the future and considers the future of professional engineering education.
Prospects for Soil Regeneration and Its Impact on Environmental Protection (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
by Naga Raju Maddela Sesan Abiodun Aransiola Babafemi Raphael Babaniyi Adejoke Blessing AransiolaSoil is a complex system of inorganic and organic materials, living organisms, water, and air. It is home to more than one trillion species of microorganisms. Soil also plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Because plants absorb carbon from the atmosphere, convert it to plant tissue, and return it to the soil as plant residue, soils globally act as the world’s largest sink of active carbon. Soil has role to play in food production and safety. Soil contamination undermined by modern agricultural practices that deplete soil carbon stocks. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have been raising recorded temperatures since the Industrial Revolution. Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, and fisheries have almost doubled in the last 50 years and will increase by 30% by 2050 given the current trend. The primacy of arresting climate change is nowhere more evident than the adoption of 195 countries of the first legally binding global climate deal at the Paris Climate Conference in 2015. With atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reaching 400 parts per million in 2016, soils can be an ally in bringing the CO2 level down to a sustainable level if protected for regeneration. Soil protection and regeneration is a technique that involves the conservative rehabilitation of soil ecosystem and farmland. This technique focuses on top soil regeneration, improving the water cycle, supporting biosequestration, enhancing ecosystem services, increasing biodiversity, strengthening the vitality and health of farm soil, and increasing resilience to climate change and landscape. Environmental protection not only improves soil health, productivity, and resilience to weather extremes, raising farm yields and income while strengthening regional food security in the face of a changing climate, but can also form part of a region’s broader climate strategy. This book is timely as more studies and reviews need to be reported about regenerating global polluted soil and the impacts on the environment, the benefit of both biotic and abiotic structure, thereby creating more awareness of environmental protection and sustainability. Thus, this book presents a vista to research on regeneration of lost resources in the soil and its impacts on the environment.
Prospects in Bioscience: Addressing the Issues
by Abdulhameed Sabu Anu AugustineThe book entitled "Prospects in Bioscience: Addressing the issues" is a collection of selected research papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Biological Sciences (ICABS) organized by the Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology and the Inter University Centre for Bioscience, Kannur University, Kerala, India. ICABS witnessed a unique spectrum of Scientific Programmes on the most recent and exciting developments in modern biology. The conference displayed the numerous breakthroughs and significant developments in the important areas of modern biology and their relevance to the welfare of global society. The Book contains 50 well written chapters, each one discussing scientifically organized findings of original research work done in reputed laboratories. Needless to say, they deal with advances in various disciplines of modern biology including Cell and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology, Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, Food and Agricultural Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology. As the title rightly indicates, the chapters project the prospects in the respective areas and the issues in them. Specific issues discussed in the book includes development of transgenic plants, bioremediation of toxic industrial effluents, biotransformation for novel antibiotics, biofertilizer development, molecular drug designing and structure elucidation, molecular identification of pathogens, production of anti microbials, biocontrol agents and bioactive molecules, cancer biology, plant breeding and hybrid seed production etc. The book with its contents spreading across the vast arena of modern biology is expected to cater to the need of researchers, technologists and students.
Prospects of Fresh Market Wastes Management in Developing Countries (Water Science and Technology Library #92)
by Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi Amir Hashim Mohd Kassim Efaq Ali NomanThis book focuses on the prospects of fresh market waste management in developing countries. It characterizes fresh market wastewater and solid wastes, and highlights the human health impact of corresponding waste management practices. With regard to treatment technologies, the book discusses the anaerobic digestion of fresh solid wastes; the application of natural coagulants for wastewater treatment; the remediation of xenobiotics in wastewater using nanotechnology; and biofilter aquaponic systems for nutrient removal. All of these technologies are recent innovations, offer several concrete advantages, and can be applied in developing countries as non-central treatment systems. In addition, the book covers electricity production from fresh solid wastes using microbial fuel cells, demonstrating the potential held by recycling fresh market wastewater and solid wastes.
Prospects of Hydrogen Fueled Power Generation (River Publishers Series in Power)
by Anoop Kumar Shukla Onkar Singh Meeta Sharma Ali J. ChamkhaProspects of Hydrogen-fueled Power Generation brings together experts to explore the various challenges and opportunities of hydrogen as a fuel in power generation, transportation, storage, and safety. Special interest is given to proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) fuel cells, hydrogen energy, and the conversion methods. The usage of clean fuel in road transportation, marine transportation, and the power generation sector are also discussed in detail. Additionally, performance investigations reveal information about the system's energy and exergy analysis.Hydrogen-fueled power generation is the process of generating electricity using hydrogen as the primary fuel source. This process typically involves the conversion of hydrogen into electricity using fuel cells or combustion engines. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert hydrogen into electricity and water with no emissions other than water vapor. Combustion engines, on the other hand, burn hydrogen to produce heat, which is used to generate electricity through a turbine. The byproducts of hydrogen combustion are water and heat, with no harmful emissions. One advantage of hydrogen-fueled power generation is that it produces no harmful emissions, making it a clean and sustainable source of energy. Additionally, hydrogen is a highly abundant element that can be produced from a variety of sources, including natural gas, biomass, and renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.
Prospects of Plant-Based Vaccines in Veterinary Medicine
by Jacqueline MacDonaldThis book provides an in-depth explanation of the advantages and current limitations of recombinant plant-made vaccines for use in veterinary medicine, including for livestock, pets, and wild animals. Written by top scientists in the field, it discusses the background to and latest scientific advances in plant-made vaccines for the most commonly targeted veterinary infections. With the recent high-profile research into recombinant plant-made therapeutics for Ebola and Zika viruses, it is likely that the products will be commercialized and widely used in the future. Plant-made therapeutics have a variety of advantages over those made in traditional systems; however, their most fruitful application may be in veterinary medicine, due to less stringent regulations and a greater need for low-cost products.
Prospects of Science, Technology and Applications
by Renu Sharma Satyanarayan Bhuyan Dilip Kumar MishraIn the rapidly evolving landscape of scientific and technological advancements, the “Prospects of Science, Technology, and Applications: A Compendium of Symposium” endeavors to explore the dynamic future that awaits us. As we stand at the crossroads of innovation and discovery, the need for a comprehensive understanding of the potential trajectories and applications in science and technology has never been more crucial. This compilation brings together insights from esteemed contributors who are experts in their respective fields, ranging from fundamental sciences to cutting-edge technologies. The diverse perspectives offered within these pages aim to shed light on the exciting possibilities and challenges that lie ahead. Our intention is to inspire curiosity, spark intellectual dialogue, and foster a sense of anticipation for what the future holds.
Prostate Cancer Imaging: An Engineering and Clinical Perspective
by Jasjit Suri Ayman El-Baz Gyan PareekThis book covers novel strategies and state of the art approaches for automated non-invasive systems for early prostate cancer diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy after skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related male deaths in the USA after lung cancer. However, early detection of prostate cancer increases chances of patients’ survival. Generally, The CAD systems analyze the prostate images in three steps: (i) prostate segmentation; (ii) Prostate description or feature extraction; and (iii) classification of the prostate status. Explores all of the latest research and developments in state-of-the art imaging of the prostate from world class experts. Contains a comprehensive overview of 2D/3D Shape Modeling for MRI data. Presents a detailed examination of automated segmentation of the prostate in 3D imaging. Examines Computer-Aided-Diagnosis through automated techniques. There will be extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study.
Prosthetic Biomechanics in Engineering
by Osman AbuProsthetic biomechanics is an interdisciplinary field of engineering, medicine, and biology, focused on enhancing people’s lifestyles. In the past 20 years, the field of prosthetic biomechanics and its potential have grown due to the support of advances in engineering technologies. Prosthetic Biomechanics in Engineering is about the recent advances in prosthetic engineering research. The scope of the book is focused on the design, development, and evaluation of a prosthetic systems that are being used in biomechanical applications. The book covers advanced materials, conceptual design, classification, ergonomics design applications, brain computer interface (BCI) system, motion analysis, postural stand stability, upper and lower limb prosthetics, types of suspension systems for prosthetics, Fiber Bragg Grating-based techniques, and pressure on the residual limb and the socket. The early chapters effectively describe new sensors for in-socket systems, new pylon material, and advanced gait analysis. Further chapters discuss advanced techniques for the design and development of prosthetics based on clinical and emergency uses. The information provided in this book is intended for researchers and investigators to encourage further advances in the field of prosthetics research, and for the development of rehabilitation equipment for the improvement of human health, and it: Presents recent advances in prosthetic biomechanics engineering research Discusses the design and development of limb prosthetic systems Explores advanced concepts of the prosthetic sockets Describes gait analysis of prosthetics and orthotics Dr Noor Azuan Abu Osman is a practicing engineer and Professor of Biomechanics with Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia.
Prosthetic Designs for Restoring Human Limb Function
by William CraeliusThis textbook provides a thorough introduction and overview of the design and engineering of state-of-the-art prosthetics and assistive technologies. Innovations in prosthetics are increasingly made by cross-disciplinary thinking, and the author introduces the application of biomedical, mechanical, electrical, computer, and materials engineering principles to the design of artificial limbs. Coverage includes the fundamentals of biomechanics, biomechanical modeling and measurements, the basics of anatomy and physiology of limb defects, and the historical development of prosthetic design. This book stimulates the innovative thinking necessary for advancing limb restoration, and will be essential reading for students, as well as researchers, professional engineers, and prosthetists involved in the design and manufacture of artificial limbs.Learning enhanced by the exercises, including physical modeling with MATLAB and Simulink;Includes appendices with relevant equations and parameters for reference;Introduction to the design and engineering of prosthetics and assistive technologies.
Protean Supply Chains
by James A. CookeFeatures emerging trends that are shaping supply chain operations worldwide as well as impacting the global business landscapeBeginning with the assertion that supply chains are an overlooked factor behind anemic economic growth, Protean Supply Chains: Ten Dynamics of Supply and Demand Alignment provides a comprehensive overview of the developments occurring in the field of supply chain management. A broad range of topics in facility location, inventory, strategic sourcing, and supply chain coordination are addressed in addition to coverage of major developments within the field. The author's main position is that supply chains must be more than agile or flexible; rather, they must become protean and capable of changing shape in response to a volatile global business landscape.The author, a well-known editor and researcher in the field, presents current real-world examples combined with insights into the impact of recent trends that are expected to affect the global business landscape over the next decade. Highlighting companies with leading-edge supply chains as examples, the book discusses methods to reduce spending, increase revenues, and achieve streamlined productivity in a changing economic climate. The book utilizes further examples from the growth of online retailing and automation in distribution centers, as well as the use of protean supply chains to gain competitive advantages internationally. In addition, the book features the following ten emerging trends, which are shaping supply chain operations worldwide:The rise of regional theatres of supplyGlobal risk management through control towersCustomer segmentationReal demand realization Omniichannel retailing challengesDemand swing alignment with production and distributionCustomer of one serviceSustainability challengesCollaboration vs. competition in the new economyFinancial dynamismThe book is an ideal reference for professionals and practitioners in operations research, business/management science, applied mathematics, and industrial engineering as well as an appropriate supplement for undergraduate and graduate-level courses in supply chain management.
Protect and Defend
by Eric L HarryA series of military and political disasters has swept the globe. The Russian government has fallen to anarchists. The Chinese have marched into Siberia and are poised to take the continent. And, in one final master stroke, the newly elected president of the U.S. is assassinated. Now it's up to an untested leader, Vice President Gordon Davis, to step forward and stop it. But with his nation divided, his allies paralyzed, and a small U.S.-U.N force the only thing standing between the Chinese and the rest of Asia, the battle and the war may already be lost."Harry has a first-rate speculative mind well grounded in current science." "The ideas he puts forth, and his knowledge of computing, are extremely engaging." -Kirkus Reviews "A good storyteller...harrowing stuff!"-- New York Times Book Review"Truly an epic, the action switching rapidly all over the globe, cleverly interweaving. A really powerful read." -- Manchester Evening Guardian
Protect the Water World: Selected Papers of 2024 International Conference on Environmental Protection and Pollution Control (EPPC 2024) (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Varenyam Achal Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah Mohd Razif HarunThis book unveils the advancements in water pollution analysis and its biological treatment technology and provides valuable research and experience for engineers and scholars. On March 22, 2024, in the United Nations World Water Development Report, the theme of this year's conference, "Water for Promoting Prosperity and Peace," aligns with Global Water Partnerships' long-standing mission and vision of integrated water resources management. Currently, around half of the world's population faces severe water scarcity for at least part of the year, and a quarter of the global population experiences "extremely high" water stress. Meanwhile, global freshwater usage is growing at a rate slightly below 1% annually. Hence, the protection of water resources and pollution control, particularly the renewal and management of freshwater resources, deserve significant attention. Emerging pollutants of concern include per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pharmaceuticals, hormones, industrial chemicals, detergents, cyanotoxins, and nanomaterials. High concentrations of antimicrobial agents have been found worldwide, originating from inadequately treated household wastewater, livestock, and aquaculture. Biological treatment technology for water pollution uses microorganisms to break down pollutants into harmless or less toxic substances, becoming an important means of addressing water pollution. Its advantages lie in low cost, adaptability, and the ability to effectively treat various organic pollutants, including hydrocarbons, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, the effectiveness of this technology depends on the selection of appropriate microbial strains and the optimization of treatment conditions (such as temperature, pH, and nutrients). In the aspect of water pollution analysis, accurate detection of the types and concentrations of pollutants is a prerequisite for management and remediation. Modern instruments, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), can identify and quantify trace pollutants in complex water bodies. Additionally, new-generation sensing technologies and biological detection tools, like DNA microarrays and gene sequencing technologies, enable rapid detection of specific pollutants and reveal microbial community responses to pollutants. These technologies can effectively target and treat heavy industrial and chemical pollution, thereby protecting water environmental safety. This book aims to facilitate the exchange of scientific information among scholars from leading universities, research centers, and high-tech enterprises around the world. This book is highly beneficial to scholars, engineers, and researchers in the fields of environmental engineering and water pollution.
Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania: Local Communities, Land Use Change, and Management Challenges (Geotechnologies and the Environment #22)
by Ryan R. Jensen Jeffrey O. Durrant Emanuel H. Martin Kokel Melubo Leslie A. Hadfield Perry J. Hardin Laurie WeislerNorthern Tanzania is an important and diverse ecological and cultural region with many protected lands. This book, Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania, brings to the forefront research on significant issues and developments in conservation and management in national parks and protected lands in northern Tanzania. The book draws attention to issues at the intersection of conservation, tourism, and community livelihood, and several studies use geospatial technologies—Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing data and techniques—to study land use and land cover conversion. With contributions from professors at the Mweka College of African Wildlife Management located at the foot of Mount Kilimanjaro and other Tanzanian researchers, the book provides important perspectives of local experts and practitioners. Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania provides a significant contribution in research and technological advancement in the areas of wildlife conservation and protected land management throughout this critical region.
Protected Land
by Douglas J. SpielesThis is a book about ecosystems: the ways in which we perceive them, conceptualize them,protect them, and manipulate them. Ecosystems have been given considerable attention inrecent literature, and with good reason. Our growing comprehension of irreplaceable andimperiled ecosystem services has made it clear that we are in the midst of an ecological crisis.In response, various organizations, agencies, and individuals have dedicated themselves to thepreservation, restoration, and maintenance of ecological systems. The United States is a worldleader in this regard, building upon the legacy of giants like Thoreau, Muir, and Leopold.And yet, even as we scramble to rehabilitate and sustain ecosystems, the debate on their naturecontinues. In one corner are proponents of holism--those that see ecosystems as definableunits with recognizable and regenerative stable states.
Protecting Building Occupants And Operations From Biological And Chemical Airborne Threats: A Framework For Decision Making
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesProtecting buildings and their occupants from biological and chemical attacks to ensure continuous building operations is seen as an urgent need in the Department of Defense, given recent technological advances and the changing threats. Toward this end, the Department of Defense established the Immune Building Program to develop protective systems to deter biological and chemical attacks on military facilities and minimize the impacts of attacks should they occur. At the request of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the National Research Council convened a committee to provide guiding principles for protecting buildings from airborne biological or chemical threat agents and outline the variables and options to consider in designing building protection systems. This report addresses such components of building protection as building design and planning strategies; heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems; filtration; threat detection and identification technologies; and operational responses. It recommends that building protection systems be designed to accommodate changing building conditions, new technologies, and emerging threats. Although the report's focus is on protection of military facilities, the guiding principles it offers are applicable to protection of public facilities as well.
Protecting Chips Against Hold Time Violations Due to Variability
by Gustavo Neuberger Gilson Wirth Ricardo ReisWith the development of Very-Deep Sub-Micron technologies, process variability is becoming increasingly important and is a very important issue in the design of complex circuits. Process variability is the statistical variation of process parameters, meaning that these parameters do not have always the same value, but become a random variable, with a given mean value and standard deviation. This effect can lead to several issues in digital circuit design. The logical consequence of this parameter variation is that circuit characteristics, as delay and power, also become random variables. Because of the delay variability, not all circuits will now have the same performance, but some will be faster and some slower. However, the slowest circuits may be so slow that they will not be appropriate for sale. On the other hand, the fastest circuits that could be sold for a higher price can be very leaky, and also not very appropriate for sale. A main consequence of power variability is that the power consumption of some circuits will be different than expected, reducing reliability, average life expectancy and warranty of products. Sometimes the circuits will not work at all, due to reasons associated with process variations. At the end, these effects result in lower yield and lower profitability. To understand these effects, it is necessary to study the consequences of variability in several aspects of circuit design, like logic gates, storage elements, clock distribution, and any other that can be affected by process variations. The main focus of this book will be storage elements.