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Silicon Technologies: Ion Implantation and Thermal Treatment (Wiley-iste Ser.)
by Annie BaudrantThe main purpose of this book is to remind new engineers in silicon foundry, the fundamental physical and chemical rules in major Front end treatments: oxidation, epitaxy, ion implantation and impurities diffusion.
Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference: Second Conference, SVCC 2021, San Jose, CA, USA, December 2–3, 2021, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1536)
by Sang-Yoon Chang Luis Bathen Fabio Di Troia Thomas H. Austin Alex J. NelsonThis book constitutes selected and revised papers from the Second Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference, held in San Jose, USA, in December 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a virtual format. The 9 full papers and one shoprt paper presented in this volume were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. They present most recent research on dependability, reliability, and security to address cyber-attacks, vulnerabilities, faults, and errors in networks and systems. Chapters 1, 4, 5, 6, and 8-10 are published open access under a CC BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License).
Silicone Composite Insulators
by Frank Schmuck Konstantin O. PapailiouComposite insulators have been in service in electric power networks successfully for more than 40 years, and now up to the highest operating voltages. The present book extensively covers such insulators with a special focus on today's prevalent material, which is silicone rubber. It includes a detailed description of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of composite insulators, their material properties, their design as well as typical applications and service experience. Particular attention is given to the mechanical behavior of long rod and post insulators, insulated cross-arms, interphase spacers and hollow core apparatus insulators. The state of the art on manufacturing procedures and the selection and dimensioning of the necessary power arc and corona fittings is presented as well as evaluation tests of "old" insulators, i.e. insulators after many years in service. The closing chapter deals with an up to date overview of test procedures and IEC standards. The selection and the contents of the various subjects covered in this book are based on the authors' more than thirty years of experience with a renowned European manufacturer of composite insulators and string hardware. Their long and active participation in the relevant CIGRE and IEC working bodies adding to this experience. This book is therefore addressed to practicing engineers from electric utilities and the industry, as well as to academic professionals.
Silicone Dispersions (Surfactant Science)
by Yihan LiuSilicone is an important class of materials used in applications that range from industrial assembly to everyday consumer products. Silicones are often delivered and synthesized in dispersion forms, the most common being liquid-in-liquid (emulsion), solid-in-liquid (suspension), air-in-liquid (foam) and solid-in air (powder). This book compiles a carefully selected number of topics that are essential to the understanding, creative design and production of silicone dispersions. As such, it provides the first unified description of silicone dispersions in the literature.
Silicone Surface Science
by Michael J. Owen Petar R. DvornicSilicone Surface Science offers a survey of the major topics concerning the properties and behavior of silicone surfaces. It covers all main aspects of the subject, including: polydimethylsiloxane, spread monolayers, self-assembled monolayers, hydrophobicity and super-hydrophobicity, coupling agents, surfactants, fluorosilicones, surface treatments and surface analysis. This book brings together the field's leading experts who investigated both fundamental and applied aspects of silicone surface science and technology, and introduces the reader to the origins and historical development of silicone surfaces as well as to their most significant current key features. Silicone Surface Science is an invaluable guide and indispensable reference source for all those interested in this important area of polymer and materials science and technology, from graduate students to experienced scientists alike.
Silikon-Verbundisolatoren: Werkstoffe, Dimensionierung, Anwendungen
by Konstantin O. Papailiou Frank SchmuckIn dem Buch stellen die Autoren das Thema Silikon-Verbundisolatoren umfassend dar. Sie beschreiben die mechanischen und elektrotechnischen Grundlagen, berücksichtigen neueste Entwicklungen und gehen auf alle wesentlichen Aspekte ein: von der Auswahl der Werkstoffe über die Dimensionierung bis zur Anwendung in Hochspannungsnetzen. Die Autoren sind Pioniere auf dem Gebiet der Verbundisolatoren und legen höchsten Wert auf die Praxisrelevanz ihres Wissens. So eignet sich der Band als Einführung in das Thema ebenso wie als Nachschlagewerk für die Praxis.
Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie: Grundlagen Mikroelektronischer Integrationstechnik (Teubner Studienbücher Technik)
by Ulrich HilleringmannDas Lehrbuch behandelt die Grundlagen und die technische Durchführung der Einzelprozesse zur mikroelektronischen Schaltungsintegration in der Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie. Die Integrationstechnik setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl von sich wiederholenden Einzelprozessen zusammen, deren Durchführung und apparative Ausstattung extremen Anforderungen genügen müssen, um die geforderten Strukturgrößen bis zu wenigen Nanometern gleichmäßig und reproduzierbar zu erzeugen. Das Zusammenspiel der Oxidationen, Ätzschritte und Implantationen zur Herstellung von MOS- und Bipolarschaltungen werden - ausgehend vom Rohsilizium bis zur gekapselten integrierten Schaltung - aus Sicht der Prozessführung erläutert.
Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie: Grundlagen mikroelektronischer Integrationstechnik
by Ulrich HilleringmannDas Lehrbuch behandelt die Grundlagen und die technische Durchführung der Einzelprozesse zur mikroelektronischen Schaltungsintegration in der Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie. Die Integrationstechnik setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl von sich wiederholenden Einzelprozessen zusammen, deren Durchführung und apparative Ausstattung extremen Anforderungen genügen müssen, um die geforderten Strukturgrößen bis zu wenigen Nanometern gleichmäßig und reproduzierbar zu erzeugen. Das Zusammenspiel der Oxidationen, Ätzschritte und Implantationen zur Herstellung von MOS- und Bipolarschaltungen werden - ausgehend vom Rohsilizium bis zur gekapselten integrierten Schaltung - aus Sicht der Prozessführung erläutert. Moderne 3D-Bauformen für Feldeffekttransistoren runden den Inhalt ab.
Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie: Grundlagen mikroelektronischer Integrationstechnik
by Ulrich HilleringmannEin Lehrbuch zu den grundlegenden Verfahren der Mikroelektronik und Integrationstechniken. Grundlage der mikroelektronischen Integrationstechnik ist die Silizium-Halbleitertechnologie. Sie setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl von sich wiederholenden Einzelprozessen zusammen, deren Durchführung und apparative Ausstattung extremen Anforderungen genügen müssen, um die geforderten Strukturgrößen bis zu wenigen 10 nm gleichmäßig und reproduzierbar zu erzeugen. Das Zusammenspiel der Oxidationen, Ätzschritte und Implantationen zur Herstellung von MOS- und Bipolarschaltungen werden - ausgehend vom Rohsilizium bis zur gekapselten integrierten Schaltung - aus Sicht des Anwenders erläutert. Das Buch behandelt neben den Grundlagen auch die technische Durchführung der Einzelprozesse zur Integrationstechnik. In der 6. Auflage ...
Silos: Fundamentals of Theory, Behaviour and Design
by J. Nielsen C. J. BrownBringing together the leading European expertise in behaviour and design of silos, this important new book is an essential reference source for all concerned with current problems and developments in silo technology. Silos are used in an enormous range of industries and the handling characteristics of many industrial materials require different app
Silting and Desilting of Reservoirs
by Dan G. Batuca J.M. Jordaan JrThe creation of river dams and the storage of water have been a strategy for survival for many centuries. Reservoirs have diverse functions, providing irrigation, water supply, storage of water, flood control, navigation and power generation. The silting of a reservoir is an unavoidable process. Although it cannot be halted, silting can be slowed down and controlled by a variety of soil conservation practices and by modifying agricultural practices in the catchment area. Other methods of reducing silting include the placing of certain engineering structures in the river system and the introduction of adequate strategies of reservoir operation. Silting and Desilting of Reservoirs includes aspects such as hydraulics, sediment transport, silting, sediment distribution, calculation and prediction of silting and solutions to reservoir silting.
Silting Problems in Hydro Power Plants: Proceedings of the First International Conference, New Delhi, India, 13-15th October 1999
by C.V.J. VarmaAn examination of how silt has a major impact on the operation of hydropower projects in terms of the silting of reservoirs, with particular reference to India where one-third of the Earth's silt material originates. An effort is made to raise awareness of silt issues in the minds of hydropower engineers, considering silting problems in hydropower projects on the Indian sub-continent. Also under discussion are environmental and economic aspects of silt management; reduction of silt by implementing ISO 1400 for hilly projects; technical treatments of reservoir sedimentation, desilting and its economic optimization, damage mechanisms and their analysis, and design criteria. Although this book considers the problem of silting from several viewpoints, it focuses on the design of hydropower plants in India.
Silver and Gold #3 (Astronaut Girl #3)
by Cathy Hapka Ellen VandenbergCan Astronaut Girl save the day with a little help from science? Find out as she and her space crew blast off on new adventures in this chapter book series!Val and Wallace aren't looking forward to the last weekend of summer vacation, though they are excited about going to the local town fair! But after Wallace's friend Carlos shows up for a visit, the day quickly goes downhill for Val. Things get even worse when Astronaut Girl, Wallace, the Astro crew, and Carlos end up in a spaceship zigzagging through an asteroid belt! Can Val and Carlos put their differences aside to get them all safely back home?Exciting, easy-to-read books are the stepping stone a young reader needs to bridge the gap between being a beginner and being fluent.
Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Devices: Biocompatibility and Toxicity
by Huiliang CaoSince the potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) has raised serious concerns in the biomaterials and biomedical engineering community, Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Devices: Biocompatibility and Toxicity brings together the synthesis, the physicochemical properties and the biological actions of Ag NPs, as well as the clinical demands for fabricating antibacterial medical devices, discussing how to suppress the side effects of nanomaterials and how to impart to them the selective toxicity. This book presents the two primary paradigms that have emerged in probing the antibacterial applications of Ag NPs, i.e. the active attacking releasing way and the conservative defending approach by taking advantage of various short-range actions; it shows readers how the ways in which Ag NPs have behaved can be engineered purposively. With contributions from leading international experts and extensive references listed in each chapter, this volume provides the general principles on controlling the physicochemical behaviors of nanomaterials and managing their toxicity risks.
Silver Nanoparticles in the Environment
by Jingfu Liu Guibin JiangThis comprehensive book covers the environmental issues concerning silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Following an introduction to the history, properties and applications, the environmental concerns of AgNPs is discussed. In the second chapter, the separation, characterization and quantification of AgNPs in environment samples are described in detail. In the remaining parts of the book, the authors focus on the environmental processes and effects of AgNPs, with chapters on the pathway into environment, fate and transport, toxicological effects and mechanisms, as well as the environmental bioeffects and safety-assessment of AgNPs in the environment. This book is designed to describe current understanding of the environmental aspects of AgNPs. It provides a valuable resource to students and researchers in environmental science and technology, nanotechnology, toxicology, materials science and ecology; as well as to professionals involved in the production and consumption of AgNPs in various areas including catalysis, food products, textiles/fabrics, and medical products and devices. Jingfu Liu and Guibin Jiang are professors at State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Silver Screen to Digital: A Brief History of Film Technology
by Carlo MontanaroA history of transformations in moviemaking technology, from pigments to pixels, celluloid to CGI.An era has ended. After one hundred and twenty-five years, a change has taken place in cinemas. The thousands of figures formed by silver and colored pigments can no longer be viewed through transparent film—instead, everything has become digital, compressed, virtual and built into the rapid alternation of millions (hopefully, for quality’s sake) of dots, or pixels within a very neat and minuscule grid.But projection is just the last link in a chain that is transforming the most direct language invented by humanity over the centuries. The other links—shooting, editing, special effects, re-elaboration and sound reproduction—have by now undergone radical transformations that have often signified progress. Perhaps it is worth the trouble, then, having accepted this transformation-revolution once and for all, to understand where we started out from, how cinematographic language was born, and how its grammar first and later its syntax evolved thanks to technological development.Without lightweight equipment for sound recording, sensitive emulsions, and portable and compact lighting, it would not have been possible, at the end of the fifties, for example, to create identifiable “currents” of experimentation and concept under such titles as free cinema or nouvelle vague, which were largely based on footage from life and no longer reconstructed in the studio. That which filmmakers today can achieve even more effectively thanks to a range of digital technologies, paradoxically, involves working with even more-minimal equipment such as a smartphone in front of green or blue screens, against absolutely virtual backgrounds. In short: no more silver and more and more pixels. This volume journeys through the history of cinema, focusing on the machines and mechanisms that contributed to the magic.
The Silver Ship and the Sea (Fremont's Children)
by Brenda CooperPrisoners of a war they barely remember, Fremont&’s Children must find a way to survive in a world that abhors their very nature. Or they must discover a way to leave it…Brenda Cooper&’s Fremont&’s Children series launches with her award-winning novel The Silver Ship and the Sea. Cooper explores what it means to be so different that others feel they must oppress you.Six genetically enhanced children are stranded on the colony planet Fremont in a war between genetic purists and those that would tinker with the code. Orphaned, the children have few remnants of their heritage other than an old woman who was left for abandoned at the end of the war, and a mysterious silver ship that appears to have no doors.To keep themselves alive, the children must leave the safety of the insular community and brave the beautiful but dangerous wilds of Fremont. Is it an echo of their own natures, or a proving ground of their genetic worth?In this battle of wills and principles, what does the future hold for Fremont&’s Children?
Silver Tower (Independent #1)
by Dale Brownfrom the back page 1992, A year of crisis. The Middle East is on the brink of ruin as the Soviets launch a brutal invasion of Iran. The last hope for peace: America's completion of the most sophisticated laser defence system ever. The Silver Tower, America's first permanent space station, is the test bed for top-secret military experiments. Now, the most astounding test of all is about to begin. A grueling counterattack by air, by sea, by outer space. The ultimate battle between the superpowers - on the verge of nuclear war.
Silverton and the Alpine Loop
by Jeff CorrAs the ancestral hunting grounds of mountain people known as the Utes, the future site of Silverton was explored by nomadic hunters for generations. During the 1860s, Charles Baker, an early mining prospector, discovered some mineral wealth in the area and spread highly exaggerated rumors that brought in even more prospectors. Significant wealth was found in Arrastra Gulch along the Alpine Loop, north of Baker's Park. From the beginning of its mining heritage, Silverton has gone through periods of boom to bust. In the 1950s, the area was discovered by Hollywood, increasing its appeal to tourism, and in the 1960s, the Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad reinvested heavily to dedicate itself to tourist travel. Although mining continued on a limited basis up until the 1990s, Silverton's economy is now supported by those who come for its history, picturesque landscapes, fly fishing, jeeping, and hiking.
Silviculture in the Tropics
by Bernd Stimm Reinhard Mosandl Michael Weber Sven GünterThis book integrates the latest global developments in forestry science and practice and their relevance for the sustainable management of tropical forests. The influence of social dimensions on the development of silvicultural concepts is another spotlight. Ecology and silvicultural options form all tropical continents, and forest formations from dry to moist forests and from lowland to mountain forests are covered. Review chapters which guide readers through this complex subject integrate numerous illustrative and quantitative case studies by experts from all over the world. On the basis of a cross-sectional evaluation of the case studies presented, the authors put forward possible silvicultural contributions towards sustainability in a changing world. The book is addressed to a broad readership from forestry and environmental disciplines.
Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry
by Peter SavillFully updated throughout, this new edition describes the silvicultural characteristics of trees commonly grown in the UK, including all important native species and a selection of some of the most significant exotics. With details of climatic zones, soils, productivity, pests and diseases, this book provides concise but detailed information regarding the establishment and management of forests. Detailed drawings of leaves and fruits are also provided to aid with identification, making this a useful resource for students and forestry professionals.
The Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry
by Peter SavillBritish woodlands and forests are often located on sites and in regions that are marginal for agriculture; many are at high elevations and exposed, with short growing seasons. Wherever forests are located, site and climatic conditions must dictate species choice in forest management. This book provides a detailed guide to the biological suitability of different sites and soils for all important native trees and the most extensively used exotics. Apart from physical difficulties such as steepness and stoniness, forest soils also frequently have problems associated with them. They can be waterlogged or drought-prone, suffer from extremes of acidity or alkalinity, or have compacted layers. The book provides information on species' suitability for different purposes. It includes details of species' origin and introduction (where applicable), as well as their climatic and soil requirements and other silvicultural characteristics. Information about provenance, yield and timber is also provided. Fully updated throughout, this 3rd edition puts more emphasis on species suitable for changing climatic conditions, with accounts of several species that may become more prominent in British forests: including several silver firs, hickories, eucalypts, spruces, poplars and wingnuts. The book concludes with simple keys for identifying the trees most likely to be encountered in British forests. It is an essential resource for students, researchers and forestry professionals.
The Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry
by Peter SavillThe Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry, 3rd Edition offers an updated overview of some 68 species of silvicultural importance in British forestry. The book aims to provide concise but detailed information about the silvicultural characteristics of forest trees in Britain, in a readily accessible form. It is written by an internationally recognized expert in silviculture and includes a comprehensive key for identifying common species. For this new edition content has been expanded to cover species susceptible to climate change threats including walnut, eucalypts, sweet chestnut, maples and cherry. It is essential reading for forestry students and practitioners and for forest ecologists and conservation scientists.
Silvopastoral Systems in Southern South America
by Pablo Luis Peri Francis Dube Alexandre VarellaThis multi-authored volume contains peer-reviewed chapters from leading researchers and professionals in silvopastoral systems topic in Southern South America (Argentina, Chile and South Brazil). It is a compendium of original research articles, case studies, and regional overviews and summarizes the current state of knowledge on different components and aspects (pasture production, animal production, trees production, carbon sequestration, conservation) of silvopatoral systems in native forests and tree plantations. The main hypothesis of the book is that farmers have integrated tree and pasture/grassland species in their land use systems to reach higher production per unit of land area, risk avoidance, product diversification, and sustainability. These production systems also impact positively in main ecosystem processes. Management of these productive systems, Policy and Socioeconomic Aspects provide great opportunities and challenges for farmers and policy makers in our region. The book is unique on this subject in Southern South America and constitutes a valuable reference material for graduate students, professors, scientists and extensionists who work with silvopastoral systems.
Silvopastoral systems of Meso America and Northern South America
by Julián Chará Shibu JoseThis book offers an overview of the most important research and developments in silvopastoral systems of the northern part of South America and Central America, including the most common silvopastoral arrangements in each country and their characteristics in terms of productivity, and environmental and socioeconomic aspects. Featuring a compilation of original research articles, country overviews and reviews of the contribution of silvopastoral systems to different topics, it summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding various aspects of silvopastoral systems in this region.