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Rapid Review of Chemistry for the Life Sciences and Engineering: With Select Applications
by Armen S. Casparian Gergely Sirokman Ann OmolloTo understand, maintain, and protect the physical environment, a basic understanding of chemistry, biology, and physics, and their hybrids is useful. Rapid Review of Chemistry for the Life Sciences and Engineering demystifies chemistry for the non-chemist who, nevertheless, may be a practitioner of some area of science or engineering requiring or involving chemistry. It provides quick and easy access to fundamental chemical principles, quantitative relationships, and formulas. Armed with select, contemporary applications, it is written in the hope to bridge a gap between chemists and non-chemists, so that they may communicate with and understand each other. Chapters 1–10 are designed to contain the standard material in an introductory college chemistry course. Chapters 11–15 present applications of chemistry that should interest and appeal to scientists and engineers engaged in a variety of fields. Additional features More than 100 solved examples clearly illustrated and explained with SI units and conversion to other units using conversion tables included Assists the reader to understand organic and inorganic compounds along with their structures, including isomers, enantiomers, and congeners of organic compounds Provides a quick and easy access to basic chemical concepts and specific examples of solved problems This concise, user-friendly review of general and organic chemistry with environmental applications will be of interest to all disciplines and backgrounds.
Rapid Review of Radiology (Medical Rapid Review Ser.)
by Shahid Hussain Sherif Aaron Latif Adrian David HallAs in all specialties, learning in radiology is a life long process but for radiologists in training there is a vast amount of information to assimilate. In this book the authors have compiled 191 cases to help the reader with the practical aspects of image recognition and differential diagnosis.The selection of cases is broad enough to provide an
Rapid Roboting: Recent Advances on 3D Printers and Robotics (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering #82)
by Fernando Auat Pablo Prieto Gualtiero FantoniThis book summarizes recent advances in robotics using 3D printers and rapid prototyping as a concept development tool. The book is focused on industrial applications, educational aspects, rehabilitation, and other related topics. In particular, the book is intended to offer the reader a smooth yet deep introduction to the use of 3D printers and rapid prototyping techniques as a solution to robotics and mechatronics problems, highlighting successful case studies.
Rapidly Solidified Alloys: Processes-Structures-Properties-Applications (Materials Engineering)
by Howard H. LiebermannThis volume details the principles underlying rapid solidification processing, material structure and properties, and their applications. This practical resource presents a manifold approach to both amorphous and crystalline rapidly solidified metallic alloys.;Written by over 30 internationally acclaimed specialists in their respective fields, Rapi
Rare
by Keith VeroneseHow will your life change when the supply of tantalum dries up? You may have never heard of this unusual metal, but without it smartphones would be instantly less omniscient, video game systems would falter, and laptops fail. Tantalum is not alone. Rhodium. Osmium. Niobium. Such refugees from the bottom of the periodic table are key components of many consumer products like cell phones, hybrid car batteries, and flat screen televisions, as well as sophisticated medical devices and even weapon systems. Their versatile properties have led manufacturers to seek these elements out to maximize longevity, value, and efficiency, but not without a human price. In addition to explaining the chemistry behind rare earth metals, Rare delves into the economic and geopolitical issues surrounding these "conflict minerals," blending tales of financial and political struggles with glimpses into the human lives that are shattered by the race to secure them. In the past decade, the Congo has been ravaged by tribal wars fought to obtain control of tantalum, tungsten, and tin supplies in the region, with over five million people dying at the crossroads of supply and demand. A burgeoning black market in China, Africa, and India is propped up by school-age children retrieving and purifying these metals while risking their lives and health in the process. Fears of future political struggles inside China, the world's largest supplier of these metals, have already sent the United States, Great Britain, and Japan racing to find alternative sources.Will scientists be able to create lab substitutes for some or all of these metals? Will Afghanistan be the next big supplier of rare metals? What happens when the limited supply runs out? Whatever the answers, it is clear that our modern lifestyle, dependent on technology, is far from stable.From the Hardcover edition.
Rare Earth Elements
by Volker ZepfThis thesis deals with Rare Earth Elements (REE), especially with neodymium used in permanent magnets, from a very scientific basis by providing basic research data. Despite the fact that REE are newsworthy and very important elements for a considerable bandwidth of todays' technologies, accompanied by the monopolistic supply-situation and Chinese politics, there are inexplicable data discrepancies about REE which have been recognized frequently but usually have not been addressed accordingly. So this analysis started with the hypothesis that the four application areas, namely computer hard disk drives (HDD), mobile phones, wind turbines and e-mobility (automotive traction), account for about 80% of the global annual neodymium-demand. The research methodology was a laboratory analysis of the composition of used magnets for HDDs and mobile phones and a literature and official report analysis of wind turbine and automotive neodymium use. The result was amazing and the hypothesis had to be withdrawn as these four areas only account for about 20% of neodymium use. This result raises some questions concerning actual use and thus potential recycling options.
Rare Earth Elements in Ultramafic and Mafic Rocks and their Minerals: Main types of rocks. Rock-forming minerals
by Felix P. LesnovThis book gives an overview of the world�s literature on analytical data and theoretical concepts of the regularities of rare earth elements (REE) in ultramafic and mafic rocks of different chemical and mineral compositions � mantle restites (including those composing mantle xenoliths in alkali basaltoids), highly magnesium hypabyssal roc
Rare Earth Elements in Ultramafic and Mafic Rocks and their Minerals: Minor and Accessory Minerals
by Felix P. LesnovThis book presents an extensive overview of literature published globally in the last decades on REE distribution in minor and accessory minerals from various types of ultramafic, mafic, and other plutonic rocks. It is a continuation of the author‘s work published in 2010: Rare Earth Elements in Ultramafic and Mafic Rocks and their Minerals. Main T
Rare Earth Frontiers: From Terrestrial Subsoils to Lunar Landscapes
by Julie Michelle KlingerRare Earth Frontiers is a work of human geography that serves to demystify the powerful elements that make possible the miniaturization of electronics, green energy and medical technologies, and essential telecommunications and defense systems. Julie Michelle Klinger draws attention to the fact that the rare earths we rely on most are as common as copper or lead, and this means the implications of their extraction are global. Klinger excavates the rich historical origins and ongoing ramifications of the quest to mine rare earths in ever more impossible places.Klinger writes about the devastating damage to lives and the environment caused by the exploitation of rare earths. She demonstrates in human terms how scarcity myths have been conscripted into diverse geopolitical campaigns that use rare earth mining as a pretext to capture spaces that have historically fallen beyond the grasp of centralized power. These include legally and logistically forbidding locations in the Amazon, Greenland, and Afghanistan, and on the Moon. Drawing on ethnographic, archival, and interview data gathered in local languages and offering possible solutions to the problems it documents, this book examines the production of the rare earth frontier as a place, a concept, and a zone of contestation, sacrifice, and transformation.
Rare Earth Materials: Properties and Applications
by A.R. JhaRecent studies indicate that China accounts for about 96 percent of the world's supply of rare earth materials (REMs). With REMs becoming increasingly important for a growing number of high-tech applications, appropriate action must be taken to mitigate the effects of a shortage of critical REMs in defense systems and components.Bringing together i
Rare Earth Metals and Minerals Industries: Status and Prospects
by Yellapu V. Murty Mary Anne Alvin Jack P. LiftonThis book presents the current status and future prospects of rare earth elements with respect to a multitude of factors, including resource availability, production, and applications. Among the topics covered are the extraction of raw materials, alloying and compound production, applications, resource conservation through recycling, regulatory issues, and potential new resource streams. The chapters are authored by well-known technical experts in their fields, with decades of research, industrial, and governmental policy experience. The book is expected to serve as the first single source reference on rare earth minerals and metals aimed at students, scientists, technologists, government legislators, regulatory agencies, investors, and business leaders. It provides in-depth examination of the importance of rare earth elements to the global economy and their use in technological innovation, including energy, power, transportation, medicine, electronics, and chemical/petroleum industries.
Rare Earths-Transition Metals-Boron Compounds: Basic Properties to Technical Applications
by Emil BurzoThis book presents advances in the field of rare-earth (R) – transition metal (M) – boron compounds with extensive references. Since titanium and scandium do not form compounds with rare-earths, the Sc/Ti-M-B series are additionally presented. In each chapter the crystal structures, the complex physical properties as determined from neutron diffraction, magnetic measurements, resonance studies, transport properties and band structure calculations are critical analyzed. The models used in describing the experimental evidence are also presented. Tables with the main properties of the R-M-B compounds are given and representative data are illustrated in figures. In this way, the book provides state-of-the art knowledge and a valuable analysis of up-to-date results in the field. The technical applications, as permanent magnets, thermoelectric and magnetocaloric devices, hydrogen storage are also highlighted along with the authors insights into future directions in the field. The book is of interest for scientists involved in the development of the field as well as those working in the technical uses of rare-earth compounds.
Rare Metal Technology 2017
by Neale R. Neelameggham Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Harald Oosterhof Takanari Ouchi Xiaofei GuanThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Topics include the extraction and processing of elements like antimony, arsenic, gold, indium, palladium, platinum, rare earth metals including yttrium and neodymium, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium. Rare processing techniques are covered, including direct extraction processes for rare-earth recovery, biosorption of precious metals, fluorination behavior of uranium and zirconium mixture of fuel debris treatment, and recovery of valuable components of commodity metals such as zinc, nickel, and metals from slag.
Rare Metal Technology 2020 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin ForsbergThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Rare metals include strategic metals that are in increasing demand and subject to supply risks. Metals represented include neodymium, dysprosium, scandium and others; platinum group metals including platinum, palladium, iridium, and others; battery related metals including lithium, cobalt, nickel, and aluminum; electronics-related materials including copper and gold; and refectory metals including titanium, niobium, zirconium, and hafnium. Other critical materials such as gallium, germanium, indium and silicon are also included. Papers cover various processing techniques, including but not limited to hydrometallurgy (solvent extraction, ion exchange, precipitation, and crystallization), electrometallurgy (electrorefining and electrowinning), pyrometallurgy, and aeriometallurgy (supercritical fluid extraction). Contributions are focused on primary production as well as secondary production through urban mining and recycling to enable a circular economy.A useful resource for all involved in commodity metal production, irrespective of the major metalProvides knowledge of cross-application among industriesExtraction and processing of rare metals that are the main building block of many emerging critical technologies have been receiving significant attention in recent years.The technologies that rely on critical metals are prominent worldwide, and finding a way to extract and supply them effectively is highly desirable and beneficial.
Rare Metal Technology 2021 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Neale R. Neelameggham Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin ForsbergThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. It covers metals essential for critical modern technologies including electronics, electric motors, generators, energy storage systems, and specialty alloys. Rare metals are the main building blocks of many emerging critical technologies and have been receiving significant attention in recent years. Much research in academia and industry is devoted to finding novel techniques to extract critical and rare metals from primary and secondary sources. The technologies that rely on critical metals are dominating the world, and finding a way to extract and supply them effectively is highly desirable and beneficial. Rapid development of these technologies entails fast advancement of the resource and processing industry for their building materials. Authors from academia and industry exchange knowledge on developing, operating, and advancing extractive and processing technologies. Contributions cover rare-earth elements (magnets, catalysts, phosphors, and others), energy storage materials (lithium, cobalt, vanadium, graphite), alloy elements (scandium, niobium, titanium), and materials for electronics (gallium, germanium, indium, gold, silver). The contributions also cover various processing techniques in mineral beneficiation, hydrometallurgy, separation and purification, pyrometallurgy, electrometallurgy, supercritical fluid extraction, and recycling (batteries, magnets, electrical and electronic equipment).
Rare Metal Technology 2022 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Neale R. Neelameggham Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin Forsberg Hong PengThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Authors cover the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. Contributions also discuss rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Authors also cover biometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.
Rare Metal Technology 2023 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Neale R. Neelameggham Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin Forsberg Hong Peng Athanasios KaramalidisThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare metals extraction processing techniques used in metal production. The collection covers the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. It also includes rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Rare metal processing covers bio-metallurgy, hydro-metallurgy, and electro-metallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are also addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.
Rare Metal Technology 2024 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Neale R. Neelameggham Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin Forsberg Hong Peng Athanasios KaramalidisThis collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. The collection covers the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. It also includes rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Rare metal processing covers bio-metallurgy, hydro-metallurgy, and electro-metallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are also addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.
Rare Metal Technology 2025 (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series)
by Neale R. Neelameggham Hojong Kim Shafiq Alam Takanari Ouchi Gisele Azimi Alafara Abdullahi Baba Kerstin Forsberg Hong Peng Athanasios KaramalidisThis volume presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. The collection covers the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. It also includes rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Rare metal processing covers biometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are also addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.
Rare-Earth Metal Recovery for Green Technologies: Methods and Applications
by Rajesh Kumar JyothiThis book examines the development, use, extraction, and recovery of rare earth metals. Rare earth elements (REEs) occupy a key role in daily life in industrial applications. They are one of the critical elements for energy and sustainable growth. REEs are utilized in many modern electrical and electronic devices such as smart phones, computers, LED lights etc. Recovery of the REEs from secondary resources represents a way to meet the growing demand for electronic devices. Because of their rarity, utility, and importance, the recovery, utilization and recycling of rare earth metals is of utmost importance. This book presents both current methods of processing rare earths from primary and secondary sources and new, green routes for their isolation and purification. The book also addresses their utilization, re-use, reduction, and recycling policies that exist globally. Applications in metallurgy, magnets, ceramics, electronics, and chemical, optical, and nuclear technologies are discussed.
Rare-Earth-Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers, Revised and Expanded (Optical Science and Engineering)
by Michel J. F. DigonnetRare-Earth-Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers, Second Edition discusses the essential principles, operating characteristics, and current technology of the main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rare-earth-doped silica and fluorozirconate fibers. Covering all aspects of this revolutionary technology, the book reviews fiber fabrication methods and the basic spectroscopic properties of rare-earth ions in glasses, concentrates on the most important fiber laser sources, examines several advances in fiber amplifiers, and analyzes new findings and improvements in single-frequency operation, frequency tenability, broadband fiber sources, and blue-green and far-infrared fiber lasers.
Rarefied Gas Dynamics
by Felix SharipovAimed at both researchers and professionals who deal with this topic in their routine work, this introduction provides a coherent and rigorous access to the field including relevant methods for practical applications. No preceding knowledge of gas dynamics is assumed.
Raspberry Pi Cookbook: Software and Hardware Problems and Solutions
by Simon MonkWith millions of new users and several new models, the Raspberry Pi ecosystem continues to expand—along with many new questions about the Pi’s capabilities. The third edition of this popular cookbook provides more than 200 hands-on recipes that show you how to run this tiny low-cost computer with Linux; program it with Python; hook it up to sensors, motors, and Arduino boards; and even use it with the internet of things (IoT).Prolific hacker and author Simon Monk also teaches basic principles to help you use new technologies with the Raspberry Pi. This cookbook is ideal for programmers and hobbyists familiar with the Pi through resources such as Getting Started with Raspberry Pi (O’Reilly). Code examples from the book are available on GitHub.Set up your Raspberry Pi and connect to a networkWork with its Linux-based operating systemProgram your Raspberry Pi with PythonGive your Pi "eyes" with computer visionControl hardware through the GPIO connectorUse your Raspberry Pi to run different types of motorsWork with switches, keypads, and other digital inputsUse sensors to measure temperature, light, and distanceConnect to IoT devices in various ways and automate your home
Raspberry Pi Cookbook: Software and Hardware Problems and Solutions
by Simon MonkIf you've started to work with Raspberry Pi, you know that Raspberry Pi's capabilities are continually expanding. The fourth edition of this popular cookbook provides more than 200 hands-on recipes (complete with code) that show you how to run this tiny low-cost computer with Linux, program it with Python, hook it up to sensors and motors, and use it with the internet of things (IoT). This new edition includes new chapters on the Raspberry Pi Pico and machine learning with the Raspberry Pi.These easy-to-use recipes will show you, step-by-step, how to:Set up your Raspberry Pi and connect to a networkWork with its Linux-based operating systemProgram your Raspberry Pi with PythonGive your Pi "eyes" with computer visionRecognize objects from video and sounds using machine learningControl hardware through the GPIO connectorUse your Raspberry Pi to run different types of motorsWork with switches, keypads, and other digital inputsUse sensors to measure temperature, light, and distanceConnect to IoT devices in various ways and automate your homeUse the Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller board with your Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi Projects for Kids: Create an MP3 Player, Mod Minecraft, Hack Radio Waves, and More!
by Dan AldredLearn coding and electronics through 12 original and daring projects that hack wireless signals.The Raspberry Pi is an inexpensive, pocket-sized computer that will help you build and code your own hardware projects.Raspberry Pi Projects for Kids will show you how to harness the power of the Raspberry Pi to create 12 cool projects using simple code and common materials like a webcam, microphone, and LED lights. Step-by-step instructions and detailed diagrams guide you through each project.After a brief introduction to the Python programming language, you'll learn how to: • Create an LED night-light that turns itself on and off • Set up a Raspberry Pi camera to take selfies and videos • Set up a webcam to stream video to your cell phone • Manipulate environments in Minecraft • Hijack local radio waves to play your own songs and recordings • Configure Raspberry Pi to send texts to a cell phone • Track your family members' locations via wi-fi and Bluetooth • Create an MP3 player • Set up a camera to take motion-triggered photos of wildlife • Control the electronics in your home with your cell phone • Teach Raspberry Pi to read aloud posts from your Twitter feed • Play "Rock, Paper, Scissors" against Raspberry PiRaspberry Pi Projects for Kids will deliver hours of fun and endless inspiration!