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A Research Agenda for Geographic Information Science
by E. Lynn Usery Robert B. McMasterA close relationship exists between GIS and numerous applications, including cartography, photogrammetry, geodesy, surveying, computer and information science, and statistics, among others. Scientists coined the term "geographic information science (GIScience)" to describe the theory behind these fields. A Research Agenda for Geographic Information
Research Agenda for Test Methods and Models to Simulate the Accelerated Aging of Infrastructure Materials: Report of a Workshop
by Board On Infrastructure the Constructed EnvironmentThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
Research and Application of Cable-Driven and Rigid Parallel Robots: Development of the 40-meter Scale Model of the FAST (China Sky Eye) Feed Support System
by Xiaoqiang Tang Zhufeng Shao Rui YaoThis book is the first academic monograph on the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST, or China’s ‘sky eye’), which discusses the research on cable-driven and rigid parallel robots in detail. Taking the final scale model of the FAST feed support system as the object, it introduces the theoretical and engineering research on optimal design, accuracy improvement, and control of the cable-driven and rigid parallel robots, striving to clearly illustrate the core technology of the FAST feed support system, as well as the theoretical methodology and engineering technology of cable-driven and rigid parallel mechanisms. The theoretical innovation and technological breakthroughs of the cable-driven and rigid parallel robots directly support the implementation of the feed support system, which is one of the three major innovations of the FAST. This book is geared toward the high-performance development trend of robotics and follows the complete development process of the design, control, and engineering practice of the FAST feed support system. It systematically elaborates the core theories and technologies, such as dynamic modeling, precision analysis, dimension synthesis, vibration suppression control, and inertia matching of cable-driven and rigid parallel robots. This book elaborates on theoretical research and engineering practice, which have significant inspiration and reference effects. It guides readers to gain engineering experience and practical knowledge. The intended readership includes researchers, postgraduate students, undergraduate students, technology enthusiasts, etc.
Research and Application of High-Performance Concrete: Proceedings of 2024 International Conference on Civil Engineering Structures and Concrete Materials (Sustainable Civil Infrastructures)
by Faxing Ding Junjie Zeng Sudharshan N. Raman Xiaomeng HouThis book collects research outcomes related to high-performance concrete as a civil engineering material, providing readers with targeted research experiences and case analyses. From the introduction of Portland cement in the 1920s to the emergence of the water-cement ratio theory in the early 20th century, concrete has become a robust foundation for the rapid development of modern architecture. Due to its advantages and performance superior to traditional natural materials, it has become the primary building material for modern structures. As building heights and design requirements have increased, ordinary concrete can no longer meet modern architectural needs, making high-performance concrete a necessity for engineering projects. Currently, high-performance concrete is primarily produced by altering the water-cement ratio and adding admixtures. With the gradual scarcity of natural aggregates, high-performance concrete can meet safe design standards while reducing resource consumption. Compared to ultra-high-performance concrete, high-performance concrete is currently more suitable for engineering applications and has a more mature and comprehensive production process and applicability.This book includes selected papers from 2024 International Conference on Civil Engineering Structures and Concrete Materials, focusing on the mechanism studies and applications of high-performance concrete. We hope to share the latest research on high-performance concrete with civil engineering materials engineers worldwide, especially studies on fiber-reinforced concrete and high-performance concrete for complex application environments.
Research and Applications in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation
by Alphose ZingoniResearch and Applications in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation contains the Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation (SEMC 2013, Cape Town, South Africa, 2-4 September 2013). Over 420 papers are featured. Many topics are covered, but the contributions may be seen to fall
Research and Development Management
by Tugrul Daim Jisun Kim Kenny PhanThis book introduces readers to essential technology assessment and forecasting tools, demonstrating their use on the basis of multiple cases. As organizations in the high-tech industry need to be able to assess emerging technologies, the book presents cases in which formal decision-making models are developed, providing a framework for decision-making in the context of technology acquisition and development. Applications of different technology forecasting tools are also discussed for a range of technologies and sectors, providing a guide to keep R&D organizations abreast of technological trends that affect their business. As such, the book offers a valuable the theoretical and practical reference guide for R&D managers responsible for emerging and future technologies.
Research and Development of Deck Bridges (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Vincent Kvočák Daniel DubeckýThis book focuses on deck bridges with encased steel beams. The chapters discuss the design process in deck bridges in the past and some current issues regarding the design and construction of this type of bridges, particularly in Slovakia. The theoretical part covers the latest achievements of international endeavours in composite bridge research. The authors provide results on research into structures with encased steel beams, based on experiments carried out solely by the Department of Structural Engineering of the Faculty of Civil Engineering at the Technical University in Kosice. The results obtained are compared with numerical simulations and analytical calculations. The book also contains some information on testing the materials of steel and concrete and their characteristics. Finally, a variety of types of composite action between steel and concrete have been examined and are discussed.
Research and Education: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Global Research and Education (Inter-Academia 2021) (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #422)
by Sergei Khakhomov Igor Semchenko Oleg Demidenko Dmitry KovalenkoThis book contains selected articles presented at the 19th International Conference on Global Research and Education, organized by the Francisk Skorina Gomel State University in Gomel, Belarus, Octoter 20–22, 2021. The areas of focus of the book are modern areas of physics and technology, as well as methods and materials of e-learning and online education. It covers areas as plasma physics, bioengineering, solid state physics, nanoelectronics, photonics, environmental design, compositional structures and metamaterials, robotics and metrology, computer physics, online education and e-learning.
Research and Innovation in Renewable Energy and Environment: Proceedings for 1st International Congress on Research and Innovation in Renewable Energy and Environment (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
by Vitor de Cinque Almeida Katlin Ivon Barrios Eguiluz Giancarlo Richard Salazar Banda Taís Larissa da Silva Hugo Guillermo Jiménez PachecoRenewable energies reduce dependence on fossil fuels and minimize the carbon footprint. Solar panels and wind turbines decrease emissions and costs in the industry. Socially, they benefit disconnected communities, improving quality of life and providing opportunities. Sustainable development seeks equity and social inclusion, driving sustainable energy solutions. Renewable energies promote a prosperous and equitable future, addressing environmental and economic challenges. The energy transition is everyone's responsibility to ensure a greener and brighter tomorrow. On the other hand, environmental biotechnology and marine biology are fundamental to address environmental challenges. Research on treating effluents from the dairy, textile, and mining sectors seeks solutions to reduce water pollution. Industrial waste valorization through biotechnology aims to decrease pollution and resource depletion. The production of bio-products, biomaterials, bioplastics, and biofuels offerssustainable alternatives with a lower carbon footprint. Marine biology focuses on understanding and conserving aquatic ecosystems in the face of climate change and human influence. Biotechnology also contributes to the sustainable use of national biodiversity, with applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. These multidisciplinary fields are advancing towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. The conference proceedings will consist of original research articles, reviews, and short communications covering several types of renewable energies: Solar including photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems, Wind, Hydropower, Biomass-based energy, Geothermal, Waves Energy, Hydrogen, Bioenergy, or energy from biological processes, and fuel cell systems. In addition, studies focused on Environmental Biotechnology, including Bioremediation, Bioenergy Production, Microbial Fuel Cells, Waste Valorization, Microplastic Biodegradation, Biodegradable Materials and Phytoremediation, as well as focused on Marine Biology, including Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Marine Genomics, Ocean Acidification, Marine Ecotoxicology, and Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology. Other environmental areas of research can be also included such as industrial wastewater systems or the development of sustainable solutions for a healthier and more resilient environment.
Research and Practice on the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ)
by Leonid ChechurinThis book clarifies the common misconception that there are no systematic instruments to support ideation, heuristics and creativity. Using a collection of articles from professionals practicing the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), this book presents an overview of current trends and enhancements within TRIZ in an international context, and shows its different roles in enhancing creativity for innovation in research and practice. Since its first introduction by Genrikh Saulovich Altshuller in 1956 in the USSR, the TRIZ method has been widely used by inventors, design engineers and has become a standard element of innovation support tools in many Fortune 500 companies. However, TRIZ has only recently entered the domain of scientific publications and discussion. This collection of articles is meant as a record of scientific discussion on TRIZ that reflects the most interesting talking points, research interests, results and expectations. Topics such as Creative and Inventive Design, Patent Mining, and Knowledge Harvesting are also covered in this book.
Research and Technical Writing for Science and Engineering
by Yi Zeng Meikang Qiu Han QiuEngineering and science research can be difficult for beginners because scientific research is fraught with constraints and disciplines. Research and Technical Writing for Science and Engineering breakdowns the entire process of conducting engineering and scientific research. This book covers those fascinating guidelines and topics on conducting research, as well as how to better interact with your advisor. Key Features: advice on conducting a literature review, conducting experiments, and writing a good paper summarizing your findings. provides a tutorial on how to increase the impact of research and how to manage research resources. By reflecting on the cases discussed in this book, readers will be able to identify specific situations or dilemmas in their own lives, as the authors provide comprehensive suggestions based on their own experiences.
Research and Technology Management in the Electricity Industry: Methods, Tools and Case Studies
by Terry Oliver Jisun Kim Tugrul DaimTechnologies such as renewable energy alternatives including wind, solar and biomass, storage technologies and electric engines are creating a different landscape for the electricity industry. Using sources and ideas from technologies such as renewable energy alternatives, Research and Technology Management in the Electricity Industry explores a different landscape for this industry and applies it to the electric industry supported by real industry cases. Divided into three sections, Research and Technology Management in the Electricity Industry introduces a range of methods and tools including technology assessment, forecasting, roadmapping, research and development portfolio management and technology transfer. These tools are the applied to emerging technologies in this industry with case studies including data from various organizations including Bonneville Power Administration and Energy Trust of Oregon, from sectors including lighting and wind energy. The final section considers innovation through these technologies. A product result of a collaboration between Bonneville Power Administration and Portland State University, Research and Technology Management in the Electricity Industry is a comprehensive collection of methods, tools, examples and pathways for future innovation in the electricity industry.
Research Approaches in Urban Agriculture and Community Contexts (Urban Agriculture)
by Levon T. Esters Amie Patchen Isha DeCoito Neil KnoblochThis book will fill a void in the literature around research and program design and the impact of such experiences on learning outcomes within urban agricultural contexts. In particular, this book will cover topics such as STEM integration, science learning, student engagement, learning gardens and curriculum design.
Research as Development: Biomedical Research, Ethics, and Collaboration in Sri Lanka
by Salla Sariola Robert SimpsonIn Research as Development, Salla Sariola and Bob Simpson show how international collaboration operates in a setting that is typically portrayed as "resource-poor" and "scientifically lagging." Based on their long-term fieldwork in Sri Lanka, Sariola and Simpson bring into clear ethnographic focus the ways international scientific collaborations feature prominently in the pursuit of global health in which research operates "as" development and not merely "for" it. The authors follow the design, inception, and practice of two clinical trials: one a global health charity funded trial and the other a pharmaceutical industry-sponsored trial. Research as Development situates these two trials within their historical, political and cultural contexts and thus counters the idea that local actors are merely passive recipients of new technical and scientific rationalities. While social studies of clinical trials are beginning to be an established niche in academic writing, Research as Development helps fill important gaps in the literature through its examination of clinical research situated in cultures in low-income settings. Research as Development is noteworthy for the way it highlights the critical and creative role that local researchers play in establishing international collaborations and making them work into locally viable forms. The volume shows how these clinical and research interactions bring about changes in culture, technologies and expertise in Sri Lanka, contexts that have not previously been written about in any detail.
Research Developments in Saline Agriculture
by Jagdish Chander Dagar Rajender Kumar Yadav Parbodh Chander SharmaSoil and water salinity is a major challenge for the agricultural community and policy makers in terms of meeting the burgeoning population’s demand for food and other agricultural commodities. In coastal regions, climate change and sea level rise will aggravate the problem with more and more areas becoming saline due to intrusion of sea water. As such there is a pressing need for modern tools and innovative techniques for the identification of salty soils and poor-quality waters, crop production, soil reclamation and lowering the water table in waterlogged areas. Tackling next-generation problems such as contamination of soil and underground water due to fluoride and arsenic, as well as developing multi-stress tolerant crops is also a high priority. Further, techniques for domesticating halophytes, mangrove-based aquacultures, using seaweed cultures as agricultural crops and integrated farming systems need to be perfected. This book addresses all these aspects in detail, highlighting the diverse solutions to tackle the complex problem of salinity and waterlogging and safer management of poor-quality waters. With chapters written by leading experts, it is a valuable resource for researchers planning future investigations, policy makers, farmers and other stakeholders, and for students wanting insights into vital issues of environment.
Research Developments in Sustainable Aviation: Proceedings of International Symposium on Sustainable Aviation 2021 (Sustainable Aviation)
by T. Hikmet Karakoc Siripong Atipan Alper Dalkiran Ali Haydar Ercan Navatasn Kongsamutr Vis SripawadkulSustainable aviation is a long-term strategy aimed at providing innovative solutions to the challenges facing the aviation industry. The International Symposium on Sustainable Aviation is a multi-disciplinary symposium that presents research on current sustainability-based issues and future trends in the field of aviation from an economic, social, and environmental perspective. The conference provides a platform offering insights on a broad range of current issues in aviation, such as improving aircraft fuel efficiency, fostering the use of biofuels, minimizing environmental impact, mitigating GHG emissions, and reducing engine and airframe noise. ISSA allows researchers, scientists, engineers, practitioners, policymakers, and students to exchange information, present new technologies and developments, and discuss future direction, strategies, and priorities in aviation and sustainability.
Research & Education in Design: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Research and Education in Design (REDES 2019), November 14-15, 2019, Lisbon, Portugal
by Rita AlmendraDesign is about the creation of meaningful connections to solve problems and advance human wellbeing; the discipline has always explored the beneficial links between form and function, technology and meaning, beauty and utility, people and artefacts and problems and solutions, among others. This book focuses on the crucial connection between design research and design education. Contemporary society grows increasingly hyper-complex and globally competitive. This state of affairs raises fundamental questions for both Design Education and Design Research: Should research skills be integrated into undergraduate courses? How can we modify design courses without compromising the positive aspects of the educational studio experience? Can the three cycles of higher education in design be combined into a creative and inquisitive educational continuum? To examine the relationship between research and education in Design we must address the topic of knowledge, keeping in mind that the development and dissemination of new and useful knowledge is the core purpose of a University. If we agree that design has its own things to know and ways to find out about them, then design knowledge resides in people, processes, products, and philosophy. This book explores the intersection of these four areas with the aim of uncovering insights to advance the current state of the design discipline.
Research Ethics:
by Gary ComstockEducation in the responsible conduct of research typically takes the form of online instructions about rules, regulations, and policies. Research Ethics takes a novel approach and emphasizes the art of philosophical decision-making. Part A introduces egoism and explains that it is in the individuals own interest to avoid misconduct, fabrication of data, plagiarism and bias. Part B explains contractualism and covers issues of authorship, peer review and responsible use of statistics. Part C introduces moral rights as the basis of informed consent, the use of humans in research, mentoring, intellectual property and conflicts of interests. Part D uses two-level utilitarianism to explore the possibilities and limits of the experimental use of animals, duties to the environment and future generations, and the social responsibilities of researchers. This book represents a fresh approach to research ethics. It will engage the moral imaginations of graduate students in all disciplines.
Research for Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
by Robert Davidson Euclid Seeram Andrew England Mark F. McEnteeThis book addresses essential principles of research according to the scientific method for medical imaging technology research. The scope of this book covers the nature of scientific research; quantitative and qualitative approaches essentials; research planning; literature review fundamentals; research methods; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; and communicating research findings. The book meets the educational requirements on Research Principles and Concepts (for entry to practice) of the following professional radiologic technology associations: the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT), the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists (CAMRT), the College of Radiographers in the United Kingdom, and radiography societies and associations in Asia, Australia, Europe, and Africa. This is an ideal book for radiologic technologists, nuclear medicine technologists, and radiation therapists seeking to get started in research in their profession. Additionally, biomedical imaging engineering technologists, radiologists, and medical imaging physicists may use this as a “guiding principles” textbook.
Research Frontiers in Bioinspired Energy
by Committee on Research Frontiers in Bioinspired EnergyIn May 2007, the National Academies Chemical Sciences Roundtable held a public workshop on the topic of Bioinspired Chemistry for Energy, where government, academic, and industry representatives discussed promising research developments in solar-generated fuels, hydrogen-processing enzymes, artificial photosynthetic systems, and biological-based fuel cells. Workshop participants identified the need for a follow-up activity that would explore bioinspired energy processes in more depth and involve a wider array of disciplines as speakers and participants. Particularly, workshop participants stressed the importance of holding a workshop that would include more researchers from the biological sciences and engineering, as well as those involved in technological advances that enable progress in understanding these systems. Building upon the 2007 workshop, the National Academies Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology convened the Committee on Research Frontiers in Bioinspired Energy to organize a second workshop in 2011 which, according to the statement of task, would explore the molecular-level frontiers of energy processes in nature through an interactive, multidisciplinary, and public format. Specifically, the committee was charged to feature invited presentations and include discussion of key biological energy capture, storage, and transformation processes; gaps in knowledge and barriers to transitioning the current state of knowledge into applications; and underdeveloped research opportunities that might exist beyond disciplinary boundaries. Research Frontiers in Bioinspired Energy is an account of what occurred at the 2011 workshop, and does not attempt to present any consensus findings or recommendations of the workshop participants. It summarizes the views expressed by workshop participants, and while the committee is responsible for the overall quality and accuracy of the report as a record of what transpired at the workshop, the views contained in the report are not necessarily those of the committee.
Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses: 21st International Symposium, RAID 2018, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, September 10-12, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11050)
by Michael Bailey Thorsten Holz Manolis Stamatogiannakis Sotiris IoannidisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses, RAID 2018, held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, in September 2018.The 32 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 145 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: attacks; intrusion detection and prevention; DDoS attacks; passwords, accounts, and users; machine learning for computer security; hardware-assisted security; software security; malware; IoT/CPS security; security measurements; and defenses.
Research in Building Physics: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Building Physics, Leuven, Belgium, 14-18 September 2003
by J. Carmeliet, H. Hens & G. VermeirThis text provides a broad view of the research performed in building physics at the start of the 21st century. The focus of this conference was on combined heat and mass flow in building components, performance-based design of building enclosures, energy use in buildings, sustainable construction, users' comfort and health, and the urban micro-climate.
Research in Building Physics and Building Engineering: 3rd International Conference in Building Physics (Montreal, Canada, 27-31 August 2006)
by Paul Fazio; Hua Ge; Jiwu Rao; Guylaine DesmaraisBuildings influence people. They account for one third of energy consumption across the globe and represent an annual capital expenditure of 7%-10% of GNP in industrialized countries. Their lifetime operation costs can exceed capital investment. Building Engineering aims to make buildings more efficient, safe and economical. One branch of this discipline, Building Physics/Science, has gained prominence, with a heightened awareness of such phenomena as sick buildings, the energy crisis and sustainability, and considering the performance of buildings in terms of climatic loads and indoor conditions. The book reflects the advanced level and high quality of research which Building Engineering, and Building Physics/Science in particular, have reached at the beginning of the twenty-first century. It will be a valuable resource to: engineers, architects, building scientists, consultants on the building envelope, researchers and graduate students.
Research in Computer Science in the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Studies in Computational Intelligence #934)
by Krassimir T. AtanassovThis book is a collection of papers devoted to the emergence and development in Bulgarian Academy of Sciences of some of the areas of informatics, including artificial intelligence. The papers are prepared by specialists from the Academy, some of whom are among the founders of these scientific and application areas in Bulgaria and in some cases – in the world. The book is interesting for specialists in informatics and computer science and researchers in history of sciences.
Research in Intelligent and Computing in Engineering: Select Proceedings of RICE 2020 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #1254)
by Raghvendra Kumar Nguyen Ho Quang Vijender Kumar Solanki Manuel Cardona Prasant Kumar PattnaikThis book comprises select peer-reviewed proceedings of the international conference on Research in Intelligent and Computing in Engineering (RICE 2020) held at Thu Dau Mot University, Vietnam. The volume primarily focuses on latest research and advances in various computing models such as centralized, distributed, cluster, grid, and cloud computing. Practical examples and real-life applications of wireless sensor networks, mobile ad hoc networks, and internet of things, data mining and machine learning are also covered in the book. The contents aim to enable researchers and professionals to tackle the rapidly growing needs of network applications and the various complexities associated with them.