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Ship Sanitation, Health and Hygiene: An Approach to Better Welfare for Modern Seafarers (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Fidaa KarkoriThis book has been written to account for improvements in the regulatory regime for shipboard health, safety and welfare. It considers the various regulations and statutory requirements for sanitation, the provision of potable and non-drinkable water, food and provisions, disease and infectious transfer, management of vectors and general health and safety onboard modern merchant and cruise ships.
Ship Sensors: Conventional, Unmanned and Autonomous
by R. Glenn WrightWhen combined with artificial intelligence, advanced computing architectures and enhanced communications, sensor technologies can monitor vessel performance and the adjacent environment to detect conditions that may hinder voyage completion. This book provides insight into the present and future of sensor architectures and configurations that can enhance vessel performance and further improve the safety of navigation. It covers topics such as traditional and expanded sensor functions in engineering and navigation, as well as new sensor capabilities that can provide greater insight into vessel behavior and performance and enhance awareness of passenger, crew and other human activities. Chapters offer background information on typical legacy vessel sensor configurations and current International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements for onboard sensors and future regulatory trends before discussing modern sensors and current- generation “smart” sensors that provide enhanced situational awareness to watchstanders. A vision of next- generation sensors currently being investigated for shipboard use is provided along with long- term trends in quantum sensing and computing that promise radical change across a wide variety of vessel functions. Insight is also given into cybersecurity factors so essential to all sensor systems. Ship Sensors: Conventional, Unmanned and Autonomous is ideal for professional seafarers, maritime academics and university students, and developers of maritime sensors and systems.
Ship-Shaped Offshore Installations
by Jeom Kee Paik Anil Kumar ThayamballiShip-shaped offshore units are some of the more economical systems for the development of offshore oil and gas, and are often preferred in marginal fields. These systems are especially attractive to develop oil and gas fields in deep and ultra-deep water areas and remote locations away from existing pipeline infrastructures. Recently, the ship-shaped offshore units have been applied to near shore oil and gas terminals. This 2007 text is an ideal reference on the technologies for design, building and operation of ship-shaped offshore units, within inevitable space requirements. The book includes a range of topics, from the initial contracting strategy to decommissioning and the removal of the units concerned. Coverage includes both fundamental theory and principles of the individual technologies. This book will be useful to students who will be approaching the subject for the first time as well as designers working on the engineering for ship-shaped offshore installations.
Ship Vibration 1: Vibration Analysis Methods for Vessels (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Fidaa KarkoriIt is universally recognised and accepted that overall ship vibration as an important measure to ensure the habitability, safety and functionality of marine vessels. This book examines the causes and effects of ship vibration to provide users with specific guidance on the design, analysis, measurement procedures and criteria in order to achieve the goal of limiting the ship vibration to an acceptable level. This Book 1 considers the design and construction of the hull, superstructure, and deckhouse of a steel vessel based on all applicable requirements of established classification society (Class) rules. Specifically, for container carriers over 130 metres in length, the Class rules require the consideration of vibratory responses of hull structures, as applicable. For LNG carriers, the Class rules require special attention to the possible collapse of the tank membrane due to hull vibration. For ship-type floating production units with spread mooring, the rules relating to the building and classing of facilities for offshore installations require the flare tower/boom and hull natural frequencies to be separated to avoid resonance or near resonance. This book should be read in conjunction with Book 2, Propulsion Shaft Alignment, which considers the effect of propulsion shaft vibrations. This book provides practical guidelines on the concept design to assist ship designers to avoid excessive shipboard vibration at an early design stage. These guidelines also assist with the finite element analysis (FEA) based vibration analysis procedure to calculate the vibration response and evaluate the design at detail design stage. The analysis procedure represents the current analysis practice used by Class. These guidelines also offer guidelines on the vibration measurement procedure at sea trials and the acceptance criteria on vibration limits based on international maritime industry standards
Ship Vibration 2: Propulsion Shafting Alignment (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Fidaa KarkoriWorking and living onboard vessels imposes a series of generally low-frequency mechanical vibrations as well as single-impulse shock loads on the human body. Also, exposure to noise is characteristic aboard vessels. Low-frequency vibrations are created by vessel motions, which are produced by the various sea states in conjunction with vessel speed and point of sail. These motions can result in motion sickness, body instability, interruptions of task performance, sleep interruption and fatigue, increased health risk aggravated by shock loads due to slam and reduced human efficiency. Higher-frequency vibration influences comfort and is often associated with rotating machinery. The imposition of higher frequency vibrations (about 1 to 80 Hz) induces corresponding motions and forces within the human body creating discomfort and reduced human efficiency. With regard to noise, the above can similarly affect exposed humans, notably with sleep interruption and resulting fatigue, discomfort, and reduced efficiency. Also of concern are transient and permanent hearing loss, masking of audible signals, and interruption of speech communication. The concerns related to levels and characteristics of noise and vibration are covered in these two books which are related to habitability on ships and offshore structures. The purpose of this Book 2 is to provide clarification for Class Surveyors and plan review engineers to verify consistency of the survey and plan approval processes. Regarding the shaft alignment design and implementation efforts by the shipbuilding industry, this book is designed to further advance the technical approach towards shaft alignment analyses and procedures. The book is arranged to include topics on shaft alignment condition monitoring and a section dedicated to alignment problems and their solutions. Shaft alignment survey requirements are summarised in the introduction and are addressed further under a separate chapter on shaft alignment procedures and practices. Discussion on alignment calculation and measurement is expanded on to include the stern tube bearing clearance measurement. Additional clarification is provided on the application of the hull deflections, alignment optimisation, propulsion systems with no forward stern tube bearing, and reverse engineering calculations.
Ship Vibration 3: Noise and Vibration Control for Inhabited Ships Spaces (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Fidaa KarkoriWorking and living onboard vessels imposes a series of generally low-frequency mechanical vibrations as well as single-impulse shock loads on the human body. Also, exposure to noise is characteristic aboard vessels. Low-frequency vibrations are created by vessel motions, which are produced by the various sea states in conjunction with vessel speed and point of sail. These motions can result in motion sickness, body instability, interruptions of task performance, sleep interruption and fatigue, increased health risk aggravated by shock loads due to slam and reduced human efficiency. Higher-frequency vibration influences comfort and is often associated with rotating machinery. The imposition of higher frequency vibrations (about 1 to 80 Hz) induces corresponding motions and forces within the human body creating discomfort and reduced human efficiency. With regard to noise, the above can similarly affect exposed humans, notably with sleep interruption and resulting fatigue, discomfort, and reduced efficiency. Also of concern are transient and permanent hearing loss, masking of audible signals, and interruption of speech communication. The concerns related to levels and characteristics of noise and vibration are covered in this and the other titles in the series related to ship vibration and noise control. be granted any of the associated habitability notations, specific noise and vibration criteria must be met. Ship designers in pursuit of these notations often request guidance on how to control levels of noise and vibration in inhabited spaces. As a result, this book has been written. The information presented in this book is intended for guidance only to support vessel designers and operators in controlling vessel noise and vibration in the general case, and more specifically in meeting the requirements of classification society habitability rules.
Ship Vibration 4: Slamming Loads and Strength Assessment (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Fidaa KarkoriThis book describes a slamming strength assessment procedure for vessels. Typically, there are three types of slamming loads on commercial vessels: bottom slamming, bow flare slamming, and stern slamming depending upon the hull geometry at the bow and stern. Upon verifying compliance with the requirements in this book, optional notations may be assigned to the vessel. A fundamental requirement of Class is that the scantlings of the hull structure are to be in accordance with the criteria as specified by Class. The results of this book are therefore not to be used to reduce the basic scantlings obtained from the application of the Class rules. That is, if the results from this book indicate the need to increase any basic scantlings, the increased scantlings are to be implemented above the Class Rule requirements.
Shipboard Electrical Power Systems
by Mukund R. PatelThe second edition of Shipboard Electrical Power Systems addresses new developments in this rapidly growing field. Focusing on the industry trend toward electric propulsion for cruise, navy, and commercial ships, the book aids new or experienced engineers in mastering the cutting-edge technologies required for power system design, control, protection, and economic use of power. Covering the latest emission standards on ships, and the clean power technologies necessary to meet such stringent regulations, the book compiles essential information on power system design, analysis and operation, uniquely bringing all three together under one cover. Beginning by covering power system basics, the book goes on to detail power generation, electrical machines and batteries, with new chapters on electric propulsion, shipboard emission regulations, and clean power technologies. Updated throughout to reflect this rapidly changing field, the second edition clearly explains complicated electrical concepts using mechanical and hydraulic analogies to aid marine engineers in understanding difficult elements of the field. The book is an indispensable resource for well-rounded engineering students and professional engineers. This textbook is essential reading for students of marine engineering, electrical power systems, and electrical engineering, alongside engineers working on commercial and navy ships, on ports, on land, and offshore rigs.
Shipboard Operations
by H I LaveryThis book covers the knowledge of shipboard operations required by candidates for professional qualification as Chief Officer and Master Mariner. It deals with the basic routines and procedures, and the many regulations governing their use, for the safe and efficient operation of merchant ships. The book is also designated a fundamental text for the Maritime Transport paper of the Chartered Institute of Transport's membership examinations. The second edition takes into account recent developments in technology and regulation, and in particular covers major international legislation on Safety of Life at Sea and on Maritime Pollution as well as recent UK regulations on occupational health and safety and on operation of ro-ro ferries.
Shipboard Power Systems Design and Verification Fundamentals
by Mohammed M. IslamThe only book that covers fundamental shipboard design and verification concepts from individual devices to the system level Shipboard electrical system design and development requirements are fundamentally different from utility-based power generation and distribution requirements. Electrical engineers who are engaged in shipbuilding must understand various design elements to build both safe and energy-efficient power distribution systems. This book covers all the relevant technologies and regulations for building shipboard power systems, which include commercial ships, naval ships, offshore floating platforms, and offshore support vessels. In recent years, offshore floating platforms have been frequently discussed in exploring deep-water resources such as oil, gas, and wind energy. This book presents step-by-step shipboard electrical system design and verification fundamentals and provides information on individual electrical devices and practical design examples, along with ample illustrations to back them. In addition, Shipboard Power Systems Design and Verification Fundamentals: Presents real-world examples and supporting drawings for shipboard electrical system design Includes comprehensive coverage of domestic and international rules and regulations (e.g. IEEE 45, IEEE 1580) Covers advanced devices such as VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) in detail This book is an important read for all electrical system engineers working for shipbuilders and shipbuilding subcontractors, as well as for power engineers in general.
Shipboard Propulsion, Power Electronics, and Ocean Energy
by Mukund PatelShipboard Propulsion, Power Electronics, and Ocean Energy fills the need for a comprehensive book that covers modern shipboard propulsion and the power electronics and ocean energy technologies that drive it. With a breadth and depth not found in other books, it examines the power electronics systems for ship propulsion and for extracting ocean ene
Shipbreaking: Hazards and Liabilities
by Michael GalleyMost of the world's redundant ships are scrapped on the beaches of the Indian sub-continent, largely by hand. As well as cargo residues and wastes, ships contain high levels of hazardous materials that are released into the surrounding ecology when scrapped. The scrapping process is labour-intensive and largely manual; injuries and death are commonplace. Ship breaking was a relatively obscure industry until the late 1990s. In just 12 years, action by environmental NGOs has led to the ratification of an international treaty targeting the extensive harm to human and environmental health arising from this heavy, polluting industry; it has also produced important case law. Attempts to regulate the industry via the Basel Convention have resulted in a strong polarization of opinion as to its applicability and various international guidelines have also failed because of their voluntary nature. The adoption of the Hong Kong Convention in 2009 was a serious attempt to introduce international controls to this industry.
Shipbuilding Management
by George BruceThis book highlights the main features of shipbuilding management which lead to successful completion of shipbuilding projects. A brief review of the market context for the industry, its historical development are given to explain how shipbuilding arrived at its current structure. First pre-production including design, planning, cost estimating, procurement of materials and sub-contracting. Then, the production sequence outlines part preparation, hull assembly and construction, outfitting and painting, testing and completion. The importance of human resources and management organisation are explained. Building a ship is a complex project, so the principles of project management are described, first in general terms and then with specific reference to their application in shipbuilding. Finally managing the progress of a shipbuilding project and achieving completion are emphasised.
Shipping and Logistics Management
by Tai Chiu Cheng Yuen Ha Lun Kee Hung LaiShipping and Logistics Management serves to consolidate the knowledge its authors have acquired from being educators and observers of the shipping industry. Against the background of a global business environment, it explains how the shipping market functions, examining the strategic and operational issues that affect entrepreneurs in this industry. The authors discuss global trends and strategies in the shipping business, looking at the role of logistics service providers and at how the use of information technology can help shipping operations. Shipping and Logistics Management also aims to answer several important questions in the shipping industry, including: what are the shipping cost structures?, what are the patterns of sea transport? and how do companies in the shipping industry operate? An invaluable source of information for researchers and advanced, or graduate, students, Shipping and Logistics Management is also a useful reference for shipping practitioners and consultants.
Shipping and Logistics Management (Shipping And Transport Logistics Ser.)
by Dong Yang Y. H. Lun Kee-hung Lai T. C. ChengThis book explains global trends and strategies in the shipping business, looking at the role of logistics service providers and at how information technology can help shipping operations. It also introduces best practices and advice that will allow professionals to improve the management of shipping and logistics activities. The book consists of sections examining shipping and trade, business strategies for shipping, intermodal container transport operations, and ports. This new edition adds a new fifth section with four new chapters that discusses contemporary issues in shipping. The new chapters are related to risk management in shipping, shipping security and safety, environmental and social sustainability, and a review of new technologies in the shipping industry and their future potential. An invaluable source of information for researchers and advanced, or graduate, students, Shipping and Logistics Management is also a useful reference for shipping practitioners and consultants.
Ships and the Development of Maritime Technology on the Indian Ocean (Routledge Indian Ocean Series)
by David Parkin Ruth BarnesRecognising the fundamental role both of shipping communities and the technologies crafted and shared by them, this book explores the types of ships, methods of navigation and modes of water-borne trade in the Indian Ocean region and the way they affected the development of distinctive settlements against a changing but strong sense of regional consciousness and identity.
Ship’s Ballast Water Analysis: Microfluidic Technology in Algae Analysis
by Yongxin Song Junyan Zhang Mengqi Li Ming Li Xiangchun Xuan Na LiThe International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments mandates ships undertake ballast water treatment to reduce, remove or kill organisms of concern before being allowed to discharge their water. This book introduces technologies and devices that are used for the analysis of treated ballast water. Emphasis is placed on the separation, manipulation, detection, counting, and sizing of microalgae in a microfluidic chip which shows great potential for developing miniatured analysis devices.Features: Introduces technologies and devices related to analysis of treated ballast water. Identifies the need for reliable devices to monitor viable organisms in treated ship’s ballast waters. Covers recent research in microfluidics-based cell sorting and developments of lab-on-chip devices. Addresses requirements of the Convention to be implemented by 2024. Reviews electric and optical-based methods for organism counting, sizing, and viability differentiation. This book is aimed at researchers and professionals in marine engineering, ocean technology, environmental engineering, and microfluidics.
Shipwreck: A History of Disasters at Sea
by Sam WillisShipwrecks have captured our imagination for centuries. Here acclaimed historian Sam Willis traces the astonishing tales of ships that have met with disastrous ends, along with theensuing acts of courage, moments of sacrifice and episodes of villainy that inevitably occurred in the extreme conditions. Many were freak accidents, and their circumstances so extraordinary that they inspired literature--the ramming of the Essex by a sperm whale was immortalized in Herman Melville's Moby Dick. Some symbolize colossal human tragedy: including the legendary Titanic whose maiden voyage famously went from pleasure cruise to epic catastrophe. From the Kyrenia ship of 300 BC to the Mary Rose, through to the Kursk submarine tragedy of 2000, this is a thrilling work of narrative history from one of our most talented young historians.
The Shipwreck Hunter: A Lifetime Of Extraordinary Discoveries On The Ocean Floor
by David L. MearnsThis gripping memoir by the world’s foremost marine geologist is an enthralling blend of maritime history, popular science, and Clive Cussler–style adventure. David L. Mearns has discovered some of the world’s most fascinating and elusive shipwrecks. From the mighty battleship HMS Hood (sunk in a pyrrhic duel with the Bismarck) to solving the mystery of HMAS Sydney, to the crumbling wooden skeletons of Vasco da Gama’s sixteenth century fleet, Mearns has searched for and found dozens of sunken vessels in every ocean of the world. The Shipwreck Hunter chronicles his most intriguing finds. It describes the extraordinary techniques used, the detailed research and mid-ocean stamina (and courage) required to find a wreck thousands of feet beneath the sea, as well as the moving human stories that lie behind each of these oceanic tragedies. Combining the adventuring derringdo of Indiana Jones with the precision of a scientist, The Shipwreck Hunter opens an illuminating porthole into the shadowy depths of the ocean.
Shivers Down Your Spine: Cinema, Museums, and the Immersive View (Film and Culture Series)
by Alison GriffithsFrom the architectural spectacle of the medieval cathedral and the romantic sublime of the nineteenth-century panorama to the techno-fetishism of today's London Science Museum, humans have gained a deeper understanding of the natural world through highly illusionistic representations that engender new modes of seeing, listening, and thinking. What unites and defines many of these wondrous spaces is an immersive view-an invitation to step inside the virtual world of the image and become a part of its universe, if only for a short time.Since their inception, museums of science and natural history have mixed education and entertainment, often to incredible, eye-opening effect. Immersive spaces of visual display and modes of exhibition send "shivers" down our spines, engaging the distinct cognitive and embodied mapping skills we bring to spectacular architecture and illusionistic media. They also force us to reconsider traditional models of film spectatorship in the context of a mobile and interactive spectator. Through a series of detailed historical case studies, Alison Griffiths masterfully explores the uncanny and unforgettable visceral power of the medieval cathedral, the panorama, the planetarium, the IMAX theater, and the science museum. Examining these structures as exemplary spaces of immersion and interactivity, Griffiths reveals the sometimes surprising antecedents of modern media forms, suggesting the spectator's deep-seated desire to become immersed in a virtual world. Shivers Down Your Spine demonstrates how immersive and interactive museum display techniques such as large video displays, reconstructed environments, and touch-screen computer interactives have redefined the museum space, fueling the opposition between public and private, science and spectacle, civic and corporate interests, voice and text, and life and death. In her remarkable study of sensual spaces, Griffiths explains why, for centuries, we keep coming back for more.
Shoaling with Fish: Using Miniature Robotic Agents to Close the Interaction Loop with Groups of Zebrafish Danio rerio (Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics #131)
by Frank Bonnet Francesco MondadaRobotic animals are nowadays developed for various types of research, such as bio-inspired robotics, biomimetics and animal behavior studies. More specifically, in the case of collective animal behavior research, the robotic device can interact with animals by generating and exploiting signals relevant for social behavior. Once perceived by the animal society as conspecific, these robots can become powerful tools to study the animal behaviors, as they can at the same time monitor the changes in behavior and influence the collective choices of the animal society.In this book, we present novel robotized tools that can integrate shoals of fish in order to study their collective behaviors. We used the current state of the art on the zebrafish social behavior to define the specifications of the robots, and we performed stimuli analysis to improve their developments. Bio-inspired controllers were designed based on data extracted from experiments with zebrafish for the robots to mimic the zebrafish locomotion underwater. Experiments involving mixed groups of fish and robots qualified the robotic system to be integrated among a zebrafish shoal and to be able to influence the collective decisions of the fish. These results are very promising for the field of animal-robot interaction studies, as we showed the effect of the robots in long-duration experiments and repetitively, with the same order of response from the animals.
Shock and Materials: Modification And Synthesis Under High-pressure Shock Compression (Shock Wave And High Pressure Phenomena Ser.)
by Stepan S. BatsanovThis book highlights how the properties and structure of materials are affected by dynamic high pressures generated by explosions, projectile impacts, laser compression, electric discharge or ball milling. Starting with the basics of shock-wave physics and an outline of experimental techniques, it then surveys dynamic compressibility and equations of state of various substances, phase transitions and syntheses of novel compounds under shock. It covers various industrial applications including hardening of metals and grinding (fragmentation) of solids, saturation of solids with defects for use as catalysts, production of superhard materials (synthetic diamond, BN (boron nitride)) and nanomaterials, especially nanodiamond, and discusses state-of-the-art techniques such as combining dynamic and static compression to obtain monolithic materials.
A Shock-Fitting Primer (Chapman & Hall/CRC Applied Mathematics & Nonlinear Science)
by Manuel D. SalasA defining feature of nonlinear hyperbolic equations is the occurrence of shock waves. While the popular shock-capturing methods are easy to implement, shock-fitting techniques provide the most accurate results. A Shock-Fitting Primer presents the proper numerical treatment of shock waves and other discontinuities. The book begins by recounting the events that lead to our understanding of the theory of shock waves and the early developments related to their computation. After presenting the main shock-fitting ideas in the context of a simple scalar equation, the author applies Colombeau’s theory of generalized functions to the Euler equations to demonstrate how the theory recovers well-known results and to provide an in-depth understanding of the nature of jump conditions. He then extends the shock-fitting concepts previously discussed to the one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional Euler equations as well as two-dimensional flows. The final chapter explores existing and future developments in shock-fitting methods within the framework of unstructured grid methods.Throughout the text, the techniques developed are illustrated with numerous examples of varying complexity. On the accompanying downloadable resources, MATLAB® codes serve as concrete examples of how to implement the ideas discussed in the book.
Shock Focusing Phenomena: High Energy Density Phenomena And Dynamics Of Converging Shocks (Shock Wave And High Pressure Phenomena Ser.)
by Veronica Eliasson Nicholas ApazidisOne of the main reasons for continuing interest in shock focusing is its ability to concentrate energy in a small volume and produce extreme temperatures and pressures in fluids in a controlled laboratory environment. The phenomenon of shock wave focusing leading to extreme conditions in fluids during micro- and nanosecond time intervals is a spectacular example of mechanics at small length and time scales revealing the major properties of shock dynamics including high-temperature gas phenomena. Production of high-energy concentrations in gases and fluids with star-like temperatures and extreme pressures by means of a stable imploding shock is of great interest not only in its own right but also because of the connection to a multitude of phenomena in nature, technology and medicine.
Shock-Induced Chemistry (Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena)
by Toshimori SekineThis book begins with the history and background of the subject and then describes key experimental methods. Subsequent chapters are devoted to individual topics of chemistry and materials, namely, synthesis of hard materials, ceramics at high pressure, shock-induced chemical operations, biomolecules, meteorites, and metals and molecules under extreme conditions. Lastly, it offers applications to earth and planetary science and ends with future perspectives. Shock waves dynamically produce high pressure and temperature conditions and offer interesting areas for studies on unique chemical reactions. This book introduces readers to modern shock-induced chemistry and its applications and provides an update of topics in that discipline. Readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of current shock-induced chemistry and its versatile applications.