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Topological Transformations for Efficient Structural Analysis
by Ali KavehThe author has published many papers and books on topological transformations for optimal analysis of structures, where many methods and algorithms are developed. However, the framework of this book generalizes many concepts and makes the previously developed methods conceptually more attractive. The aim of the present work is two folds. On the one hand, it shows to mathematicians how the apparently pure mathematical concepts can be applied to the efficient solution of problems in structural mechanics. On the other hand, it illustrates to engineers the important role of mathematical concepts for the solution of engineering problems. The present framework provides efficient means for looking at problems and developing ideas by transforming the models (structures, networks, systems) to other spaces (higher dimension, lower dimension, or identical dimension) to simplify the problems.This book is attractive for those who look at the deeper aspects of concepts and helps the reader to develop his/her own ideas. In general, it opens a new horizon for improving the existing methods in civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering.
The Topological Weighted Centroid: Theory and Applications (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1095)
by Massimo Buscema Masoud Asadi-Zeydabadi Giulia Massini Weldon A. Lodwick Marco Breda Riccardo Petritoli Francis Newman Francesca Della TorreThis book introduces the Topological Weighed Centroid approach and describes some applications in the study of the dynamics of various spatial phenomena with a special emphasis on the spatial analysis of the relationship, influence, and dynamics of geographical phenomena. Offering a comprehensive introduction to the theory and illustrative examples from various kinds of geographical data, this book also takes an in-depth look at more complex case studies, such as the applications of the topological weighed centroid approach in the study of epidemic patterns, cultural processes, criminality, and environmental phenomena.
Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics: First International Workshop, TGI3 2024, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2024, Marrakesh, Morocco, October 10, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15239)
by Chao Chen Yash Singh Xiaoling HuThis book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics, TGI3 2024, held in conjunction with the 27th International conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2024, in Marrakesh, Morocco in October 2024. The 13 full papers presented here were carefully reviewed and selected. These papers focus on the application of Topological Data Analysis (TDA) techniques, along with other computational techniques, for summarizing, analyzing, quantifying, and visualizing complex medical data for a more effective and efficient analysis.
Topology-Based Modeling of Textile Structures and Their Joint Assemblies: Principles, Algorithms And Limitations
by Yordan KyosevThis book presents the textile-, mathematical and mechanical background for the modelling of fiber based structures such as yarns, braided and knitted textiles. The hierarchical scales of these textiles and the structural elements at the different levels are analysed and the methods for their modelling are presented. The author reports about problems, methods and algorithms and possible solutions from his twenty year experience in the modelling and software development of CAD for textiles.
Topology Deduction and Control for Dual-Active-Bridge Converters
by Guo Xu Xiaoying ChenThis book provides a comprehensive review and classification for dual active bridge DC-DC converters. Based on the unified topology architecture of the dual active bridge DC-DC converters, the topologies derivation law is studied and new converter topologies are deducted correspondingly. Several novel converters are provided to illustrate different topology modification methods, including modified IO types, modified active bridges, modified transformers, adding auxiliary high-frequency networks, and modular topology structure. Meanwhile, the control optimization and the parameter design of the novel converters are also investigated.
Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms
by Xianmin Zhang Benliang ZhuThis book covers various topics regarding the design of compliant mechanisms using topology optimization that have attracted a great deal of attention in recent decades. After comprehensively describing state-of-the-art methods for designing compliant mechanisms, it provides a new topology optimization method for finding new flexure hinges. It then presents several attempts to obtain distributed compliant mechanisms using the topology optimization method. Further, it discusses a Jacobian-based topology optimization method for compliant parallel mechanisms, and introduces readers to the topology optimization of compliant mechanisms, taking into account geometrical nonlinearity and reliability. Providing a systematic method for topology optimization of flexure hinges, which are essential for designing compliant mechanisms, the book offers a valuable resource for all readers who are interested in designing compliant mechanism-based positioning stages. In addition, the methods for solving the de facto hinges in topology optimized compliant mechanisms will benefit all engineers seeking to design micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) structures.
Tops und Flops, Mythen und Hypes im automobilen Marketing
by Armin SchirmerDas Buch analysiert und pointiert Tops und Flops im Marketing der Automobilindustrie sowie aktuelle Mythen und Hypes von der Klimawende über die Verkehrswende bis zu Carsharing und dem ‚Purpose‘ von Automobilunternehmen. Dies erfolgt zum einen auf wissenschaftlicher Basis mit aktuellen Daten und Fakten, zum anderen ist das Buch meinungsstark und nennt bekannte Beispiele beim Namen. Zahlreiche Fotos, Abbildungen und Tabellen machen das Ganze anschaulich.
TOPSIS and its Extensions: A Distance-Based MCDM Approach (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #447)
by Hsu-Shih Shih David L. OlsonThe objective of the book is to provide materials to demonstrate the development of TOPSIS and to serve as a handbook. It contains the basic process of TOPSIS, numerous variant processes, property explanations, theoretical developments, and illustrative examples with real-world cases. Possible readers would be graduate students, researchers, analysts, and professionals who are interested in TOPSIS, a distance-based algorithm, and who would like to compare TOPSIS with other MCDM methods. The book serves as a research reference as well as a self-learning book with step-by-step illustrations for the MCDM community.
Tor: From the Dark Web to the Future of Privacy
by Ben CollierA biography of Tor—a cultural and technological history of power, privacy, and global politics at the internet's core.Tor, one of the most important and misunderstood technologies of the digital age, is best known as the infrastructure underpinning the so-called Dark Web. But the real &“dark web,&” when it comes to Tor, is the hidden history brought to light in this book: where this complex and contested infrastructure came from, why it exists, and how it connects with global power in intricate and intimate ways. In Tor: From the Dark Web to the Future of Privacy, Ben Collier has written, in essence, a biography of Tor—a cultural and technological history of power, privacy, politics, and empire in the deepest reaches of the internet.The story of Tor begins in the 1990s with its creation by the US Navy&’s Naval Research Lab, from a convergence of different cultural worlds. Drawing on in-depth interviews with designers, developers, activists, and users, along with twenty years of mailing lists, design documents, reporting, and legal papers, Collier traces Tor&’s evolution from those early days to its current operation on the frontlines of global digital power—including the strange collaboration between US military scientists and a group of freewheeling hackers called the Cypherpunks. As Collier charts the rise and fall of three different cultures in Tor&’s diverse community—the engineers, the maintainers, and the activists, each with a distinct understanding of and vision for Tor—he reckons with Tor&’s complicated, changing relationship with contemporary US empire. Ultimately, the book reveals how different groups of users have repurposed Tor and built new technologies and worlds of their own around it, with profound implications for the future of the Internet.
The Tornado Scientist: Seeing Inside Severe Storms (Scientists in the Field Series)
by Mary Kay CarsonIn this addition to the critically-acclaimed Scientist in the Field series, scientist Robin Tanamachi and her team are trying to save countless lives across America’s heartland, chasing one tornado at a time. Robin Tanamachi has been captivated by tornadoes and extreme weather her entire life. When she realized people researched weather for a job, she was hooked. She now studies tornadogenesis, or how tornadoes form, and what causes them to get weaker versus strengthen. For her, driving around in a Doppler radar truck aiming towards storms is a normal day in the office. The data she collects is then modeled and studied on computers—with math, physics, and computer science working hand in hand with meteorology. At the end of the day, knowing exactly how, when, and where these violent storms happen can give more warning time for everyone involved.
Toroidal Metamaterials: Fundamentals, Devices, and Applications (Engineering Materials)
by Arash Ahmadivand Burak Gerislioglu Zeinab RamezaniThis book provides an overview of the use of toroidal moments. This includes methods of excitation, numerical analysis, and experimental measurements of associating structures. Special emphasis is placed on understanding the fundamental physics, characteristics, and real-world applications of toroidal multipoles. This book also covers a variety of both planar and 3D meta-atom and metamolecule schemes capable to sustain toroidal moments across a wide range of spectrum. It discusses the implementation of innovative approaches, for exploring the spectral features and excitation methodologies, predicting the properties of the correlating metasystems in their excited states. An applicable text for undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students, this book is also of interest to researchers, theorizers, and experimentalists working in optical physics, photonics, and nanotechnology.
Torpedo: Inventing the Military-Industrial Complex in the United States and Great Britain
by Katherine C. EpsteinWhen President Eisenhower referred to the "military-industrial complex" in his 1961 Farewell Address, he summed up in a phrase the merger of government and industry that dominated the Cold War United States. In this bold reappraisal, Katherine Epstein uncovers the origins of the military-industrial complex in the decades preceding World War I, as the United States and Great Britain struggled to perfect a crucial new weapon: the self-propelled torpedo. Torpedoes threatened to upend the delicate balance among the world's naval powers, they were bought and sold in a global marketplace, and they were cutting-edge industrial technologies. But building them required substantial capital investments and close collaboration among scientists, engineers, businessmen, and naval officers. To address these formidable challenges, the U. S. and British navies created a new procurement paradigm: instead of buying finished armaments from the private sector or developing them from scratch at public expense, they began to invest in private-sector research and development. The inventions emerging from torpedo R&D sparked legal battles over intellectual property rights that reshaped national security law. Torpedo blends military, legal, and business history with the history of science and technology to recast our understanding of defense contracting and the demands of modern warfare.
Torres' Patient Care in Imaging Technology
by Andrea Dutton TerriAnn RyanTorres’ Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 9th Edition helps students develop the knowledge and skills they need to become safe, perceptive, and efficient radiologic technologists. The book offers a strong illustration program and a logical organization that emphasizes the connections between classroom learning and clinical practice. Fully aligned with the latest ARRT and ASRT standards, this edition covers current trends and advances in the field and offers an unparalleled array of online teaching and learning resources.
Torres' Patient Care in Imaging Technology
by TerriAnn RyanNow fully aligned with the latest ARRT and ASRT standards,Torres’ Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 10th Edition, by TerriAnn Ryan, helps students develop the knowledge and skills they need to become safe, perceptive, and efficient radiologic technologists. This student-focused text offers a strong illustration program and a logical organization that emphasizes the connections between classroom learning and clinical practice. Designed to keep readers informed and up to date, it covers current trends and advances in the field and offers an unparalleled array of online teaching and learning resources.
Torsion and Shear Stresses in Ships
by Mohamed ShamaIn the last few decades, much research work was conducted to improve ship structure analysis and design. Most of the efforts were directed to improve the strength of hull girder and to use the method of finite element analysis more efficiently and effectively. Because of the high degree of complexity of ship structures the interaction between hull girder strength and local strength require special attention. The complex system of stresses could produce unacceptable deformations and high values of equivalent stresses. This book covers an area of ship structure analysis and design that has not been exhaustively covered by other books on ship structures in a simple form. It presents the basic concepts of the methods and procedures required to calculate torsion and shear stresses in ship structures. Moreover, it is enhanced with a set of some solved and unsolved problems, very useful for students of naval and marine engineering.
Torsion of Thin Walled Structures
by Krishnaiyengar RajagopalanThis comprehensive textbook focuses on the torsion in thin walled structures, highlights the nuances of the problems faced and succinctly discusses warping, bimoment, etc. Since in several thin walled structures, torsion is the only or dominant loading, this book addresses such unique structures as well. It provides a concise explanation of the warping properties and how they are evaluated. Thin walled structures with torsion as the preponderant loading are then treated using classical and finite element methods. No prior knowledge of the finite element method is required as the method is introduced from the basics. The same problem is worked out by both approaches so that the concepts are clearly understood by the readers. The book includes pedagogical features such as end-of-chapter questions and worked out examples to augment learning and self-testing. The book will be useful for graduate courses as well as for professional development coursework for structural engineers in the aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering domains.
Tortuosity and Microstructure Effects in Porous Media: Classical Theories, Empirical Data and Modern Methods (Springer Series in Materials Science #333)
by Lorenz Holzer Philip Marmet Mathias Fingerle Andreas Wiegmann Matthias Neumann Volker SchmidtThis open access book presents a thorough look at tortuosity and microstructure effects in porous materials. The book delivers a comprehensive review of the subject, summarizing all key results in the field with respect to the underlying theories, empirical data available in the literature, modern methodologies and calculation approaches, and quantitative relationships between microscopic and macroscopic properties. It thoroughly discusses up to 20 different types of tortuosity and introduces a new classification scheme and nomenclature based on direct geometric tortuosities, indirect physics-based tortuosities, and mixed tortuosities (geometric and physics-based). The book also covers recent progress in 3D imaging and image modeling for studying novel aspects of tortuosity and associated transport properties in materials, while providing a comprehensive list of available software packages for practitioners in the community.This book is a must-read for researchers and students in materials science and engineering interested in a deeper understanding of microstructure–property relationships in porous materials. For energy materials in particular, such as lithium-ion batteries, tortuosity is a key microstructural parameter that can greatly impact long-term material performance. Thus, the information laid out in this book will also greatly benefit researchers interested in computational modeling and design of next-generation materials, especially those for sustainability and energy applications.
TORUS 2 - Toward an Open Resource Using Services: Cloud Computing for Environmental Data
by Dominique LafflyThis book, presented in three volumes, examines "environmental" disciplines in relation to major players in contemporary science: Big Data, artificial intelligence and cloud computing. Today, there is a real sense of urgency regarding the evolution of computer technology, the ever-increasing volume of data, threats to our climate and the sustainable development of our planet. As such, we need to reduce technology just as much as we need to bridge the global socio-economic gap between the North and South; between universal free access to data (open data) and free software (open source). In this book, we pay particular attention to certain environmental subjects, in order to enrich our understanding of cloud computing. These subjects are: erosion; urban air pollution and atmospheric pollution in Southeast Asia; melting permafrost (causing the accelerated release of soil organic carbon in the atmosphere); alert systems of environmental hazards (such as forest fires, prospective modeling of socio-spatial practices and land use); and web fountains of geographical data. Finally, this book asks the question: in order to find a pattern in the data, how do we move from a traditional computing model-based world to pure mathematical research? After thorough examination of this topic, we conclude that this goal is both transdisciplinary and achievable.
Total Absorption Technique for Nuclear Structure and Applications (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by Alejandro Algora Berta Rubio Jose Luis Tain William GelletlyThis book is the first monograph dedicated to the use of the total absorption technique in beta decay studies. It provides a detailed introduction to the beta decay process and all necessary know-how for the use of the total absorption technique. Total absorption spectroscopy (TAS) is the one of the very few techniques available that can provide nuclear decay data free from the Pandemonium effect (the systematic error causes the assignment of larger beta-decay probabilities than the real values to the lower lying levels). This book covers all aspects related to the use of this technique, from the preparation of an experiment to the algorithms required in the analysis of the data acquired. It also covers the most relevant applications of the technique, from nuclear structure (comparison with nuclear models, determination of nuclear shapes) to nuclear astrophysics and other more applied purposes such as the prediction of reactor decay heat and the primary antineutrino spectrum from nuclear reactors.
Total Construction Management: Lean Quality in Construction Project Delivery
by John S. Oakland Marton MarosszekyA convergence of lean management and quality management thinking has taken place in organizations across many industries, including construction. Practices in procurement, design management and construction management are all evolving constantly and understanding these changes and how to react is essential to successful management. This book provides valuable insights for owners, designers and constructors in the construction sector. Starting by introducing the language of total quality, lean and operational excellence, this book takes the reader right up to the latest industry practice in this sector, and demonstrates the best way to manage change. Written by two of the world's leading experts, Total Construction Management: Lean quality in construction project delivery offers a clearly structured introduction to the most important management concepts and practices used in the global construction industry today. This authoritative book covers issues such as procurement, BIM, all forms of waste, construction safety, and design and construction management, all explained with international case studies. It is a perfect guide for managers in all parts of the industry, and ideal for those preparing to enter the industry.
Total Diet Studies
by Gerald G. Moy Richard W. VannoortUnless a food is grossly contaminated, consumers are unable to detect through sight or smell the presence of low levels of toxic chemicals in their foods. Furthermore, the toxic effects of exposure to low levels of chemicals are often manifested slowly, sometimes for decades, as in the case of cancer or organ failure. As a result, safeguarding food from such hazards requires the constant monitoring of the food supply using sophisticated laboratory analysis. While the food industry bears the primary responsibility for assuring the safety of its products, the overall protection of people's diets from chemical hazards must be considered one of the most important public health functions of any government. Unfortunately, many countries do not have sufficient capability and capacity to monitor the exposure of their populations to many potentially toxic chemicals that could be present in food and drinking water. Without such monitoring, public health authorities in many countries are not able to identify and respond to problems posed by toxic chemicals, which may harm their population and undermine consumer confidence in the safety of the food supply. From a trade perspective, those countries that cannot demonstrate that the food they produce is free of potentially hazardous chemicals will be greatly disadvantaged or even subject to sanctions in the international marketplace. The goal of a total diet study (TDS) is to provide basic information on the levels and trends of exposure to chemicals in foods as consumed by the population. In other words, foods are processed and prepared as typical for a country before they are analyzed in order to better represent actual dietary intakes. Total diet studies have been used to assess the safe use of agricultural chemicals (e. g. , pesticides, antibiotics), food additives (e. g. , preservatives, sweetening agents), environmental contaminants (e. g. , lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, PCBs, dioxins), processing contaminants (e. g. , acrylamide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chloropropanols), and natural contaminants (e. g. , aflatoxin, patulin, other mycotoxins) by determining whether dietary exposure to these chemicals are within acceptable limits. Total diet studies can also be applied to certain nutrients where the goal is to assure intakes are not only below safe upper limits, but also above levels deemed necessary to maintain good health. International and national organizations, such as the World Health Organization, the European Food Safety Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration recognize the TDS approach as one of the most cost-effective means of protecting consumers from chemicals in food, for providing essential information for managing food safety, including food standards, and for setting priorities for further investment and study. Total Diet Studies introduces the TDS concept to a wider audience and presents the various steps in the planning and implementation of a TDS. It illustrates how TDSs are being used to protect public health from chemicals in the food supply in many developed and developing countries. The book also examines some of the applications of TDSs to specific chemicals, including contaminants and nutrients.
Total Engineering Quality Management
by Ronald J. CottmanThis manual discusses how the Total Quality Management (TQM) of the production and manufacturing environment can be modified, implemented, and measured within the engineering project environment. It aims to integrate predominant quality philosophy with organization research.
Total Environmental Compliance: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals
by Bert P. Krages IITotal Environmental Compliance: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals gives you the background and skills you need to ensure total environmental compliance in your organization. Instead of dryly describing theoretical management systems or reciting regulatory provisions, the author delves into the challenging issues of why organizations
Total Exposure Health: An Introduction (Environmental and Occupational Health Series)
by Kirk A. PhillipsThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the concept of "Total Exposure Health" and presents details on subject areas which make up the framework. It provides in-depth coverage of the science and technology supporting exposure and risk assessment. This includes advances in toxicology and the "-omics" as well as new techniques for exposure assessment. The book concludes with a discussion on bioethics implications, including ethical considerations related to genetic testing. Discusses advances in exposure monitoring Presents a systems biology approach to human exposures Examines how overall well-being translates to worker productivity Considers the link between work-related risk factors and health conditions Covers the study of genomics in precision medicine and exposure science Explores bioethics in genomic studies Aimed at the exposure professionals (industrial hygienists, toxicologists, public health, environmental engineers), geneticists, molecular biologists, engineers and managers in the health and safety industry as well as professionals in the public administration field.
Total Hip Arthroplasty: Medical and Biomedical Engineering and Science Concepts
by Emre TokgozTotal Hip Arthroplasty: Medical and Biomedical Engineering and Science Concepts provides an extensive overview of the most recent advancements in total hip arthroplasty (THA) through a thorough review of the literature in medicine, engineering, mathematics, computing, and related technologies. Coverage includes the most recent engineering and computing techniques such as robotics, biomechanics, artificial intelligence, and optimization, as well as the medical and surgical aspects of pre-existing conditions, surgical procedure types, postoperative complications, and patient care. This book will be a valuable introductory reference for academics, students, and researchers to THA concepts and advances.