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Arthropod Management and Landscape Considerations in Large-Scale Agroecosystems
by Matthew O'Neal Steven E. Naranjo Ian MacRae Kristopher L Giles Tom Royer Peter C Ellsworth Kristen Baum Mahendra Bhandari Haley Butler Hannalene Du Plessis Norman C. Elliott Sarah Elzay Isaac L. Esquivel Ashleigh M. Faris Aaron J. Gassmann Maura Hall Louis S. Hesler Anders S. Huseth William D. Hutchison Robert L. Meagher Jr Lance J. Meinke Shannon L. Osborne Pankaj Pal Katherine A. Parys Dominic Reisig Nina Rudin Thomas W. Sappington Gregory A. Sword Ashley E. Tessnow Paul A. Umina Johnnie Van BergFor large-scale agroecosystems, patterns of pest population increases (graded increases or abrupt outbreaks) and declines (graded suppression or abrupt crashes) vary considerably and are influenced by factors within crop fields and across broader landscape scales. Better understanding of pest population dynamics and the implications of spatial interactions on the function and development of pest management approaches are the main themes of this important book. The book builds from a 60+ year history of field-based pest management by focusing on the drivers of pest management in large-scale agroecosystems and the landscape-scale processes that affect these drivers and contribute to variation in pest outbreaks and suppression. These drivers include abiotic and biotic influences such as weather, spatial composition and arrangement of landscape elements, and widely applied managed inputs such as planting and crop rotation schedules, crop varietal selection, and land and soil conservation efforts. The book introduces general concepts, opportunities, and challenges of arthropod management in large-scale agroecosystems. Case studies from major field crop-based agroecosystems are used to present research approaches and improve understanding and management of pest and beneficial insects in large-scale agroecosystems. Specific research findings are provided on multi-trophic interactions within the system as influenced by climate, landscape, and other ecological, agricultural, and social/economic components of the agroecosystem. The book concludes with a synthesis of these concepts and prospectus for future research and developments in arthropod management in large-scale, plant-based agroecosystems. The book is essential reading for researchers in applied entomology and ecology and for pest management practitioners.
Arthropod Management in Vineyards: Pests, Approaches, and Future Directions
by Charles Vincent Rufus Isaacs Noubar J. BostanianProvides a state-of-the-science overview of arthropods affecting grape production around the world. Vineyard pest management is a dynamic and evolving field, and the contributed chapters provide insights into arthropods that limit this important crop and its products. Written by international experts from the major grape-growing regions, it provides a global overview of arthropods affecting vines and the novel strategies being used to prevent economic losses, including invasive pests affecting viticulture. The book contains reviews of the theoretical basis of integrated pest management, multiple chapters on biological control, current status of chemical control, as well as in-depth and well-illustrated reviews of the major arthropod pests affecting grape production and how they are being managed worldwide. This text will serve as a primary resource for applied entomologists, students, growers, and consultants with interests at the intersection of viticulture and applied entomology.
Arthropod Pests of Horticultural Crops in Tropical Asia
by Professor Gerald R Carner Rangaswamy Muniappan Peter Aun-Chuan Ooi Professor B. Merle ShepardAgriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy of tropical Asia, but arthropod pests are major constraints to production. This book consolidates the research on pests of South and Southeast Asia, providing useful data for the establishment of sustainable pest management programs. It covers the main arthropod pests of twenty five major crops, with colour photographs of their adult and immature stages, their distribution, biology, disease vectors, symptoms of the damage they cause and their natural enemies.
Arthropod-Plant Interactions: Novel Insights and Approaches for IPM (Progress in Biological Control #14)
by Guy Smagghe Isabel DiazThe book consists of multiple chapters by leading experts on the different aspects in the unique relationship between arthropods and plants, the underlying mechanisms, realized successes and failures of interactions and application for IPM, and future lines of research and perspectives. Interesting is the availability of the current genomes of different insects, mites and nematodes and different important plants and agricultural crops to bring better insights in the cross talk mechanisms and interacting players. This book will be the first one that integrates all this fascinating and newest (from the last 5 years) information from different leading research laboratories in the world and with perspectives from academia, government and industry.
Arthur's Amazing Armor
by Liz HuyckOff to battle? You'll want to invest in some armor! Learn about the different kinds of armor used throughout the ages in different cultures.
Articular Cartilage (Synthesis Lectures On Tissue Engineering Ser.)
by Kyriacos A. Athanasiou Eric M. Darling Jerry C. Hu Grayson D. DuRaine A. Hari ReddiThis book covers the latest research and advancements related to articular cartilage in biology, development, pathology, clinical applications and tissue engineering. The authors take an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the breadth and depth of basic science, bioengineering, translational science and detailed methological approaches. It is designed to be an all encompassing encyclopedia of articular cartilage. Written at a level that allows wide accessibility, the book’s comprehensive focus on multiple aspects of articular cartilage sets it apart from other books.
Articular Cartilage Dynamics (Series in BioEngineering)
by David W. Smith Bruce S. Gardiner Lihai Zhang Alan J. GrodzinskyThis book explains the anatomy and physiology of cartilage tissue in an integrated way. The emphasis is on how cartilage tissue functions and maintains homeostasis in a challenging mechanical environment. Supported by hundreds of references, the book posts new hypotheses explaining how cartilage adapts and achieves homeostasis in vivo, and tests them against available data. This exploratory approach creates a sense of discovery that the reader can join, or perhaps test themselves through their own research. The main benefit will be obtained by research students and professors looking to understand the deeper concepts that will further their own research, or clinicians (including health professionals and surgeons) who want to gain a deeper physiological understanding of cartilage tissue, which can then serve as a basis for more rational clinical decision-making they need to make on a daily basis. To help bridge the gap between basic science and clinically relevant joint disease, applications and interpretations of key physiological concepts are discussed in the context of osteoarthritis at the end of most chapters.
Articulating Design Decisions: Communicate With Stakeholders, Keep Your Sanity, And Deliver The Best User Experience
by Tom GreeverTalking to people about your designs might seem like a basic skill, but it can be difficult to do well. In many cases, how you communicate with stakeholders, clients, and other nondesigners may be more important than the designs themselves. Because if you canâ??t get their support, your work will never see the light of dayâ??no matter how good it is.This practical guide focuses on principles, tactics, and actionable methods for presenting your designs. Whether you design apps, websites, or products, youâ??ll learn how to get support from people who have influence over the project with the goal of creating the best user experience.Walk through the process of preparing and presenting your designsUnderstand stakeholder perspectives and learn how to empathize with themCultivate both implicit and explicit listening skillsLearn tactics and strategies for expressing the most effective response to feedbackCreate the right documentation for your decisions to avoid repeated conversationsLearn why following through is just as important as the meeting itself
Artificial Beings: The Conscience of a Conscious Machine (Wiley-iste Ser.)
by Jacques PitratThis book demonstrates that not only is it possible to create entities with both consciousness and conscience, but that those entities demonstrate them in ways different from our own, thereby showing a new kind of consciousness.
Artificial Cognition Architectures
by Shelli Friess John N. Carbone James CrowderThe goal of this book is to establish the foundation, principles, theory, and concepts that are the backbone of real, autonomous Artificial Intelligence. Presented here are some basic human intelligence concepts framed for Artificial Intelligence systems. These include concepts like Metacognition and Metamemory, along with architectural constructs for Artificial Intelligence versions of human brain functions like the prefrontal cortex. Also presented are possible hardware and software architectures that lend themselves to learning, reasoning, and self-evolution
Artificial Cognitive Architecture with Self-Learning and Self-Optimization Capabilities: Case Studies In Micromachining Processes (Springer Theses)
by Gerardo BeruvidesThis book introduces three key issues: (i) development of a gradient-free method to enable multi-objective self-optimization; (ii) development of a reinforcement learning strategy to carry out self-learning and finally, (iii) experimental evaluation and validation in two micromachining processes (i.e., micro-milling and micro-drilling). The computational architecture (modular, network and reconfigurable for real-time monitoring and control) takes into account the analysis of different types of sensors, processing strategies and methodologies for extracting behavior patterns from representative process’ signals. The reconfiguration capability and portability of this architecture are supported by two major levels: the cognitive level (core) and the executive level (direct data exchange with the process). At the same time, the architecture includes different operating modes that interact with the process to be monitored and/or controlled. The cognitive level includes three fundamental modes such as modeling, optimization and learning, which are necessary for decision-making (in the form of control signals) and for the real-time experimental characterization of complex processes. In the specific case of the micromachining processes, a series of models based on linear regression, nonlinear regression and artificial intelligence techniques were obtained. On the other hand, the executive level has a constant interaction with the process to be monitored and/or controlled. This level receives the configuration and parameterization from the cognitive level to perform the desired monitoring and control tasks.
Artificial General Intelligence: Smart Applications and Sustainable Technologies (Advanced Technologies and Societal Change)
by Keshav Kaushik Inam Ullah Khan Salma El HajjamiThis book highlights a collection of state-of-the-art research on Safe Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), highlighting the crucial role of cybersecurity, smart applications, and sustainable technologies in ensuring a secure AI future. It illustrates the latest trends in AI safety, exploring the potential risks and dangers associated with AGI development and ways to prevent unintended consequences. The book discusses the convergence of various fields, such as AI, cybersecurity, smart applications, and sustainable technologies, by providing an overview of theoretical, practical, and simulation concepts of AGI. It also displays solutions that will help mitigate the risks and ensure the responsible and ethical development of AGI. It provides insights and perspectives from experts in these fields and offers a comprehensive guide to understanding the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of safe and secure AGI. The book includes chapters on various topics related to AGI security, including the ethical and legal aspects of AGI development, the role of explainability in ensuring transparency and accountability, the use of machine learning for intrusion detection and prevention, and the application of smart technologies for securing AGI systems. Additionally, it explores the impact of sustainable technologies on AGI security, such as the use of renewable energy sources to power AGI systems and the development of eco-friendly hardware. This book is a valuable source for researchers, students, and practitioners interested in the fields of artificial general intelligence, cybersecurity, smart applications, and sustainable technologies.
Artificial General Intelligence: 5th Workshop On Computer Games, Cgw 2016, And 5th Workshop On General Intelligence In Game-playing Agents, Giga 2016, Held In Conjunction With The 25th International Conference On Artificial Intelligence, Ijcai 2016, New York, Usa, July 9-10, 2016, Revised Selected Papers (The MIT Press Essential Knowledge series #705)
by Julian TogeliusHow to make AI capable of general intelligence, and what such technology would mean for society.Artificial intelligence surrounds us. More and more of the systems and services you interact with every day are based on AI technology. Although some very recent AI systems are generalists to a degree, most AI is narrowly specific; that is, it can only do a single thing, in a single context. For example, your spellchecker can’t do mathematics, and the world's best chess-playing program can’t play Tetris. Human intelligence is different. We can solve a variety of tasks, including those we have not seen before. In Artificial General Intelligence, Julian Togelius explores technical approaches to developing more general artificial intelligence and asks what general AI would mean for human civilization.Togelius starts by giving examples of narrow AI that have superhuman performance in some way. Interestingly, there have been AI systems that are superhuman in some sense for more than half a century. He then discusses what it would mean to have general intelligence, by looking at definitions from psychology, ethology, and computer science. Next, he explores the two main families of technical approaches to developing more general artificial intelligence: foundation models through self-supervised learning, and open-ended learning in virtual environments. The final chapters of the book investigate potential artificial general intelligence beyond the strictly technical aspects. The questions discussed here investigate whether such general AI would be conscious, whether it would pose a risk to humanity, and how it might alter society.
Artificial Hearing, Natural Speech: Cochlear Implants, Speech Production, and the Expectations of a High-Tech Society (Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics)
by Joanna Hart LowensteinThis book explores the interface between speech perception and production through a longitudinal acoustic analysis of the speech of postlingually deaf adults with cochlear implants (electrode and computer prostheses for the inner ear in cases of nerve deafness). The methodology is based on the work of Joseph Perkell at MIT, replicating and extending analysis to subjects with modern digital cochlear implants and processor technology. Lowenstein also examines how cochlear implants are portrayed in dramatic and documentary television programs, the scientific accuracy of those portrayals, and what expectations might be taken away by viewers, particularly given modern society's view that technology can overcome the frailties of the human body.
Artificial Hearts: The Allure and Ambivalence of a Controversial Medical Technology
by Shelley McKellarA comprehensive history of the development of artificial hearts in the United States.Artificial hearts are seductive devices. Their promissory nature as a cure for heart failure aligned neatly with the twentieth-century American medical community’s view of the body as an entity of replacement parts. In Artificial Hearts, Shelley McKellar traces the controversial history of this imperfect technology beginning in the 1950s and leading up to the present day. McKellar profiles generations of researchers and devices as she traces the heart’s development and clinical use. She situates the events of Dr. Michael DeBakey and Dr. Denton Cooley’s professional fall-out after the first artificial heart implant case in 1969, as well as the 1982–83 Jarvik-7 heart implant case of Barney Clark, within a larger historical trajectory. She explores how some individuals—like former US Vice President Dick Cheney—affected the public profile of this technology by choosing to be implanted with artificial hearts. Finally, she explains the varied physical experiences, both negative and positive, of numerous artificial heart recipients. McKellar argues that desirability—rather than the feasibility or practicality of artificial hearts—drove the invention of the device. Technical challenges and unsettling clinical experiences produced an ambivalence toward its continued development by many researchers, clinicians, politicians, bioethicists, and the public. But the potential and promise of the artificial heart offset this ambivalence, influencing how success was characterized and by whom. Packed with larger-than-life characters—from dedicated and ardent scientists to feuding Texas surgeons and brave patients—this book is a fascinating case study that speaks to questions of expectations, limitations, and uncertainty in a high-technology medical world.
Artificial Hearts: Technology and Therapy Management
by Ming YangThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to artificial hearts, summarizing the latest advances in basic technologies, design, evaluation, and management. Featuring 11 chapters, it discusses the origins of the artificial heart, the mechanisms of heart failure, and the principles of artificial heart technologies. Further, it offers an overview of rotary pumps and volume-displacement pumps, and addresses total artificial hearts. Lastly, the book covers evaluation, selection, therapy management, challenges, and the latest innovations. Given its scope, it is a valuable resource for researchers and technicians in the area of biomedical engineering, as well as surgeons.
Artificial Intelligence (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #488)
by Bahaaeddin A. M. Alareeni Islam ElgedawyArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase the speed and accuracy of financial decision-making, making it an increasingly important tool for financial professionals. One way that AI can improve efficiency in finance is by automating tasks and processes that are time-consuming and repetitive for humans. For example, AI algorithms can be used to analyze and process large amounts of data, such as financial statements and market data, in a fraction of the time that it would take a human to do so. This can allow financial professionals to focus on higher-value tasks, such as interpreting data and making strategic decisions, rather than being bogged down by mundane tasks. AI can also reduce costs in finance by increasing automation and eliminating the need for certain tasks to be performed manually. This can result in cost savings for financial institutions, which can then be passed on to customers in the form of lower fees or better services. AI can be used to identify unusual patterns of activity that may indicate fraudulent behavior. This can help financial institutions reduce losses from fraud and improve customer security. AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants can help financial institutions provide faster, more efficient customer service, particularly when it comes to answering common questions and handling routine tasks. Some financial institutions are using AI to analyze market data and make trades in real-time. AI-powered trading algorithms can potentially make faster and more accurate trading decisions than humans. In terms of speed and accuracy, AI algorithms can analyze data and make decisions much faster than humans, and can do so with a high degree of accuracy. This can be particularly useful in fast-moving financial markets, where quick and accurate decision-making can be the difference between success and failure.This book highlights how AI in finance can improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase the speed and accuracy of financial decision-making. Moreover, the book also focuses on how to ensure the responsible and ethical use of AI in finance.This book is a valuable resource for students, scholars, academicians, researchers, professionals, executives, government agencies, and policymakers interested in exploring the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in finance. Its goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research and knowledge in this area, and to stimulate further inquiry and exploration.
Artificial Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications
by Cherry Bhargava Pradeep Kumar SharmaThis comprehensive reference text discusses the fundamental concepts of artificial intelligence and its applications in a single volume. Artificial Intelligence: Fundamentals and Applications presents a detailed discussion of basic aspects and ethics in the field of artificial intelligence and its applications in areas, including electronic devices and systems, consumer electronics, automobile engineering, manufacturing, robotics and automation, agriculture, banking, and predictive analysis. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of electrical engineering, electronics engineering, manufacturing engineering, pharmacy, and healthcare, this text: Discusses advances in artificial intelligence and its applications. Presents the predictive analysis and data analysis using artificial intelligence. Covers the algorithms and pseudo-codes for different domains. Discusses the latest development of artificial intelligence in the field of practical speech recognition, machine translation, autonomous vehicles, and household robotics. Covers the applications of artificial intelligence in fields, including pharmacy and healthcare, electronic devices and systems, manufacturing, consumer electronics, and robotics.
Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction to the Big Ideas and their Development (Chapman & Hall/CRC Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence Series)
by Robert H. Chen Chelsea ChenArtificial Intelligence: An Introduction to Big Ideas and their Development, Second Edition guides readers through the history and development of artificial intelligence (AI), from its early mathematical beginnings through to the exciting possibilities of its potential future applications. To make this journey as accessible as possible, the authors build their narrative around accounts of some of the more popular and well-known demonstrations of artificial intelligence, including Deep Blue, AlphaGo and even Texas Hold’em, followed by their historical background, so that AI can be seen as a natural development of the mathematics and computer science of AI. As the book proceeds, more technical descriptions are presented at a pace that should be suitable for all levels of readers, gradually building a broad and reasonably deep understanding and appreciation for the basic mathematics, physics, and computer science that is rapidly developing artificial intelligence as it is today. Features Only mathematical prerequisite is an elementary knowledge of calculus. Accessible to anyone with an interest in AI and its mathematics and computer science. Suitable as a supplementary reading for a course in AI or the History of Mathematics and Computer Science in regard to artificial intelligence. New to the Second Edition Fully revised and corrected throughout to bring the material up-to-date. Greater technical detail and exploration of basic mathematical concepts, while retaining the simplicity of explanation of the first edition. Entirely new chapters on large language models (LLMs), ChatGPT, and quantum computing.
Artificial Intelligence: Humans at the Heart of Algorithms
by Alan DixAn authoritative and accessible one-stop resource, the first edition of An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence presented one of the first comprehensive examinations of AI. Designed to provide an understanding of the foundations of artificial intelligence, it examined the central computational techniques employed by AI, including knowledge representation, search, reasoning and learning, as well as the principal application domains of expert systems, natural language, vision, robotics, software agents and cognitive modelling. Many of the major philosophical and ethical issues of AI were also introduced. This new edition expands and revises the book throughout, with new material to augment existing chapters, including short case studies, as well as adding new chapters on explainable AI, big data and deep learning, temporal and web-scale data, statistical methods and data wrangling. It expands the book’s focus on human-centred AI, covering gender, ethnic and social bias, the need for transparency, intelligent user interfaces, and designing interactions to aid machine learning. With detailed, well-illustrated examples and exercises throughout, this book provides a substantial and robust introduction to artificial intelligence in a clear and concise coursebook form. It stands as a core text for all students and computer scientists approaching AI.You can also visit the author website for further resources: https://alandix.com/aibook/.
Artificial Intelligence: First CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2021, Hangzhou, China, June 5–6, 2021, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13070)
by Lu Fang Yiran Chen Guangtao Zhai Jane Wang Ruiping Wang Weisheng DongThis two-volume set LNCS 13069-13070 constitutes selected papers presented at the First CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, held in Hangzhou, China, in June 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was partially held online. The 105 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 307 qualified submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on applications of AI; computer vision; data mining; explainability, understandability, and verifiability of AI; machine learning; natural language processing; robotics; and other AI related topics.
Artificial Intelligence: Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, Fuzhou, China, July 22–23, 2023, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14474)
by Lu Fang Jian Pei Guangtao Zhai Ruiping WangThis two-volume set LNAI 14473-14474 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Third CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2023, in Fuzhou, China, in July 2023. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2023 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The 100 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 376 submissions. CICAI 2023 conference covers a wide range of of AI generated content, computer vision, machine learning, nature language processing, application of AI, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence: Second CAAI International Conference, CICAI 2022, Beijing, China, August 27–28, 2022, Revised Selected Papers, Part III (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13606)
by Lu Fang Daniel Povey Guangtao Zhai Tao Mei Ruiping WangThis three-volume set LNCS 13604-13606 constitutes revised selected papers presented at the Second CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, held in Beijing, China, in August 2022. CICAI is a summit forum in the field of artificial intelligence and the 2022 forum was hosted by Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence (CAAI). The 164 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 521 submissions. CICAI aims to establish a global platform for international academic exchange, promote advanced research in AI and its affiliated disciplines such as machine learning, computer vision, natural language, processing, and data mining, amongst others.
Artificial Intelligence (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #517)
by Reem Khamis Hamdan Amina BuallayThe impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on business and society has been significant, with the incorporation of AI technologies such as robots, facial recognition, algorithms, and natural language processing into business leading to both corporate benefits and potential challenges for stakeholders. The question of how to engage in responsible business practices in the era of AI is an important one, and there is a need for more research on the relationship between AI and corporate social responsibility (CSR). As AI becomes more prevalent, there is a growing focus on the ethical implications of AI and the potential for AI to perpetuate biases or to displace human workers. CSR initiatives can include considerations of ethical AI in the development and use of AI systems. AI has the potential to solve many global challenges and improve people's lives, but it can also have negative consequences if not developed and used responsibly. CSR initiatives can focus on the social impact of AI,including efforts to ensure that the benefits of AI are distributed fairly and that AI is used for the common good. CSR initiatives often involve engaging with stakeholders, including employees, customers, and communities, to understand their needs and concerns and to ensure that their interests are taken into account. This can include engaging with stakeholders about the use of AI in the organization and its potential impactsThe adoption of AI in business is changing many aspects of doing business in a socially responsible manner, and there is a need to examine the potential unethical behaviors and novel ways of engaging in CSR that may arise. This book aims to focus on AI and CSR, and to advance our understanding of the role of AI in organizations and the literature on CSR by assembling high-quality papers with a strong connection between theory and practice.
Artificial Intelligence: What Everyone Needs to Know
by Jerry KaplanOver the coming decades, Artificial Intelligence will profoundly impact the way we live, work, wage war, play, seek a mate, educate our young, and care for our elderly. It is likely to greatly increase our aggregate wealth, but it will also upend our labor markets, reshuffle our social order, and strain our private and public institutions. Eventually it may alter how we see our place in the universe, as machines pursue goals independent of their creators and outperform us in domains previously believed to be the sole dominion of humans. Whether we regard them as conscious or unwitting, revere them as a new form of life or dismiss them as mere clever appliances, is beside the point. They are likely to play an increasingly critical and intimate role in many aspects of our lives. The emergence of systems capable of independent reasoning and action raises serious questions about just whose interests they are permitted to serve, and what limits our society should place on their creation and use. Deep ethical questions that have bedeviled philosophers for ages will suddenly arrive on the steps of our courthouses. Can a machine be held accountable for its actions? Should intelligent systems enjoy independent rights and responsibilities, or are they simple property? Who should be held responsible when a self-driving car kills a pedestrian? Can your personal robot hold your place in line, or be compelled to testify against you? If it turns out to be possible to upload your mind into a machine, is that still you? The answers may surprise you.