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Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications (Mechanical Engineering Ser.)
by Dale Ensminger Leonard J. BondUpdated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery.Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.
Ultrasound and Infertility
by Asim KurjakA comprehensive survey of the use of ultrasound in management of infertile patients is presented in this publication. Particular atten-tion is given to recently developed techniques such as assessment of endometrial changes, ovarian blood flow measurements, and per-cutaneous oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization. The very re-cent technique of transvaginal sonography is presented and richly illus-trated with original results obtained in biopsy-guided oocyte re-trieval, and in the precise delineation of follicle size and number for infertility treatment. Guidance in the interpretation of ultrasonic findings, which include potential limitations and pitfalls, is provided in each chapter. Researchers and practitioners interested in the management of infertile patients will find this volume indispensable.
Ultrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine (Wiley Series in Acoustics Noise and Vibration)
by Ivan Z. Nenadic Matthew W. Urban Jean-Luc Gennisson Miguel Bernal Mikael Tanter James F. GreenleafUltrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine Ivan Z. Nenadic, Matthew W. Urban, James F. Greenleaf, Mayo Clinic Ultrasound Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, USA Jean-Luc Gennisson, Miguel Bernal, Mickael Tanter, Institut Langevin – Ondes et Images, ESPCI ParisTech CNRS, France Covers all major developments and techniques of Ultrasound Elastography and biomedical applications The field of ultrasound elastography has developed various techniques with the potential to diagnose and track the progression of diseases such as breast and thyroid cancer, liver and kidney fibrosis, congestive heart failure, and atherosclerosis. Having emerged in the last decade, ultrasound elastography is a medical imaging modality that can noninvasively measure and map the elastic and viscous properties of soft tissues. Ultrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine covers the basic physics of ultrasound wave propagation and the interaction of ultrasound with various media. The book introduces tissue elastography, covers the history of the field, details the various methods that have been developed by research groups across the world, and describes its novel applications, particularly in shear wave elastography. Key features: Covers all major developments and techniques of ultrasound elastography and biomedical applications. Contributions from the pioneers of the field secure the most complete coverage of ultrasound elastography available. The book is essential reading for researchers and engineers working in ultrasound and elastography, as well as biomedical engineering students and those working in the field of biomechanics.
Ultrasound Energy and Data Transfer for Medical Implants (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Francesco Mazzilli Catherine DehollainThis book presents new systems and circuits for implantable biomedical applications, using a non-conventional way to transmit energy and data via ultrasound. The authors discuses the main constrains (e.g. implant size, battery recharge time, data rate, accuracy of the acoustic models) from the definition of the ultrasound system specification to the in-vitro validation.The system described meets the safety requirements for ultrasound exposure limits in diagnostic ultrasound applications, according to FDA regulations. Readers will see how the novel design of power management architecture will meet the constraints set by FDA regulations for maximum energy exposure in the human body. Coverage also includes the choice of the acoustic transducer, driven by optimum positioning and size of the implanted medical device. Throughout the book, links between physics, electronics and medical aspects are covered to give a complete view of the ultrasound system described.Provides a complete, system-level perspective on the use of ultrasound as energy source for medical implants;Discusses system design concerns regarding wireless power transmission and wireless data communication, particularly for a system in which both are performed on the same channel/frequency;Describes an experimental study on implantable battery powered biomedical systems;Presents a fully-integrated, implantable system and hermetically sealed packaging.
Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia in Children
by Mannion, Stephen and Iohom, Gabriella and Dadure, Christophe and Reisbig, Mark D. and Ganesh, Arjunan Stephen Mannion Gabriella Iohom Christophe Dadure Mark D. Reisbig Arjunan GaneshUltrasound has revolutionized the practice of regional anesthesia, yet there remains a paucity of good resources on ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia in children. This book offers a much-needed practical guide to all the major ultrasound-guided blocks in pediatric patients, including neuraxial, truncal, upper and lower limb blocks. The core principles of good clinical practice in regional anesthesia are described and discussed, including the pharmacology of local anesthetics in children, the performance of regional anesthesia, the management of complications, and the clinical anatomy of each block. Every block chapter provides both a 'how to' section and also a comprehensive literature review, with an up-to-date and relevant bibliography for reference and further reading. Chapters are illustrated with unique anatomical images and detailed descriptions. Both trainee and experienced anesthesiologists will find this an essential resource for the safe and effective performance of modern regional anesthesia in children.
Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy (Imaging In Medical Diagnosis And Therapy Ser.)
by Aaron Fenster James C. LacefieldUp-to-Date Details on Using Ultrasound Imaging to Help Diagnose Various DiseasesDue to improvements in image quality and the reduced cost of advanced features, ultrasound imaging is playing a greater role in the diagnosis and image-guided intervention of a wide range of diseases. Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy highlights the latest advances in usin
Ultrasound in Food Processing: Recent Advances
by Antonia Montilla Jose Benedito Jose V. Garcia-Perez Juan A. Carcel Mar VillamielPart I: Fundamentals of ultrasound This part will cover the main basic principles of ultrasound generation and propagation and those phenomena related to low and high intensity ultrasound applications. The mechanisms involved in food analysis and process monitoring and in food process intensification will be shown. Part II: Low intensity ultrasound applicationsLow intensity ultrasound applications have been used for non-destructive food analysis as well as for process monitoring. Ultrasonic techniques, based on velocity, attenuation or frequency spectrum analysis, may be considered as rapid, simple, portable and suitable for on-line measurements. Although industrial applications of low-intensity ultrasound, such as meat carcass evaluation, have been used in the food industry for decades, this section will cover the most novel applications, which could be considered as highly relevant for future application in the food industry. Chapters addressing this issue will be divided into three subsections: (1) food control, (2) process monitoring, (3) new trends. Part III: High intensity ultrasound applicationsHigh intensity ultrasound application constitutes a way to intensify many food processes. However, the efficient generation and application of ultrasound is essential to achieving a successful effect. This part of the book will begin with a chapter dealing with the importance of the design of efficient ultrasonic application systems. The medium is essential to achieve efficient transmission, and for that reason the particular challenges of applying ultrasound in different media will be addressed.The next part of this section constitutes an up-to-date vision of the use of high intensity ultrasound in food processes. The chapters will be divided into four sections, according to the medium in which the ultrasound vibration is transmitted from the transducers to the product being treated. Thus, solid, liquid, supercritical and gas media have been used for ultrasound propagation. Previous books addressing ultrasonic applications in food processing have been based on the process itself, so chapters have been divided in mass and heat transport, microbial inactivation, etc. This new book will propose a revolutionary overview of ultrasonic applications based on (in the authors’ opinion) the most relevant factor affecting the efficiency of ultrasound applications: the medium in which ultrasound is propagated. Depending on the medium, ultrasonic phenomena can be completely different, but it also affects the complexity of the ultrasonic generation, propagation and application.In addition, the effect of high intensity ultrasound on major components of food, such as proteins, carbohydrates and lipids will be also covered, since this type of information has not been deeply studied in previous books.Other aspects related to the challenges of food industry to incorporate ultrasound devices will be also considered. This point is also very important since, in the last few years, researchers have made huge efforts to integrate fully automated and efficient ultrasound systems to the food production lines but, in some cases, it was not satisfactory. In this sense, it is necessary to identify and review the main related problems to efficiently produce and transmit ultrasound, scale-up, reduce cost, save energy and guarantee the production of safe, healthy and high added value foods.
Ultrasound in the Critically Ill: A Practical Guide
by Andrew Walden Andrew Campbell Ashley Miller Matthew WiseThis book provides a practically applicable guide to the use of ultrasound in the care of acutely and critically ill patients. It is laid out in two sections. The first section attempts to take a comprehensive approach to specific systems of examination taking an organ focused approach covering techniques including Focussed Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) scanning and venous sonography. The second section presents a range of specific cases enabling the reader to develop an understanding of how to apply these methodologies effectively into their day-to-day clinical practice.Ultrasound in the Critically Ill: A Practical Guide describes how to use ultrasound technologies in day-to-day clinical practice. Therefore, it is an ideal resource for all trainee and practicing physicians who utilize these technologies on a day-to-day basis.
Ultrasound Program Management
by Vivek S. Tayal Michael Blaivas Troy R FosterThis book addresses the wide range of issues that face the program leader - from how to choose a site and how to negotiate for equipment, to how to determine staffing requirements and how to anticipate and defuse possible turf issues with other programs and services in the hospital or healthcare facility. The early chapters of this book focus on the leadership of your program whether in your department or institution. The second section centers on education at all levels recognizing that smaller machines have made ultrasound available for medical students to advanced practitioners. The third section provides detailed logistics on equipment, maintenance, and safety. The fourth section focuses on a quality improvement program and includes a chapter on the workflow process. For those with limited budgets we also offer a section on practical operating and educational solutions. The fifth section offers insight into hospital level credentialing, quality assurance, national politics, and recent issues with accreditation. This is followed by reimbursement and coding. The last section covers topics in specialized communities. Chapters focus on ultrasound in global health, emergency medical services, pediatrics, critical care, community and office based practices. Multiple US working documents including checklists, graphs, spreadsheets, tables, and policy appendices are included.
Ultrasound Technologies for Food and Bioprocessing
by Hao Feng Jochen Weiss Gustavo Barbosa-CanovasTraditional food and bioprocessing technologies are facing challenges due to high expectation from the consumers and producers for better quality and safety, higher process efficiency, and products with novel properties or functionalities. For this reason, in the last few years new forms of physical energies have been explored to propose alternatives to traditional processing technologies. Acoustic energy has the potential to replace or partially substitute conventional processes, and at the same time offer unique opportunities in the characterization of foods and biomaterials. This book is a resource for experts and newcomers in the field of power ultrasound, gives insights into the physical principles of this technology, details the latest advancements, and links them to current and potential applications in the food and bioprocessing related industries.
Ultrasound Technology in Dairy Processing (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)
by Jayani Chandrapala Bogdan ZisuThis SpringerBrief provides an overview of the use of ultrasound in various dairy applications, highlighting their significant benefits for the dairy industry, including energy savings and product improvement. It describes in detail the physical and chemical effects of high- and low-frequency power ultrasound in specific applications such as emulsification, ultrafiltration, crystallisation, inactivation of microbes, functionality modifications of secondary dairy products and fat separation.Although to date the majority of these applications have only been proven in the laboratory, some have been successfully implemented on a larger scale. By offering a concise review that includes the transition from laboratory-scale projects to large-scale commercialization, this SpringerBrief fills a gap in the literature. Ultrasound processing has the advantage of minimising flavour loss, increasing homogeneity, reducing energy requirements, reducing processing times, enhancing end-product quality, reducing chemical and physical hazards and lowering the environmental impact compared to conventional dairy processes. As a result, the use of ultrasound in the dairy industry has become a hot topic and has generated considerable research interest in recent years. The SpringerBrief is intended for industry professionals, researchers and graduate students with a basic understanding of simple ultrasound, especially those starting on a new topic of research or coming into the field.
Ultrathin Carbon-Based Overcoats for Extremely High Density Magnetic Recording
by Reuben Jueyuan YeoThis book presents the latest research in ultrathin carbon-based protective overcoats for high areal density magnetic data storage systems, with a particular focus on hard disk drives (HDDs) and tape drives. These findings shed new light on how the microstructure and interfacial chemistry of these sub-20 nm overcoats can be engineered at the nanoscale regime to obtain enhanced properties for wear, thermal and corrosion protection – which are critical for such applications. Readers will also be provided with fresh experimental insights into the suitability of graphene as an atomically-thin overcoat for HDD media. The easy readability of this book will appeal to a wide audience, ranging from non-specialists with a general interest in the field to scientists and industry professionals directly involved in thin film and coatings research.
Ultrathin Metal Transparent Electrodes for the Optoelectronics Industry
by Dhriti Sundar GhoshTransparent electrodes (TEs) are a class of materials that make it possible to bring electrical current or potentials in close proximity to optically active regions without significant loss of optical energy. However, it is a challenge to decouple the electrical and optical properties of a material, as the property of conductivity is strongly coupled to the imaginary part of the refractive index. An ideal TE has high transparency in combination with very low electrical resistivity. The main objective of the thesis was to develop TEs which can replace expensive, scarce and fragile Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), the most widely used TE material in the industry today. The thesis contains original work on ultrathin metal film (UTMF)-based TEs, which are essential elements in a wide range of optoelectronics, consumer electronics and energy devices. It presents new designs and fabrication methods and demonstrates the efficient use of UTMF-TEs in organic light emitting diodes and solar cells, achieving similar levels of efficiency to that of state-of-the-art ITO.
Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Semiconductors for Novel Electronic Applications
by Mohammad Karbalaei Akbari Serge ZhuiykovOffering perspective on both the scientific and engineering aspects of 2D semiconductors, Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Semiconductors for Novel Electronic Applications discusses how to successfully engineer 2D materials for practical applications. It also covers several novel topics regarding 2D semiconductors which have not yet been discussed in any other publications. Features: Provides comprehensive information and data about wafer-scale deposition of 2D semiconductors, ranging from scientific discussions up to the planning of experiments and reliability testing of the fabricated samples Precisely discusses wafer-scale ALD and CVD of 2D semiconductors and investigates various aspects of deposition techniques Covers the new group of 2D materials synthesized from surface oxide of liquid metals and also explains the device fabrication and post-treatment of these 2D nanostructures Addresses a wide range of scientific and practical applications of 2D semiconductors and electronic and optoelectronic devices based on these nanostructures Offers novel coverage of 2D heterostructures and heterointerfaces and provides practical information about fabrication and application of these heterostructures Introduces the latest advancement in fabrication of novel memristors, artificial synapses and sensorimotor devices based on 2D semiconductors This work offers practical information valuable for engineering applications that will appeal to researchers, academics, and scientists working with and interested in developing an array of semiconductor electronic devices.
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook
by Wladyslaw KowalskiThis book is a comprehensive source for technical information regarding ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and its application to air and surface disinfection for the control of pathogens and allergens. The primary focus is on airborne microbes and surface contamination applications for hospitals, commercial facilities, and residential homes. All aspects of UVGI systems, including design methods, sizing methods, modeling, safety, installation, testing, guidelines, and disinfection theory are addressed in detail. An extensive database of over six hundred UV rate constant studies is included as well as tabular performance data for UV lamps and products. Providing this information in one single source simplifies the design and installation of UVGI systems, helps guarantee effective performance of new systems, and facilitates their use on a wide scale for the purpose of improving human health. This book is organized to provide systematic coverage of all related issues and will serve equally well as both a textbook and a handbook for general reference.
Ultraviolet Light Curable Piezoelectric Multi-phase Composites (Mechanics and Adaptronics)
by Rytis MitkusThis book offers extensive knowledge and characterization methods for Ultraviolet light curable piezoelectric 0-3 composites for researchers and industry. The book provides extensive research on the use of carbon-based conductive nanoparticles to improve the performance of Ultraviolet light curable piezoelectric composites, forming piezoelectric 0-0-3 composites. Materials researched include Barium Titanate (BTO), Sodium Potassium Niobate (KNN), Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP), Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) and Graphene Oxide (GO). A comprehensive literature review on piezoelectric 0-3 composites focuses on the main influencing factors to achieve high piezoelectric composite performance. The method to characterize the performance of piezoelectric composites using 4-point bending is adopted from literature, is characterized, and adopted for performance measurements.
Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology: Principles and Applications (Contemporary Food Engineering #2)
by Tatiana KoutchmaUV light is one of a number of emerging non-thermal food processing technologies that can be used in a broad range of applications producing food products with longer shelf-life, more safe, and with higher nutritional quality. The new edition of Ultraviolet Light in Food Technology: Principles and Applications will present recent understanding of the fundamentals of UV light along with new applied knowledge that has accumulated during the 7 years since the first edition published in 2009. The new edition of the book will have 11 chapters including 2 new chapters--on chemical destruction with UV light and food plant safety—along with 6 chapters greatly expanded and updated.
Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation (CRC Press Revivals)
by Willy J. Masschelein Rip G. RiceSeveral general books are available on ultraviolet light and its applications. However, this is the first comprehensive monograph that deals with its application to water and wastewater treatment. There is a rapidly growing interest in using UV light in water sanitation due to the increased knowledge of the potential health and environmental impacts of disinfection byproducts. Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation integrates the fundamental physics applicable to water and wastewater sanitation, the engineering aspects, and the practical experience in the field. The text analyzes the concerns associated with this application of UV light and brings together comprehensive information on the presently available UV technologies applicable to water and wastewater treatment including: lamp technologies, criteria of evaluation and choice of technology; fundamental principles; performance criteria for disinfection; design criteria and methods; synergistic use of UV and oxidants (advanced oxidation); and functional requirements and potential advantages and drawbacks of the technique. Ultraviolet Light in Water and Wastewater Sanitation is the only treatise currently available combining fundamental knowledge, recommendations for design, evaluations of performance, and future prospects for this application. Water and wastewater treatment professionals, water utility employees, governmental regulators, and chemists will find this book an essential and unique reference for a technology which has received growing regulatory acceptance.
Ultrawideband Radar: Applications and Design
by James D. TaylorProviding a practical review of the latest technology in the field, Ultrawideband Radar Applications and Design presents cutting-edge advances in theory, design, and practical applications of ultrawideband (UWB) radar. This book features contributions from an international team of experts to help readers learn about a wide range of UWB topics, including: History of the technology American and European governmental regulations and key definitions Nonsinusoidal wave propagation theory Random signal radar Object detection by ground permittivity measurements Large-target backscattering effects Medical applications Large current radiator antenna design Materials-penetrating theory Radar signal processing Weak-signal detection methods Holographic and real time radar imaging This book’s contributors use practical information to illustrate the latest theoretical developments and demonstrate UWB radar principles through case studies. Radar system engineers will find ideas for precision electronic sensing systems for use in medical, security, industrial, construction, and geophysical applications, as well as those used in archeological, forensic and transportation operations.
Umami: Taste for Health (Food and Health)
by Ana San Gabriel Tia M. Rains Gary BeauchampThis Open Access book covers the concept of umami, the unique taste imparted by the amino acid glutamate, was first described in 1908 by Dr. Kikunae Ikeda of Tokyo University. Over the past century, hundreds of studies have explored the mechanistic underpinnings of the taste, leading to the characterization of the umami taste receptor in 2002. How this fifth basic taste figures into nutrition and health, however, remains underexplored.Umami: Taste for Health provides an overview of the relationship between umami and human health. Authors explain how glutamate not only produces a characteristic oral sensation in the mouth but also functions as a signaling molecule to induce physiological responses. With the support of recent studies, the book demonstrates how the taste properties of umami make glutamate a promising substance to lower salt intake, promote satiation and support healthier aging. The text also covers practical culinary applications to increase umami flavor and practical usage of umami for promoting healthy eating.Provides an overview of the relationship between umami and human health;Explores the potential of glutamate to lower salt intake, promote satiation and support healthier aging;Covers practical culinary applications of umami flavor and practical usage of umami for promoting healthy eating.
Umami: Unlocking the Secrets of the Fifth Taste (Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History)
by Ole Mouritsen Klavs StyrbækIn the West, we have identified only four basic tastes—sour, sweet, salty, and bitter—that, through skillful combination and technique, create delicious foods. Yet in many parts of East Asia over the past century, an additional flavor has entered the culinary lexicon: umami, a fifth taste impression that is savory, complex, and wholly distinct.Combining culinary history with recent research into the chemistry, preparation, nutrition, and culture of food, Mouritsen and Styrbæk encapsulate what we know to date about the concept of umami, from ancient times to today. Umami can be found in soup stocks, meat dishes, air-dried ham, shellfish, aged cheeses, mushrooms, and ripe tomatoes, and it can enhance other taste substances to produce a transformative gustatory experience. Researchers have also discovered which substances in foodstuffs bring out umami, a breakthrough that allows any casual cook to prepare delicious and more nutritious meals with less fat, salt, and sugar. The implications of harnessing umami are both sensuous and social, enabling us to become more intimate with the subtleties of human taste while making better food choices for ourselves and our families. This volume, the product of an ongoing collaboration between a chef and a scientist, won the Danish national Mad+Medier-Prisen (Food and Media Award) in the category of academic food communication.
Umformtechnische Herstellung komplexer Karosserieteile: Auslegung von Ziehanlagen
by Arndt Birkert Stefan Haage Markus StraubAn komplexe Karosserie-Blechformteile werden seitens der Automobilindustrie allerhöchste Anforderungen hinsichtlich Funktionalität und Oberflächenqualität gestellt. Um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen, wird ein entsprechender Methodenplan entwickelt. Das geplante Werk führt zunächst in Grundlagen von Karosseriebau, Umform- und Werkstofftechnik, Werkzeugtechnik und Pressentechnik ein, soweit diese für die Herstellung von Karosserieteilen relevant sind. Auf Basis dieser Grundlagen wird im Hauptteil die Thematik der Methodenplanung behandelt, wobei der komplexe Planungsprozess zunächst auf ein sequentielles Gedankenmodell herunter gebrochen wird. Schließlich wird anhand von Praxisbeispielen aufgezeigt, wie die zuvor sequentiell behandelten Planungsschritte zum Teil gleichzeitig, zum Teil nacheinander in mehreren Iterationsschleifen in der Praxis abgearbeitet werden. Bei allen Ausführungen steht stets die Erfüllung der qualitätsmäßigen Anforderungen, die heute an moderne Karosserieteile gestellt werden, im Vordergrund.
Umgang mit Krisenauswirkungen in der Bauwirtschaft: Schnelleinstieg für Architekten und Bauingenieure (essentials)
by Matthias Linnemann Andreas Bahner Georg BremerDie letzten Jahre waren weltumspannend geprägt von Auswirkungen der Pandemie und der Kriegslage in Europa. Auch die Auswirkungen auf die Bauwirtschaft sind erheblich und mitunter existenziell. Dadurch stellen sich viele Fragen: Wie geht man mit der internationalen Verflechtung von Lieferketten in der Bauwirtschaft um? Wie wird man krisenresistenter und -resilienter in der Vertragsgestaltung? Welche Möglichkeiten sind baubetrieblich greifbar, um den Umgang mit den Auswirkungen besser zu realisieren?Die Kooperationsverpflichtung der Vertragsparteien endet nicht mit dem Beginn von Komplikationen im Bauablauf.Das Ziel muss also ein angemessener Interessensausgleich sowohl der Auftraggeberseite, als auch der Auftragnehmerseite sein.
Umgang mit Schimmelbefall in Innenräumen und Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung: Hinweise zu Ursachen - Vermeidung – Nutzerverhalten – Instandsetzungsmaßnahmen (essentials)
by Silke Sous Ruth Abel Matthias Zöller Thomas WarscheidSchimmelsporen sind überall vorhanden. Muss auch immer mit Gesundheitsproblemen gerechnet werden? Was fördert die Schimmelentstehung? Wie sollte mit optisch sichtbaren Schimmelbildungen umgegangen werden? Welche Instandsetzungsmaßnahmen können einfach angewendet werden? Wann muss eine Fachfirma beauftragt werden? Wann ist bei Schimmelbefall in Hohlräumen die Abschottung der betroffenen Bereiche eine ausreichende Maßnahme? Welchen Einfluss hat das Nutzerverhalten? Diese und andere Fragen klärt das vorliegende essential.
UMTS
by Javier Sanchez Mamadou ThiouneDuring the first decade of this new millennium, it is estimated that more than €100 billion will be invested in the third generation (3G) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) in Europe. This fact represents an amazing challenge from both a technical and commercial perspective. Written by experts in the field, this book gives a detailed description of the elements in the UMTS network architecture: the User Equipment (UE), the UMTS Radio Access Network (UTRAN) and the core network. The completely new protocols based on the needs of the new Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) air interface are highlighted by considering both Frequency- and Time-Division Duplex modes. The book further introduces the key features of existing topics in Releases 5, 6 and 7.