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Value Engineering: Analysis And Methodology
by Del YounkerThis invaluable reference teaches effective and practical techniques to improve the overall performance and outcome of design projects in various industries. Value Engineering highlights the application of value methodology to streamline current day operations, strategic planning in company or business segments, and everyday business decisions in the private sector. The book shows how to maximize budgets, reduce life cycle costs, improve project understanding, and create better working relationships. It explains how to gather information for the creation, evaluation, development, and presentation of new project ideas and shows how to design an appropriate task agenda and timeline.
Value Management in Construction and Real Estate: Methodology and Applications
by Geoffrey Q. Shen Ann T. YuThis cutting edge study explores alternative methods and tools to obtain value for money while maintaining quality in construction projects, especially large and complex ones. Extensive references throughout will help the reader develop a deeper understanding of the methodology, and self-study questions help to keep you on track. Ideal as a reference for practitioners and the perfect intro for students of construction or real estate.
Value Management in Design and Construction
by John Kelly Steven MaleThis book looks at the transfer and further development of value management procedures, as practised in North America, in a United Kingdom and Commonwealth construction industry context.
Value Management of Construction Projects
by John Kelly Drummond Graham Steven MaleValue Management is a philosophy, set of principles and a structured management methodology for improving organisational decision-making and value-for-money. The second edition builds on the success of the first edition by extending the integrated value philosophy, methodology and tool kit to describe the application of Value Management to the areas of service delivery, asset management, and, Programmes, in addition to Projects, products and processes. Value Management is a well-established methodology in the international construction industry, and in the UK has been endorsed as good practice in a range of government sponsored reports. In this book the authors have addressed the practical opportunities and difficulties of Value Management by synthesising the background, international developments, benchmarking and their own extensive consultancy and action research experience in Value Management to provide a comprehensive package of theory and practice. The second edition retains the structure of the first edition, covering methods and practices, frameworks of value and the future of value management. It has been thoroughly updated, and a number of new chapters added to encapsulate further extensions to current theory and practice. In particular, the new edition responds to: A range of recent UK industry and government publications; and most notably BS EN 16271:2012 - Value management: Functional expression of the need and functional performance specification; the imminent update of BS EN 12973:2000 Value Management; BS EN 1325 Value Management - Vocabulary, Terms and definitions; the changes to "Value for Europe" governing the training and certification of Value Management in European Union countries; the UK Government's Management of Value (MoV) initiative, together with other leading reports, international guidance and standards on Value Management. Research in Value Management undertaken since publication of the first edition.Changes in Value Management practice particularly in Programmes and Projects.Developments in the theory of value, principally value for money measures, whole life value option appraisal, and benefits realisation.Initiatives in asset management initiatives covering the management of physical infrastructure, for example the recent launch of a suite of three standards under the generic title of BS ISO 55000: 2014 Asset Management, and its predecessor BSI PAS55 2008 "Asset Management: Specification For The Optimized Management Of Physical Assets" The second edition contains a dedicated chapter of exemplar case studies drawn from the authors' experience, selected to demonstrate the new areas of theory and practice. An Appendix includes an extensive set of tools and techniques of use in Value Management practice. Construction clients, including those in both the public and private sectors, and professionals such as construction cost consultants, quantity surveyors, architects, asset managers, construction engineers, and construction managers will all find Value Management of Construction Projects to be essential reading. It will also be of interest to researchers and students on construction related courses in Higher Education - particularly those at final year undergraduate and at Masters level.
Value Management of Construction Projects
by John Kelly Steven Male Drummond GrahamValue Management is a philosophy, set of principles and a structured management methodology for improving organisational decision-making and value-for-money. The second edition builds on the success of the first edition by extending the integrated value philosophy, methodology and tool kit to describe the application of Value Management to the areas of service delivery, asset management, and, Programmes, in addition to Projects, products and processes. Value Management is a well-established methodology in the international construction industry, and in the UK has been endorsed as good practice in a range of government sponsored reports. In this book the authors have addressed the practical opportunities and difficulties of Value Management by synthesising the background, international developments, benchmarking and their own extensive consultancy and action research experience in Value Management to provide a comprehensive package of theory and practice. The second edition retains the structure of the first edition, covering methods and practices, frameworks of value and the future of value management. It has been thoroughly updated, and a number of new chapters added to encapsulate further extensions to current theory and practice. In particular, the new edition responds to: A range of recent UK industry and government publications; and most notably BS EN 16271:2012 - Value management: Functional expression of the need and functional performance specification; the imminent update of BS EN 12973:2000 Value Management; BS EN 1325 Value Management -- Vocabulary, Terms and definitions; the changes to "Value for Europe" governing the training and certification of Value Management in European Union countries; the UK Government’s Management of Value (MoV) initiative, together with other leading reports, international guidance and standards on Value Management. Research in Value Management undertaken since publication of the first edition. Changes in Value Management practice particularly in Programmes and Projects. Developments in the theory of value, principally value for money measures, whole life value option appraisal, and benefits realisation. Initiatives in asset management initiatives covering the management of physical infrastructure, for example the recent launch of a suite of three standards under the generic title of BS ISO 55000: 2014 Asset Management, and its predecessor BSI PAS55 2008 "Asset Management: Specification For The Optimized Management Of Physical Assets" The second edition contains a dedicated chapter of exemplar case studies drawn from the authors' experience, selected to demonstrate the new areas of theory and practice. An Appendix includes an extensive set of tools and techniques of use in Value Management practice. Construction clients, including those in both the public and private sectors, and professionals such as construction cost consultants, quantity surveyors, architects, asset managers, construction engineers, and construction managers will all find Value Management of Construction Projects to be essential reading. It will also be of interest to researchers and students on construction related courses in Higher Education -- particularly those at final year undergraduate and at Masters level.
Value of Information and Flexibility: Making Decisions Under Uncertainties (Petroleum Engineering)
by Martin J. Vilela Gbenga F. OluyemiThis book presents a consistent methodology for making decisions under uncertain conditions, as is almost always the case. Tools such as value of information and value of flexibility are explored as a means to make more complex and nuanced decisions.The book develops the complete formalism for assessing the value of acquiring information with two novel approaches. Firstly, it integrates the fuzzy characteristics of data, and secondly develops a methodology for assessing data acquisition actions that optimize the value of projects from a holistic perspective. The book also discusses the formalism for including flexibility in the project decision assessment. Practical examples of oil- and gas-related decision problems are included and discussed to facilitate the learning process.This book provides valuable advice and case studies applicable to engineers, researchers, and graduate students, particularly in the oil and gas industry and pharmaceutic industry.
Value of Information in the Earth Sciences
by Eidsvik, Jo and Mukerji, Tapan and Bhattacharjya, Debarun Jo Eidsvik Tapan Mukerji Debarun BhattacharjyaGathering the right kind and the right amount of information is crucial for any decision-making process. This book presents a unified framework for assessing the value of potential data gathering schemes by integrating spatial modelling and decision analysis, with a focus on the Earth sciences. The authors discuss the value of imperfect versus perfect information, and the value of total versus partial information, where only subsets of the data are acquired. Concepts are illustrated using a suite of quantitative tools from decision analysis, such as decision trees and influence diagrams, as well as models for continuous and discrete dependent spatial variables, including Bayesian networks, Markov random fields, Gaussian processes, and multiple-point geostatistics. Unique in scope, this book is of interest to students, researchers and industry professionals in the Earth and environmental sciences, who use applied statistics and decision analysis techniques, and particularly to those working in petroleum, mining, and environmental geoscience.
The Value of RFID
by Alp UstundagRFID technology presents a great potential for creating competitive advantage. By automating and simplifying data collection, it lets users more accurately track assets and monitor key indicators, which in turn gives greater visibility to the operations. However, the benefits received from this technology will be determined by how well it is integrated with the business processes and overall information flow. Because of the fact that the decision to deploy RFID technology in an enterprise is a business decision instead of a technology decision, cost-benefit analysis is a key component of this decision. If an RFID deployment cannot be justified in terms of its economic value to the company, it is not likely to help the company; and consequently, it is not likely to remain a viable deployment over the long term. The Value of RFID describes the business value of RFID and explains the costs and benefits of this technology comprehensively. Different investment evaluation models are proposed to use in various application areas. Techniques to guide the selection of appropriate implementation levels and to handle uncertainty and risk in RFID are explained. Written for researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and lecturers working in the field of RFID and supply chain management, readers will learn evaluation practices for RFID investment for different application areas. The book also guides managers in making to accurate decisions on RFID investment to maximize the return.
The Value of Using Hydrological Datasets for Water Allocation Decisions: Earth Observations, Hydrological Models and Seasonal Forecasts (IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series)
by Alexander José Kaune SchmidtAn increasing number of hydrological datasets from earth observations, hydrological models and seasonal forecasts have become available for water managers, consultants and the general public. These datasets are state-of-the-art products which are usually accessible online and may contribute to develop hydrological studies and support water resources management. However, the added value of these datasets has not been completely explored in decision-making processes. Research studies have assessed how well data can help in predicting climate, but there is a lack of knowledge on how well data can help in water allocation decisions. This work provides numerical tools, methods and results to evaluate the value of using hydrological datasets to support water allocation decisions at river basin and irrigation district scale. An integrated approach is used to predict climate, improve decisions and reduce negative impacts. Results show that investing in hydrological data with finer spatial and temporal resolution and longer periods of record improves water allocation decisions and reduces agricultural production loss in large irrigation schemes. Using river discharge data from hydrological models and global precipitation enhances irrigation area planning when little in-situ data is available. Moreover, using seasonal streamflow forecasts improves available water estimates resulting in better water allocation decisions. The framework was tested in Costa Rica, Colombia and Australia, but can be applied in any case study around the world.
Value Proposition: A New “Long March” & E³ Economy on China’s Integrated Development of Internet, Big Data, AI and Manufacturing Industry
by Jian YuchiThe book discusses, elaborates on and answers questions to the following points: Firstly, what has changed through the information technology represented by software, Internet and big data? How do these changes effect the production relationships, the production mode and the industrial development model? Can China realize a "great-leap-forward" in economic development by promoting such a new Internet economy? Secondly, what is the format shown by the Internet economy? Is the Internet economy a market economy, or a planned economy, or is it an economic complex format which combines the planned economy and the market economy? What is the structure of the future economy? Which entities will compete with each other throughout the industries? What is the format of the future financial investment industry? Why does the Internet economy have a revolutionary impact on the economic base and the superstructure? Thirdly, let us look back on the traditional manufacturing industry. What on earth is the core value of the manufacturing industry? How is the core technology and core value of manufacturing realized? Why can it be that the industrial Internet will become a rare historical opportunity for China's manufacturing industry and economy to achieve a "great-leap-forward" development? Finally, in the big economic tide of Internet and big data, what are the future variables of China’s economy? What is the established economic policy of the United States for the global economy and industries? How should the economic variables of the United States be best dealt with, those that are determined as “US priority” and “the return of manufacturing industry” strongly promoted by the U.S. President Trump?
Value Stream Mapping for the Process Industries: Creating a Roadmap for Lean Transformation
by Peter L. King Jennifer S. KingProviding a framework that highlights waste and its negative effects on process performance, value stream maps (VSMs) are essential components for successful Lean initiatives. While the conventional VSM format has the basic structure to effectively describe process operations, it must be adapted and expanded to serve its purpose in the process indu
Valuing Crop Biodiversity: On-farm Genetic Resources and Economic Change
by Melinda SmaleIn agricultural systems, a diversity of crops and varieties in essential to combat the risks farmers face from pests, diseases and variations in climate. Crop biodiversity also underpins the range of dietary needs and services that consumers demand as economies change. There is growing concern, however, about declining services that consumers demand as economies change. This book contributes to a better understanding of the challenges involved in maintaining local crop biodiversity within a rapidly changing global food system, and to policy debates related to the Convention on Biological Diversity. It provides empirical studies conducted in the field with farmers and crop scientists across a range of agricultural economies and income levels, applying economic tools and methods for valuing and managing crop biodiversity on farms.
Valuing People in Construction (Spon Research)
by Edited by Fidelis Emuze and John SmallwoodValuing People in Construction provides contemporary perspectives on the ‘glue’ that binds the construction process together; people. The book addresses people issues in the construction industry where behavioural outcomes impact upon business and project performance. The main proposition of the book is that as people continue to lead the completion of construction activities, their health, safety, and well-being should be seen as a priority, and valued by stakeholders. As employers and employees, the role of people in construction must be to strive for the improvement of individual lives and society. This edited collection, which is the first book to focus specifically on placing value on people in construction, focuses on people at work, gender at work, conditions at work, and respect at work. In addition to an editorial overview, the book presents tested and refined empirical work and case studies by leading construction researchers from Africa, Australia, and Europe. Essential reading for researchers, students and professionals interested in construction management, the sociology of construction, HRM in construction, gender, work and health studies.
Van der Waals Heterostructures: Fabrications, Properties, and Applications
by Yue Zhang Zheng Zhang Zhuo Kang Qingliang LiaoVan der Waals Heterostructures A comprehensive resource systematically detailing the developments and applications of van der Waals heterostructures and devices Van der Waals Heterostructures is essential reading to understand the developments made in van der Waals heterostructures and devices in all aspects, from basic synthesis to physical analysis and heterostructures assembling to devices applications, including demonstrated applications of van der Waals heterostructure on electronics, optoelectronics, and energy conversion, such as solar energy, hydrogen energy, batteries, catalysts, biotechnology, and more. This book starts from an in-depth introduction of van der Waals interactions in layered materials and the forming of mixed-dimensional heterostructures via van der Waals force. It then comprehensively summarizes the synthetic methods, devices building processes and physical mechanism of 2D van der Waals heterostructures, and devices including 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, and mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. In Van der Waals Heterostructures, readers can expect to find specific information on: The current library of 2D semiconductors and the current synthesis and performances of 2D semiconductors Controllable synthesis and assemble van der Waals heterostructures, physics of the van der Waals interface, and multi-field coupling effects 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, and van der Waals heterostructure applications on energy conversion Insight into future perspectives of the van der Waals heterostructures and devices with the detailed effective role of 2D materials for integrated electrical and electronic equipment
Vanadium-Based Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage
by Liqiang Mai Lin Xu Wei ChenThis book presents a comprehensive review of recent developments in vanadium-based nanomaterials for next-generation electrochemical energy storage. The basic electrochemical energy storage and conversion equipment are elaborated, and the vanadium-based nanomaterials of the synthesis approaches, characterizations, electrochemical storage mechanisms, and performance optimization tactics are discussed. Examples are taken from various chemical energy storage devices to expound the functions of advanced vanadium-based nanomaterials for specific applications. Finally, various challenges and perspectives on vanadium-based nanomaterial development as an emerging energy storage solution are considered.
Vanadium in Soils and Plants (Advances in Trace Elements in the Environment)
by Jörg RinklebeVanadium is an essential element for humans and animals. The toxicity of vanadium at higher concentrations could be a global environmental concern and a significant issue for both environmental protection and economic benefits. The relevance of anthropogenic vanadium in the environment has increased significantly in recent years due to an increased demand for vanadium in high-temperature industrial activities. This book summarizes vanadium’s current research and explains its behavior and mobilization in the environment, especially in soils, sediments, water and plants. Through case studies from various countries, it discusses critical limits set and risk assessment approaches and remediation approaches of vanadium-contaminated soils. FEATURES Provides a comprehensive overview of vanadium in the total environment Covers the role of vanadium in various environments such as soils, sediments, water and plants Includes bioavailability studies and further case studies from various countries around the world Focuses on a better understanding of biogeochemical processes of vanadium Is written by international experts who present the current stage of the knowledge including innovative remediation and management approaches of vanadium-contaminated sites This book will be of use to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in soil science, environmental science, soil ecology, water science, plant science, ecotoxicology, geology and geography as well as scientists, lecturers, environmental and technical engineers, ecologists, applied ecological scientists and managers.
Vanadium Oxide-Based Cathode for Supercapacitor Applications: Using Electrodeposition Method (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Hairus AbdullahThis book highlights the use/application of Vanadium Oxide as a Supercapacitor (SC) material using the electrodeposition method. The preparation methods, material characterization, and performance testing of VOx-based SC are thoroughly discussed. Electrolyte solutions from VCl3 and other metal precursors are used to form V3O5 electrodes on nickel foam (NF). The cathode can deliver a specific capacitance value of 5689 F/g. The work is improved by depositing V3O5 film on Ni(OH)2 to form a bilayer coating on NF substrate. Ni(OH)2 with a nano-sheet structure is used for the purpose of increasing the specific surface area of V3O5 layer which can achieve specific capacitance of 7500 F/g, the energy density of 167 Wh/kg, and the power density of 199 W/kg. After 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, the capacitance retention rate is 93%. Finally, a full cell SC is assembled using the bilayer electrode and active carbon. The asymmetric and symmetric full cells performed the specific capacitances of 390 F/g and 846 F/g, the energy densities of 286 Wh/kg and 170 Wh/kg, and the power densities of 1149 W/kg and 602 W/g, respectively. After 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, the capacitance retention rates of asymmetric and symmetric full cells are 97% and 95%, respectively.
Vanilla (ISSN)
by Eric Odoux Michel GrisoniCultivated in an increasing number of countries, vanilla is a universally appreciated flavor that is consumed worldwide. However, most users are unaware of the plant from which the product comes. This book presents up-to-date reviews on the cultivation, curing, and uses of vanilla. The latest scientific data provides information on genetic status, resources, pests, diseases, cultural practices, biosynthesis of aromatic compounds, and aroma development. Leading contributors from around the world examine emergent countries for vanilla production, including China, India and Uganda. The text also explores the relationship between fruit development anatomy and flavor quality.
Vanished (The Black Hat Thrillers #4)
by Karen E. OlsonA computer hacker on the run heads to Paris to get answers but the truth may come at a price in this technothriller from the author of Betrayed.With a price on her head, computer hacker Tina Adler is determined to stay offline. Only one person knows how to reach her, and he's in as much danger as she is. A chance discovery leads Tina to abandon her South Carolina hideaway in search of her old flame, undercover FBI Agent Zeke Chapman. What is Zeke doing in Paris, France? And what is his connection to the disappearance of American college student Ryan Whittier? En route to Paris in search of answers, Tina realizes that someone is on her trail and getting disturbingly close. Has she been set up?&“This timely thriller is Alias meets Hackers and you can&’t get any cooler than that.&”—Hank Phillippi Ryan, USA Today–bestselling author&“The protagonist of Vanished barely has time to breathe, and neither do we.&”—Joseph Finder, New York Times–bestselling author of The Switch
Vanishing Boundaries: How Integrating Manufacturing and Services Creates Customer Value, Second Edition (Resource Management)
by Richard E. Crandall William R. CrandallBusinesses need to become more consumer-centric, efficient, and quality conscious. Yet global competition and supply chain complexity are increasing so rapidly that managers must reach across the manufacturing and service boundary to gather more universally applicable ideas. Vanishing Boundaries: How Integrating Manufacturing and Services Creates C
Vanishing Point
by John NicholIn this search for truth, nobody can be trusted, and everyone is an enemy...One of the RAF’s ace pilots, Flight Lieutenant Mark Hunter was shot down and held prisoner in Iraq. Six years later, the nightmare continues, as Mark watches his fellow servicemen being tortured by the devastating effects of the Gulf War.Determined to find out why the information about lethal cocktails of drugs is classified, and why the establishment has built a wall of silence around Iraqi chemical weapons, Mark resolves to discover the shameful secrets buried in Desert Storm.Up against the combined might of the military and the government, Mark finds every avenue leads to a dead end. His only hope lies in enlisting the help of Dr Natalie Kennedy, one of the UN’s crack scientists. But he only has ten days before his squadron returns to Kuwait…Gulf War hero John Nichol is back in the hot seat with his second novel, a thrilling roller-coaster ride of heroism and intrigue, perfect for fans of Fredrick Forsyth, Brad Thor and Andy McNab.Praise for Vanishing Point‘Nichol’s writing skills are first rate’ Daily Express‘A thriller with a serious message’ The Times‘Bristles with topicality and anger’ Daily Telegraph
Vapor Compression Heat Pumps with Refrigerant Mixtures
by Reinhard Radermacher Yunho HwangAmidst tightening requirements for eliminating CFC's, HCFC's, halons, and HFC's from use in air conditioning and heat pumps, the search began for replacements that are environmentally benign, non-flammable, and similar to the banned refrigerants in system-level behavior. Refrigerant mixtures are increasingly used as working fluids because they demo
Vapor Crystal Growth and Characterization: ZnSe and Related II–VI Compound Semiconductors
by Ching-Hua SuThe book describes developments in the crystal growth of bulk II-VI semiconductor materials. A fundamental, systematic, and in-depth study of the physical vapor transport (PVT) growth process is the key to producing high-quality single crystals of semiconductors. As such, the book offers a comprehensive overview of the extensive studies on ZnSe and related II-VI wide bandgap compound semiconductors, such as CdS, CdTe, ZnTe, ZnSeTe and ZnSeS. Further, it shows the detailed steps for the growth of bulk crystals enabling optical devices which can operate in the visible spectrum for applications such as blue light emitting diodes, lasers for optical displays and in the mid-IR wavelength range, high density recording, and military communications.The book then discusses the advantages of crystallization from vapor compared to the conventional melt growth: lower processing temperatures, the purification process associated with PVT, and the improved surface morphology of the grown crystals, as well as the necessary drawbacks to the PVT process, such as the low and inconsistent growth rates and the low yield of single crystals. By presenting in-situ measurements of transport rate, partial pressures and interferometry, as well as visual observations, the book provides detailed insights into in the kinetics during the PVT process.This book is intended for graduate students and professionals in materials science as well as engineers preparing and developing optical devices with semiconductors.
Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments
by Yijun Yao Qiang ChenThis book introduces key concepts in modeling and risk assessments of vapor intrusion, a process by which the subsurface volatile contaminants migrate into the building of concern. Soil vapor intrusion is the major exposure pathway for building occupants to chemicals from the subsurface, and its risk assessments determine the criteria of volatile contaminants in soil/groundwater in brownfield redevelopment. The chapters feature the recent advances in vapor intrusion studies and practices, including analytical and numerical modeling of vapor intrusion, statistical findings of United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Vapor Intrusion Database and Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Databases, the challenges of preferential pathways, and the application of building pressure cycling methods, and field practices of vapor intrusion risk assessments at developed contaminated sites and in brownfield redevelopment. This volume also summarizes the advantages and limits of current applications in vapor intrusion risk assessment, laying the groundwork for future research of better understanding in risk characterization of soil vapor intrusion using models. Written by experts in this field, Vapor Intrusion Simulations and Risk Assessments will serve as an invaluable reference for researchers, regulators, and practitioners, who are interested in perceiving the basic knowledge and current advances in risk assessments of soil vapor intrusion.
Vapor-Liquid Interfaces, Bubbles and Droplets
by Masao Watanabe Takeru Yano Shigeo FujikawaPhysically correct boundary conditions on vapor-liquid interfaces are essential in order to make an analysis of flows of a liquid including bubbles or of a gas including droplets. Suitable boundary conditions do not exist at the present time. This book is concerned with the kinetic boundary condition for both the plane and curved vapor-liquid interfaces, and the fluid dynamics boundary condition for Navier-Stokes(fluid dynamics) equations. The kinetic boundary condition is formulated on the basis of molecular dynamics simulations and the fluid dynamics boundary condition is derived by a perturbation analysis of Gaussian-BGK Boltzmann equation applicable to polyatomic gases. The fluid dynamics boundary condition is applied to actual flow problems of bubbles in a liquid and droplets in a gas.