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The Cognitive Artifacts of Designing
by Willemien VisserIn this dynamic review and synthesis of empirical research and theoretical discussion of design as cognitive activity, Willemien Visser reconciles and integrates the classical view of design, as conceptualized by Herbert Simon's symbolic information processing approach, with modern views of design such as the situativity approach, as formulated by Donald Schon. The author goes on to develop her own view on design, in which design is most appropriately characterized as a construction of representations. She lays the groundwork for the integration of design research and cognitive science. This seemingly simple framework has implications that set the stage for this mutually beneficial integration.
The Cognitive Impact of Television News
by Barrie GunterResearch shows that, while people around the world consistently nominate television as their most important news source, much of the content of news bulletins is lost to viewers within moments. In response, Barrie Gunter argues that this can be explained by the way in which televised news is written, packaged and presented.
The Cognitive Life of Maps
by Roberto CasatiThe &“mapness of maps&”—how maps live in interaction with their users, and what this tells us about what they are and how they work.In a sense, maps are temporarily alive for those who design, draw, and use them. They have, for the moment, a cognitive life. To grapple with what this means—to ask how maps can be alive, and what kind of life they have—is to explore the core question of what maps are. And this is what Roberto Casati does in The Cognitive Life of Maps, in the process assembling the conceptual tools for understanding why maps have the power they have, why they are so widely used, and how we use (and misuse) them.Drawing on insights from cognitive science and philosophy of mind, Casati considers the main claims around what maps are and how they work—their specific syntax, peculiar semantics, and pragmatics. He proposes a series of steps that can lead to a precise theory of maps, one that reveals what maps have in common with diagrams, pictures, and texts, and what makes them different. This minimal theory of maps helps us to see maps nested in many cognitive artifacts—clock faces, musical notation, writing, calendars, and numerical series, for instance. It also allows us to tackle the issue of the territorialization of maps—to show how maps can be used to draw specific spatial inferences about territories. From the mechanics of maps used for navigation to the differences and similarities between maps and pictures and models, Casati's ambitious work is a cognitive map in its own right, charting the way to a new understanding of what maps mean.
The Collaborative Era in Science: Governing The Network (Palgrave Advances In The Economics Of Innovation And Technology Ser.)
by Caroline S. WagnerIn recent years a global network of science has emerged as a result of thousands of individual scientists seeking to collaborate with colleagues around the world, creating a network which rises above national systems. The globalization of science is part of the underlying shift in knowledge creation generally: the collaborative era in science. Over the past decade, the growth in the amount of knowledge and the speed at which it is available has created a fundamental shift—where data, information, and knowledge were once scarce resources, they are now abundantly available. Collaboration, openness, customer- or problem-focused research and development, altruism, and reciprocity are notable features of abundance, and they create challenges that economists have not yet studied. This book defines the collaborative era, describes how it came to be, reveals its internal dynamics, and demonstrates how real-world practitioners are changing to take advantage of it. Most importantly, the book lays out a guide for policymakers and entrepreneurs as they shift perspectives to take advantage of the collaborative era in order to create social and economic welfare.
The Collapse Frequency of Structures: Bridges - Dams - Tunnels - Retaining structures - Buildings
by Dirk ProskeThe mathematical verification of the safety of structures can be done by determining the probability of failure or by using safety elements. Observed damages and collapses are usually assessed within the framework of expert reports, which seems reasonable due to the large number of unique structures in the construction industry. However, there should also be an examination of observed safety across all structures. Therefore, in this book the collapse frequencies are determined for different types of structures, such as bridges, dams, tunnels, retaining structures and buildings. The collapse frequency, like the failure probability, belongs to stochasticity. Therefore, the observed mean collapse frequencies and the calculated mean failure probabilities are compared. This comparison shows that the collapse frequencies are usually lower than the calculated failure probabilities. In addition, core damage frequencies and probabilities are given to extend the comparison to another technical product.
The Collected Letters of Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek - Volume 14
by L. C. PalmThis volume (the 14th of a series of 19) contains 21 letters written between August 1701 and March 1704. At least half of these letters were addressed to Fellows of the Royal Society in London. Every volume in the series contains the texts in the original Dutch and an English translation. The great range of subjects studied by Van Leeuwenhoek is reflected in these letters: instruments to measure water; pulmonary diseases; experiments relating to the solution of gold and silver; salt crystals and grains of sand; botanical work, such as duckweed and germination of orange pips; descriptions on protozoa; blood; spermatozoa; and health and hygiene, for example and harmfulness of tea and coffee and the benefits of cleaning teeth.;Volumes One to 13 are available at a reduced price from Swets and Zeitlinger.
The Collected Letters of Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek - Volume 16
by Drs. L. C.In volume XVI of The Collected Letters of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 25 letters of Van Leeuwenhoek have been included, all of them written from July 1707 to June 1712. The letters were written to six distinct addressees. The larger part was addressed to the Royal Society in London in general (sixteen letters); and to three of its fellows in particular
The College on the Hill: New History of the Ontario Agricultural College, 1874 to 1999
by Alexander Ross Terry CrowleyHow has the Ontario Agricultural College contributed to Canadian education? What role has the college played in the development of agriculture since it was founded in 1874? This history of Canada’s oldest agricultural college revolves around these two questions. It shows that the college’s mandate has changed in its attempt to serve both education and agriculture. The Ontario Agricultural College was established to enshrine science in farming, but it also became the testing and extension arm of the provincial ministry of agriculture. Direct government control for ninety years provided financial resources not enjoyed by other post-secondary schools, but the results sometimes proved of greater benefit to agriculture than to education or science. Swept into the University of Guelph when it was created in 1964, the college rethought its role. It emerged as a centre for advanced scientific inquiry, for global agricultural programs, and for understanding rural societies. The controversies surrounding these changes and the evolving nature of agriculture and science are brought out fully in this account of the past century and a quarter.
The Colonial Caribbean
by James A. DelleAs a source of colonial wealth and a crucible for global culture, Jamaica has had a profound impact on the formation of the modern world system. From the island’s economic and military importance to the colonial empires it has hosted and the multitude of ways in which diverse people from varied parts of the world have coexisted in and reacted against systems of inequality, Jamaica has long been a major focus of archaeological studies of the colonial period. This volume assembles for the first time the results of nearly three decades of historical archaeology in Jamaica. Scholars present research on maritime and terrestrial archaeological sites, addressing issues such as: the early Spanish period at Seville la Nueva; the development of the first major British settlement at Port royal; the complexities of the sugar and coffee plantation system, and the conditions prior to, and following, the abolition of slavery in Jamaica. The everyday life of African Jamaican people is examined by focusing on the development of Jamaica’s internal marketing system, consumer behavior among enslaved people, iron-working and ceramic-making traditions, and the development of a sovereign Maroon society at Nanny Town. Out of Many, One Peoplepaints a complex and fascinating picture of life in colonial Jamaica, and demonstrates how archaeology has contributed to heritage preservation on the island. Contributors Kofi Agorsah / Douglas V. Armstrong / Maureen J. Brown / Gregory D. Cook / James A. Delle / Marianne Franklin / Jillian E. Galle / Candice Goucher / Mark W. Hauser / Kenneth G. Kelly / Matthew Reeves / Amy Rubenstein-Gottschamer / Robyn P. Woodward
The Color of Food: Stories of Race, Resilience and Farming
by Natasha BowensImagine the typical American farmer. Many people visualize sun-roughened skin, faded overalls, and calloused hands--hands that are usually white. While there's no doubt the growing trend of organic farming and homesteading is changing how the farmer is portrayed in mainstream media, farmers of color are still largely left out of the picture.The Color of Food seeks to rectify this. By recognizing the critical issues that lie at the intersection of race and food, this stunning collection of portraits and stories challenges the status quo of agrarian identity. Author, photographer, and biracial farmer Natasha Bowens's quest to explore her own roots in the soil leads her to unearth a larger story, weaving together the seemingly forgotten history of agriculture for people of color, the issues they face today, and the culture and resilience they bring to food and farming.The Color of Food teaches us that the food and farm movement is about more than buying local and protecting our soil. It is about preserving culture and community, digging deeply into the places we've overlooked, and honoring those who have come before us. Blending storytelling, photography, oral history, and unique insight, these pages remind us that true food sovereignty means a place at the table for everyone.Natasha Bowens is an author, farmer, and creator of the multimedia project The Color of Food. Her advocacy focuses on food sovereignty and social issues.
The Color of North: The Molecular Language of Proteins and the Future of Life
by Shahir S. Rizk Maggie M. FinkAn awe-inspiring journey into the world of proteins—how they shape life, and their remarkable potential to heal our bodies and our planet.Each fall, a robin begins the long trek north from Gibraltar to her summer home in Central Europe. Nestled deep in her optic nerve, a tiny protein turns a lone electron into a compass, allowing her to see north in colors we can only dream of perceiving.Taking us beyond the confines of our own experiences, The Color of North traverses the kingdom of life to uncover the myriad ways that proteins shape us and all organisms on the planet. Inside every cell, a tight-knit community of millions of proteins skillfully contorts into unique shapes to give fireflies their ghostly glow, enable the octopus to see predators with its skin, and make humans fall in love. Collectively, proteins orchestrate the intricate relationships within ecosystems and forge the trajectory of life. And yet, nature has exploited just a fraction of their immense potential. Shahir S. Rizk and Maggie M. Fink show how breathtaking advances in protein engineering are expanding on nature’s repertoire, introducing proteins that can detect environmental pollutants, capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and treat diseases from cancer to COVID-19.Weaving together themes of memory, migration, and family with cutting-edge research, The Color of North unveils a molecular world in which proteins are the pulsing heart of life. Ultimately, we gain a new appreciation for our intimate connections to the world around us and a deeper understanding of ourselves.
The Colossal Fossil Fiasco: Lucy's Lab #3 (Lucy’s Lab)
by Michelle Houts Elizabeth ZechelLucy accidentally overhears her parents talking about the family getting a second pet. But what pet should they get? At school, Lucy’s class is learning about fossils and the plants and animals that left them behind. One afternoon, Lucy finds a special rock, and Miss Flippo gets very excited! But when Lucy’s precious fossil goes missing, everyone in Room 2C is a suspect. . . .
The Colours of Infinity
by Nigel Lesmoir-GordonThe groundbreaking documentary (accompanying this book), introduced by Arthur C. Clarke, has been shown in over 50 countries around the world. Twenty five years ago it brought the subject of fractals to the attention of the general public for the first time. The contributors to the film are joined in this comprehensive survey of fractal theory and practice by some other leading experts in the field. - Beautifully and copiously illustrated, this latest edition also comes with an e-copy of the groundbreaking TV documentary - Brings fractal geometry up to date by gathering the thoughts and enthusiasms of the foremost writers and researchers in the field - A new chapter from Benoît Mandelbrot, the mathematician and founder of fractal geometry, makes this a 'must-read' for anyone with an interest in fractal theory - Includes contributions from world leaders including Sir Arthur C Clarke, Michael Barnsley, and Ian Stewart
The Columbia River Treaty: The Economics of an International River Basin Development (RFF Water Policy Set)
by John V. KrutillaThis book applies the principles of cost-benefit analysis, an international program in which an equitable division of costs and gains was an aim, along with economies of coordinated development. Originally published in 1967.
The ComSoc Guide to Passive Optical Networks
by Stephen B. Weinstein Ting Wang Yuanqiu LuoDescribes the major architectures, standards, and technologies of Passive Optical Networks (PONs)The ComSoc Guide to Passive Optical Networks provides readers with a concise explanation of the key features of Passive Optical Networks (PONs); the different types of PON architectures and standards; key issues of PON devices, management, and implementation; and the promising business opportunities in access networks.Written for a broad audience, ranging from developers to users, this indispensable book provides an understanding o the evolutionary path of PON access systems and their positioning with respect to the cable, copper, and wireless competitors for broadband access networks. In addition, The ComSoc Guide to Passive Optical Networks: Provides brief, high-level overviews of the architectures and applications of Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) or Fiber-to-the-Curb (FTTC) access networks and the alternative HFC, subscriber line, and WiMAX access systems Awards readers with a clear understanding of what BPON, GPON, WDM-PON and EPON are and how they work, together with an introduction to their respective standards Carefully defines all acronyms and technical terms, making the book accessible to those who may not be specialists in this area Gives readers an appreciation of the last mile problems in telecommunications access networks, and the opportunities in optical-wireless integration
The Coming Robot Revolution
by David Hanson Adi Marom Yoseph Bar-CohenThis book discusses the emergence of humanlike robots into our everyday world. It covers the trends, possibilities, and concerns we will all feel with their emergence. Robots will walk, talk, and look ever more like people, and with the speed at which new technologies develop, this may happen very soon. Robots will be in homes, in space, in workplaces, in hospitals--everywhere. Their capabilities will soon surpass what has been usually considered science fiction. In what directions will the technology be taking us, and how will the presence of these robots challenge our identity? This book explores the fascinating implications of robot technology while alerting of its possibly disturbing flipside.
The Coming Storm: A Thriller
by Mark Alpert"This novel isn't just ripped from the headlines, it's an alarm bell ringing from the near-future, a prescient warning of where we're headed next. Read this now--before it's literally too late." - New York Times bestselling author James RollinsAmerica is on the brink of collapse, devastated by a brutal government trying to silence its citizens, in The Coming Storm, the next action-packed thriller from Mark Alpert.New York City, 2023: Rising seas and superstorms have ravaged the land. Food and electricity are scarce. A dangerous Washington regime has terrorized the city, forcing the most vulnerable and defenseless people into the flood-ravaged neighborhoods. The new laws are enforced by an army of genetically enhanced soldiers, designed to be the fiercest and cruelest of killers. Genetic scientist Dr. Jenna Khan knows too much about how these super-soldiers were engineered: by altering the DNA sequence in ways that could change the fabric of humanity.Escaping arrest and on the run, Jenna joins forces with a genetically enhanced soldier gone rogue and a Brooklyn gang kingpin to resist the government’s plan to manipulate the DNA of all Americans. The race is on to stop the evil experiment before it spreads the genetic changes…and transforms the human species forever."THE COMING STORM illustrates a terrifying near future that has a direct line of sight to the politics and crises of today...there’s no doubt the book should make us sit up and listen." - The Big Thrill
The Coming Wave: AI, Power, and Our Future
by Mustafa SuleymanNEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • An urgent warning of the unprecedented risks that AI and other fast-developing technologies pose to global order, and how we might contain them while we have the chance—from a co-founder of the pioneering artificial intelligence company DeepMind and current CEO of Microsoft AI&“A fascinating, well-written, and important book.&”—Yuval Noah Harari &“Essential reading.&”—Daniel Kahneman&“My favorite book on AI.&”—Bill Gates, GatesNotesA Best Book of the Year: CNN, Economist, Bloomberg, Politico Playbook, Financial Times, The Guardian, CEO Magazine, Semafor • Winner of the Inc. Non-Obvious Book Award • Finalist for the Porchlight Business Book Award and the Financial Times and Schroders Business Book of the Year Award We are approaching a critical threshold in the history of our species. Everything is about to change. Soon you will live surrounded by AIs. They will organize your life, operate your business, and run core government services. You will live in a world of DNA printers and quantum computers, engineered pathogens and autonomous weapons, robot assistants and abundant energy. None of us are prepared. As co-founder of the pioneering AI company DeepMind, part of Google, Mustafa Suleyman has been at the center of this revolution. The coming decade, he argues, will be defined by this wave of powerful, fast-proliferating new technologies. In The Coming Wave, Suleyman shows how these forces will create immense prosperity but also threaten the nation-state, the foundation of global order. As our fragile governments sleepwalk into disaster, we face an existential dilemma: unprecedented harms on one side, the threat of overbearing surveillance on the other. How do we ensure the flourishing of humankind? How do we maintain control? How do we navigate the narrow path to a successful future? This groundbreaking book from the ultimate AI insider establishes &“the containment problem&”—the task of maintaining control over powerful technologies—as the essential challenge of our age.
The Coming of Age of Solar and Wind Power (Green Energy and Technology)
by Tariq Muneer Eulalia Jadraque Gago Saioa Etxebarria BerrizbeitiaThis book focuses on the current situation of two technologies for electricity production from renewable energy sources, wind and solar photovoltaic energy, analysing and describing both technologies in detail. Four regions of the world, with distinct energy markets and conditions, are explored. Together, the USA, Europe, China and Japan represent one third of the world’s population and occupy 25% of the planet, therefore offering a representation of a global picture. In each of these regions, the development of the solar and wind energy is examined, and the economic implications are described.
The Coming of Age of Urban Agriculture (Contemporary Urban Design Thinking)
by Rob RoggemaFor a long time, urban agriculture initiatives have been explored and novel policy and planning practices have been investigated. With the global food crisis the role urban agriculture has to play becomes more and more urgent. The potentials are large: it brings social justice, it limits climate change, it provides a healthy urban condition, it stimulates biodiversity and gives disadvantaged people an economic opportunity. After 15 years in the making, the time is ripe to see whether the growing of food has established a prominent position in urban planning and policies, food productivity, safety and security, social well-being, the arts, and human health. In this volume several aspects of growing food in the city are explored. Urban Agriculture plays a significant role in society. Nevertheless, it did not become a mainstream topic in day-to-day practice. This book provides concrete solutions and clues how to give urban food production a crucial role in the future planning of urban environments.
The Coming of the Railway: A New Global History, 1750-1850
by David GwynThe first global history of the epic early days of the iron railway Railways, in simple wooden or stone form, have existed since prehistory. But from the 1750s onward the introduction of iron rails led to a dramatic technological evolution—one that would truly change the world. In this rich new history, David Gwyn tells the neglected story of the early iron railway from a global perspective. Driven by a combination of ruthless enterprise, brilliant experimenters, and international cooperation, railway construction began to expand across the world with astonishing rapidity. From Britain to Australia, Russia to America, railways would bind together cities, nations, and entire continents. Rail was a tool of industry and empire as well as, eventually, passenger transport, and developments in technology occurred at breakneck speed—even if the first locomotive in America could muster only 6 mph. The Coming of the Railway explores these fascinating developments, documenting the early railway&’s outsize social, political, and economic impact—carving out the shape of the global economy as we know it today.
The Commercial Aircraft Finance Handbook
by Ronald ScheinbergThe Commercial Aircraft Finance Handbook is a resource for every type of aircraft finance practitioner - seasoned and starter alike. The handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted matters that arise in the process of financing commercial aircraft. The book clearly reviews the different topics on a high-level basis, and then explains the terminology used for each particular area of specialization.. It can be used as both a learning aid and reference resource. The area of commercial aircraft finance is multidisciplinary one, touching professionals across law, finance, insurance, and leasing (to name a few) and this book arms these diverse practitioners with a framework for knowing the questions and issues that should be considered in an aircraft financing transaction. This book will also provide practitioners just starting out in this field with an introduction to the myriad of topics in aircraft finance while providing more seasoned professionals with explanations of matters outside their normal area of expertise. As well, all practitioners will benefit from the resources provided in the appendices.
The Commodification of Farm Animals (Animal Welfare #21)
by Sophie RileyThis book examines how the developments in veterinary science, philosophy, economics and law converged during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to entrench farm animals along a commodification pathway. It covers two neglected areas of study; the importance of international veterinary conferences to domestic regimes and the influence of early global treaties that dealt with animal health on domestic quarantine measures. The author concludes by arguing that society needs to reconsider its understanding and the place of the welfare paradigm in animal production systems. As it presently stands, this paradigm can be used to justify almost any self-serving reason to abrogate ethical principles.The topic of this book will appeal to a wide readership; not only scholars, students and educators but also people involved in animal production, interested parties and experts in the animal welfare and animal rights sector, as well as policy-makers and regulators, who will find this work informative and thought-provoking.
The Common Agriculture Policy and Organic Farming
by K. LynggaardThe Common Agricultural Policy and Organic Farming covers how ideational change came about to enhance the understanding of change within the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and to plan and implement change in European agriculture policy.
The Common Bean Genome
by Marcelino Pérez de la Vega Marta Santalla Frédéric MarsolaisThis book provides insights into the genetics and the latest advances in genomics research on the common bean, offering a timely overview of topics that are pertinent for future developments in legume genomics. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume crop for food consumption worldwide, as well as a model for legume research, and the availability of the genome sequence has completely changed the paradigm of the ongoing research on the species. Key topics covered include the numerous genetic and genomic resources, available tools, the identified genes and quantitative trait locus (QTL) identified, and there is a particular emphasis on domestication. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the genetics and genomics of the common bean and legumes in general.