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Sustainable Winter Fodder: Production, Challenges, and Prospects
by Imran Ul Haq Siddra IjazForage crops are an essential component of livestock’s diet. Production and availability of sufficiently good quality forage under diverse ecological dynamics are fundamental to develop an efficient and productive livestock industry. Growers worldwide, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries, face significant challenges in producing sufficient winter fodder. The livestock population is increasing at high rates, and its feed requirement is increasing accordingly. Fodder crops are the leading and cheapest source of feed for livestock; however, the shortage of fodder production is the primary limiting factor for livestock production. This book features an extensive overview of literature providing information on winter fodders used in livestock management. Key features Discusses breeding strategies of winter fodders through conventional approaches and biotechnology. Highlights production, agronomy, and bioecology of winter fodder crops. Provides comprehensive information on the ecological dynamics of winter fodders. Describes the use of precision agriculture for mitigating the effect of climate change on winter fodders. Relays challenges of winter fodder crops on account of microbes, toxins, pests, and diseases. This book is written for researchers and practitioners in agronomy, biotechnology, bioecology and is a comprehensive guide for improving winter fodder production.
Sustainable Winter Road Operations
by Xianming Shi Liping FuWinter maintenance operations are essential to ensure the safety, mobility, and productivity of transportation systems, especially in cold-weather climates, and responsible agencies are continually challenged to provide a high level of service in a fiscally and environmentally responsible manner. <p><p> Sustainable Winter Road Operations bridges the knowledge gaps, providing the first up-to-date, authoritative, single-source overview and guide to best practices in winter road operations that considers the triple bottom line of sustainability. <p> With contributions from experts in the field from around the world, this book takes a holistic approach to the subject. The authors address the many negative impacts on regional economies and the environment of poorly planned and inadequate winter road operations, and they make a strong case for the myriad benefits of environmentally sustainable concepts and practices. Best practice applications of materials, processes, equipment, and associated technologies and how they can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of winter operations, optimize materials usage, and minimize cost, corrosion, and environmental impacts are all covered in depth.
Sustainable Wireless Communications
by Jianping An Kai Yang Xiaozheng Gao Neng YeThis book discusses the architecture of future wireless networks, reliable communications between different nodes, and energy-efficient resource allocations for achieving sustainable wireless communications. To meet the increasing demands of wireless communication networks and achieve sustainable wireless communications, various promising technologies in this book have been investigated and developed. This book is to present cutting-edge research results on achieving sustainable wireless communications.In particular, the sustainable ultra-dense heterogeneous networks and the sustainability issues of non-orthogonal multiple access are investigated, the performances of cooperative networks with space-time network coding under different scenarios are evaluated, the dynamic estimation for a unified laser telemetry, tracking, and command system is discussed, and the energy-efficient resource allocation schemes are developed for future wireless communication networks. We believe that the results in this book can provide useful insights for the design of future wireless communication networks and achieving sustainable wireless communications. Graduate students, researchers, and engineers in the field of wireless communications can benefit from the book.
Sustainable Wireless Networks
by Zhongming Zheng Lin X. Cai Xuemin ShenThis brief focuses on network planning and resource allocation by jointly considering cost and energy sustainability in wireless networks with sustainable energy. The characteristics of green energy and investigating existing energy-efficient green approaches for wireless networks with sustainable energy is covered in the first part of this brief. The book then addresses the random availability and capacity of the energy supply. The authors explore how to maximize the energy sustainability of the network and minimize the failure probability that the mesh access points (APs) could deplete their energy and put the network out of service due to the unreliable energy supply. This brief also studies network resource management issues in green wireless networks to minimize cost. It jointly considers the relay node (RN) placement and sub-carrier allocation (RNP-SA) issues in wireless networks with sustainable energy, and then formulates the problem into a mixed integer non-linear programming problem. Concise and informative, this brief is a useful resource for professionals or researchers studying wireless networks, communication networks, and energy efficiency. Advanced-level students interested in energy technology or communications engineering will also find the material valuable.
Sustained Simulation Performance 2012
by Erich Focht Hiroaki Kobayashi Michael M. Resch Wolfgang Bez Xin WangThe book presents the state of the art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of high performance systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions cover computational fluid dynamics, material science, medical applications and climate research. Innovative fields like coupled multi-physics or multi-scale simulations are presented. All papers were chosen from presentations given at the 14th Teraflop Workshop held in December 2011 at HLRS, University of Stuttgart, Germany and the Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance at Tohoku University in March 2012.
Sustained Simulation Performance 2013
by Michael M. Resch Wolfgang Bez Erich Focht Hiroaki Kobayashi Yevgeniya KovalenkoThis book presents the state of the art in high-performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of high-performance systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions cover computational fluid dynamics, material science, medical applications and climate research. Innovative fields like coupled multi-physics or multi-scale simulations are presented. All papers were chosen from presentations given at the 16th Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance held in December 2012 at HLRS, University of Stuttgart, Germany and the 17th Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance at Tohoku University in March 2013.
Sustained Simulation Performance 2018 and 2019: Proceedings of the Joint Workshops on Sustained Simulation Performance, University of Stuttgart (HLRS) and Tohoku University, 2018 and 2019
by Michael M. Resch Wolfgang Bez Erich Focht Hiroaki Kobayashi Yevgeniya KovalenkoThis book presents the state of the art in High Performance Computing on modern supercomputer architectures. It addresses trends in hardware and software development in general, as well as the future of High Performance Computing systems and heterogeneous architectures. The contributions cover a broad range of topics, from improved system management to Computational Fluid Dynamics, High Performance Data Analytics, and novel mathematical approaches for large-scale systems. In addition, they explore innovative fields like coupled multi-physics and multi-scale simulations. All contributions are based on selected papers presented at the 26th and 28th Workshops on Sustained Simulation Performance, held at the High Performance Computing Center, University of Stuttgart, Germany, in October 2017 and 2018, and the 27th and 29th Workshops on Sustained Simulation Performance, held at the Cyberscience Center, Tohoku University, Japan, in March 2018 and 2019.
Sustained Simulation Performance 2019 and 2020: Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance, University of Stuttgart (HLRS) and Tohoku University, 2019 and 2020
by Michael M. Resch Manuela Wossough Wolfgang Bez Erich Focht Hiroaki KobayashiThis book presents the state of the art in High Performance Computing on modern supercomputer architectures. It addresses trends in hardware and software development in general. The contributions cover a broad range of topics, from performance evaluations in context with power efficiency to Computational Fluid Dynamics and High Performance Data Analytics. In addition, they explore new topics like the use of High Performance Computers in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. All contributions are based on selected papers presented at the 30th Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance (WSSP) held at the High Performance Computing Center, University of Stuttgart, Germany in October 2019 and on the papers for the planned Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance in March 2020, which could not take place due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Sustained Simulation Performance 2022: Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance, High-Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS), University of Stuttgart and Tohoku University, May and October 2022
by Michael M. Resch Wolfgang Bez Hiroaki Kobayashi Hiroyuki Takizawa Johannes GebertThis book presents the state of the art in High-Performance Computing on modern supercomputer architectures. It addresses trends in hardware and software development in general. The contributions cover a broad range of topics, from performance evaluations in context with power efficiency to Computational Fluid Dynamics and High-Performance Data Analytics. In addition, they explore new topics like the use of High-Performance Computers in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. All contributions are based on selected papers presented in 2022 at the 33rd Workshop on Sustained Simulation Performance, WSSP33, held at HLRS in Stuttgart, Germany, and WSSP34, held at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan.
Sustaining Forest Ecosystems (Managing Forest Ecosystems #37)
by Klaus von Gadow Juan Gabriel Álvarez González Chunyu Zhang Timo Pukkala Xiuhai ZhaoForest ecosystems include a great variety of communities of organisms interacting with their physical environment: multi-aged natural forests, even-aged monocultures, and secondary forests invaded by foreign species. The challenge is to sustain their ability to function, by adapting to changing climates and satisfying a multitude of human demands. Our first chapter sets the scene with a discussion about the effects of forest management on ecosystem services. Details about forest observational infrastructures are introduced in the second chapter. The third chapter presents methods of analysing forest density and structure. Models for estimating the shape and growth of individual forest trees are introduced in chapter 4, models of forest community production in Chapter 5. Methods and examples of sustainable forest design are covered in chapter 6. New scientific contributions continue to emerge as we are writing, and this work is never finished. We hope to continue with regular updates replacing obsolete sections with new ones, but the general aim remains the same, to introduce a range of methods that will assist those interested in sustaining forest ecosystems.
Sustaining Groundwater Resources
by J. Anthony JonesBurgeoning population and climate change are among the most critical challenges facing the 21st century. Both have critical implications for groundwater resources, especially in many developing countries where resources are already under pressure. Due to low rainfall and high evaporation in parts of the Middle East and North Africa, groundwater is not being renewed, and groundwater laid down up to 10,000 years ago is literally being mined for irrigation, often very inefficiently. Over recent decades, groundwater levels have fallen dramatically in key grain-growing regions like the American Great Plains and the North China Plain. As the population grows and emerging economies like China and India demand more food, especially water intensive meat products, agricultural demand for water is set to increase. The rapid shift of population from the countryside to the cities is also adding to this pressure; most old wells in Beijing are now dry. Pollution from industry, agriculture and shanty towns is destroying many groundwater resources; some could take 50 years to clean up even with strict and immediate controls. This volume looks at the technical, socio-economic and political problems being faced, and at the developments in groundwater science and management that may help create a sustainable future for our planet.
Sustaining Key Skills in the UK Military Aircraft Industry
by Tony Starkey Nigel Edgington Hans Pung Matt Bassford Kristin WeedThe United Kingdom Ministry of Defence's Fixed Wing Sector Strategy Board commissioned RAND Europe to assist in the development of a strategy and sustainment plan for the military fixed wing sector. RAND focused on the health and sustainment of key skills in the sector's industrial base. This monograph describes the qualitative and quantitative methodologies that the RAND team followed and summarises its findings and recommendations.
Sustaining Marine Fisheries
by National Research CouncilFluctuations and declines in marine fish populations have caused growing concern among marine scientists, fisheries managers, commercial and recreational fishers, and the public.Sustaining Marine Fisheries explores the nature of marine ecosystems and the complex interacting factors that shape their productivity. The book documents the condition of marine fisheries today, highlighting species and geographic areas that are under particular stress. Challenges to achieving sustainability are discussed, and shortcomings of existing fisheries management and regulation are examined. The volume calls for fisheries management to adopt a broader ecosystem perspective that encompasses all relevant environmental and human influences.Sustaining Marine Fisheries offers new approaches to building workable fisheries management institutions, improving scientific data, and developing management tools. The book recommends ways to change current practices that encourage overexploitation of fish resources. It will be of special interest to marine policymakers and ecologists, fisheries regulators and managers, fisheries scientists and marine ecologists, fishers, and concerned individuals.
Sustaining Mobile Learning: Theory, research and practice (Routledge Research in Higher Education)
by Wan Ng Therese M. CummingMobile technologies are one of the fastest growing areas of technology in education. For learners, they offer an appealing opportunity to transcend teacher-defined knowledge and approaches by being able to access multiple, alternative sources of information anytime and anywhere. While the pace of engagement with and research into the educational applications of mobile technologies has picked up dramatically in the last decade, there is no consolidated view of how to sustain the practices or opportunities that are being explored. Sustainability is a complex but crucial issue in mobile learning as educational institutions are usually required to make substantial investments in mobile devices and associated technologies, time and training to initiate mobile learning programs. The complexity of sustainable mobile learning programs is further exacerbated by the fast pace of change of digital technologies, where with every change, new possibilities are opened up and investments required. In addition, educators are still attempting to reconcile institutions of formal education with informal mobile learning. The book addresses these issues, with a particular focus on: exploring the challenges surrounding the sustainability of mobile learning in K-12 and higher education investigating the importance of sustaining mobile learning for diverse populations of students globally discussing theoretical models for the sustainability of mobile learning providing the reader with strategies for sustaining mobile learning. Presenting new research alongside theoretical models and ideas for practice, the book will appeal to researchers, academics, and postgraduate students in the fields of education and mobile learning, as well as those working in teacher education.
Sustaining our Environment for Better Future: Challenges and Opportunities
by Abdelnaser Omran Odile Schwarz-HerionThis book covers a variety of topics regarding environmental practices in our day-to-day lives, as well as topics concerning sustainable development as a broader concept embracing ecological, social, and economic aspects to improve the quality of life for people around the world. Starting with the traditional controversy between the neoclassical economy and sustainable economy, which may be overcome by scientific progress due to more intensive scientific studies of the sustainability paradigm, the book proceeds to discuss various problems and challenges regarding environmental protection and sustainable development in different countries and on different continents. This includes analyses of recent, sometimes fatal mining disasters in South and North America, challenges and opportunities for rural development in Africa and Australia, an exploration of the role of women for sustainable development in Palestine, water safety and water security issues in Asia and Australia, the environmental exploitation of popular tourism destinations like Acapulco, and deforestation in Malaysia, suggesting innovative approaches to turn challenges into opportunities to effectively tackle these problems. Other topics addressed involve sustainable energy creation for future generations, a research survey among Romanian students on sustainable consumption behavior, validity testing for a heat transfer model in a greenhouse, and a case study on sustainability risk management practices at Malaysia’s environmentally sensitive companies. The book closes with an examination of highly digitalized Smart Cities as a potentially valuable complement to conventional urban and rural lifestyles in connection with achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Sustaining Rocky Mountain Landscapes: Science, Policy, and Management for the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem
by Tony Prato Dan FagrePrato and Fagre offer the first systematic, multi-disciplinary assessment of the challenges involved in managing the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem (CCE), an area of the Rocky Mountains that includes northwestern Montana, southwestern Alberta, and southeastern British Columbia. The spectacular landscapes, extensive recreational options, and broad employment opportunities of the CCE have made it one of the fastest growing regions in the United States and Canada, and have lead to a shift in its economic base from extractive resources to service-oriented recreation and tourism industries. In the process, however, the amenities and attributes that draw people to this 'New West' are under threat. Pastoral scenes are disappearing as agricultural lands and other open spaces are converted to residential uses, biodiversity is endangered by the fragmentation of fish and wildlife habitats, and many areas are experiencing a decline in air and water quality. Sustaining Rocky Mountain Landscapes provides a scientific basis for communities to develop policies for managing the growth and economic transformation of the CCE without sacrificing the quality of life and environment for which the land is renowned. The book begins with a natural and economic history of the CCE. It follows with an assessment of current physical and biological conditions in the CCE. The contributors then explore how social, economic, demographic, and environmental forces are transforming ecosystem structure and function. They consider ecosystem change in response to changing patterns of land use, pollution, and drought; the increasing risk of wildfire to wildlife and to human life and property; and the implications of global climate change on the CCE. A final, policy-focused section of the book looks at transboundary issues in ecosystem management and evaluates the potential of community-based and adaptive approaches in ecosystem management.
Sustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change: Science, Policy, and Ethics
by Thomas J. Sauer John M. Norman Mannava V. K. SivakumarSustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change: Science, Policy, and Ethics is a multi-disciplinary volume exploring the ethical, political and social issues surrounding the stewardship of our vital soil resources. Based on topics presented by an international group of experts at a conference convened through support of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, chapters include scientific studies on carbon sequestration, ecosystem services, maintaining soil fertility, and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as ethical issues ranging from allocation of land use to policies needed for climate change adaptation and mitigation. Bringing together the latest research in soil science and climatology, Sustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change is a valuable resource for soil and plant scientists, agronomists and environmental scientists, as well as agricultural and natural resources engineers and economists, environmental policy makers and conservationists. Key Features: Written by an international group of authors representing a cross-section of scientists, thought leaders, and policy-makers Includes chapters on the potential effects of climate change on forest soil carbon, microbial function, and the role of soils and biogeochemistry in the climate and earth system Explores historical development of land use ethics and stewardship
Sustaining the Soil: Indigenous Soil and Water Conservation in Africa
by Ian Scoones Camilla Toulmin Chris ReijIndigenous soil and water conservation practices are rarely acknowledged in the design of conventional development projects. Instead, the history of soil and water conservation in Africa has been one of imposing external solutions without regard for local practice. There is a remarkably diverse range of locally developed and adapted technologies for the conservation of water and soil, well suited to their particular site and socio-economic conditions. But such measures have been ignored, and sometimes even overturned, by external solutions. Sustaining the Soil documents farmers' practices, exploring the origins and adaptations carried out by farmers over generations, in response to changing circumstances. Through a comparative analysis of conservation measures - from the humid zones of West Africa to the arid lands of the Sudan, from rock terraces in Morocco to the grass strips of Swaziland - the book explores the various factors that influence adoption and adaptation; farmers' perceptions of conservation needs; and the institutional and policy settings most favorable to more effective land husbandry. For the first time on an Africa-wide scale, this book shows that indigenous techniques work, and are being used successfully to conserve and harvest soil and water. These insights combine to suggest new ways forward for governments and agencies attempting to support sustainable land management in Africa, involving a fusion of traditional and modern approaches, which makes the most of both the new and the old.
Sustaining the World's Wetlands
by Richard SmardonWritten both as a textbook and as a professional reference book, Sustaining the World's Wetlands: Setting Policy and Resolving Conflicts contains detailed case studies of wetland management worldwide. Examinations of international wetland policy in Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America generate a discussion of the differences between wetland management issues in developed and developing countries, and culminate in suggested strategies for the future of wetland management. Key themes addressed in the case studies include the tradeoffs between sustainable use of wetlands for food, fuel, and fiber vs. the protection of ecosystem diversity and stability, and the respective roles of big international NGO's, national and regional government, and local community-based organizations when faced with wetland management issues. With its global scope and its emphasis on policy and management analysis, Sustaining the World's Wetlands is a unique and valuable tool both for students and for practitioners.
Sustaining Tomorrow: Proceedings of Sustaining Tomorrow 2020 Symposium and Industry Summit (Springer Proceedings in Energy)
by David S.-K. Ting Ahmad Vasel-Be-HaghThis book includes the proceedings of the Sustaining Tomorrow 2020 symposium and summit which bring together research from experts in academia, industry, and policy arenas to uncover the challenges and to forge solutions to sustain tomorrow. To sustain tomorrow, we need to continuously make headway in Agriculture, Engineering, Energy, Environment, Economics, Water, among other necessities. This book disseminates the most recent advances in these fields and promotes collaborations to maximize opportunities for innovative solutions.Though primarily intended to offer an update for experts and researchers in the field, this book is equally useful as a valuable educational tool for relevant undergraduate and graduate courses. Key aspects covered include the better and more responsible engineering and management of energy conversion and conservation processes, the furthering of renewable energy technologies, improvements in water-agriculture nexus and energy-environment-economics relationship, and endorsing education, implementation, and evaluation of all-embracing sustainability.
Sustaining U.S. Nuclear Submarine Design Capabilities
by Jessie Riposo Paul Deluca John F. Schank Mark V. Arena Kimberly Curry HallNuclear submarine design resources at the shipyards, their suppliers, and the Navy may erode for lack of demand. Analysis of alternative workforce and workload management options suggests that the U.S. Navy should stretch out the design of the next submarine class and start it early or sustain design resources above the current demand, so that the next class may be designed on time, on budget, and with low risk.
Sustaining Urban Networks: The Social Diffusion of Large Technical Systems (Networked Cities Series)
by Olivier Coutard Richard E. Hanley Rae ZimmermanConsidering sustainability in its economic, environmental and social contexts, the contributors take stock of previous research on large technical systems and discuss their sustainability from three main perspectives: uses, cities, and rules and institutions.
Swallow the Ghost: A Novel
by Eugenie MontagueThis "intricate" and "remarkable" debut novel traces the impact of a violent event on three different lives, each interconnected story further complicating the truth. (Laura van den Berg) Things are going well for Jane Murphy, or so it seems. She&’s making it in New York, a sort of wunderkind at the social media marketing startup where she works. She&’s put an experimental writer, Jeremy Miller, on the map by helping him concoct a viral internet novel, told in fragments through various fake social media accounts. But privately, Jane feels trapped, ruled by her routines and her compulsions with food and social media, caught up in an endless cycle of soothing and punishing herself. There is so much that she has to keep hidden, especially from Jeremy as their professional relationship transforms into something more. But then, tragedy strikes, and the story changes track. As the perspective shifts, so too does our image of Jane and those in her orbit as what we think we know begins to unravel. Audacious, emotionally precise and head-spinning in its ingenuity, Swallow the Ghost interrogates our public identities and private realities through the kaleidoscopic portrait of one woman's life.
Swansea Copper: A Global History
by Chris Evans Louise MiskellThe first book to detail the global impact of copper production in Swansea, Wales, and how a major technological shift transformed the British Isles into the world's most dynamic center of copper smelting.Eighteenth-century Swansea, Wales, was to copper what nineteenth-century Manchester was to cotton or twentieth-century Detroit to the automobile. Beginning around 1700, Swansea became the place where a revolutionary new method of smelting copper, later christened the Welsh Process, flourished. Using mineral coal as a source of energy, Swansea's smelters were able to produce copper in volumes that were quite unthinkable in the old, established smelting centers of central Europe and Scandinavia. After some tentative first steps, the Swansea district became a smelting center of European, then global, importance. Between the 1770s and the 1840s, the Swansea district routinely produced one-third of the world's smelted copper, sometimes more.In Swansea Copper, Chris Evans and Louise Miskell trace the history of copper making in Britain from the late seventeenth century, when the Welsh Process transformed Britain's copper industry, to the 1890s, when Swansea's reign as the dominant player in the world copper trade entered an absolute decline. Moving backward and forward in time, Evans and Miskell begin by examining the place of copper in baroque Europe, surveying the productive landscape into which Swansea Copper erupted and detailing the means by which it did so. They explain how Swansea copper achieved global dominance in the years between the Seven Years' War and Waterloo, explore new commercial regulations that allowed the importation to Britain of copper ore from around the world, and connect the rise of the copper trade to the rise of the transatlantic slave trade. They also examine the competing rise of the post–Civil War US copper industry.Whereas many contributions to global history focus on high-end consumer goods—Chinese ceramics, Indian cottons, and the like—Swansea Copper examines a producer good, a metal that played a key role in supporting new technologies of the industrial age, like steam power and electricity. Deftly showing how deeply mineral history is ingrained in the history of the modern world, Evans and Miskell present new research not just on Swansea itself but on the places its copper industry affected: mining towns in Cuba, Chile, southern Africa, and South Australia. This insightful book will be of interest to anyone concerned with the historical roots of globalization and the Industrial Revolution as a global phenomenon.
Swap'd (Click'd #2)
by Tamara Ireland StoneAfter her Click'd catastrophe, Allie Navarro is determined to redeem herself. So when the class gets an assignment to create a mobile game from recycled code, Allie pairs up with Courtney, her best friend from CodeGirls camp, to create the perfect app: Swap'd. Kids buy, sell, and trade stuff at school all the time. Candy. Clothes. Video games. Slime. Why not make a fiercely competitive, totally anonymous, beat-the-clock game out of it? Once Swap'd is in full-swing, Allie is certain that it's the answer to all her problems. She's making quick cash to help Courtney buy that really expensive plane ticket to come visit her. It's giving her an excuse to have an actual conversation with her super-secret crush. And it looks like she might finally beat her archenemy-turned-friend, Nathan. She's thought of everything. Or? has she? The second book in the Click'd series by New York Times best-selling author Tamara Ireland Stone weaves together middle school friendship, first crushes, and serious coding skills in another fun, fast-paced, and empowering novel that will have readers cheering Allie on from the first page to the last.