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The Dutch Paper Industry from 1580 to the Present: The Survival of a Long-Established Industry (Palgrave Studies in Economic History)
by Martha Emilie EhrichThis open access book is the first to provide an analysis of the Dutch paper industry over a period encompassing six centuries. Responding to a trend of renewed scholarly interest in paper industries and production, the book seeks to illuminate the factors behind this relatively small national industry’s centuries-long survival. Previous historical research has shown that sets of colonial, trade, merchant and family networks, tightly interwoven through a dense web of capital, were crucial for paper production and trade in early modern Europe. This book situates the Dutch paper industry within these overlapping contexts and their shifting dynamics over time, and historicizes the challenges and obstacles it had to overcome through four phases of capitalism: the rise of Dutch capitalism (1580–1815), Dutch monarchic liberalism (1815–1914), Fordism (1914–1980), and post-Fordism (1980 until now). Each chapter covers not only technological advancements in the industry, but its development alongside further determining dimensions, such as state-industry relations (industry policies), labour-capital relations (unions) and competition and cooperation, overall painting a picture of how the industry adapted to and endured changes in national and global networks surrounding the industry. This book will be of broad interest to scholars of economic and business history, as well as industrial history, political economy, and management studies. “This publication was supported by funds from the Publication Fund for Open Access Monographs of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany.”
The Dynamic Progress Method: Using Advanced Simulation to Improve Project Planning and Management
by J. Chris White Robert M. SholtesRecent computer-based tools for project planning and management focus on user-friendliness and interconnectivity. However, these programs function on the Critical Path Method, or CPM, which was created in the 1950s. These programs, which involve simplistic models and methods, ignore the fact that the underlying computations on which they function h
The Dynamic Terrorist Threat: An Assessment of Group Motivations and Capabilities in a Changing World
by Cheryl Y. Marcum Sara A. Daly Kim Cragin M. Rebecca Kilburn Susan S. Everingham Jill HoubeAs the war on terrorism wages on, our nation's policymakers will continue to face the challenge of assessing threats that various terrorist groups pose to the U.S. homeland and our interests abroad. As part of the RAND Corporation's yearlong "Thinking Strategically About Combating Terrorism" project, the authors of this report develop a way to assess and analyze the danger posed by various terrorist organizations around the world. The very nature of terrorism creates a difficulty in predicting new and emerging threats; however, by establishing these types of parameters, the report creates a fresh foundation of threat analysis on which future counterterrorism strategy may build.
The Dynamical Projectors Method: Hydro and Electrodynamics
by Sergey Leble Anna PerelomovaThe dynamical projectors method proves to reduce a multicomponent problem to the simplest one-component problem with its solution determined by specific initial or boundary conditions. Its universality and application in many different physical problems make it particularly useful in hydrodynamics, electrodynamics, plasma physics, and boundary layer problems. A great variety of underlying mechanisms are included making this book useful for those working in wave theory, hydrodynamics, electromagnetism, and applications. "The authors developed a universal and elegant tool – dynamical projector method. Using this method for very complicated hydro-thermodynamic and electrodynamics problem settings, they were able to get a lot of interesting analytical results in areas where before often just numerical methods were applicable." —L. A. Bordag, University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz, Zittau, Germany "The book is intended for professionals working in various fields of linear and nonlinear mathematical physics, partial differential equations and theoretical physics. The book is written clearly, and in my opinion, its material will be useful and easy to understand for professionals and for students familiar with ordinary and partial differential equations." —Sergey Dobrokhotov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
The Dynamics and Mechanism of Human Thermal Adaptation in Building Environment: A Glimpse to Adaptive Thermal Comfort in Buildings (Springer Theses)
by Maohui LuoThis book focuses on human adaptive thermal comfort in the building environment and the balance between reducing building air conditioning energy and improving occupants’ thermal comfort. It examines the mechanism of human thermal adaptation using a newly developed adaptive heat balance model, and presents pioneering findings based on an on online survey, real building investigation, climate chamber experiments, and theoretical models. The book investigates three critical issues related to human thermal adaptation: (i) the dynamics of human thermal adaptation in the building environment; (ii) the basic rules and effects of human physiological acclimatization and psychological adaptation; and (iii) a new, adaptive, heat balance model describing behavioral adjustment, physiological acclimatization, psychological adaptation, and physical improvement effects. Providing the basis for establishing a more reasonable adaptive thermal comfort model, the book is a valuable reference resource for anyone interested in future building thermal environment evaluation criteria.
The Dynamics of Broadband Markets in Europe
by Wolter Lemstra William H. MelodyThe European Commission's Digital Agenda for Europe sets the targets for broadband development by 2020, yet current broadband market outcomes vary widely amongst the EU Member States and the objectives seem challenging for many. In this book, a group of in-country experts follows a framework of qualitative and quantitative analysis to capture patterns, commonalities and differences between 12 different European countries, in terms of infrastructure endowments, institutional arrangements, time of joining the EU, behavior of market actors, personal interventions of regulators, the role of municipalities, and the role perception of governments. By exploring how the past explains present broadband market outcomes, these longitudinal country case studies look to how improvements can be made for the future. As the first in-depth study of broadband developments in Europe, this book will be invaluable to policy-makers, regulators, academic researchers, advisors, and consultants working in the fields of telecommunications, broadband development, technology and innovation.
The Dynamics of Electrons in Linear Plasma Devices and Its Impact on Plasma Surface Interaction (Springer Theses)
by Michael HubenyTurbulence in plasma surface interaction holds crucial uncertainties for its impact on material erosion in the operation of fusion reactors. In this thesis, the design, development and operation of a Thomson scattering diagnostic and its novel implementation with fast visual imaging created a versatile tool to investigate intermittently occuring plasma oscillations. Specifically, ballistic transport events in the plasma edge, constituting turbulent transport, have been targeted in this thesis. With the help of a custom photon counting algorithm, the conditional averaging technique was applied on Thomson scattering for the first time to allow spatial and pseudo-time-resolved measurements.Since plasma turbulence and the emerging transport phenomena are comparable in most magnetized devices, the diagnostic development and the results from the linear plasma device PSI-2 are useful for an implementation of similar techniques in larger fusion experiments. Furthermore, the obtained results indicate a strong enhancement of erosion with turbulent transport and thus underline the importance of dedicated experiments investigating plasma turbulence in the framework of erosion in future fusion reactors.
The Dynamics of Energy: Supply, Conversion, and Utilization
by Horacio Perez-BlancoAs mankind searches for energy alternatives with minimal environmental consequences and acceptable cost, it is necessary to identify valid areas of endeavor that can activate favorable energy sources and technological developments. Toward that end, The Dynamics of Energy: Supply, Conversion, and Utilization develops competence in energy matters on
The Dynamics of Environmental and Economic Systems: Innovation, Environmental Policy and Competitiveness
by Massimiliano Mazzanti Valeria CostantiniExploiting econometric techniques aimed at dealing with the dynamics of economic systems and the heterogeneity of agents performances, the volume integrates innovation-based reasoning with ex-post analyses, and presents ex-ante analyses able to evaluate the role of climate change policies by using computable general equilibrium models such as the Global Trade Analysis Project for Energy (GTAP-E). The authors merge and use a range of datasets, including OECD-PATSTAT and STAN, to test novel techniques informed by evolutionary economic theories and the Porter hypothesis. The immediate relevance and applicability of the models will strengthen the hand of policy analysts for whom the dynamic efficiency of environmental policy is a new, high-profile evaluation criterion.
The Dynamics of Property Location: Value and the Factors which Drive the Location of Shops, Offices and Other Land Uses
by Russell SchillerWhy is property located where it is and how has this process changed in recent years? A number of factors such as social change and technological development, have affected location and these are considered. Value, the way changing patterns are measured, is examined and there is a discussion of rent contours. The book considers location in the retail industry, looking at the theory, hierarchy, clustering and dispersal. The move to out of town sites, with its three waves of decentralisation, is described. Central place theory, dating from the 1930s, is discounted as being obsolete and misleading. Finally the book covers offices, industrial and residential property.
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads
by A.H. WickensFirst published in 1982. CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis.
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks: Proceedings of the 24th Symposium of the International Association for Vehicle System Dynamics (IAVSD 2015), Graz, Austria, 17-21 August 2015
by Johannes Edelmann Manfred Plöchl Martin Rosenberger Klaus SixThe IAVSD Symposium is the leading international conference in the field of ground vehicle dynamics, bringing together scientists and engineers from academia and industry. The biennial IAVSD symposia have been held in internationally renowned locations. In 2015 the 24th Symposium of the International Association for Vehicle System Dynamics (IAVSD)
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks
by Robert FröhlingThese proceedings provide an authoritative source of information in the field of suspension design, vehicle-infrastructure interaction, mechatronics and vehicle control systems for road as well as rail vehicles. The research presented includes modelling and simulation.
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks: Proceedings of 10th IAVSD Symposium Held in Prague, Czechoslovakia, August 24-28, 1987
by Milan ApetaurThis book deals with identification methods for vehicle system dynamics and dynamic interaction of vehicles with tracks and roads. It also deals with injury sequence and injury severity as the consequence of the dynamic response of the vehicle during and after collision.
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks: Proceedings of the 13th IAVSD Symposium
by Zhiyun ShenThis book develops a continuous look-ahead preview control scheme and applies the scheme to the well known quarter car model. It particularly focuses on the active and semi-active control of the vehicle systems.
The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks: Proceedings of the Iavsd Symposium, 6th Technical University, Berlin, Sept. 1979
by WillumeitFirst published in 1980. CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis.
The E-Myth Contractor
by Michael E. GerberWith The E-Myth Contractor, Michael E. Gerber launches a series of books that apply the E-Myth to specific types of small businesses. The first is aimed at contractors. This book reveals a radical new mind-set that will free contractors from the tyranny of an unprofitable, unproductive routine. With specific tips on topics as crucial as planning, money and personnel management, The E-Myth Contractor teaches readers how to: Implement the ingenious turnkey system of management--a means of creating a business prototype that reflects the business owner's unique set of talents and replicating and distributing them among employees and customers. Recognise and manage the four forms of money--income, profit, flow and equity. Harness the power of change to expand the company. The book also provides help on a larger level, leading readers towards becoming business visionaries by relinquishing tactical work and embracing strategic work, by letting go to gain control. Once put into action, Gerber's revolutionary ideas promise not only to help contractors build successful businesses, but successful lives as well.
The E-Myth Contractor
by Michael E. GerberWith The E-Myth Contractor, Michael E. Gerber launches a series of books that apply the E-Myth to specific types of small businesses. The first is aimed at contractors.This book reveals a radical new mind-set that will free contractors from the tyranny of an unprofitable, unproductive routine. With specific tips on topics as crucial as planning, money and personnel management, The E-Myth Contractor teaches readers how to:Implement the ingenious turnkey system of management--a means of creating a business prototype that reflects the business owner's unique set of talents and replicating and distributing them among employees and customers.Recognise and manage the four forms of money--income, profit, flow and equity.Harness the power of change to expand the company.The book also provides help on a larger level, leading readers towards becoming business visionaries by relinquishing tactical work and embracing strategic work, by letting go to gain control. Once put into action, Gerber's revolutionary ideas promise not only to help contractors build successful businesses, but successful lives as well.
The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy
by Xu KuangdiThis encyclopedia volume comprehensively reflects the basic knowledge and latest research results in the field of mining and metallurgy technology, as well as the latest characteristics of the development in this field. In this reference book, the knowledge system, basic concepts, basic theories, as well as important figures, representative works and institutions of these two engineering categories are well organized in encyclopedic entries. Among them, the content on mining engineering mainly includes mining and mineral processing theory, mining and mineral processing methods, as well as the safety and environmental knowledge involved in mining and mineral processing. In the metallurgical engineering field, it mainly covers metallurgy and metallurgy industry, ferrous metallurgy, non-ferrous metallurgy, powder metallurgy, plastic working of metal, coking chemicals, refractories, energy for metallurgy, physical chemistry of metallurgical process, etc.This is thefirst volume of a series of encyclopedias co-published by Encyclopedia of China Publishing House (ECPH), Beijing and Springer Nature.
The EIS Book: Managing and Preparing Environmental Impact Statements
by Charles H. EcclestonPoor Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) practice leads to poorly planned projects, and ultimately poor environmental protection. Written by recognized NEPA authority Charles H. Eccleston, The EIS Book: Managing and Preparing Environmental Impact Statements supplies focused direction on preparing an EIS, highlighting best professional practices (B
The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects
by Christian Zardini Günter GrossmannThe ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects is the work of the European network ELFNET which was founded by the European Commission in the 6th Framework Programme. It brings together contributions from the leading European experts in lead-free soldering. The limited validity of testing methods originating from tin-lead solder was a major point of concern in ELFNET members' discussions. As a result, the network's reliability group decided to bring together the material properties of lead-free solders, as well as the basics of material science, and to discuss their influence on the procedures for accelerated testing. This has led to a matrix of failure mechanisms and their activation and, as a result, to a comprehensive coverage of the scientific background and its applications in reliability testing of lead-free solder joints. The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects is written for scientists, engineers and researchers involved with lead-free electronics.
The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects
by Christian Zardini Günter GrossmannThe ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects is the work of the European network ELFNET which was founded by the European Commission in the 6th Framework Programme. It brings together contributions from the leading European experts in lead-free soldering.The limited validity of testing methods originating from tin-lead solder was a major point of concern in ELFNET members' discussions. As a result, the network's reliability group decided to bring together the material properties of lead-free solders, as well as the basics of material science, and to discuss their influence on the procedures for accelerated testing. This has led to a matrix of failure mechanisms and their activation and, as a result, to a comprehensive coverage of the scientific background and its applications in reliability testing of lead-free solder joints.The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects is written for scientists, engineers and researchers involved with lead-free electronics.
The ELSI Handbook of Nanotechnology: Risk, Safety, ELSI and Commercialization
by Chaudhery Mustansar HussainThis Handbook focuses on the recent advancements in Safety, Risk, Ethical Society and Legal Implications (ESLI) as well as its commercialization of nanotechnology, such as manufacturing. Nano is moving out of its relaxation phase of scientific route, and as new products go to market, organizations all over the world, as well as the general public, are discussing the environmental and health issues associated with nanotechnology. Nongovernmental science organizations have long since reacted; however, now the social sciences have begun to study the cultural portent of nanotechnology. Societal concerns and their newly constructed concepts, show nanoscience interconnected with the economy, ecology, health, and governance. This handbook addresses these new challenges and is divided into 7 sections: Nanomaterials and the Environment; Life Cycle Environmental Implications of Nanomanufacturing; Bioavailability and Toxicity of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Terrestrial Environments; Occupational Health Hazards of Nanoparticles; Ethical Issues in Nanotechnology; Commercialization of Nanotechnology; Legalization of Nanotechnology.
The ESD Control Program Handbook (Wiley - IEEE)
by Jeremy M. SmallwoodProvides the understanding and practical skills needed to develop and maintain an effective ESD control program for manufacturing, storage, and handling of ESD sensitive components This essential guide to ESD control programs explains the principles and practice of ESD control in an easily accessible way whilst also providing more depth and a wealth of references for those who want to gain a deeper knowledge of the subject. It describes static electricity and ESD principles such as triboelectrification, electrostatic fields, and induced voltages, with the minimum of theory or mathematics. It is designed for the reader to "dip into" as required, rather than need to read cover to cover. The ESD Control Program Handbook begins with definitions and commonly used terminology, followed by the principles of static electricity and ESD control. Chapter 3 discusses ESD susceptible electronic devices, and how ESD susceptibility of a component is measured. This is followed by the “Seven habits of a highly effective ESD program”, explaining the essential activities of an effective ESD control program. While most texts mainly address manual handling of ESD susceptible devices, Chapter 5 extends the discussion to ESD control in automated systems, processes and handling, which form a major part of modern electronic manufacture. Chapter 6 deals with requirements for compliance given by the IEC 61340-5-1 and ANSI/ESD S20.20 ESD control standards. Chapter 7 gives an overview of the selection, use, care and maintenance of equipment and furniture commonly used to control ESD risks. The chapter explains how these often work together as part of a system and must be specified with that in mind. ESD protective packaging is available in an extraordinary range of forms from bags, boxes and bubble wrap to tape and reel packaging for automated processes. The principles and practice of this widely misunderstood area of ESD control are introduced in Chapter 8. The thorny question of how to evaluate an ESD control program is addressed in Chapter 9 with a goal of compliance with a standard as well as effective control of ESD risks and possible customer perceptions. Whilst evaluating an existing ESD control program provides challenges, developing an ESD control program from scratch provides others. Chapter 10 gives an approach to this. Standard test methods used in compliance with ESD control standards are explained and simple test procedures given in Chapter 11. ESD Training has long been recognised as essential in maintaining effective ESD control. Chapter 12 discusses ways of covering essential topics and how to demonstrate static electricity in action. The book ends with a look at where ESD control may go in the near future. The ESD Control Program Handbook: Gives readers a sound understanding of the subject to analyze the ESD control requirements of manufacturing processes, and develop an effective ESD control program Provides practical knowledge, as well as sufficient theory and background to understand the principles of ESD control Teaches how to track and identify how ESD risks arise, and how to identify fitting means for minimizing or eliminating them Emphasizes working with modern ESD control program standards IEC 61340-5-1 and ESD S20:20 The ESD Control Program Handbook is an invaluable reference for anyone tasked with setting up, evaluating, or maintaining an effective ESD control program, training personnel, or making ESD control related measurements. It would form an excellent basis for a University course on the subject as well as a guide and resource for industry professionals.
The ESD Handbook
by Steven H. VoldmanA practical and comprehensive reference that explores Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) in semiconductor components and electronic systems The ESD Handbook offers a comprehensive reference that explores topics relevant to ESD design in semiconductor components and explores ESD in various systems. Electrostatic discharge is a common problem in the semiconductor environment and this reference fills a gap in the literature by discussing ESD protection. Written by a noted expert on the topic, the text offers a topic-by-topic reference that includes illustrative figures, discussions, and drawings. The handbook covers a wide-range of topics including ESD in manufacturing (garments, wrist straps, and shoes); ESD Testing; ESD device physics; ESD semiconductor process effects; ESD failure mechanisms; ESD circuits in different technologies (CMOS, Bipolar, etc.); ESD circuit types (Pin, Power, Pin-to-Pin, etc.); and much more. In addition, the text includes a glossary, index, tables, illustrations, and a variety of case studies. Contains a well-organized reference that provides a quick review on a range of ESD topics Fills the gap in the current literature by providing information from purely scientific and physical aspects to practical applications Offers information in clear and accessible terms Written by the accomplished author of the popular ESD book series Written for technicians, operators, engineers, circuit designers, and failure analysis engineers, The ESD Handbook contains an accessible reference to ESD design and ESD systems.