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Technologies in a Multilingual Environment: XXII Professional Culture of the Specialist of the Future (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #636)
by Daria Bylieva Alfred NordmannThe book addresses the challenge of living in a multilingual world from three perspectives: socio-linguistics and the study of multilingualism in contrast, philosophy of technology with its emphasis on the world as a technosphere—how it is made, how it is experienced, and how it can be managed, and then pedagogy and the question of teaching and learning to competently negotiate multilingual environments. In today‘s multicultural and multilingual world, technologies provide a common ground. The story of the technosphere as a multilingual environment offers new perspective, namely that of learning to cooperate and coordinate.
Technologies in Decline: Socio-Technical Approaches to Discontinuation and Destabilisation
by Zahar Koretsky Peter Stegmaier Bruno Turnheim Harro Van LenteThe central questions of this book are how technologies decline, how societies deal with technologies in decline, and how governance may be explicitly oriented towards parting with ‘undesirable’ technology. Surprisingly, these questions are fairly novel. Thus far, the dominant interest in historical, economic, sociological and political studies of technology has been to understand how novelty emerges, how innovation can open up new opportunities and how such processes may be supported. This innovation bias reflects how in the last centuries modern societies have embraced technology as a vehicle of progress. It is timely, however, to broaden the social study of technology and society: next to considering the rise of technologies, their fall should be addressed, too. Dealing with technologies in decline is an important challenge or our times, as socio-technical systems are increasingly part of the problems of climate change, biodiversity loss, social inequalities and geo-political tensions. This volume presents empirical studies of technologies in decline, as well as conceptual clarifications and theoretical deepening. Technologies in Decline presents an emerging research agenda for the study of technological decline, emphasising the need for a plurality of perspectives. Given that destabilisation and discontinuation are seen as a way to accelerate sustainability transitions, this book will be of interest to academics, students and policy makers researching and working in the areas of sustainability science and policy, economic geography, innovation studies, and science and technology studies.
Technologies in Plant Biotechnology and Breeding of Field Crops
by Kamaluddin Usha Kiran M. Z. AbdinThis edited book is a comprehensive compilation of principles, conventional and molecular approaches used to develop improved varieties and hybrids of major crops in light of their origin, evolution, taxonomy, production and productivity and need by human civilization. The book covers breeding prospects of all important food and commercial crops. It highlights the importance of breeding tools and techniques in ensuring food security. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, agriculture scientists, capacity builders, and policymakers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists and policymakers will find this book useful.
Technologies of Consumer Labor: A History of Self-Service (Routledge Research in Cultural and Media Studies)
by Michael PalmThis book documents and examines the history of technology used by consumers to serve oneself. The telephone’s development as a self-service technology functions as the narrative spine, beginning with the advent of rotary dialing eliminating most operator services and transforming every local connection into an instance of self-service. Today, nearly a century later, consumers manipulate 0-9 keypads on a plethora of digital machines. Throughout the book Palm employs a combination of historical, political-economic and cultural analysis to describe how the telephone keypad was absorbed into business models across media, retail and financial industries, as the interface on everyday machines including the ATM, cell phone and debit card reader. He argues that the naturalization of self-service telephony shaped consumers’ attitudes and expectations about digital technology.
Technologies of InSecurity: The Surveillance of Everyday Life
by Katja Aas Helene Gundhus Heidi LomellTechnologies of Insecurity examines how general social and political concerns about terrorism, crime, migration and globalization are translated into concrete practices of securitisation of everyday life. Who are we afraid of in a globalizing world? How are issues of safety and security constructed and addressed by various local actors and embodied in a variety of surveillance systems? Examining how various forms of contemporary insecurity are translated into, and reduced to, issues of surveillance and social control, this book explores a variety of practical and cultural aspects of technological control, as well as the discourses about safety and security surrounding them. (In)security is a politically and socially constructed phenomenon, with a variety of meanings and modalities. And, exploring the inherent duality and dialectics between our striving for security and the simultaneous production of insecurity, Technologies of Insecurity considers how mundane objects and activities are becoming bearers of risks which need to be neutralised. As ordinary arenas - such as the workplace, the city centre, the football stadium, the airport, and the internet - are imbued with various notions of risk and danger and subject to changing public attitudes and sensibilities, the critical deconstruction of the nexus between everyday surveillance and (in)security pursued here provides important new insights about how broader political issues are translated into concrete and local practices of social control and exclusion.
Technologies of Knowledge: Rethinking the Archive in Modern South Asia
by Aryendra Chakravartty Samiparna SamantaThis book traces the role of technology in shaping, curating, disseminating, and archiving knowledge and life in South Asia. It focuses on empirical studies of transformative social processes unleashed by technological intervention in colonial and postcolonial contexts, which have changed our everyday lives and created new sites of domination and resistance, and new archives of history.Unraveling technology as an indicator of South Asia’s encounter with modernity, the chapters in the volume interrogate how technology was witnessed in the production of culture, historicizing and preserving the past, and establishing claims to heritage and history. In addition to examining the critical role of creative and commercial networks in establishing communities, the volume also scans the significant contribution of technology as a mechanism of social control. It highlights the pervasive nature of discourse that continues to assert its legitimacy, despite significant challenges to its structures of dominance, be it in the case of Bengali women or imperial dreams of curating a rapidly eroding past. In doing so, the volume emphasizes the discursive thoughts and practices that permeate the functioning of an empire and a postcolonial nation-state through narratives of resilience, appropriation, silences, and dissent.This volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of science and technology studies, digital humanities, South Asian studies, modern history, colonialism, and post-independence India.
Technologies of Robotic Welding (Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing in China)
by Maoai Chen Wenjian Ren Yuanning JiangThe book deals with robotic welding systems and their applications. The mechanical design of manipulator, sensing technology, welding process, manipulating technology, and maintenance procedure of welding robot are presented in detail, with must-know basic theories about operation principle of robot briefly introduced. The book features a large quantity of carefully selected images and tables to help the reader understand the technologies of robotic welding easily and quickly. The book benefits welding engineers, mechanical engineers, researchers, and senior undergraduate students and postgraduate students in the fields of welding engineering, mechanical engineering, etc.
Technologies of the Human Corpse (The\mit Press Ser.)
by John TroyerThe relationship of the dead body with technology through history, from nineteenth-century embalming machines to the death-prevention technologies of today.Death and the dead body have never been more alive in the public imagination—not least because of current debates over modern medical technology that is deployed, it seems, expressly to keep human bodies from dying, blurring the boundary between alive and dead. In this book, John Troyer examines the relationship of the dead body with technology, both material and conceptual: the physical machines, political concepts, and sovereign institutions that humans use to classify, organize, repurpose, and transform the human corpse. Doing so, he asks readers to think about death, dying, and dead bodies in radically different ways. Troyer explains, for example, how technologies of the nineteenth century including embalming and photography, created our image of a dead body as quasi-atemporal, existing outside biological limits formerly enforced by decomposition. He describes the “Happy Death Movement” of the 1970s; the politics of HIV/AIDS corpse and the productive potential of the dead body; the provocations of the Body Worlds exhibits and their use of preserved dead bodies; the black market in human body parts; and the transformation of historic technologies of the human corpse into “death prevention technologies.” The consequences of total control over death and the dead body, Troyer argues, are not liberation but the abandonment of Homo sapiens as a concept and a species. In this unique work, Troyer forces us to consider the increasing overlap between politics, dying, and the dead body in both general and specifically personal terms.
Technologies of the New Real: Viral Contagion and Death of the Social (Digital Futures)
by Arthur Kroker Marilouise KrokerWith astonishing speed, we have been projected into a new reality where interactions with drones, robotic bodies, and high-level surveillance are increasingly mainstream. In this age of groundbreaking developments in robotic technologies, synthetic biology is merging with artificial intelligence, forming a newly blended reality of machines, bodies, and affect. Technologies of the New Real draws from critical intersections of technology and society – including drones, surveillance, DIY bodies, and innovations in robotic technology – to explore what these advances can tell us about our present reality, or what authors Arthur and Marilouise Kroker deem the "new real" of digital culture in the twenty-first century. Technologies of the New Real explores the many technologies of our present reality as they infiltrate the social, political, and economic static of our everyday lives, seemingly eroding traditionally conceived boundaries between humans and machines, and rendering fully ambivalent borders between the human mind and simulated data.
Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for BioWatch
by National Research Council Sheena M. Posey Norris Board on Health Sciences Policy Joe Alper Institute of Medicine Board on Life Sciences India Hook-BarnardThe BioWatch program, funded and overseen by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has three main elements--sampling, analysis, and response--each coordinated by different agencies. The Environmental Protection Agency maintains the sampling component, the sensors that collect airborne particles. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention coordinates analysis and laboratory testing of the samples, though testing is actually carried out in state and local public health laboratories. Local jurisdictions are responsible for the public health response to positive findings. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is designated as the lead agency for the law enforcement response if a bioterrorism event is detected. In 2003 DHS deployed the first generation of BioWatch air samplers. The current version of this technology, referred to as Generation 2.0, requires daily manual collection and testing of air filters from each monitor. DHS has also considered newer automated technologies (Generation 2.5 and Generation 3.0) which have the potential to produce results more quickly, at a lower cost, and for a greater number of threat agents. Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for BioWatch is the summary of a workshop hosted jointly by the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council in June 2013 to explore alternative cost-effective systems that would meet the requirements for a BioWatch Generation 3.0 autonomous detection system, or autonomous detector, for aerosolized agents . The workshop discussions and presentations focused on examination of the use of four classes of technologies--nucleic acid signatures, protein signatures, genomic sequencing, and mass spectrometry--that could reach Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6-plus in which the technology has been validated and is ready to be tested in a relevant environment over three different tiers of temporal timeframes: those technologies that could be TRL 6-plus ready as part of an integrated system by 2016, those that are likely to be ready in the period 2016 to 2020, and those are not likely to be ready until after 2020. Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for BioWatch discusses the history of the BioWatch program, the role of public health officials and laboratorians in the interpretation of BioWatch data and the information that is needed from a system for effective decision making, and the current state of the art of four families of technology for the BioWatch program. This report explores how the technologies discussed might be strategically combined or deployed to optimize their contributions to an effective environmental detection capability.
Technology: Engineering & Design (6th edition)
by Sharon A. Brusic James F. Fales Vincent F. Kuetemeyer"Technology: Engineering & Design" helps students understand and apply technology presented in an engineering context. It describes the engineering design process and how it is used to solve technological challenges. In this program students explore the nature of technology, technology systems, and the history, evolution, and characteristics of technology as well as its impact on our society, culture, economy, politics, and environment.
Technology: New Trajectories in Law (New Trajectories in Law)
by Penny Crofts Honni van RijswijkPlacing contemporary technological developments in their historical context, this book argues for the importance of law in their regulation. Technological developments are focused upon overcoming physical and human constraints. There are no normative constraints inherent in the quest for ongoing and future technological development. In contrast, law proffers an essential normative constraint. Just because we can do something, does not mean that we should. Through the application of critical legal theory and jurisprudence to pro-actively engage with technology, this book demonstrates why legal thinking should be prioritised in emerging technological futures. This book articulates classic skills and values such as ethics and justice to ensure that future and ongoing legal engagements with socio-technological developments are tempered by legal normative constraints. Encouraging them to foreground questions of justice and critique when thinking about law and technology, the book addresses law students and teachers, lawyers and critical thinkers concerned with the proliferation of technology in our lives.
Technology: Cool Women who Code
by Andi DiehnDo you listen to music with an MP3 player or read books on a tablet? Do you play multiplayer video games with people on the other side of the world? Do you have a robot cleaning your kitchen? Maybe not yet, but someday! In Technology: Cool Women Who Code, kids in grades four through six learn about the thrilling effort that goes into researching, inventing, programming, and producing the technology we use today, from iPods to mechanical limbs. Young readers discover exactly what technology is, how it evolved, and where the future may lead. They also meet three women who have contributed to the field in critical ways, including Grace Hopper and Shaundra Bryant Daily. Technology: Cool Women Who Code combines high-interest content with links to online primary sources and essential questions that further expand kids’ knowledge and understanding of a topic they come in contact with every day. Compelling portraits of women who have excelled in meeting the challenges of their field keep kids interested and infused with a sense of possibility and determination.
Technology: Today and Tomorrow (5th edition)
by James F. Fales Vincent F. Kuetemeyer Sharon A. BrusicTechnology: Today and Tomorrow is a technology literacy textbook for high school. It uses the systems approach (input, process, output, feedback) to inform students about communication and bio-related technology. The text teaches students about the nature of technology and its role in our lives. It provides information about the history and evolution of technology; the characteristics of technology; and its impact on our society, culture, economy, politics and environment. Hands-on activities give students experience in designing and using technology. "Directed" activities provide step-by-step procedures. "Design and problem solving" activities guide students to use the problem-solving process to develop their own solutions. Cross-curricular activities in the Chapter Review pages relate technology to other subjects, such as science, mathematics, language arts and social studies.
Technology: Shaping Our World
by John B. Gradwell Malcolm Welch Eugene MartinDesigned for use in middle school introductory technology education courses.
Technology: A Groundwork Guide (Groundwork Guides)
by Wayne GradyA sweeping history of technology’s advance that raises the crucial question of whether we are in control of technology, or whether technology controls us. An excellent introduction to technology for young adults.There is no doubt that we have come to rely on technology, not only for our comfort and convenience, but for our very survival as a species. A hundred and fifty years ago, Charles Darwin noted wryly that if the human species were returned to the wild without the advantage of technology, we would become extinct in six weeks.Since that time, technology has proliferated to the extent that we can no longer conceive of life without it. As this book shows, technology is more than the sum of the tools we use, whether they are primitive ploughs or space shuttles. It is a way of seeing the world, the way we determine how the world works -- technology is a way of thinking.We see this in the way technology has invaded our language: we speak of the education system, the cultural industry. Since the 18th century, we have tended to describe the universe as a giant clockwork, the body as a machine, and, more recently, the mind as a computer. These are all aspects of the degree to which we have come to live in a technological age."[The Groundwork Guides] are excellent books, mandatory for school libraries and the increasing body of young people prepared to take ownership of the situations and problems previous generations have left them." — Globe and Mail
Technology: A World History (The New Oxford World History)
by Daniel R. HeadrickIt offers an illuminating backdrop to our present moment--a brilliant history of invention around the globe. Historian Daniel R. Headrick ranges from the Stone Age and the beginnings of agriculture to the Industrial Revolution and the electronic revolution of the recent past. In tracing the growing power of humans over nature through increasingly powerful innovations, he compares the evolution of technology in different parts of the world, providing a much broader account than is found in other histories of technology.
Technology: Critical History of a Concept
by Eric SchatzbergIn modern life, technology is everywhere. Yet as a concept, technology is a mess. In popular discourse, technology is little more than the latest digital innovations. Scholars do little better, offering up competing definitions that include everything from steelmaking to singing. In Technology: Critical History of a Concept, Eric Schatzberg explains why technology is so difficult to define by examining its three thousand year history, one shaped by persistent tensions between scholars and technical practitioners. Since the time of the ancient Greeks, scholars have tended to hold technicians in low esteem, defining technical practices as mere means toward ends defined by others. Technicians, in contrast, have repeatedly pushed back against this characterization, insisting on the dignity, creativity, and cultural worth of their work. The tension between scholars and technicians continued from Aristotle through Francis Bacon and into the nineteenth century. It was only in the twentieth century that modern meanings of technology arose: technology as the industrial arts, technology as applied science, and technology as technique. Schatzberg traces these three meanings to the present day, when discourse about technology has become pervasive, but confusion among the three principal meanings of technology remains common. He shows that only through a humanistic concept of technology can we understand the complex human choices embedded in our modern world.
Technology
by N. S. Siddharthan K. NarayananThis volume deals with the role and impact of technology on the economy and society. The papers on corporate dimensions address the impact of patents, determinants of innovative activities, differential behaviour of multinationals, industrial groups and other firms with regard to innovations and technology. In contrast, the papers on social dimensions chiefly deal with the role of technology in reducing inequality. The majority of the papers employ econometric techniques and other statistical methods, and many are based on primary data. The studies emphasise the importance of innovations (especially patents) and human capital in influencing productivity across Indian states, the significance of patenting in determining the efficiency of firms, the role of business groups in promoting innovations, differences in the technological characteristics of multinational and domestic firms, and how mergers and acquisitions can promote R&D. The papers on social dimensions analyse how innovative activities can shape employment, the impact of technology on poverty, the socioeconomic characteristics of mobile phone ownerships, use of information and communications technologies at educational institutions, and the influence of Synchronous Technologies in reducing access to teaching programmes. The studies show that those Indian states that have invested in human capital and technology experienced higher labour productivity. Further, the studies establish a positive correlation between R&D spending and employment. Lastly, they demonstrate that the adoption of agriculture-related technologies can have a significant impact on rural poverty and consumption expenditures.
Technology
by Brad Thode Terry ThodeThis book, Technology, is designed to help people apply technology in the solution of major problems that face society. While complete in itself, the text is enhanced with technology such as bar-code-driven laserdiscs, computer software to support design brief activities, and videotapes. It is a book about technology to be used with technology to produce a dynamic learning experience for the student.
Technology
by R. Thomas WrightThe book helps students realize how technology affects people and the world in which we live.
Technology
by R. Thomas WrightThe latest edition of Technology will help students realize how technology affects people and the world in which we live. Numerous illustrations and easy-to-read text enable understanding of how people use technology and why technological systems work the way they do. Student-friendly features, such as Tomorrow s Technology Today, Technology Explained, Connections to Technology, and Career Corners, provide numerous practical examples of the impacts of technology on our world. This edition of the book has a broadened scope, with information on automation and robotics, digital photography, digital signals, and job skills and employment. The book is fully correlated to the Standards for Technological Literacy.
Technology and Agribusiness: How the Technology is Impacting the Agribusiness
by Amara Amara Yen-Kuang Chen Yoshifumi NishioThe world population is growing, and it is expected that in 2050 there will be 9.7 billion inhabitants on the Earth. According to FAO (United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization) we need to increase the productivity of agriculture by between 50% and 70% to be able to feed the world population in 2050. Other researchers think that reducing the wastage of food may be enough to handle the 2050 population.Several factors must be considered to ensure that humanity is able to feed the world’s population in 2050 and beyond.• Less arable land: As cities are growing, the space available for agriculture is shrinking.• Climate change: Dramatic impacts on agribusiness.• Role of agribusiness on GHG emissions.• Planetary boundaries and the role of agribusiness.• Availability of freshwater.• Soil degradation.The seasonal school presents and discusses the major problems that agribusiness is facing and the different technologies that can be applied to solve and improve such issues. Specific case studies are presented along with the technological solutions that have been applied to solve or minimize the impact.Agribusiness covers different topics such as arable farming, dairy farming, fruits, vegetables, meat, etc. Each of these domains has different needs that can be addressed through smart agriculture technologies such as circuits and systems. Also, these domains affect the sustainability of the planet as they impact at least 4 out of the 9 planetary boundaries.
Technology and Applications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
by Gwyn GriffithsThe oceans are a hostile environment, and gathering information on deep-sea life and the seabed is incredibly difficult. Autonomous underwater vehicles are robot submarines that are revolutionizing the way in which researchers and industry obtain data. Advances in technology have resulted in capable vehicles that have made new discoveries on how th
Technology and Assessment: Proceedings from a Workshop
by National Research CouncilA report on Technology and Assessment:Thinking Ahead